Download EURING Exchange Code 2000

EURING exchange-code 2ØØØ 1 - 143

The EURING exchange-code 2ØØØ. Speek, G., Clark, J.A., Rohde, Z., Wassenaar, R.D. & Van Noordwijk, A.J. Heteren, the Netherlands Vogeltrekstation Arnhem Dutch Ringing Centre Oct 29, 2ØØ8 (for update information see at the end of this publication)


© Copyright EURING. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced (or stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means) for commercial use, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner. When using this copyrighted file, which we promote, see to the proper citation, and please send EURING a copy of your publication. EURING General Secretary Dr. Wolfgang Fiedler Max Planck Research Centre for Ornithology Vogelwarte Radolfzell Schlossallee 2 D-78315 Radolfzell Germany www.euring.org Published for EURING, the European Union for Bird Ringing, by: Vogeltrekstation Arnhem PO Box 4Ø 6666 ZG Heteren the Netherlands June 2ØØ1 www.vogeltrekstation.nl ISBN: 9Ø-74638-13-9 Citation: Speek, G., Clark, J.A., Rohde, Z., Wassenaar, R.D. & Van Noordwijk, A.J. 2ØØ1. The EURING exchange-code 2ØØØ. Heteren. ISBN 9Ø-74638-13-9. This publication can be downloaded as a pdf-file from the EURING website: www.euring.org And also from the website of the Dutch Ringing Scheme: www.vogeltrekstation.nl The two former EURING code manuals, 'EURING Code Manual' (1966) and 'Code Manual New EURING' (1979), can also be downloaded (pdf) from the two websites mentioned above. Authors: Gerrit Speek Dutch Ringing Scheme, PO Box 40, 6666 ZG Heteren, the Netherlands. Jacquie A. Clark UK & Ireland Ringing Scheme, the Nunnery, Thetford, Norfolk IP24 2PU, UK. Zenon Rohde Institute for Ornithology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Nadwislanska 108, 80-

680 Gdansk, Poland. Rinse Wassenaar EURING databank, PO Box 40, 6666 ZG Heteren, the Netherlands. Arie J. van Noordwijk Dutch Ringing Scheme, PO Box 40, 6666 ZG Heteren, the Netherlands. E-mail Gerrit Speek: [email protected]

http://www.euring.org

http://www.vogeltrekstation.nl



mailto:[email protected]


Foreword. EURING, the European Union for Bird Ringing, was founded in 1963 for the purpose of promoting and facilitating co-operation between the European ringing schemes. One of its first and most difficult tasks was to agree a code whereby ringing recoveries could be committed to punch cards, and it was not until the end of 1966 that the ‘EURING Code Manual’ was finally issued. This EURING code, which had been the subject of so much debate, worked well for a decade. In 1977, during a meeting of EURING in Sopot, Poland, the decision was taken to compile a new code, more suited to new computer requirements and facilities. The initiative for this new code was taken by Dr. Carl Edelstam. A working party consisting of Dr. P. Busse, B. Jacquat, C.J. Mead and B.J. Speek was entrusted with the task of finalizing the new version of the code. In 1979 the ‘Code Manual New EURING’ was ready for use and was presented by Robert Spencer, the General Secretary of EURING. A further revision of the code was suggested by Pertti Saurola at the EURING Board meeting in 1997. A committee (of Jacquie Clark, Pertti Saurola and Rinse Wassenaar) was set up to work on the new code. In 1998 Gerrit Speek became involved in the project and produced a first draft of the new code ‘EURING exchange-code 2ØØØ’. The code was circulated round the committee between December 1998 and February 1999, and was sent to all ringing centres in April 1999 before being presented and adopted formally during the EURING General Meeting in September 1999 on Helgoland. During that meeting a committee consisting of Jacquie Clark (Britain & Ireland Ringing Centre), Zenon Rohde (Poland Ringing Centre), Gerrit Speek (Dutch Ringing Centre) and Rinse Wassenaar (EURING databank) was entrusted with the task of finalizing the new version of the code. On behalf of the committee: Gerrit Speek


Introduction. Producing the ‘EURING Code Manual’ in 1966 and the ‘Code Manual New EURING’ in 1979 was hard work in the 196Ø’s and 197Ø’s and these Manuals have been invaluable in allowing standardisation of coding throughout European ringing schemes. One of the major advantages of the original codes was that they were based on 8Ø column punch cards and thus provided the first opportunities for automatic processing. Remarkably, the ‘Code Manual New EURING’ (1979) is still in use in the year 2ØØØ! Perhaps this is a great compliment for the compilers, but the limitation to 8Ø columns is a major disadvantage in the context of modern database systems. Given advances in computing technology, it is time to update the code and adapt it to modern requirements and opportunities. Updating the code allows the following improvements: (1) to remove the double and triple notations in one field that was inevitable based on the punch card; (2) to remove the notations “11” and “12”, based on the punch card; (3) more drastic is a new way of formatting the data. Currently there are several double notation fields in the EURING-code, with ringing and finding data for seven fields (=24 columns) which represents considerable unnecessary use of hard disk-space. Twenty recoveries of the same bird contain 2Ø identical sets of ringing data. The basic idea behind the new formatting is this: think about the capture of two birds in a mistnet at the same time, one bird without a ring (= first catch), the other bird is with a ring (= recapture). What is the difference? There is only one difference: the ring was already present or not, that's all. The ringing details are only required once for each bird, so in this code one set of those fields is enough. The first record (catch nr.1) is the first catch of the bird (equal to the “old fashioned” ringing data), the second record (catch nr.2) is the first recapture, etc. So in each record there is one field for the date, one field for the accuracy of date, one field for the place code, one field for the co-ordinates, one field for the quadrant, one field for the status etc. etc. For example in the old ‘Code Manual New EURING’ (1979): Rec-no.1 Ringing data (with ringing date, -sex, -age etc.) Recapture 1 (with finding date, -sex, -age etc.) Rec-no.2 Ringing data (with ringing date, -sex, -age etc.) Recapture 2 (with finding date, -sex, -age etc.) Rec-no.3 Ringing data (with ringing date, -sex, -age etc.) Recapture 3 (with finding date, -sex, -age etc.)

Etc. Etc. Etc. But in the new ‘EURING exchange-code 2ØØØ’ (2ØØ1) : Rec-no.1 Capture nr.1 with date, sex, age etc. (in this record: ringing data) Rec-no.2 Capture nr.2 with date, sex, age etc. (in this record: finding data from recapture nr.1) Rec-no.3 Capture nr.3 with date, sex, age etc. (in this record: finding data from recapture nr.2) Rec-no.4 Capture nr.4 with date, sex, age etc. (in this record: finding data from recapture nr.3)

Etc. Etc.

Throughout this codebook:

Ø = the number zero; O = the alphabetic character as in “Oslo”. Yes, that’s the opposite of the ‘Code Manual New EURING’ (1979).

Exceptions: there are a few names of place-codes in Danmark and Norway with the character ø.


Foreword 3 Introduction 4 List of overall contents 5 List of actual fields 5 Replaces / removed fields 6 Actual fields of the code 7 - 128 Thanks 129 Appendix 1. List of bats 131 Appendix 2. World-list of sea-mammals. 132 Update information 135 Actual fields: FIELDS COLUMN STATUS compared to 1979 PAGE Ringing Scheme 1-3 Format not changed, updated 7 Primary identification method 4-5 New 16 Identification number (ringnumber) 6-15 Enlarged to 1Ø columns 17 Verification of the metal ring 16 New, but split from old field 18 Metal ring information 17 New, but split from old field 19 Other marks information 18-19 New, enlarged, split from old field 2Ø Species + subsp., mentioned by person 2Ø-24 Format not changed, updated 22 Species + subsp., concluded by Scheme 25-29 New 23 Species in alphabetic order 2Ø-29 Format not changed, updated 24 Species in order of EURING code 2Ø-29 Format not changed, updated 37 Manipulated 3Ø New, but split from old field 51 Moved before the (re)capture/recovery 31 Unchanged, but split 52 Catching method 32 New 53 Catching lures 33 New 54 Sex, by the person who handled the bird 34 Format not changed, updated 55 Sex, as concluded by Scheme 35 New 55 Age, by the person who handled the bird 36 Unchanged 56 Age, as concluded by the Scheme 37 New 56 Status 38 Unchanged, but split 57 Broodsize 39-4Ø Enlarged and changed 58 Pullus age 41-42 Enlarged and changed 59 Accuracy of pullus age 43 Enlarged and changed 6Ø Date 44-51 Enlarged to 8 columns 61 Accuracy of date 52 Unchanged, but split from old field 62 Time 53-56 New, changed from old field 63 Place code 57-6Ø Format not changed, updated 64 Geographical co-ordinates 61-75 Changed, enlarged, updated 116 Accuracy of co-ordinates 76 New 117 Condition 77 Unchanged 118 Circumstances 78-79 Format not changed, updated 119 Circumstances presumed 8Ø Unchanged, but split 124 EURING-code identifier 81 Updated 125 Derived data: distance 82-86 Enlarged, updated 126 Derived data: direction 87-89 Unchanged 126 Derived data: elapsed time 9Ø-94 Enlarged, updated 127 Reserved for biometrical data 151-2ØØ 128 Reserved for additional data 2Ø1- ?


Record structure in EURING 2000 code:

Replaced / Removed fields, comparing to ‘Code Manual New EURING’ (1979):

Removed: Replaced by: Factors affecting recovery chances Metal ring information, Other marks information, Manipulated Verification of identity Species as concluded by the scheme Ringing date Date Finding date Date Accuracy of ringing date Accuracy of date Accuracy of finding date Accuracy of date Place code of ringing Place code Place code of finding Place code Geographical co-ordinates of ringing Geographical co-ordinates Geographical co-ordinates of finding Geographical co-ordinates Quadrant of ringing co-ordinates Quadrant (included in the co-ordinates) Quadrant of finding co-ordinates Quadrant (included in the co-ordinates) Status on ringing Status Status when found Status Moult and biometrics on ringing --- Moult and biometrics on finding --- Plumage --- Previous reports --- Other relatives recovered ---


RINGING SCHEME alphabetic, three columns (1 - 3) 1. Ringing schemes are here defined as centres issuing rings which, without the specific address,

could be confused with rings of other centres. 2. The initial two letters are the country letters from the place code (columns 57 & 58): see that

section for further explanation. The final letter indicates the scheme. 3. To avoid using code letters on some extinct, very small or private schemes as well as zoos and

avicultural societies, such rings are coded with the first two letters of the main scheme from their country of origin with the third letter X.

e.g. Mortensen (Denmark) DKX e.g. Crampton (England) GBX 4. Schemes believed to be extinct are indicated by + in the list. 5. New schemes added, compared to the ‘Code Manual New EURING’ (1979), are indicated by • in

the list. 6. Schemes that have changed name and/or address because of removal, or changes in boundaries

are indicated by x in the list.


A. All the European schemes listed in order of Country. NOTE: this list includes all Schemes known to be operating, or to have operated, in Europe. Some of these Schemes are not currently part of EURING. The allocation of a code does not imply being a EURING member. Country Scheme Code ---------- ----------- ------- • Albania Tirana ABT Austria Salzburg + AUS • Belarus Minsk BYM Belgium Bruxelles or Brussels BLB N.F.B.V.V. + BLN Cogels, Ossendrecht + BLC Bulgaria Sofia BGS Channel Islands Jersey CIJ • Croatia (Hrvatska) Zagreb (Ornit. Inst.) HRZ formerly YUZ CSSR Praha x CSP now CZP and SKB Prag Lotos + CSL Brno Akademia Ved. + CSB Cyprus Nicosia CYC • Cyprus, North Kuskor CYK • Czech Republic Praha CZP formerly CSP Zoo Praha Bohemia + CZB Denmark Copenhagen DKC Kalø + DKK Viborg Skovgaard + DKV Viborg Mortensen + (H.C.C.Mortensen 1899-1920) DKM Odense + DKO Hellerup + (H. Weis 1917-1918) DKH Frederikssund + (Holger Pedersen 1921-1931) DKF • Estonia Matsalu ETM formerly SUE Tartu Universitas + ETT Kielkond-Russia + ETK Finland Helsinki Museum SFH Helsinki Riista + SFR Helsingfors + (J.A. Palmen) SFP France Paris FRP Strasbourg FRS Versailles + FRV Germany, DBR&DDR Wilhelmshaven (Helgoland) x DFH now DEW Hiddensee x DDH now DEH Radolfzell / Rossiten x DFR now DER Radolfzell Süddeutsche Vogelwarte + DFS • Germany Wilhelmshaven (Helgoland) DEW formerly DFH • Hiddensee DEH formerly DDH • Radolfzell DER formerly DFR Zoo Nuerenberg + DEN Zoolog. Station Helgoland + DEZ • Greece Athens GRA Hungary Budapest HGB


Budapest Museum + HGM Iceland Reykjavik ISR Viborg Skovgaard + DKV Italy Bologna Ozzano (BO) IAB Bologna Ancona + IAA Bologna Genova + IAG Bologna Pisa + IAY Bologna Sardo (Sardinia) + IAO Bologna Univ. (Garda Lake) + IAV Bologna Zool. (Mesola) + IAM Friuli V.G. + IAF Roma (Castelfusano) + IAR Sicilia + IAL • Latvia Riga LVR formerly SUR • Lithuania Universite Kaunas Lithuanie (1930-1950) + LIU Kaunas (Mus Zool Kaunas Lithuania) LIK formerly SUK • Macedonia Skopje MKS Malta Valletta MLV Netherlands Arnhem NLA Leiden x NLL

All ringing in the Netherlands (starting 1911) is scheme NLA. The scheme “Leiden, NLL” is only used to distinguish a few series identical ringnumbers, used before 1950, from NLA rings.

