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Dr Dennis R VAN PUYVELDEDr Dennis R VAN PUYVELDE
Technical and International Project ManagerTechnical and International Project Manager
Cooperative Research Centre forCooperative Research Centre for
Greenhouse Gas Technologies (CO2CRC)Greenhouse Gas Technologies (CO2CRC)
Onshore storage and monitoring:the Otway Basin Project
International Workshop on Power Generation with Carbon Capture and Storage22-23 January 2008 Ashok Hotel Delhi
© CO2CRC.All rights reserved.
Project Description
Site Selection
Monitoring & Verification
• Atmospheric monitoring
• Geochemical monitoring
• Geophysical monitoring
• Naylor 1 assemble
Conclusion
Presentation Outline
Otway Project Goals
• Contribute towards CO2CRC Vision and Mission.
– Demonstrate that CCS is technically feasible and environmentally safe.
– Facilitate research into new monitoring technologies
– Offer opportunities for trial and experimentation thereby supporting education/training in greenhouse gas technologies
• Specifically demonstrate to the satisfaction of stakeholders that Specifically demonstrate to the satisfaction of stakeholders that
– COCO22 can be can be safely produced, transported and injectedsafely produced, transported and injected into the sub-surface into the sub-surface
– COCO22 can be can be safely storedsafely stored
– Subsurface behaviour of the injected CO2 can be effectively modeled and monitored
– Storage Volume can be verified as far as possible
– Build public support for CCS as a mitigation mechanism
• A source of carbon dioxide
• Oil and gas tenements available at an affordable price
• Large amount of exploration and production data
• Infrastructure in place
• Gas had demonstrably been trapped for a long time
• Community familiar with the oil industry (plus and minus)
• Logistically accessible
• Adequate storage capacity & favourable geology
© CO2CRC.All rights reserved.
What were factors that led to the choice of the Otway Project site?
Reservoir Modelling & Simulation
Objectives:• To address risk in the inherent uncertainty of reservoir heterogeneity• To assess likely flow behaviour of any injected CO2
How to reduce uncertainties?• CRC-1 findings (cores & logs) to refine the reservoir modeling & simulation• Other data (i.e. seismics)
How to be sure?• Reservoir modeling & simulation peer-reviewed = certification of injection plan• Results from reservoir modeling & simulation to be confirmed by M&V
March 2008
Dec. 2008
Dec. 2010
Simulation Results: CO2 in Cross-sectional View
CO2 arrival
CO2 around CRC-1
CO2 in Naylor-1
• Injection @ 3 MMscf/d • Breakthrough 6-8 months• Up 100,000 tonnes of CO2 to be injected• Gas mixture from Buttress-1 is to be injected (78.8 mol% CO2) • Dissolution, residual trapping, diffusion are considered in model
Monitoring and Verification is a key part of CCS
lateral migration
Injected Carbon Dioxide
Surface Ecosystems
Confining Layer(s)
Saline Water
Atmosphere
buoyant vertical migration
localised seepage
HydrologyGeochemistry
Soil gas
Atmospheric
AssuranceMonitoring
Storage IntegrityMonitoring
Remote GeophysicsGeochemical Sampling
Seal
M&V activities for Otway ProjectActivities Pre-injection During inj. (16 months) Post Injection
Static & Dynamic Modeling Yes (updated & peer-reviewed) To be updated No
Geomechanical Modeling Yes (updated with CRC-1 data) To be updated No
Risk Assessment QRA 1 & 2 QRA 3 & 4 QRA 5
Atmospheric MonitoringLo Flo/ Flux TowerFlask samplingCO2 sniffers
ContinuousOnce/ monthNot installed
ContinuousOnce/monthContinuous
ContinuousTwice a yearContinuous