Norway Stavanger NOS Oslo Museum + NOO Oslo Univ. + NOU Ås + NOA Zoolog. Museum Kristiania + NOK Tromsø Museum + NOT Poland Gdansk / Varsovia PLG Tschammendorf + PLT Wolin + PLW Portugal Lisboa POL Porto + POP Romania Bucarest ROB Oradea + (1957-1958) ROO Oficiul Vanatorilor Regale Sibiu + ROS • Russian Federation Moskwa RUM formerly SUM • St. Petersburg RUP • Serbia, Republic of Belgrade RSB formerly YUB • Slovakia Bratislava SKB formerly CSP • Slovenia Ljubljana SLL Spain Madrid (SEO) + ESM San Sebastian (Aranzadi) ESA Sevilla (Biol. Doñana) + ESE Madrid (ICONA) ESI Sweden Stockholm Museum, from 196Ø onwards SVS Stockholm Jager + SVJ Stockholm Ornis + SVO Stockholm Skansen + SVN Göteborg + SVG Stockholm Museum, before 196Ø + SVR Lund + (Ekologihuset) SVX Olov Larsson + SVL Switzerland Sempach HES


• Turkey Ankara, University (ODTU KAD ANK TURKEY) TUA UK & Ireland London (British Museum/Thetford) GBT Witherby + GBY Aberdeen (Landsborough Thomson) + GBB Aberdeen (Grouse study) + GBG Fordingbridge + GBD Orielton + GBR W.A.G.B.I. GBW London, National Institute Oceanography + GBO • Ukraine Kiev UKK Charkov + (Ukrain hunters and fishers union) UKC USSR Moskwa x SUM now RUM Kaunas x SUK now LIK Leningrad + SUL Riga x SUR now LVR Matsalu/Tartu x SUE now ETM Yugoslavia Beograd x YUB now RSB Zagreb x YUZ now HRZ Ljubljana x YUL now SLL


B. The current European schemes listed in order of Country. Country Scheme Code ---------- ----------- ------- Albania Tirana ABT Belarus Minsk BYM Belgium Bruxelles or Brussels BLB Bulgaria Sofia BGS Channel Islands Jersey CIJ Croatia (Hrvatska) Zagreb (Ornit. Inst.) HRZ formerly YUZ Cyprus Nicosia CYC Cyprus, North Kuskor CYK Czech Republic Praha CZP formerly CSP Denmark Copenhagen DKC Estonia Matsalu ETM formerly SUE Finland Helsinki Museum SFH France Paris FRP Strasbourg FRS Germany Wilhelmshaven (Helgoland) DEW formerly DFH Hiddensee DEH formerly DDH Radolfzell DER formerly DFR Greece Athens GRA Hungary Budapest HGB Iceland Reykjavik ISR Italy Bologna Ozzano (BO) IAB Latvia Riga LVR formerly SUR Lithuania Kaunas (Zool. Mus.) LIK formerly SUK Macedonia Skopje MKS Malta Valletta MLV Netherlands Arnhem NLA Norway Stavanger NOS Poland Gdansk / Varsovia PLG Portugal Lisboa POL Romania Bucarest ROB Russian Federation Moskwa RUM formerly SUM St. Petersburg RUP Serbia, Republic of Belgrade RSB formerly YUB Slovakia Bratislava SKB formerly CSP Slovenia Ljubljana SLL Spain Madrid (SEO) ESM San Sebastian (Aranzadi) ESA Sevilla (Biol. Doñana) ESE Madrid (ICONA) ESI Sweden Stockholm Museum, from 196Ø onwards SVS Switzerland Sempach HES Turkey Ankara, University (ODTU KAD ANK TURKEY) TUA UK & Ireland London (British Museum/Thetford) GBT W.A.G.B.I. GBW Ukraine Kiev UKK


C. Non-European schemes in order of Country. Angola Luanda ALL Australia Canberra AAC Brazil Brasilia BAB Canada Washington NAW China Beijing CPB Egypt Cairo EGC Ghana Legon GHL Hong Kong Hong Kong CGH + India Bombay INB Iraq Bagdad Univ. IQB Iran Teheran IPT Israel Tel-Aviv Univ. ILT Israel Hebr. University Jerusalem ILJ + Japan Yamashina Inst. O.Z. JHY Jordan Zarqa JOZ • Kazakhstan Almaty KZA Kenya Nairobi GPN Lebanon Beirut (on the ring is ‘LIBAN’) LEB • Malaysia Kuala Lumpur FVK New Zealand Wellington AJW Nigeria Jos NVJ + Pakistan Lahore PNL + Philippines … OE. + USA Washington NAW Saudi Arabia Rhyiad ARR South Africa Pretoria/Cape Town FPP South Korea Korea TXS Taiwan Taipei CXT Tunisia Tunis TOT + Turkey Ankara TUA Zaire Congo ZIC + Zambia Zambia ZMZ +


D. All known schemes listed in order of Code. All know schemes are listed here, including extinct, changed etc., current schemes are printed bold. Code Country Scheme ------- ----------- ------------ AAC Australia Canberra ABT Albania Tirana AJW New Zealand Wellington ALL Angola Luanda ARR Saudi Arabia Rhyiad AUS Austria Salzburg + BAB Brazil Brasilia BGS Bulgaria Sofia BLB Belgium Bruxelles or Brussels BLC Belgium Cogels + BLN Belgium N.F.B.V.V. + BYM Belarus Minsk CGH Hong Kong Hong Kong + CIJ Channel Islands Jersey CPB China Beijing CSB Czech Republic Brno Akademia Ved. + CSL Czech Republic Prag Lotos + CSP Czech Republic Praha x (now CZP) CXT Taiwan Taipei CZP Czech Republic Praha CZB Czech Republic Zoo Praha Bohemia + CYC Cyprus Nicosia CYK Cyprus, North Girne DDH Germany Hiddensee x (now DEH) DEH Germany Hiddensee DEN Germany Zoo Neurenberg + DER Germany Radolfzell DEW Germany Wilhelmshaven (Helgoland) DEZ Germany Zoolog. Station Helgoland + DFH Germany Wilhelmshaven (Helgoland) x (now DEW) DFR Germany Radolfzell / Rossiten x (now DER) DFS Germany Radolfzell Süddeutsche Vogelwarte + DKC Denmark Copenhagen DKF Denmark Frederikssund + DKH Denmark Hellerup + DKK Denmark Kalø + DKM Denmark Viborg Mortensen + DKO Denmark Odense + DKV Denmark Viborg Skovgaard + EGC Egypt Cairo ESA Spain San Sebastian (Aranzadi) ESE Spain Sevilla (Biol. Doñana) ESI Spain Madrid (ICONA) ESM Spain Madrid (SEO) ETK Estonia Kielkond-Russia + ETM Estonia Matsalu ETT Estonia Tartu Universitas + FPP South Africa Pretoria FRP France Paris FRS France Strasbourg FRV France Versailles + FVK Malaysia Kuala Lumpur GBB UK Aberdeen (Landsborough Thomson) + GBD UK Fordingbridge + GBG UK Aberdeen (Grouse study) + GBO UK London, National Institute Oceanography + GBR UK Orielton + GBT UK & Ireland London (British Museum / Tring / Thetford) GBW UK W.A.G.B.I. GBY UK Witherby + GHL Ghana Legon GPN Kenya Nairobi GRA Greece Athens


HES Switzerland Sempach HGB Hungary Budapest HGM Hungary Budapest Museum + HRZ Croatia Zagreb (Ornit. Inst.) IAA Italy Bologna Ancona + IAB Italy Bologna Ozzano (BO) IAF Italy Friuli V.G. + IAG Italy Bologna Genova + IAL Italy Sicilia + IAM Italy Bologna Zool. (Mesola) + IAO Italy Bologna Sardo (Sardinia) + IAR Italy Roma (Castelfusano) + IAV Italy Bologna Univ. (Garda Lake) + IAY Italy Bologna Pisa + ILJ Israel Hebr. University Jerusalem + ILT Israel Tel-Aviv Univ. INB India Bombay IPT Iran Teheran IQB Iraq Bagdad Univ. ISR Iceland Reykjavik JHY Japan Yamashina Inst. O.Z. JOZ Jordan Zarqa KZA Kazakhstan Almaty LEB Lebanon Beirut (on the ring is ‘LIBAN’) • LIK Lithuania Kaunas (Zool. Mus.) LIU Lithuania Kaunas (Universite) + LVR Latvia Riga MKS Macedonia Skopje MLV Malta Valletta NAW USA + Canada Washington NLA Netherlands Arnhem NLL Netherlands Leiden x NOA Norway Ås + NOK Norway Zoolog. Museum Kristiania + NOO Norway Oslo Museum + NOS Norway Stavanger NOT Norway Tromsø Museum + NOU Norway Oslo Univ. + NVJ Nigeria Jos OE. Philippines … + PLG Poland Gdansk / Varsovia PLT Poland Tschammendorf + PLW Poland Wolin + PNL Pakistan Lahore + POL Portugal Lisboa POP Portugal Porto + ROB Romania Bucarest ROO Romania Oradea + ROS Romania Oficiul Vanatorilor Regale Sibiu + RSB Serbia, Republic of Belgrade RUM Russian Federation Moskwa RUP Russian Federation St. Petersburg SFH Finland Helsinki Museum SFP Finland Helsingfors + SFR Finland Helsinki Riista + SKB Slovakia Bratislava SLL Slovenia Ljubljana SUE USSR Matsalu / Tartu x (now ETM) SUK USSR Kaunas x (now LIK) SUL USSR Leningrad + SUM USSR Moskwa x (now RUM) SUR USSR Riga x (now LVR) SVG Sweden Göteborg + SVJ Sweden Stockholm Jager + SVL Sweden Olov Larsson + SVN Sweden Stockholm Skansen + SVO Sweden Stockholm Ornis + SVR Sweden Stockholm Museum, before 196Ø + SVS Sweden Stockholm Museum SVX Sweden Stockholm Olov Larsson +


TOT Tunisia Tunis + TUA Turkey Ankara TXS South Korea Korea UKK Ukraine Kiev UKC Ukraine Charkov + (Ukrain fishers and hunters union) YUB Yugoslavia Beograd x (now RSB) YUL Yugoslavia Ljubljana x (now SLL) YUZ Yugoslavia Zagreb x (now HRZ) ZIC Zaire Congo + ZMZ Zambia Zambia +


PRIMARY IDENTIFICATION METHOD alphanumeric, two columns (4 - 5) This field is to denote the primary method used to identify a bird. Where a metal ring is present, this will always be the primary identification method, regardless of what other marks are placed on the bird. With the development of new technology it is likely that, in the future, some birds may be marked by other methods (eg transponders) and will not have metal rings attached. This field anticipates that future need. At present, it is anticipated that the primary identification marker will be a metal ring. When a bird is only marked with another method than the metal ring (primary identification method # AØ), and on a next catch a metal ring is added, the primary identification method must be changed to AØ and also on previous records of this bird. The code in this field will be the same on any capture of a bird. It will not change if a secondary marker is added to a bird. It is essential that a bird is identified by the same method and number throughout its life. At present, if a bird is re-ringed, the number of the first ring is retained as the birds identifier. This allows any record for an individual to be easily linked together. In the same way if, in the future, the primary identifier is changed, that bird will continue to be identified by the first identifier it had. AØ Metal ring. BØ Coloured or numbered legring(s). CØ Coloured or numbered neckring(s). DØ Wingtags. EØ Radio tracking device. FØ Satellite tracking device. GØ Transponder. HØ Nasal mark(s). RØ Flight feather(s) stamped with a number. TØ Body- or wing painting.


IDENTIFICATION NUMBER alphanumeric, ten columns (6 - 15) 1. Ring number, consisting of up to ten figures and/or letters, to be coded directly into the ten

columns. Where the ring number consist of less than ten figures/letters the additional columns to be coded as follows:

All figures Right adjusted. 12345

Ø1234567 …..12345 ..Ø1234567

Letters / figures Letters left adjusted. Figures right adjusted.

A1234 AB6789

A…..1234 AB….6789

Figures / letters / figures

Letters and preceding figures left adjusted. Other figures right adjusted.

1A2345 23E456 1AB4567

1A….2345 23E….456 1AB…4567

Figures / letters Right adjusted. 12345X 56789AB

….12345X …56789AB

Letters / figures / letters / figures

Always insert the dots left of the rightmost row of figures

B1A2345 F234Z567

B1A...2345 F234Z..567

2. The figure Ø (zero) is only to be typed where it actually appears on a ring number. 3. When part of the ring number is unknown (worn ring, incomplete number reported etc.) the

missing parts of the ring number are to be typed ‘-‘. Thus if the 5 has worn of a ring AB12345 (or the number is covered by an overlap) it should be coded as AB…1234-

4. Every recovery of any individual bird should ALWAYS have the original ring number placed on that bird as the number coded here. This applies through all subsequent replacements of the ring, whether by the scheme originally ringing the bird or by any other scheme.

5. If a metal ring is added on first capture the identification number will always be the metal ring number. If a bird is not metal ringed on first capture but is identified in another way (primary identification method # AØ), a unique number relating to that bird must be entered in this field. That unique number is representing a not-present-metal-ring-number. It must be a unique number because this identification number is unique for database reasons. That unique number must be allotted by the national scheme. It is recommended to start that unique number with the characters “NMR” (meaning “not a metal ring”) and then followed by seven numbers. For example: NMRØØØØØØ1. It is recommended that the Scheme and ringer agree this unique number that will be used to identify the bird throughout its life.


VERIFICATION OF THE METAL RING numeric, one column (16) Ø Ring NOT verified by scheme. 1 Ring verified by scheme. NOTE 1. Ring verification may be by the ring being sent or a photograph, photocopy, rubbing or carbon copy being available. Records should also be marked as verified if the ring has been seen by the ringing scheme but subsequently returned to the finder. NOTE 2. On the ringing data code this field as: Ø = Ring not verified by the scheme.


METAL RING INFORMATION numeric, one column (17) Ø Metal ring is not present. 1 Metal ring added (where no metal ring was present), position (on tarsus or above) unknown. 2 Metal ring added (where no metal ring was present), definitely on tarsus. 3 Metal ring added (where no metal ring was present), definitely above tarsus. 4 Metal ring is already present. 5 Metal ring changed. 6 Metal ring removed. 7 Metal ring added, where already a metal ring was present. N.B. within EURING there is an

explicit agreement that ringers must not add a metal ring when one is already present (except in circumstances where the existing ring needs to be replaced because of wear).


OTHER MARKS INFORMATION (not a conventional metal ring) alphabetic, 2 columns (18 - 19) ZZ No other marks present or not known to be present. Permanent marks: BB Coloured or numbered leg-ring(s) or flags added. BC Coloured or numbered leg-ring(s) or flags already present. BD Coloured or numbered leg-ring(s) or flags removed. BE Coloured or numbered leg-ring(s) or flags changed.

CB Coloured or numbered neck-ring(s) added. CC Coloured or numbered neck-ring(s) already present. CD Coloured or numbered neck-ring(s) removed. CE Coloured or numbered neck-ring(s) changed.

DB Coloured or numbered wingtag(s) added. DC Coloured or numbered wingtag(s) already present. DD Coloured or numbered wingtag(s) removed. DE Coloured or numbered wingtag(s) changed.

EB Radio-tracking device added. EC Radio-tracking device already present. ED Radio-tracking device removed. EE Radio-tracking device changed.

FB Satellite-tracking device added. FC Satellite-tracking device already present. FD Satellite-tracking device removed. FE Satellite-tracking device changed.

GB Transponder added. GC Transponder already present. GD Transponder removed. GE Transponder changed.

HB Nasal mark(s) added. HC Nasal mark(s) already present. HD Nasal mark(s) removed. HE Nasal mark(s) changed. Temporary marks: RB Flight feathers stamped with the ring number: mark added. RC Flight feathers stamped with the ring number: mark already present. RD Flight feathers stamped with the ring number: mark removed. RE Flight feathers stamped with the ring number: mark changed.

SB Tape on the ring: added. SC Tape on the ring: already present. SD Tape on the ring: removed.


SE Tape on the ring: changed.

TB Dye mark added. TC Dye mark already present. TD Dye mark removed. TE Dye mark changed. Others: MM More than one mark present. OM Other mark(s) present. OP Other permanent mark(s) present. OT Other temporary mark(s) present.


SPECIES and SUBSPECIES, as mentioned by the person who handled the bird. numeric, five columns (2Ø - 24) Columns 2Ø-23 identify the species and column 24 the subspecies. The purely numeric code for species is derived from the sequential numbering of: Voous K.H. 1977. List of Recent Holarctic Bird Species. Published for The British Ornithologists' Union by Academic Press. Sub-species have been derived from the two volumes by: Vaurie C. 1959. The Birds of the Palearctic Fauna, Passeriformes. H.F. & G. Witherby, London. Vaurie C. 1965. The Birds of the Palearctic Fauna, Non-Passeriformes. H.F. & G. Witherby, London. Exact spelling of scientific birdnames is according to 1) Voous and 2) Vaurie. NOTE 1. Column 24 (sub-specific determination) should be used only where the bird has been recognized by the ringer (or finder) as being of the particular subspecies given and not simply allotted to a particular subspecies because of the place or date of capture. NOTE 2. Because sometimes birds do fly beyond their known range, because opinions about taxonomy change now and then, and because birdringers do travel outside the holarctic area, this list of birds has to be enlarge regularly. Creating this version of the EURING code started the discussion about the need of a recent bird world-list. Some time was spend on that subject but the decision was made to postpone the implementation of such a list. A bird species is not always and forever a bird species. Scientists gather new information, and now and then one species becomes two species or two species become one species. Scientists disagree on lumping and splitting. As a result, lists of bird species may consist of from 9200 to 10100 species of birds of the world. Another consequence of new information is that the zoological, Latin, name of a bird changes when the bird is considered to belong to another genus than before. Another exciting thing is the discovery of birds new to science. There is no such thing as the world listing of bird species. The three recently most known lists [Clements (2000), Howard & Moore (2003) and Sibley & Monroe (1990)] differ greatly on number and sequence of families. The list (and the spelling of birdnames) presented here is still based on 1) Voous and 2) Vaurie. Any addition to this list is, when possible, based on 1) Voous and 2) Vaurie. NOTE 3. There are countless numbers of hybrids and intermediates. It’s impossible to give them all an individual code-number. The EURINGcode does treat them all the same: 24998: hybrids or intermediates. But at the end of the year 2007 the ringing of a Pleskes Tit (and the loss of information when coding it as 24998) was the reason to introduce a few codes for hybrids (code 90000 and above). NOTE 4. As mentioned above: when enlarging this species-list EURING does follow Voous (1977) and Vaurie (1959, 1965), but when those two doesn’t give the solution, help is found in:

• Clements F.F. 2000. Birds of the World. A Checklist. Ibis Publishing Compagny, Vista, CA, USA. ISBN 0-934797-16-1.

• Howard R. & Moore A. 2003. Complete checklist of the Birds of the World. 3e Edition. London, Helm. ISBN 0-7136-6536-X.

• Sibley C.G. & Monroe B.L. 1990. Distribution and Taxonomy of Birds of the World. New Haven, Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-04969-2.


• Sibley C.G. & Monroe B.L. 1993. A Supplement to Distribution and Taxonomy of Birds of the World. New Haven, Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-05549-8.

• Wells M.G. 1998. World Bird Species Checklist. Worldlist, Bushey, UK. ISBN 0-9532420-0-5.

NOTE 5. In May 2ØØ8 a more specific subdivision has been made: ØØØØØ - 49999: reserved for Euring bird species; 5ØØØØ - 5Ø63Ø: European bats 5Ø64Ø - 59999: for the time being: reserved for a world list of bats 6ØØØØ - 64999: sea-mammals world list 65ØØØ - 69999: reserved for personal use (schemes or others) 7ØØØØ - 79999: reserved 8ØØØØ - 89999: reserved 9ØØØØ - 9Ø162: Euring bird species: hybrids and intermediates 9Ø163 - 94999: reserved for Euring bird species: hybrids and intermediates 95ØØØ - 99998: reserved 99999: ring destroyed or lost NOTE 6. Columns 2Ø-23 identify the species and column 24 the subspecies. BUT not when column 24 has a ‘9’. In that case a group is mentioned (Ardea sp., Larus sp.). Remark. Do you want to code a bird and it’s not in the list: e-mail your request to: [email protected]

---------- SPECIES and SUBSPECIES, as concluded by the scheme. numeric, five columns (25 - 29) Coding this field is the same as in the previous field. NOTE. The importance of this field is to confirm if the Scheme considers the species, given by the person who handled the bird, is correct or not.



Species in alphabetic order: 24997 Cage & exotic birds 24998 Hybrids & intermediates 99999 Ring destroyed or lost 24995 Species not accepted ØØØØØ Species unknown Ø2749 Accipiter sp. 12549 Acrocephalus sp. Ø9799 Alauda sp. Ø1949 Anas sp. Ø1659 Anser spp. 1Ø159 Anthus spp. Ø8ØØ9 Apus spp. Ø2979 Aquila sp. Ø1259 Ardea sp. Ø2Ø59 Aythya sp. Ø6429 Brachyramphus sp. Ø1699 Branta sp. Ø2919 Buteo spp. Ø5129 Calidris spp. Ø7839 Caprimulgus spp. 16649 Carduelis spp. Ø64Ø9 Cepphus spp. Ø4839 Charadrius sp. Ø6289 Chlidonias sp. Ø1349 Ciconia sp. Ø2649 Circus sp. Ø6829 Columba sp. 15749 Corvus sp. Ø1559 Cygnus sp. Ø8979 Dendrocopos sp. Ø1219 Egretta sp. 18819 Emberiza sp. 2Ø439 Estrilda sp. Ø3219 Falco sp. 16389 Fringilla sp. Ø9739 Galerida sp. ØØØ59 Gavia sp. Ø4689 Glareola sp. Ø44Ø9 Grus sp. 126Ø9 Hippolais sp. 1ØØ19 Hirundinidae 15249 Lanius sp. Ø6ØØ9 Larus sp. Ø5659 Limicolae 12399 Locustella sp. 2Ø459 Lonchura sp. 16689 Loxia sp. 11129 Luscinia sp. Ø2239 Mergus sp. Ø2399 Milvus sp. 1Ø239 Motacilla sp. 13369 Muscicapa sp. Ø5439 Numenius sp. ØØ639 Oceanodroma sp. 11589 Oenanthe sp. 14669 Parus sp. 16ØØ9 Passer sp. ØØ919 Pelecanus sp. Ø3699 Perdix sp. ØØ849 Phalacrocorax sp. 11289 Phoenicurus sp. 13129 Phylloscopus sp. ØØ129 Podiceps sp. Ø4169 Porzana sp. 1Ø949 Prunella sp. ØØ499 Puffinus sp. 13169 Regulus sp. 99999 Ring destroyed or lost 11429 Saxicola sp. Ø2Ø89 Somateria sp. Ø57Ø9 Stercorarius sp. Ø6259 Sterna sp. Ø6919 Streptopelia sp. Ø7719 Strigidae Ø7669 Strix sp. 15859 Sturnus sp. 12779 Sylvia sp. 12Ø69 Turdus sp. Ø6359 Uria sp. 15Ø49 Zosterops sp. 9ØØ1Ø Ø16ØØ x Ø167Ø (A.e. x B.l., sex of parents unknown)

9ØØ11 Ø16ØØ x Ø167Ø (A.e.male x B.l.female) 9ØØ2Ø Ø161Ø x Ø166Ø (A.a. x B.c., sex of parents unknown) 9ØØ21 Ø161Ø x Ø166Ø (A.a.male x B.c.female) 9ØØ3Ø Ø162Ø x Ø167Ø (A.i. x B.l., sex of parents unknown) 9ØØ31 Ø162Ø x Ø167Ø (A.i.male x B.l.female) 9ØØ22 Ø166Ø x Ø161Ø (B.c.male x A.a.female) 9ØØ4Ø Ø166Ø x Ø167Ø (B.c. x B.l., sex of parents unknown) 9ØØ41 Ø166Ø x Ø167Ø (B.c.male x B.l.female) 9ØØ12 Ø167Ø x Ø16ØØ (B.l.male x A.e.female) 9ØØ32 Ø167Ø x Ø162Ø (B.l.male x A.i.female) 9ØØ42 Ø167Ø x Ø166Ø (B.l.male x B.c.female) 9ØØ5Ø Ø186Ø x domesticated duck (A.p. x 'domesticus', sex of paren 9ØØ51 Ø186Ø x domesticated duck (A.p.male x 'domesticus' female) 9ØØ6Ø Ø32ØØ Falco peregrinus hybrid 9ØØ7Ø Ø332Ø x Ø335Ø (T.t. x T.u., sex of parents unknown) 9ØØ71 Ø332Ø x Ø335Ø (T.t.male x T.u.female) 9ØØ72 Ø335Ø x Ø332Ø (T.u.male x T.t.female) 9ØØ9Ø Ø592Ø x Ø5927 (L.a. x L.a.c., sex of parents unknown) 9ØØ91 Ø592Ø x Ø5927 (L.a.male x L.a.c.female) 9ØØ8Ø Ø592Ø x Ø599Ø Nelson's Gull (L.a. x L.h., sex of parents unk 9ØØ81 Ø592Ø x Ø599Ø Nelson's Gull (L.a.male x L.h.female) 9ØØ92 Ø5927 x Ø592Ø (L.a.c.male x L.a.female) 9ØØ82 Ø599Ø x Ø592Ø Nelson's Gull (L.h.male x L.a.female) 9Ø1ØØ Ø992Ø x 1ØØ1Ø (H.r. x D.u., sex of parents unknown) 9Ø1Ø1 Ø992Ø x 1ØØ1Ø (H.r.male x D.u.female) 9Ø1Ø2 1ØØ1Ø x Ø992Ø (D.u.male x H.r.female) 9Ø11Ø 1121Ø x 1122Ø (P.o. x P.p., sex of parents unknown) 9Ø111 1121Ø x 1122Ø (P.o.male x P.p.female) 9Ø112 1122Ø x 1121Ø (P.p.male x P.o.female) 9Ø12Ø 1251Ø x 1253Ø (A.s. x A.a., sex of parents unknown) 9Ø121 1251Ø x 1253Ø (A.s.male x A.a.female) 9Ø122 1253Ø x 1251Ø (A.a.male x A.s.female) 9Ø14Ø 1348Ø x 1349Ø (F.a. x F.h., sex of parents unknown) 9Ø141 1348Ø x 1349Ø (F.a.male x F.h.female) 9Ø142 1349Ø x 1348Ø (F.h.male x F.a.female) 9Ø151 1462Ø x 1453Ø Pleske's Tit (P.ca.male x P.cy.female) 9Ø15Ø 1462Ø x 1463Ø Pleske's Tit (P.ca. x P.cy., sex of parents un 9Ø152 1463Ø x 1462Ø Pleske's Tit (P.cy.male x P.ca.female) 9Ø16Ø 1654Ø Carduelis spinus hybrid 1279Ø Abroscopus albogularis 128ØØ Abroscopus schisticeps Ø272Ø Accipiter badius Ø273Ø Accipiter brevipes 3ØØ1Ø Accipiter castanilius Ø274Ø Accipiter cooperii 3ØØ2Ø Accipiter erythropus Ø267Ø Accipiter gentilis 3ØØ3Ø Accipiter melanoleucus Ø269Ø Accipiter nisus Ø2692 Accipiter nisus nisosimilis 3ØØ4Ø Accipiter ovampensis Ø271Ø Accipiter soloensis Ø2749 Accipiter sp. Ø27ØØ Accipiter striatus 232ØØ Accipiter tachiro Ø268Ø Accipiter virgatus 1589Ø Acridotheres cristatellus 1588Ø Acridotheres ginginianus 1587Ø Acridotheres tristis 1254Ø Acrocephalus aedon 1247Ø Acrocephalus agricola 1253Ø Acrocephalus arundinaceus 12531 Acrocephalus arundinaceus arundinaceus 12532 Acrocephalus arundinaceus griseldis 2Ø9ØØ Acrocephalus baeticatus 1245Ø Acrocephalus bistrigiceps 1249Ø Acrocephalus brevipennis 1246Ø Acrocephalus concinens