Surface MonitoringWater levelsWater chemistrySoil gasHeadspace gas
ContinuousTwice a year4 trips1 trip
ContinuousTwice a yearOnce/year4 times
ContinuousTwice once/yrOne/year NoTwice a year
Downhole Geochemistry MonitoringU-tube (*3)P/T measurements (CRC-1 & Naylor-1)
OnceContinuous
Once/week to breakthroughContinuous
TBD NoTBD
Geophysics3D surface seismicVSPs (CRC-1 & Naylor-1)HRTTMicroseismicLogging (CRC-1 & Naylor-1)
One surveyOne surveyOne surveyContinuousOnce
OncePeriodically for Naylor-1TBDContinuousNo
OncePeriodically (N1)NoContinuousOnce
Sampling
• Flux Tower & Lo-Flo Tower
• Flask sampling
• Continuous in situ air and soil flux sampling (CO2 sniffers)
Results
• Large pre-existing background variation in CO2 + other gases’ concentrations (Lo-Flo measurements + flask samples)
• Emissions from CO2 storage: likely to be small
• Leakage of stored CO2 could be discriminated isotopically (13C)
• 3 ppm elevation of CO2 detected during CRC-1 drilling operation
Atmospheric Monitoring
Towards CRC-1 siteFlux Tower
Air Monitoring (Lo Flo & Flux Tower)
Lo-Flo & air monitoring centre
Atmospheric Monitoring
Groundwater/Gas Monitoring
• Groundwater level measurements: Dataloggers installed in Feb 07 and downloaded twice per year until 2010
• Groundwater chemistry:– Characterisation of the shallow waters: low salinity, pH neutral, Na-Ca-HCO3-Cl
composition– Frequency: once per year until 2010
• 4 baseline soil gas trips completed– Frequency: once per year until 2010
• Head Space Gas Survey– Presence, concentration and distribution of gases (including CO2) within selected
boreholes– One baseline trip undertaken, 4 time per year until 2010
Downhole sampling
• Tracers plan finalised (Kr, CD4, SF6)
• Downhole Geochemical Monitoring (U-tube)
Geochemical Monitoring
Geophysical MonitoringTechniques
– 3D Surface seismic– 3D Vertical seismic profiling (Naylor-1 & CRC-1)– High Resolution Travel Time (Naylor-1)– Continuous microseismic
Seismic tested
Baseline seismic completed by Feb 2008
Patch 2.375” ID; 27’ long2028-2035 m
Rod 0.75” O.D.
2040 m Depth
Casing 2.9” I.D.
80oC17 MPa (2500psi)
2055 m
2050 m
2045 m
2030 m
2025 m
2020 mBottom hole
assemblyNaylor 1
Total Depth: 2060 m
Perf
Perf
Packer
Geophone with clamp (1.125 V - 1.5”? 3C)
Hydrophone (1.25”)
Pressure/Temp andU-tube Inlet
Integrated Sonde
GasWater
Integrated monitoring assembly
• 3 geophones, 3 hydrophones and 2 P/T sensors below the packer
• 3 U-Tubes:– In the gas, below GWC, Water
• 3 three-component geophones above the packer
• An array of 8 single component geophones above these
Down hole seismic and U-tube sampling successfully installed & tested by LBNL and CO2CRC researchers in Oct 07.
Inlet gas processing equipment is now on site. We will soon be completing pipeline constructions.
Long term liability issues resolved.
Expect to start injection in March 2008.
CO2CRC Otway Project – Summary
CO2CRC ProjectOPERATIONS
– CRC-1 successfully drilled (Feb 2007)– Downhole geochemical and geophysical assembly installed and tested at Naylor 1– Surface plant currently under construction (to be commissioned in Feb 2008)– Pipeline to be installed by end Jan– Expect to start injection in March 2008
SCIENCE– Baseline monitoring studies completed by Feb 2008
APPROVALS– All regulatory approvals granted– CPPL approval to start injection– Long term liability issues resolved– Landowner issues resolved
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Dr Sandeep SharmaDr Sandeep SharmaDr Peter CookDr Peter Cook
Dr Thomas BerlyDr Thomas BerlyCO2CRC Otway ResearchersCO2CRC Otway Researchers
Information - www.co2crc.com.au - [email protected]