1248Ø Acrocephalus dumetorum 3ØØ5Ø Acrocephalus gracilirostris 1241Ø Acrocephalus melanopogon 12411 Acrocephalus melanopogon melanopogon 1242Ø Acrocephalus paludicola 125ØØ Acrocephalus palustris 3ØØ6Ø Acrocephalus rufescens 1243Ø Acrocephalus schoenobaenus 1251Ø Acrocephalus scirpaceus 12512 Acrocephalus scirpaceus fuscus 12511 Acrocephalus scirpaceus scirpaceus 1244Ø Acrocephalus sorgophilus 12549 Acrocephalus sp. 1252Ø Acrocephalus stentoreus 1412Ø Actinodura nipalensis Ø556Ø Actitis hypoleucos Ø557Ø Actitis macularia 3ØØ7Ø Actophilornis africanus ØØ13Ø Aechmophorus occidentalis 1437Ø Aegithalos caudatus 14371 Aegithalos caudatus caudatus 14374 Aegithalos caudatus europaeus 14373 Aegithalos caudatus japonicus 14375 Aegithalos caudatus rosaceus 14372 Aegithalos caudatus sibiricus 1436Ø Aegithalos concinnus 1432Ø Aegithalos fuliginosus 1433Ø Aegithalos iouschistos 1435Ø Aegithalos leucogenys 1434Ø Aegithalos niveogularis Ø771Ø Aegolius acadicus Ø77ØØ Aegolius funereus Ø255Ø Aegypius monachus 3ØØ8Ø Aenigmatolimnas marginalis Ø8Ø1Ø Aeronautes saxatilis Ø649Ø Aethia cristatella Ø651Ø Aethia pusilla Ø65ØØ Aethia pygmaea 1496Ø Aethopyga gouldiae 1498Ø Aethopyga ignicauda 1497Ø Aethopyga nipalensis 3ØØ9Ø Agapornis pullarius 2672Ø Agelaius cyanopus 191ØØ Agelaius humeralis 19Ø9Ø Agelaius phoeniceus 19Ø8Ø Agelaius tricolor 3Ø1ØØ Agelastes niger 1811Ø Aimophila aestivalis 18Ø7Ø Aimophila belli 18Ø6Ø Aimophila bilineata 18Ø9Ø Aimophila botterii 1813Ø Aimophila carpalis 181ØØ Aimophila cassinii 18Ø8Ø Aimophila mystacalis 1812Ø Aimophila quinquestriata 1815Ø Aimophila rufescens 1814Ø Aimophila ruficeps Ø178Ø Aix galericulata Ø177Ø Aix sponsa Ø958Ø Alaemon alaudipes Ø976Ø Alauda arvensis Ø975Ø Alauda gulgula Ø977Ø Alauda razae Ø9799 Alauda sp. Ø636Ø Alca torda Ø831Ø Alcedo atthis 3Ø11Ø Alcedo coerulescens 3Ø12Ø Alcedo cristata 3Ø13Ø Alcedo leucogaster 3Ø14Ø Alcedo quadribrachys 1423Ø Alcippe brunnea 1418Ø Alcippe castaneceps 1416Ø Alcippe chrysotis 1417Ø Alcippe cinerea 1422Ø Alcippe cinereiceps 1424Ø Alcippe morrisonia 1421Ø Alcippe ruficapilla 142ØØ Alcippe striaticollis 1419Ø Alcippe vinipectus Ø359Ø Alectoris barbara Ø355Ø Alectoris chukar Ø357Ø Alectoris graeca Ø356Ø Alectoris magna Ø361Ø Alectoris melanocephala Ø36ØØ Alectoris philbyi Ø358Ø Alectoris rufa


3Ø15Ø Alethe diademata Ø647Ø Alle alle Ø17ØØ Alopochen aegyptiacus 3Ø16Ø Amadina fasciata 2Ø25Ø Amandava amandava 1617Ø Amandava subflava Ø422Ø Amaurornis akool 2646Ø Amaurornis flavirostris Ø423Ø Amaurornis phoenicurus Ø8Ø7Ø Amazilia beryllina Ø8Ø9Ø Amazilia tzacatl Ø81ØØ Amazilia violiceps Ø8Ø8Ø Amazilia yucatanensis Ø711Ø Amazona leucocephala 2669Ø Amazona oratrix 3Ø17Ø Amblyospiza albifrons 1832Ø Ammodramus baileyi 1827Ø Ammodramus bairdii 183ØØ Ammodramus caudacutus 1833Ø Ammodramus henslowii 2673Ø Ammodramus humeralis 1829Ø Ammodramus leconteii 1831Ø Ammodramus maritimus 1826Ø Ammodramus sandwichensis 1828Ø Ammodramus savannarum Ø955Ø Ammomanes cincturus Ø957Ø Ammomanes deserti Ø956Ø Ammomanes phoenicurus Ø362Ø Ammoperdix griseogularis Ø363Ø Ammoperdix heyi 3Ø18Ø Anaplectes rubriceps Ø189Ø Anas acuta Ø18ØØ Anas americana Ø19ØØ Anas bahamensis 28Ø3Ø Anas bernieri Ø185Ø Anas capensis Ø194Ø Anas clypeata Ø184Ø Anas crecca Ø1842 Anas crecca carolinensis 2657Ø Anas crecca carolinensis (=Ø1842) Ø1841 Anas crecca crecca Ø1843 Anas crecca nimia Ø193Ø Anas cyanoptera Ø192Ø Anas discors 28ØØØ Anas erythrorhyncha Ø181Ø Anas falcata Ø183Ø Anas formosa 2777Ø Anas georgica 27771 Anas georgica georgica 27772 Anas georgica spinicauda 3Ø19Ø Anas hottentota Ø179Ø Anas penelope Ø186Ø Anas platyrhynchos Ø188Ø Anas poecilorhyncha Ø191Ø Anas querquedula Ø187Ø Anas rubripes Ø1949 Anas sp. 3Ø2ØØ Anas sparsa Ø182Ø Anas strepera 3Ø21Ø Anas undulata 3Ø22Ø Anastomus lamelligerus Ø13ØØ Anastomus oscitans 3Ø23Ø Andropadus ansorgei 235ØØ Andropadus curvirostris 3Ø24Ø Andropadus gracilirostris 3Ø25Ø Andropadus gracilis 21ØØØ Andropadus importunus 236ØØ Andropadus latirostris (= Stelgidocichla latirostris) 3Ø26Ø Andropadus montanus 3Ø27Ø Andropadus tephrolaemus 234ØØ Andropadus virens (= Eurillas virens) ØØ85Ø Anhinga anhinga ØØ86Ø Anhinga melanogaster 3Ø28Ø Anhinga rufa 3Ø29Ø Anomalospiza imberbis 3Ø3ØØ Anous minutus Ø63ØØ Anous stolidus Ø629Ø Anous tenuirostris Ø159Ø Anser albifrons Ø1591 Anser albifrons albifrons Ø1592 Anser albifrons flavirostris Ø161Ø Anser anser Ø158Ø Anser brachyrhynchus Ø163Ø Anser caerulescens Ø1632 Anser caerulescens atlanticus

Ø1631 Anser caerulescens caerulescens Ø165Ø Anser canagicus Ø156Ø Anser cygnoides Ø16ØØ Anser erythropus Ø157Ø Anser fabalis Ø1571 Anser fabalis fabalis Ø1572 Anser fabalis jonanseni Ø1573 Anser fabalis neglecticus Ø1574 Anser fabalis rossicus Ø162Ø Anser indicus Ø164Ø Anser rossii Ø1659 Anser spp. 3Ø31Ø Anthoscopus flavifrons 3Ø32Ø Anthoscopus parvulus 3Ø33Ø Anthoscopus punctifrons 251ØØ Anthreptes collaris 3Ø34Ø Anthreptes fraseri 3Ø35Ø Anthreptes gabonicus 3Ø36Ø Anthreptes longuemarei 1492Ø Anthreptes metallicus 1491Ø Anthreptes platurus 3Ø37Ø Anthreptes rectirostris Ø441Ø Anthropoides virgo 2778Ø Anthus antarcticus 1ØØ6Ø Anthus berthelotii 1ØØ5Ø Anthus campestris 1Ø12Ø Anthus cervinus 3Ø38Ø Anthus cinnamomeus 1ØØ4Ø Anthus godlewskii 1Ø1ØØ Anthus gustavi 2674Ø Anthus hellmayri 1ØØ8Ø Anthus hodgsoni 3Ø39Ø Anthus leucophrys 1Ø11Ø Anthus pratensis 1ØØ2Ø Anthus richardi 1Ø13Ø Anthus roseatus 1ØØ7Ø Anthus similis 1Ø14Ø Anthus spinoletta 1Ø143 Anthus spinoletta littoralis 1Ø142 Anthus spinoletta petrosus 1Ø144 Anthus spinoletta rubescens 1Ø141 Anthus spinoletta spinoletta 1Ø159 Anthus spp. 1Ø15Ø Anthus spragueii 1ØØ3Ø Anthus sylvanus 1ØØ9Ø Anthus trivialis 28Ø2Ø Anumbius annumbi 3Ø4ØØ Apalis cinerea 3Ø41Ø Apalis flavida 3Ø42Ø Apalis jacksoni 3Ø43Ø Apalis nigriceps 3Ø44Ø Apalis pulchra 3Ø45Ø Apalis rufogularis 3Ø46Ø Apaloderma aequatoriale 3Ø47Ø Apaloderma narina 3Ø48Ø Apaloderma vittatum 15Ø5Ø Apalopteron familiare 1537Ø Aphelocoma coerulescens 1536Ø Aphelocoma ultramarina Ø494Ø Aphriza virgata 3Ø49Ø Aplopelia larvata 2776Ø Aptenodytes forsteri 2775Ø Aptenodytes patagonicus Ø8ØØØ Apus affinis Ø793Ø Apus alexandri Ø795Ø Apus apus 3Ø5ØØ Apus barbatus Ø799Ø Apus caffer 3Ø51Ø Apus horus Ø798Ø Apus melba Ø797Ø Apus pacificus Ø796Ø Apus pallidus 3Ø52Ø Apus sladeniae Ø8ØØ9 Apus spp. Ø794Ø Apus unicolor Ø296Ø Aquila chrysaetos Ø293Ø Aquila clanga Ø295Ø Aquila heliaca Ø2952 Aquila heliaca adalberti Ø2951 Aquila heliaca heliaca 3Ø53Ø Aquila nipalensis (= Ø2942 A.r.n.) Ø292Ø Aquila pomarina Ø294Ø Aquila rapax Ø2942 Aquila rapax nipalensis Ø2941 Aquila rapax rapax Ø2979 Aquila sp.

Ø297Ø Aquila verreauxii 3Ø54Ø Aquila wahlbergi Ø432Ø Aramus guarauna Ø7Ø7Ø Aratinga holochlora 2675Ø Aratinga leucophthalmus Ø375Ø Arborophila rufipectus Ø374Ø Arborophila rufogularis Ø373Ø Arborophila torqueola Ø816Ø Archilochus alexandri Ø818Ø Archilochus anna Ø815Ø Archilochus colubris Ø817Ø Archilochus costae Ø122Ø Ardea cinerea Ø125Ø Ardea goliath Ø123Ø Ardea herodias 3Ø55Ø Ardea intermedia (=Ø12ØØ E.i.) 2Ø31Ø Ardea melanocephala Ø124Ø Ardea purpurea Ø1259 Ardea sp. Ø1Ø2Ø Ardeirallus sturmii Ø11ØØ Ardeola bacchus Ø1Ø9Ø Ardeola grayii Ø1Ø8Ø Ardeola ralloides 3Ø56Ø Ardeola rufiventris Ø445Ø Ardeotis arabs Ø561Ø Arenaria interpres Ø562Ø Arenaria melanocephala 2Ø37Ø Argya fulva (= 138ØØ Turdoides fulvus) 2676Ø Arremon taciturnus 1796Ø Arremonops rufivirgatus Ø769Ø Asio capensis Ø768Ø Asio flammeus Ø767Ø Asio otus Ø871Ø Asyndesmus lewis Ø758Ø Athene brama Ø759Ø Athene cunicularia Ø757Ø Athene noctua 261ØØ Atlapetes pallidiceps 1794Ø Atlapetes pileatus 1795Ø Atlapetes torquatus Ø82ØØ Atthis heloisa 2677Ø Attila bolivianus 1489Ø Auriparus flaviceps 3Ø57Ø Aviceda cuculoides Ø2Ø5Ø Aythya affinis Ø199Ø Aythya americana Ø2Ø1Ø Aythya baeri Ø2ØØØ Aythya collaris Ø198Ø Aythya ferina Ø2Ø3Ø Aythya fuligula Ø2Ø4Ø Aythya marila Ø2Ø2Ø Aythya nyroca Ø2Ø59 Aythya sp. Ø197Ø Aythya valisineria 1383Ø Babax koslowi 1381Ø Babax lanceolatus 1382Ø Babax waddelli 9Ø13Ø Backcrossing Ficedula 3Ø58Ø Baeopogon clamans 3Ø59Ø Baeopogon indicator 3Ø6ØØ Balearica pavonina 3Ø6Ø2 Balearica pavonina ceciliae 3Ø6Ø1 Balearica pavonina pavonina 2799Ø Balearica regulorum 27992 Balearica regulorum gibbericeps 27991 Balearica regulorum regulorum Ø376Ø Bambusicola thoracica Ø544Ø Bartramia longicauda 1779Ø Basileuterus culicivorus 178ØØ Basileuterus rufifrons 3Ø61Ø Batis orientalis 3Ø62Ø Batis poensis 211ØØ Batis senegalensis 3Ø63Ø Bias flammulatus 3Ø64Ø Bias musicus 238ØØ Bleda canicapilla 3Ø65Ø Bleda eximia 3Ø66Ø Bleda syndactyla 1Ø46Ø Bombycilla cedrorum 1Ø48Ø Bombycilla garrulus 1Ø47Ø Bombycilla japonica Ø326Ø Bonasa bonasia Ø327Ø Bonasa sewerzowi Ø328Ø Bonasa umbellus 3Ø67Ø Bostrychia hagedash 3Ø68Ø Bostrychia olivacea


3Ø69Ø Bostrychia rara ØØ96Ø Botaurus lentiginosus ØØ95Ø Botaurus stellaris 1Ø98Ø Brachypteryx montana 1Ø97Ø Brachypteryx stellata Ø642Ø Brachyramphus brevirostris Ø641Ø Brachyramphus marmoratus Ø6411 Brachyramphus marmoratus marmoratus Ø6412 Brachyramphus marmoratus perdix Ø6429 Brachyramphus sp. 3Ø7ØØ Bradornis pallidus 3Ø71Ø Bradypterus baboecala 3Ø72Ø Bradypterus bangwaensis 1224Ø Bradypterus luteoventris 1222Ø Bradypterus major 1223Ø Bradypterus taczanowskius 1221Ø Bradypterus thoracicus Ø168Ø Branta bernicla Ø1681 Branta bernicla bernicla Ø1682 Branta bernicla hrota Ø1683 Branta bernicla nigricans Ø166Ø Branta canadensis Ø1665 Branta canadensis asiatica Ø1661 Branta canadensis canadensis Ø1664 Branta canadensis hutchinsii Ø1662 Branta canadensis occidentalis Ø1663 Branta canadensis parvipes Ø167Ø Branta leucopsis Ø169Ø Branta ruficollis Ø1699 Branta sp. 3Ø73Ø Bubalornis albirostris Ø745Ø Bubo africanus Ø744Ø Bubo bubo 3Ø74Ø Bubo lacteus 3Ø75Ø Bubo poensis Ø743Ø Bubo virginianus Ø111Ø Bubulcus ibis 1676Ø Bucanetes githagineus 1675Ø Bucanetes mongolicus 3Ø76Ø Buccanodon duchaillui Ø216Ø Bucephala albeola Ø218Ø Bucephala clangula Ø217Ø Bucephala islandica 3Ø77Ø Bucorvus abyssinicus ØØ34Ø Bulweria bulwerii ØØ35Ø Bulweria fallax 3Ø78Ø Buphagus africanus Ø461Ø Burhinus capensis Ø459Ø Burhinus oedicnemus Ø46ØØ Burhinus senegalensis 3Ø79Ø Burhinus vermiculatus Ø276Ø Butastur indicus 3Ø8ØØ Butastur rufipennis Ø275Ø Butastur teesa Ø284Ø Buteo albicaudatus Ø285Ø Buteo albonotatus 3Ø81Ø Buteo auguralis Ø283Ø Buteo brachyurus Ø287Ø Buteo buteo Ø2871 Buteo buteo buteo Ø2873 Buteo buteo insularum Ø2872 Buteo buteo vulpinus Ø289Ø Buteo hemilasius Ø286Ø Buteo jamaicensis Ø29ØØ Buteo lagopus Ø281Ø Buteo lineatus 2678Ø Buteo magnirostris Ø279Ø Buteo nitidus Ø28ØØ Buteo platypterus Ø291Ø Buteo regalis Ø288Ø Buteo rufinus Ø2919 Buteo spp. Ø282Ø Buteo swainsonii Ø277Ø Buteogallus anthracinus Ø1Ø7Ø Butorides striatus 2679Ø Cacicus cela 1922Ø Cacicus melanicterus Ø722Ø Cacomantis merulinus 24997 Cage & exotic birds Ø175Ø Cairina moschata 265ØØ Calamator levaillautii 1845Ø Calamospiza melanocorys Ø969Ø Calandrella acutirostris Ø968Ø Calandrella brachydactyla Ø967Ø Calandrella cinerea Ø971Ø Calandrella raytal

Ø97ØØ Calandrella rufescens Ø97Ø2 Calandrella rufescens cheleensis Ø97Ø1 Calandrella rufescens rufescens 1847Ø Calcarius lapponicus 1846Ø Calcarius mccownii 1848Ø Calcarius ornatus 1849Ø Calcarius pictus Ø5Ø8Ø Calidris acuminata Ø497Ø Calidris alba Ø512Ø Calidris alpina Ø5121 Calidris alpina alpina Ø5122 Calidris alpina arctica Ø5123 Calidris alpina schinzii Ø5128 Calidris alpina schinzii / arctica Ø5Ø6Ø Calidris bairdii Ø496Ø Calidris canutus Ø4961 Calidris canutus canutus Ø4962 Calidris canutus islandicus Ø5Ø9Ø Calidris ferruginea Ø5Ø5Ø Calidris fuscicollis Ø51ØØ Calidris maritima Ø499Ø Calidris mauri Ø5Ø7Ø Calidris melanotos Ø5Ø1Ø Calidris minuta Ø5Ø4Ø Calidris minutilla Ø511Ø Calidris ptilocnemis Ø498Ø Calidris pusilla Ø5ØØØ Calidris ruficollis Ø5129 Calidris spp. Ø5Ø3Ø Calidris subminuta Ø5Ø2Ø Calidris temminckii Ø495Ø Calidris tenuirostris 1648Ø Callacanthis burtoni Ø341Ø Callipepla californica Ø343Ø Callipepla douglasii Ø342Ø Callipepla gambelii Ø339Ø Callipepla picta Ø34ØØ Callipepla squamata Ø813Ø Calliphlox evelynae 257ØØ Callonetta leucophrys ØØ36Ø Calonectris diomedea ØØ37Ø Calonectris leucomelas Ø814Ø Calothorax lucifer 3Ø82Ø Calyptocichla serina 212ØØ Camaroptera brachyura 243ØØ Camaroptera brevicaudata 3Ø83Ø Camaroptera chloronota 3Ø84Ø Camaroptera superciliaris 3Ø85Ø Campephaga oriolina 3Ø86Ø Campephaga petiti 3Ø87Ø Campephaga phoenicea 3Ø88Ø Campephaga quiscalina Ø9Ø1Ø Campephilus imperialis Ø9ØØØ Campephilus principalis 3Ø89Ø Campethera abingoni 3Ø9ØØ Campethera cailliautii 3Ø91Ø Campethera caroli 3Ø92Ø Campethera nivosa 2652Ø Campethera punctuligera 3Ø93Ø Campethera tullbergi Ø21ØØ Camptorhynchus labradorius Ø9Ø8Ø Camptostoma imberbe 268ØØ Camptostoma obsoletum 1Ø55Ø Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus 1Ø54Ø Campylorhynchus gularis 1Ø53Ø Campylorhynchus jocosus 3Ø94Ø Canirallus oculeus Ø781Ø Caprimulgus aegyptius Ø776Ø Caprimulgus asiaticus Ø782Ø Caprimulgus carolinensis Ø774Ø Caprimulgus centralasicus 3Ø95Ø Caprimulgus climacurus Ø778Ø Caprimulgus europaeus Ø78ØØ Caprimulgus eximius Ø777Ø Caprimulgus indicus Ø772Ø Caprimulgus inornatus Ø775Ø Caprimulgus mahrattensis 3Ø96Ø Caprimulgus natalensis Ø773Ø Caprimulgus nubicus 2681Ø Caprimulgus parvulus parvulus 3Ø97Ø Caprimulgus pectoralis Ø779Ø Caprimulgus ruficollis Ø7839 Caprimulgus spp. 3Ø98Ø Caprimulgus tristigma Ø783Ø Caprimulgus vociferus 1888Ø Cardinalis cardinalis

1889Ø Cardinalis sinuatus 1774Ø Cardinella rubrifrons 1651Ø Carduelis ambigua 166ØØ Carduelis cannabina 166Ø1 Carduelis cannabina cannabina 166Ø3 Carduelis cannabina harteri 166Ø2 Carduelis cannabina meadewaldoi 166Ø4 Carduelis cannabina mediterranea 1653Ø Carduelis carduelis 16532 Carduelis carduelis caniceps 16531 Carduelis carduelis carduelis 1649Ø Carduelis chloris 1663Ø Carduelis flammea 16634 Carduelis flammea cabaret 16631 Carduelis flammea flammea 16632 Carduelis flammea rostrata 1662Ø Carduelis flavirostris 1664Ø Carduelis hornemanni 16642 Carduelis hornemanni exilipes 16641 Carduelis hornemanni hornemanni 1659Ø Carduelis lawrencei 1656Ø Carduelis notata 1655Ø Carduelis pinus 1658Ø Carduelis psaltria 165ØØ Carduelis sinica 1652Ø Carduelis spinoides 1654Ø Carduelis spinus 16649 Carduelis spp. 1657Ø Carduelis tristis 1661Ø Carduelis yemenensis 1681Ø Carpodacus cassinii 1687Ø Carpodacus edwardsii 1684Ø Carpodacus eos 1679Ø Carpodacus erythrinus 1694Ø Carpodacus grandis 1682Ø Carpodacus mexicanus 1678Ø Carpodacus nipalensis 1683Ø Carpodacus pulcherrimus 1697Ø Carpodacus puniceus 168ØØ Carpodacus purpureus 1693Ø Carpodacus rhodochlamys 1685Ø Carpodacus rhodochrous 1691Ø Carpodacus rhodopeplus 1689Ø Carpodacus roseus 1677Ø Carpodacus rubescens 1696Ø Carpodacus rubicilla 1695Ø Carpodacus rubicilloides 1688Ø Carpodacus synoicus 1692Ø Carpodacus thura 169ØØ Carpodacus trifasciatus 1686Ø Carpodacus vinaceus Ø227Ø Cathartes aura 118ØØ Catharus aurantiirostris 1179Ø Catharus fuscescens 1176Ø Catharus guttatus 1178Ø Catharus minimus 11782 Catharus minimus bicknelli 11781 Catharus minimus minimus 1181Ø Catharus occidentalis 1177Ø Catharus ustulatus Ø56ØØ Catoptrophorus semipalmatus Ø391Ø Catreus wallichii Ø338Ø Centrocercus urophasianus 3Ø99Ø Centropus grillii 31ØØØ Centropus leucogaster 31Ø1Ø Centropus monachus Ø734Ø Centropus senegalensis 2671Ø Centropus superciliosus 26714 Centropus superciliosus burchellii 26713 Centropus superciliosus loandae 26712 Centropus superciliosus sokotrae 26711 Centropus superciliosus superciliosus Ø866Ø Centurus aurifrons Ø865Ø Centurus carolinus Ø868Ø Centurus superciliaris Ø867Ø Centurus uropygialis 1488Ø Cephalopyrus flammiceps Ø64ØØ Cepphus carbo Ø639Ø Cepphus columba Ø638Ø Cepphus grylle Ø64Ø9 Cepphus spp. 31Ø2Ø Ceratogymna albotibialis 31Ø3Ø Ceratogymna atrata 31Ø4Ø Ceratogymna bucinator 31Ø5Ø Ceratogymna elata 31Ø6Ø Ceratogymna fistulator


31Ø7Ø Ceratogymna subcylindricus 31Ø8Ø Cercococcyx mechowi 31Ø9Ø Cercococcyx olivinus 311ØØ Cercomela familiaris 1135Ø Cercomela melanura 1Ø95Ø Cercotrichas galactotes 1Ø952 Cercotrichas galactotes familiaris 1Ø951 Cercotrichas galactotes galactotes 1Ø953 Cercotrichas galactotes syriacus 3111Ø Cercotrichas hartlaubi 1Ø96Ø Cercotrichas podobe Ø653Ø Cerorhinca monocerata 1487Ø Certhia brachydactyla 1483Ø Certhia discolor 1486Ø Certhia familiaris 14862 Certhia familiaris britannica 14863 Certhia familiaris corsa 14861 Certhia familiaris familiaris 14864 Certhia familiaris macrodactyla 1484Ø Certhia himalayana 1485Ø Certhia nipalensis 2682Ø Certhiaxis cinnamomea Ø834Ø Ceryle alcyon Ø836Ø Ceryle lugubris Ø833Ø Ceryle rudis Ø835Ø Ceryle torquata 1218Ø Cettia acanthizoides 1219Ø Cettia brunnifrons 122ØØ Cettia cetti 1214Ø Cettia diphone 1217Ø Cettia flavolivacea 1215Ø Cettia fortipes 1216Ø Cettia major 1213Ø Cettia squameiceps 3112Ø Ceuthmochares aereus Ø79ØØ Chaetura pelagica Ø791Ø Chaetura vauxi 1159Ø Chaimarrornis leucocephalus 213ØØ Chalcites basalis Ø693Ø Chalcophaps indica 1363Ø Chamaea fasciata 1766Ø Chamaethlypis poliocephala Ø477Ø Charadrius alexandrinus Ø48ØØ Charadrius asiaticus Ø469Ø Charadrius dubius 3113Ø Charadrius forbesi Ø47ØØ Charadrius hiaticula Ø47Ø1 Charadrius hiaticula hiaticula Ø47Ø2 Charadrius hiaticula tundrae Ø479Ø Charadrius leschenaultii 2Ø46Ø Charadrius marginatus Ø475Ø Charadrius melodus Ø478Ø Charadrius mongolus Ø4783 Charadrius mongolus atrifrons Ø4781 Charadrius mongolus mongolus Ø4782 Charadrius mongolus pamirensis Ø4784 Charadrius mongolus schaeferi Ø4785 Charadrius mongolus stegmanni Ø483Ø Charadrius montanus Ø482Ø Charadrius morinellus Ø476Ø Charadrius pecuarius Ø472Ø Charadrius placidus Ø471Ø Charadrius semipalmatus Ø4839 Charadrius sp. 3114Ø Charadrius tricollaris Ø481Ø Charadrius veredus Ø474Ø Charadrius vociferus Ø473Ø Charadrius wilsonia 17Ø1Ø Chaunoproctus ferreorostris 3115Ø Chelictinia riocourii Ø959Ø Chersophilus duponti Ø491Ø Chettusia gregaria Ø492Ø Chettusia leucura 2ØØ7Ø Chionis alba Ø444Ø Chlamydotis undulata Ø4443 Chlamydotis undulata fuertaventurae Ø4442 Chlamydotis undulata macqueenii Ø4441 Chlamydotis undulata undulata Ø626Ø Chlidonias hybridus Ø628Ø Chlidonias leucopterus Ø627Ø Chlidonias niger Ø6289 Chlidonias sp. 2Ø38Ø Chloephaga picta 2683Ø Chloroceryle amazona Ø832Ø Chloroceryle americana 2654Ø Chlorocichla flavicollis

3116Ø Chlorocichla simplex 3117Ø Chloropeta natalensis 1Ø41Ø Chloropsis hardwickii Ø8Ø3Ø Chlorostilbon ricordii 1824Ø Chondestes grammacus Ø23ØØ Chondrohierax uncinatus Ø787Ø Chordeiles acutipennis Ø786Ø Chordeiles minor Ø72ØØ Chrysococcyx caprius 3118Ø Chrysococcyx cupreus 3119Ø Chrysococcyx flavigularis Ø721Ø Chrysococcyx klaas Ø719Ø Chrysococcyx maculatus Ø397Ø Chrysolophus amherstiae Ø396Ø Chrysolophus pictus 1174Ø Cichlopasser terrestris Ø132Ø Ciconia abdimii Ø134Ø Ciconia ciconia Ø133Ø Ciconia episcopus Ø131Ø Ciconia nigra Ø1349 Ciconia sp. 1Ø5ØØ Cinclus cinclus 1Ø5Ø3 Cinclus cinclus aquaticus 1Ø5Ø2 Cinclus cinclus caucasicus 1Ø5Ø1 Cinclus cinclus cinclus 1Ø5Ø4 Cinclus cinclus gularis 1Ø52Ø Cinclus mexicanus 1Ø51Ø Cinclus pallasii 1576Ø Cinnyricinclus leucogaster 312ØØ Circaetus cinerascens 3121Ø Circaetus cinereus Ø256Ø Circaetus gallicus Ø26ØØ Circus aeruginosus Ø261Ø Circus cyaneus Ø262Ø Circus macrourus Ø264Ø Circus melanoleucus Ø263Ø Circus pygargus Ø2649 Circus sp. 3122Ø Cisticola anonymus 3123Ø Cisticola aridulus 3124Ø Cisticola brachypterus 3125Ø Cisticola cantans 3126Ø Cisticola chubbi 3127Ø Cisticola dorsti 3128Ø Cisticola emini 3129Ø Cisticola erythrops 313ØØ Cisticola eximius 3131Ø Cisticola galactotes 1226Ø Cisticola juncidis 3132Ø Cisticola lateralis 3133Ø Cisticola natalensis 3134Ø Cisticola robustus 3135Ø Cisticola ruficeps 3136Ø Cisticola rufus 1Ø59Ø Cistothorus palustris 1Ø58Ø Cistothorus platensis Ø716Ø Clamator glandarius Ø715Ø Clamator jacobinus 3137Ø Clamator levaillantii Ø212Ø Clangula hyemalis 3138Ø Clytospiza monteiri 2684Ø Cnemotriccus fuscatus 1717Ø Coccothraustes coccothraustes Ø728Ø Coccyzus americanus Ø727Ø Coccyzus erythrophthalmus Ø729Ø Coccyzus minor 1783Ø Coereba flaveola Ø85ØØ Colaptes auratus Ø851Ø Colaptes cafer 2685Ø Colaptes campestris Ø852Ø Colaptes chrysoides Ø345Ø Colinus virginianus 3139Ø Colius striatus Ø789Ø Collocalia brevirostris 314ØØ Columba arquatrix Ø672Ø Columba bollii 3141Ø Columba delegorguei Ø669Ø Columba eversmanni Ø681Ø Columba fasciata Ø682Ø Columba flavirostris 3142Ø Columba guinea Ø674Ø Columba hodgsonii Ø676Ø Columba janthina Ø678Ø Columba jouyi Ø673Ø Columba junoniae Ø679Ø Columba leucocephala

Ø667Ø Columba leuconota Ø665Ø Columba livia Ø668Ø Columba oenas Ø67ØØ Columba palumbus Ø675Ø Columba pulchricollis Ø666Ø Columba rupestris Ø6829 Columba sp. Ø68ØØ Columba squamosa Ø671Ø Columba trocaz 3143Ø Columba unicincta Ø677Ø Columba versicolor Ø698Ø Columbigallina passerina 2686Ø Columbina picui 1365Ø Conostoma oemodium Ø931Ø Contopus borealis Ø927Ø Contopus caribaeus Ø928Ø Contopus pertinax Ø929Ø Contopus sordidulus Ø93ØØ Contopus virens Ø7Ø8Ø Conuropsis carolinensis 2791Ø Copsychus albospecularis 2798Ø Copsychus cebuensis 2796Ø Copsychus luzoniensis 2794Ø Copsychus malabaricus 2797Ø Copsychus niger 2792Ø Copsychus saularis 2793Ø Copsychus sechellarum Ø842Ø Coracias abyssinicus Ø843Ø Coracias benghalensis 3144Ø Coracias cyanogaster Ø841Ø Coracias garrulus 3145Ø Coracias naevia 3146Ø Coracina azurea 3147Ø Coracina caesia 1Ø25Ø Coracina melaschistos 3148Ø Coracina pectoralis Ø228Ø Coragyps atratus 3149Ø Corvinella corvina 157ØØ Corvus albus 1564Ø Corvus brachyrhynchos 1572Ø Corvus corax 15721 Corvus corax corax 15722 Corvus corax tingitanus 1567Ø Corvus corone 15673 Corvus corone cornix 15671 Corvus corone corone 1573Ø Corvus cryptoleucus 1561Ø Corvus dauuricus 1563Ø Corvus frugilegus 1565Ø Corvus imparatus 1568Ø Corvus macrorhynchos 156ØØ Corvus monedula 156Ø1 Corvus monedula monedula 156Ø2 Corvus monedula soemmerringii 156Ø3 Corvus monedula spermologus 1566Ø Corvus ossifragus 1574Ø Corvus rhipidurus 1571Ø Corvus ruficollis 15749 Corvus sp. 1562Ø Corvus splendens 1569Ø Corvus torquatus 2687Ø Coryphaspiza melanotis 315ØØ Corythaeola cristata 3151Ø Cossypha albicapilla 3152Ø Cossypha cyanocampter 3153Ø Cossypha isabellae 2Ø34Ø Cossypha natalensis 214ØØ Cossypha niveicapilla 3154Ø Cossypha polioptera 3155Ø Cossyphicula roberti Ø417Ø Coturnicops exquisita Ø418Ø Coturnicops noveboracensis 3156Ø Coturnix adansonii Ø37ØØ Coturnix coturnix 266ØØ Coturnix delegorguei Ø371Ø Coturnix japonica 2688Ø Cranioleuca gutturata 1586Ø Creatophora cineracea 3157Ø Crecopsis egregia Ø421Ø Crex crex 3158Ø Crinifer piscator 239ØØ Criniger barbatus 24ØØØ Criniger calurus 3159Ø Criniger chloronotus 316ØØ Criniger olivaceus Ø39ØØ Crossoptilon auritum


Ø388Ø Crossoptilon crossoptilon Ø389Ø Crossoptilon mantchuricum Ø731Ø Crotophaga ani Ø732Ø Crotophaga sulcirostris 2689Ø Crypturellus parvirostris Ø724Ø Cuculus canorus 3161Ø Cuculus clamosus 3162Ø Cuculus gularis Ø723Ø Cuculus micropterus Ø726Ø Cuculus poliocephalus Ø725Ø Cuculus saturatus 3163Ø Cuculus solitarius 135ØØ Culicicapa ceylonensis 269ØØ Culicivora caudacuta Ø464Ø Cursorius cursor 3164Ø Cursorius temminckii 14Ø9Ø Cutia nipalensis 1535Ø Cyanocitta cristata 1534Ø Cyanocitta stelleri 1533Ø Cyanocorax beecheii 1528Ø Cyanocorax dickeyi 153ØØ Cyanocorax formosa 1531Ø Cyanocorax morio 1532Ø Cyanocorax sanblasiana 1529Ø Cyanocorax yncas 262ØØ Cyanoliseus patagonus 252ØØ Cyanomitra olivacea 1547Ø Cyanopica cyana Ø652Ø Cyclorrhynchus psittacula 2Ø8ØØ Cygnus atratus Ø155Ø Cygnus buccinator Ø153Ø Cygnus columbianus Ø1532 Cygnus columbianus bewickii Ø1531 Cygnus columbianus columbianus Ø154Ø Cygnus cygnus Ø152Ø Cygnus olor Ø1559 Cygnus sp. Ø8Ø4Ø Cynanthus latirostris 1326Ø Cyornis rubeculoides 1325Ø Cyornis vivida Ø788Ø Cypseloides niger Ø8Ø2Ø Cypsiurus parvus Ø346Ø Cyrtonyx montezumae ØØ23Ø Daption capense 2691Ø Deconychura longicauda 1ØØØØ Delichon dasypus Ø999Ø Delichon nipalensis 1ØØ1Ø Delichon urbica Ø324Ø Dendragapus canadensis Ø323Ø Dendragapus falcipennis Ø325Ø Dendragapus obscurus 2692Ø Dendrocincla merula 26921 Dendrocincla merula merula 1548Ø Dendrocitta formosae Ø897Ø Dendrocopos albolarvatus Ø899Ø Dendrocopos arcticus Ø895Ø Dendrocopos arizonae Ø879Ø Dendrocopos assimilis Ø886Ø Dendrocopos auriceps Ø894Ø Dendrocopos borealis Ø888Ø Dendrocopos canicapillus Ø882Ø Dendrocopos cathpharius Ø881Ø Dendrocopos darjellensis Ø89ØØ Dendrocopos dorae Ø88ØØ Dendrocopos himalayensis Ø885Ø Dendrocopos hyperythrus Ø889Ø Dendrocopos kizuki Ø877Ø Dendrocopos leucopterus Ø884Ø Dendrocopos leucotos Ø876Ø Dendrocopos major Ø8761 Dendrocopos major major Ø883Ø Dendrocopos medius Ø887Ø Dendrocopos minor Ø892Ø Dendrocopos nuttallii Ø893Ø Dendrocopos pubescens Ø891Ø Dendrocopos scalaris Ø8979 Dendrocopos sp. Ø878Ø Dendrocopos syriacus Ø898Ø Dendrocopos tridactylus Ø896Ø Dendrocopos villosus Ø15ØØ Dendrocygna arborea Ø151Ø Dendrocygna autumnalis Ø149Ø Dendrocygna bicolor 1736Ø Dendroica caerulescens 1754Ø Dendroica castanea 1735Ø Dendroica cerulea

1746Ø Dendroica chrysoparia 1751Ø Dendroica coronata 1748Ø Dendroica discolor 174ØØ Dendroica dominica 1747Ø Dendroica fusca 1738Ø Dendroica graciae 1741Ø Dendroica kirtlandii 175ØØ Dendroica magnolia 1742Ø Dendroica nigrescens 1743Ø Dendroica occipitalis 1752Ø Dendroica palmarum 1734Ø Dendroica pensylvanica 1733Ø Dendroica petechia 1737Ø Dendroica pinus 1739Ø Dendroica pityophila 1753Ø Dendroica striata 1749Ø Dendroica tigrina 1744Ø Dendroica townsendi 1745Ø Dendroica virens 1Ø16Ø Dendronanthus indicus 3165Ø Dendropicos elachus 3166Ø Dendropicos elliotii 3167Ø Dendropicos fuscescens 3168Ø Dendropicos gabonensis 3169Ø Dendropicos goertae 317ØØ Dendropicos obsoletus 3171Ø Dendropicos poecilolaemus 3172Ø Dendropicos pyrrhogaster 3173Ø Dendropicos xantholophus 15ØØØ Dicaeum ignipectus 1499Ø Dicaeum melanoxanthum 215ØØ Dicrurus adsimilis 3174Ø Dicrurus atripennis 1527Ø Dicrurus hottentottus 1526Ø Dicrurus leucophaeus 3175Ø Dicrurus ludwigii 1525Ø Dicrurus macrocercus 3176Ø Dicrurus modestus 1793Ø Diglossa baritula Ø861Ø Dinopium benghalense ØØ19Ø Diomedea albatrus ØØ16Ø Diomedea cauta ØØ15Ø Diomedea chlororhynchos 2ØØ9Ø Diomedea chrysostoma ØØ2ØØ Diomedea exulans ØØ18Ø Diomedea immutabilis ØØ14Ø Diomedea melanophris ØØ17Ø Diomedea nigripes 1897Ø Dolichonyx oryzivorus 2693Ø Donacobius atricapilla 2694Ø Donacospiza albifrons Ø458Ø Dromas ardeola 3177Ø Drymocichla incana Ø864Ø Dryocopus javensis Ø863Ø Dryocopus martius Ø862Ø Dryocopus pileatus 3178Ø Dryoscopus angolensis 3179Ø Dryoscopus gambensis 318ØØ Dryoscopus sabini 216ØØ Dryoscopus senegalensis 3181Ø Dryotriorchis spectabilis 1Ø8ØØ Dumetella carolinensis 247ØØ Dyaphorophyia castanea 2695Ø Dysithamnus mentalis Ø694Ø Ectopistes migratorius Ø121Ø Egretta alba 3182Ø Egretta ardesiaca Ø116Ø Egretta eulophotes Ø119Ø Egretta garzetta Ø118Ø Egretta gularis Ø1181 Egretta gularis gularis Ø1182 Egretta gularis schistacea Ø12ØØ Egretta intermedia Ø117Ø Egretta sacra Ø1219 Egretta sp. Ø115Ø Egretta thula 2696Ø Elaenia flavogaster Ø9Ø7Ø Elaenia martinica 2697Ø Elaenia parvirostris Ø233Ø Elanoides forficatus 3183Ø Elanus axillaris Ø235Ø Elanus caeruleus Ø234Ø Elanus leucurus 3184Ø Elminia albiventris 217ØØ Elminia longicauda 3185Ø Elminia nigromitrata

3186Ø Emberiza affinis 1876Ø Emberiza aureola 188ØØ Emberiza bruniceps 1867Ø Emberiza buchanani 3187Ø Emberiza cabanisi 1868Ø Emberiza caesia 1871Ø Emberiza chrysophrys 186ØØ Emberiza cia 1865Ø Emberiza cineracea 1861Ø Emberiza cioides 1858Ø Emberiza cirlus 1857Ø Emberiza citrinella 187ØØ Emberiza elegans 3188Ø Emberiza flaviventris 1869Ø Emberiza fucata 1866Ø Emberiza hortulana 1862Ø Emberiza jankowskii 1855Ø Emberiza koslowi 1856Ø Emberiza leucocephalos 1881Ø Emberiza melanocephala 1878Ø Emberiza pallasi 1874Ø Emberiza pusilla 1873Ø Emberiza rustica 1875Ø Emberiza rutila 1877Ø Emberiza schoeniclus 18771 Emberiza schoeniclus schoeniclus 18772 Emberiza schoeniclus witherbyi 1851Ø Emberiza siemsseni 18819 Emberiza sp. 1853Ø Emberiza spodocephala 1859Ø Emberiza stewarti 1863Ø Emberiza striolata 1854Ø Emberiza sulphurata 1864Ø Emberiza tahapisi 1872Ø Emberiza tristrami 1852Ø Emberiza variabilis 1879Ø Emberiza yessoensis 2698Ø Emberizoides herbicola Ø919Ø Empidonax affinis Ø921Ø Empidonax albigularis Ø923Ø Empidonax alnorum Ø92ØØ Empidonax difficilis Ø913Ø Empidonax flaviventris Ø924Ø Empidonax fulvifrons Ø916Ø Empidonax hammondii Ø915Ø Empidonax minimus Ø917Ø Empidonax oberholseri Ø922Ø Empidonax traillii Ø914Ø Empidonax virescens Ø918Ø Empidonax wrightii Ø644Ø Endomychura craveri Ø643Ø Endomychura hypoleuca 121ØØ Enicurus leschenaulti 1211Ø Enicurus maculatus 12Ø9Ø Enicurus schistaceus 12Ø8Ø Enicurus scouleri 1715Ø Eophona migratoria 1716Ø Eophona personata 3189Ø Ephippiorhynchus senegalensis Ø954Ø Eremalauda dunni 319ØØ Eremomela badiceps 3191Ø Eremomela canescens 3192Ø Eremomela icteropygialis 3193Ø Eremomela pusilla Ø978Ø Eremophila alpestris Ø979Ø Eremophila bilopha 3194Ø Eremopterix leucotis Ø953Ø Eremopterix nigriceps 1775Ø Ergaticus ruber 11ØØØ Erithacus akahige 11Ø1Ø Erithacus komadori 1Ø99Ø Erithacus rubecula 1Ø991 Erithacus rubecula rubecula 1Ø992 Erithacus rubecula superbus 3195Ø Erythrocercus mccallii Ø462Ø Esacus recurvirostris 1615Ø Estrilda astrild 3196Ø Estrilda caerulescens 2Ø43Ø Estrilda melpoda 3197Ø Estrilda nonnula 3198Ø Estrilda paludicola 2644Ø Estrilda perreina 3199Ø Estrilda poliopareia 2645Ø Estrilda rhodopyga 1616Ø Estrilda rufibarba 2Ø439 Estrilda sp.


2Ø27Ø Estrilda troglodytes 2699Ø Eucometis penicillata 26991 Eucometis penicillata penicillata Ø138Ø Eudocimus albus Ø139Ø Eudocimus ruber 2Ø3ØØ Eudyptes chrysolophus Ø812Ø Eugenes fulgens 1619Ø Euodice cantans 1618Ø Euodice malabarica 19Ø1Ø Euphagus carolinensis 19ØØØ Euphagus cyanocephalus 1791Ø Euphonia affinis 27ØØØ Euphonia chlorotica 1792Ø Euphonia elegantissima 27Ø1Ø Euphonia laniirostris 27Ø11 Euphonia laniirostris laniirostris 2Ø42Ø Euplectes afer 2662Ø Euplectes albonotatus 32ØØØ Euplectes ardens 32Ø1Ø Euplectes axillaris 32Ø2Ø Euplectes capensis 2Ø48Ø Euplectes franciscanos 32Ø3Ø Euplectes hartlaubi 32Ø4Ø Euplectes hordeaceus 32Ø5Ø Euplectes macrourus 2Ø47Ø Euplectes orix 32Ø6Ø Eupodotis melanogaster 32Ø7Ø Eupodotis ruficrista 32Ø8Ø Eupodotis senegalensis Ø513Ø Eurynorhynchus pygmeus Ø844Ø Eurystomus glaucurus 32Ø9Ø Eurystomus gularis Ø845Ø Eurystomus orientalis 321ØØ Euschistospiza dybowskii 1778Ø Euthlypis lachrymosa 3211Ø Falco alopex Ø317Ø Falco altaicus Ø3Ø8Ø Falco amurensis 3212Ø Falco ardosiaceus Ø314Ø Falco biarmicus Ø316Ø Falco cherrug Ø3Ø6Ø Falco chicquera Ø3Ø9Ø Falco columbarius Ø3Ø92 Falco columbarius subaesalon Ø312Ø Falco concolor 3213Ø Falco cuvierii Ø311Ø Falco eleonorae Ø313Ø Falco femoralis Ø315Ø Falco jugger Ø319Ø Falco mexicanus Ø3Ø3Ø Falco naumanni Ø321Ø Falco pelegrinoides Ø32ØØ Falco peregrinus Ø32Ø2 Falco peregrinus brookei Ø32Ø1 Falco peregrinus peregrinus Ø318Ø Falco rusticolus Ø3219 Falco sp. Ø3Ø5Ø Falco sparverius Ø31ØØ Falco subbuteo Ø3Ø4Ø Falco tinnunculus Ø3Ø7Ø Falco vespertinus 1348Ø Ficedula albicollis 13481 Ficedula albicollis albicollis 13482 Ficedula albicollis semitorquata 134ØØ Ficedula hodgsonii 1341Ø Ficedula hyperythra 1349Ø Ficedula hypoleuca 13491 Ficedula hypoleuca hypoleuca 13492 Ficedula hypoleuca ibericus 1344Ø Ficedula mugimaki 1346Ø Ficedula narcissina 1343Ø Ficedula parva 13432 Ficedula parva albicilla 13431 Ficedula parva parva 1337Ø Ficedula sapphira 1347Ø Ficedula semitorquata 1342Ø Ficedula strophiata 1339Ø Ficedula superciliaris 1338Ø Ficedula tricolor 1345Ø Ficedula zanthopygia 27Ø2Ø Formicivora rufa Ø366Ø Francolinus bicalcaratus 28Ø1Ø Francolinus erckelii Ø364Ø Francolinus francolinus Ø365Ø Francolinus pondicerianus 246ØØ Fraseria cinerascens

3214Ø Fraseria ocreata Ø654Ø Fratercula arctica Ø655Ø Fratercula corniculata ØØ94Ø Fregata ariel ØØ93Ø Fregata magnificens ØØ92Ø Fregata minor 2772Ø Fregetta grallaria 2773Ø Fregetta tropica 1636Ø Fringilla coelebs 16362 Fringilla coelebs africana 16365 Fringilla coelebs canariensis 16361 Fringilla coelebs coelebs 16363 Fringilla coelebs ombriosa 16364 Fringilla coelebs palmae 1638Ø Fringilla montifringilla 16389 Fringilla sp. 1637Ø Fringilla teydea 16372 Fringilla teydea polatzeki 16371 Fringilla teydea teydea Ø43ØØ Fulica americana Ø429Ø Fulica atra Ø431Ø Fulica cristata ØØ22Ø Fulmarus glacialis ØØ221 Fulmarus glacialis glacialis 2Ø13Ø Fulmarus glacialoides 27Ø3Ø Furnarius leucopus 27Ø31 Furnarius leucopus leucopus 27Ø4Ø Furnarius rufus 27Ø5Ø Galbula ruficauda 27Ø51 Galbula ruficauda ruficauda Ø972Ø Galerida cristata 3215Ø Galerida modesta Ø9739 Galerida sp. Ø973Ø Galerida theklae Ø428Ø Gallicrex cinerea Ø519Ø Gallinago gallinago Ø523Ø Gallinago hardwickii Ø52ØØ Gallinago media Ø522Ø Gallinago megala Ø525Ø Gallinago nemoricola Ø524Ø Gallinago solitaria Ø521Ø Gallinago stenura 3216Ø Gallinula angulata Ø424Ø Gallinula chloropus Ø386Ø Gallus gallus 2Ø14Ø Garrodia nereis 14Ø3Ø Garrulax affinis 1385Ø Garrulax albogularis 1396Ø Garrulax caerulatus 1397Ø Garrulax canorus 1392Ø Garrulax cineraceus 139ØØ Garrulax davidi 14Ø1Ø Garrulax elliotii 14Ø4Ø Garrulax erythrocephalus 14Ø5Ø Garrulax formosus 14Ø2Ø Garrulax henrici 1399Ø Garrulax lineatus 1393Ø Garrulax lunulatus 1388Ø Garrulax maesi 1394Ø Garrulax maximus 1395Ø Garrulax ocellatus 1386Ø Garrulax pectoralis 1384Ø Garrulax perspicillatus 1398Ø Garrulax sannio 1387Ø Garrulax striatus 14ØØØ Garrulax subunicolor 1391Ø Garrulax sukatschewi 1389Ø Garrulax variegatus 1539Ø Garrulus glandarius 154ØØ Garrulus lanceolatus 1541Ø Garrulus lidthi ØØØ5Ø Gavia adamsii ØØØ3Ø Gavia arctica ØØØ31 Gavia arctica arctica ØØØ32 Gavia arctica viridigularis ØØØ4Ø Gavia immer ØØØ59 Gavia sp. ØØØ2Ø Gavia stellata Ø6Ø5Ø Gelochelidon nilotica Ø733Ø Geococcyx californianus 27Ø6Ø Geothlypis aequinoctialis 27Ø61 Geothlypis aequinoctialis aequinoctialis 1765Ø Geothlypis nelsoni 1763Ø Geothlypis rostrata 1764Ø Geothlypis speciosa 1762Ø Geothlypis trichas

Ø7Ø1Ø Geotrygon chrysia Ø7Ø2Ø Geotrygon montana Ø259Ø Geranospiza caerulescens Ø14ØØ Geronticus eremita 3217Ø Glareola cinerea Ø468Ø Glareola lactea Ø466Ø Glareola maldivarum Ø467Ø Glareola nordmanni 3218Ø Glareola nuchalis Ø465Ø Glareola pratincola Ø4689 Glareola sp. Ø753Ø Glaucidium brasilianum Ø754Ø Glaucidium brodiei Ø752Ø Glaucidium gnoma Ø751Ø Glaucidium passerinum 3219Ø Glaucidium perlatum 322ØØ Glaucidium sjostedti Ø1Ø3Ø Gorsachius goisagi 3221Ø Gorsachius leuconotus 1131Ø Grandala coelicolor Ø439Ø Grus americana Ø436Ø Grus canadensis Ø433Ø Grus grus Ø438Ø Grus japonensis Ø44ØØ Grus leucogeranus Ø435Ø Grus monacha Ø434Ø Grus nigricollis Ø44Ø9 Grus sp. Ø437Ø Grus vipio 3222Ø Grus virgo (=Ø441Ø A.v.) 1891Ø Guiraca caerulea 3223Ø Guttera pucherani Ø631Ø Gygis alba 3224Ø Gymnobucco calvus 3225Ø Gymnobucco peli Ø229Ø Gymnogyps californianus 1538Ø Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus Ø246Ø Gypaetus barbatus 3226Ø Gypohierax angolensis 3227Ø Gyps africanus Ø249Ø Gyps bengalensis Ø251Ø Gyps fulvus Ø252Ø Gyps himalayensis Ø25ØØ Gyps indicus Ø253Ø Gyps rueppellii Ø452Ø Haematopus bachmani Ø453Ø Haematopus moquini Ø45ØØ Haematopus ostralegus Ø451Ø Haematopus palliatus 17Ø2Ø Haematospiza sipahi 3228Ø Halcyon badia 323ØØ Halcyon chelicuti Ø826Ø Halcyon coromanda Ø829Ø Halcyon leucocephala 3231Ø Halcyon malimbica Ø83ØØ Halcyon miyakoensis Ø828Ø Halcyon pileata 3232Ø Halcyon senegalensis 218ØØ Halcyon senegaloides Ø827Ø Halcyon smyrnensis Ø243Ø Haliaeetus albicilla Ø244Ø Haliaeetus leucocephalus Ø242Ø Haliaeetus leucoryphus Ø245Ø Haliaeetus pelagicus Ø241Ø Haliaeetus vocifer Ø24ØØ Haliastur indus 2Ø16Ø Halobaena caerulea ØØ53Ø Halocyptena microsoma 3233Ø Harpyhaliaetus coronatus 3234Ø Heliolais erythroptera 1759Ø Helmitheros swainsonii 176ØØ Helmitheros vermivorus 27Ø7Ø Hemitriccus flammulatus 27Ø8Ø Hemitriccus zosterops 1719Ø Hesperiphona abeillei 1718Ø Hesperiphona vespertina 1425Ø Heterophasia capistrata 1426Ø Heterophasia pulchella Ø558Ø Heteroscelus brevipes Ø559Ø Heteroscelus incanus 3235Ø Hieraaetus ayresii Ø299Ø Hieraaetus fasciatus Ø298Ø Hieraaetus pennatus 3236Ø Hieraaetus spilogaster Ø717Ø Hierococcyx fugax Ø718Ø Hierococcyx sparverioides


Ø455Ø Himantopus himantopus 3237Ø Himantornis haematopus 1256Ø Hippolais caligata 12561 Hippolais caligata caligata 12562 Hippolais caligata rama (S.W.) 1259Ø Hippolais icterina 1257Ø Hippolais languida 1258Ø Hippolais olivetorum 1255Ø Hippolais pallida (E.O.W.) 12553 Hippolais pallida elaeica 12555 Hippolais pallida laeneni 12552 Hippolais pallida opacus (W.O.W.) 12551 Hippolais pallida pallida 12554 Hippolais pallida reiseri 126ØØ Hippolais polyglotta 126Ø9 Hippolais sp. Ø792Ø Hirundapus caudacutus 1ØØ19 Hirundinidae 3238Ø Hirundo abyssinica 3239Ø Hirundo aethiopica Ø995Ø Hirundo daurica Ø9951 Hirundo daurica daurica Ø9952 Hirundo daurica domicella 324ØØ Hirundo domicella (=Ø9952 H.daurica domicella) Ø996Ø Hirundo fluvicola 3241Ø Hirundo fuligula Ø997Ø Hirundo fulva 3242Ø Hirundo leucosoma 2ØØ8Ø Hirundo lucida 3243Ø Hirundo nigrita 3244Ø Hirundo preussi Ø998Ø Hirundo pyrrhonota Ø992Ø Hirundo rustica 3245Ø Hirundo semirufa 3246Ø Hirundo senegalensis Ø994Ø Hirundo smithii Ø993Ø Hirundo tahitica Ø211Ø Histrionicus histrionicus 113ØØ Hodgsonius phoenicuroides Ø489Ø Hoplopterus cinereus Ø49ØØ Hoplopterus indicus Ø487Ø Hoplopterus spinosus Ø488Ø Hoplopterus tectus 24998 Hybrids & intermediates Ø112Ø Hydranassa caerulea Ø114Ø Hydranassa rufescens Ø113Ø Hydranassa tricolor ØØ52Ø Hydrobates pelagicus ØØ522 Hydrobates pelagicus melitensis ØØ521 Hydrobates pelagicus pelagicus Ø447Ø Hydrophasianus chirurgus 27Ø9Ø Hydropsalis brasiliana 245ØØ Hylia prasina 3247Ø Hyliota flavigaster 3248Ø Hyliota violacea Ø8Ø6Ø Hylocharis leucotis Ø8Ø5Ø Hylocharis xantusii 1175Ø Hylocichla mustelina 3249Ø Hypergerus atriceps 1Ø49Ø Hypocolius ampelinus 1Ø39Ø Hypsipetes amaurotis 1Ø4ØØ Hypsipetes madagascariensis 1Ø38Ø Hypsipetes mcclellandii Ø454Ø Ibidorhyncha struthersii 1782Ø Icteria virens 271ØØ Icterus cayanensis 1916Ø Icterus cucullatus 1915Ø Icterus dominicensis 1918Ø Icterus galbula 1913Ø Icterus graduacauda 192ØØ Icterus gularis 1912Ø Icterus parisorum 1921Ø Icterus pectoralis 1919Ø Icterus pustulatus 1917Ø Icterus spurius 1914Ø Icterus wagleri Ø236Ø Ictinia mississippiensis 325ØØ Illadopsis cleaveri 3251Ø Illadopsis fulvescens 2648Ø Illadopsis puveli 249ØØ Illadopsis rufescens (= Trichastoma rufescens) 3252Ø Illadopsis rufipennis 3253Ø Indicator exilis 3254Ø Indicator indicator

3255Ø Indicator maculatus 3256Ø Indicator minor 3257Ø Indicator willcocksi 2711Ø Inezia inornata 1117Ø Irania gutturalis 3258Ø Ispidina lecontei 3259Ø Ispidina picta Ø377Ø Ithaginis cruentus Ø1Ø1Ø Ixobrychus cinnamomeus Ø1ØØØ Ixobrychus eurhythmus ØØ97Ø Ixobrychus exilis ØØ98Ø Ixobrychus minutus ØØ99Ø Ixobrychus sinensis 326ØØ Ixobrychus sturmii 3261Ø Ixonotus guttatus 2712Ø Jacana jacana Ø448Ø Jacana spinosa 1843Ø Junco caniceps 1842Ø Junco hyemalis 1844Ø Junco phaeonotus 3262Ø Jynx ruficollis Ø848Ø Jynx torquilla Ø8484 Jynx torquilla chinensis Ø8485 Jynx torquilla himalayana Ø8486 Jynx torquilla mauretanica Ø8483 Jynx torquilla sarudnyi Ø8481 Jynx torquilla torquilla Ø8482 Jynx torquilla tschusii 3263Ø Kakamega poliothorax 3264Ø Kaupifalco monogrammicus Ø746Ø Ketupa blakistoni Ø748Ø Ketupa flavipes Ø747Ø Ketupa zeylonensis 2713Ø Knipolegus hudsoni 1698Ø Kozlowia roborowskii 3265Ø Kupeornis gilberti 3266Ø Lagonosticta larvata 3267Ø Lagonosticta rara 3268Ø Lagonosticta rubricata 3269Ø Lagonosticta rufopicta 327ØØ Lagonosticta sanguinodorsalis 1613Ø Lagonosticta senegala Ø329Ø Lagopus lagopus Ø3291 Lagopus lagopus lagopus Ø3292 Lagopus lagopus scoticus Ø331Ø Lagopus leucurus Ø33ØØ Lagopus mutus Ø811Ø Lampornis clemenciae 3271Ø Lamprotornis caudatus 3272Ø Lamprotornis chalcurus 3273Ø Lamprotornis chalybaeus 3274Ø Lamprotornis chloropterus 3275Ø Lamprotornis pulcher 3276Ø Lamprotornis purpureiceps 3277Ø Lamprotornis purpureus 3278Ø Lamprotornis splendidus 256ØØ Laniarius aethiopicus 3279Ø Laniarius atrococcineus 328ØØ Laniarius atroflavus 3281Ø Laniarius barbarus 3282Ø Laniarius erythrogaster 3283Ø Laniarius fuelleborni 3284Ø Laniarius leucorhynchus 3285Ø Laniarius luehderi 3286Ø Laniarus barbarus (=3281Ø L.b.) 1512Ø Lanius bucephalus 3287Ø Lanius collaris 1515Ø Lanius collurio 15151 Lanius collurio collurio 15153 Lanius collurio isabellinus (= 1514Ø Lanius isabellinus) 15152 Lanius collurio phoenicuroides 1513Ø Lanius cristatus 152ØØ Lanius excubitor 152Ø2 Lanius excubitor elegans 152Ø1 Lanius excubitor excubitor 152Ø3 Lanius excubitor meridionalis 3288Ø Lanius excubitoroides 3289Ø Lanius gubernator 1514Ø Lanius isabellinus 1522Ø Lanius ludovicianus 329ØØ Lanius mackinnoni 3291Ø Lanius meridionalis (=152Ø3 L.e.m.) 1519Ø Lanius minor 1524Ø Lanius nubicus 1517Ø Lanius schach

1523Ø Lanius senator 15232 Lanius senator badius 15233 Lanius senator niloticus 15231 Lanius senator senator 15249 Lanius sp. 1521Ø Lanius sphenocercus 1518Ø Lanius tephronotus 1511Ø Lanius tigrinus 1516Ø Lanius vittatus Ø592Ø Larus argentatus Ø5921 Larus argentatus argentatus Ø5928 Larus argentatus argenteus Ø5925 Larus argentatus atlantis Ø5927 Larus argentatus cachinnans Ø5922 Larus argentatus heuglini Ø5926 Larus argentatus michahellis 2656Ø Larus argentatus mongolicus 26632 Larus argentatus smithsonianus Ø5923 Larus argentatus taimyrensis Ø5924 Larus argentatus vegae Ø576Ø Larus atricilla Ø588Ø Larus audouinii 263ØØ Larus belcheri Ø583Ø Larus brunnicephalus Ø593Ø Larus californicus Ø59ØØ Larus canus Ø59Ø1 Larus canus canus Ø59Ø2 Larus canus heinei Ø584Ø Larus cirrocephalus Ø587Ø Larus crassirostris Ø589Ø Larus delawarensis 2Ø6ØØ Larus dominicanus Ø591Ø Larus fuscus Ø5911 Larus fuscus fuscus Ø5912 Larus fuscus graellsii Ø5913 Larus fuscus intermedius Ø585Ø Larus genei Ø596Ø Larus glaucescens Ø598Ø Larus glaucoides Ø5981 Larus glaucoides glaucoides Ø5982 Larus glaucoides kumlieni Ø586Ø Larus heermanni Ø571Ø Larus hemprichii Ø599Ø Larus hyperboreus Ø573Ø Larus ichthyaetus Ø572Ø Larus leucophthalmus 2Ø36Ø Larus maculipennis Ø6ØØØ Larus marinus Ø575Ø Larus melanocephalus Ø578Ø Larus minutus Ø594Ø Larus occidentalis Ø581Ø Larus philadelphia Ø577Ø Larus pipixcan Ø574Ø Larus relictus Ø582Ø Larus ridibundus Ø579Ø Larus sabini Ø58ØØ Larus saundersi Ø595Ø Larus schistisagus Ø6ØØ9 Larus sp. Ø597Ø Larus thayeri Ø419Ø Laterallus jamaicensis 2714Ø Laterallus melanophaius 2715Ø Lathrotriccus euleri 14Ø7Ø Leiothrix lutea 2716Ø Lepidocolaptes angustirostris Ø9Ø3Ø Lepidocolaptes leucogaster 1318Ø Leptopoecile elegans 1317Ø Leptopoecile sophiae 2717Ø Leptopogon amaurocephalus Ø135Ø Leptoptilos crumeniferus 2718Ø Leptotila rufaxilla Ø7ØØØ Leptotila verreauxi Ø347Ø Lerwa lerwa 2719Ø Leucopternis schistacea 1671Ø Leucosticte arctoa 167ØØ Leucosticte brandti 1669Ø Leucosticte nemoricola 1672Ø Leucosticte tephrocotis Ø514Ø Limicola falcinellus Ø5659 Limicolae Ø42ØØ Limnocorax flavirostra Ø526Ø Limnodromus griseus Ø527Ø Limnodromus scolopaceus Ø528Ø Limnodromus semipalmatus Ø535Ø Limosa fedoa Ø533Ø Limosa haemastica


Ø534Ø Limosa lapponica Ø5341 Limosa lapponica lapponica Ø532Ø Limosa limosa Ø5322 Limosa limosa islandica Ø5321 Limosa limosa limosa 3292Ø Linurgus olivaceus 14Ø6Ø Liocichla steerii 1233Ø Locustella certhiola 1239Ø Locustella fasciolata 1237Ø Locustella fluviatilis 1235Ø Locustella lanceolata 1238Ø Locustella luscinioides 1236Ø Locustella naevia 1234Ø Locustella ochotensis 12399 Locustella sp. 3293Ø Lonchura cantans (=1619Ø E.c.) 2Ø45Ø Lonchura maja 2Ø29Ø Lonchura malacca 2Ø292 Lonchura malacca atricapilla 2Ø291 Lonchura malacca malacca 2Ø26Ø Lonchura punctulata 2Ø459 Lonchura sp. 162ØØ Lonchura striata 3294Ø Lophaetus occipitalis Ø383Ø Lophophorus impejanus Ø385Ø Lophophorus lhuysii Ø384Ø Lophophorus sclateri Ø387Ø Lophura leucomelana 1666Ø Loxia curvirostra 1665Ø Loxia leucoptera 1668Ø Loxia pytyopsittacus 1667Ø Loxia scotica 16689 Loxia sp. Ø974Ø Lullula arborea Ø656Ø Lunda cirrhata 1111Ø Luscinia brunnea 11Ø5Ø Luscinia calliope 1112Ø Luscinia cyane 11Ø3Ø Luscinia luscinia 11Ø4Ø Luscinia megarhynchos 11Ø43 Luscinia megarhynchos africana 11Ø42 Luscinia megarhynchos hafizi 11Ø41 Luscinia megarhynchos megarhynchos 11Ø9Ø Luscinia obscura 111ØØ Luscinia pectardens 11Ø7Ø Luscinia pectoralis 11Ø8Ø Luscinia ruficeps 11Ø2Ø Luscinia sibilans 11129 Luscinia sp. 11Ø6Ø Luscinia svecica 11Ø62 Luscinia svecica cyanecula 11Ø64 Luscinia svecica magna 11Ø63 Luscinia svecica namnetum 11Ø61 Luscinia svecica svecica 3295Ø Lybius bidentatus 2655Ø Lybius dubius 3296Ø Lybius leucocephalus 3297Ø Lybius vieilloti Ø518Ø Lymnocryptes minimus 3298Ø Macheiramphus alcinus 3299Ø Macrodipteryx longipennis 33ØØØ Macrodipteryx vexillarius ØØ21Ø Macronectes giganteus 2Ø11Ø Macronectes halli 33Ø1Ø Macrosphenus flavicans 33Ø2Ø Macrosphenus kempi 33Ø3Ø Malaconotus blanchoti 33Ø4Ø Malaconotus cruentus 33Ø5Ø Malaconotus gladiator 33Ø6Ø Malaconotus sulfureopecous 33Ø7Ø Malimbus erythrogaster 33Ø8Ø Malimbus ibadanensis 33Ø9Ø Malimbus malimbicus 254ØØ Malimbus nitens 331ØØ Malimbus racheliae 3311Ø Malimbus rubricollis 3312Ø Malimbus scutatus 3313Ø Mandingoa nitidula 258ØØ Mareca sibilatrix 1Ø79Ø Margarops fuscatus Ø195Ø Marmaronetta angustirostris 3314Ø Megaceryle maxima 124ØØ Megalurus pryeri 219ØØ Melaenomis edolioides Ø869Ø Melanerpes erythrocephalus Ø87ØØ Melanerpes formicivorus

22ØØØ Melaniparus leucomelas Ø215Ø Melanitta fusca Ø2152 Melanitta fusca deglandi Ø2151 Melanitta fusca fusca Ø2153 Melanitta fusca stejnegeri Ø213Ø Melanitta nigra Ø2132 Melanitta nigra americana Ø2131 Melanitta nigra nigra Ø214Ø Melanitta perspicillata Ø962Ø Melanocorypha bimaculata Ø9621 Melanocorypha bimaculata bimaculata Ø9622 Melanocorypha bimaculata refescens Ø961Ø Melanocorypha calandra Ø965Ø Melanocorypha leucoptera Ø963Ø Melanocorypha maxima Ø964Ø Melanocorypha mongolica Ø966Ø Melanocorypha yeltoniensis 1Ø81Ø Melanotis caerulescens Ø399Ø Meleagris gallopavo 3315Ø Melichneutes robustus 3316Ø Melierax gabar (=Ø266Ø M.g.) Ø265Ø Melierax metabates 3317Ø Melocichla mentalis 1883Ø Melophus lathami 1835Ø Melospiza melodia (= Zonotrichia melodia) 18Ø1Ø Melozone kieneri Ø22ØØ Mergus albellus Ø219Ø Mergus cucullatus Ø223Ø Mergus merganser Ø221Ø Mergus serrator Ø2239 Mergus sp. Ø222Ø Mergus squamatus Ø837Ø Merops albicollis Ø84ØØ Merops apiaster 3318Ø Merops breweri 3319Ø Merops bulocki 332ØØ Merops gularis 3321Ø Merops hirundineus 3322Ø Merops malimbicus 3323Ø Merops muelleri 3324Ø Merops nubicus Ø838Ø Merops orientalis Ø839Ø Merops superciliosus Ø8392 Merops superciliosus chrysocercus Ø8393 Merops superciliosus persicus Ø8391 Merops superciliosus superciliosus 3325Ø Merops pusillus 3326Ø Merops variegatus Ø755Ø Micrathene whitneyi Ø266Ø Micronisus gabar Ø515Ø Micropalama himantopus 3327Ø Microparra capensis 1882Ø Miliaria calandra Ø238Ø Milvus migrans Ø239Ø Milvus milvus Ø2399 Milvus sp. 12Ø7Ø Mimocichla plumbea 1Ø68Ø Mimus gundlachii 1Ø67Ø Mimus polyglottos 272ØØ Mimus saturninus 1413Ø Minla cyanouroptera 1415Ø Minla ignotincta 1414Ø Minla strigula 3328Ø Mirafra africana Ø952Ø Mirafra cantillans 3329Ø Mirafra rufocinnamomea Ø926Ø Mitrephanes phaeocercus 172ØØ Mniotilta varia 1898Ø Molothrus aeneus 1899Ø Molothrus ater 2721Ø Momotus momota 27212 Momotus momota coeruliceps 27211 Momotus momota momota 2722Ø Monasa nigrifrons 1163Ø Monticola cinclorhyncha 1164Ø Monticola gularis 1165Ø Monticola rufiventris 1161Ø Monticola rufocinerea 1162Ø Monticola saxatilis 1166Ø Monticola solitarius 161ØØ Montifringilla adamsi 16Ø6Ø Montifringilla blanfordi 16Ø8Ø Montifringilla davidiana 1611Ø Montifringilla nivalis 16Ø7Ø Montifringilla ruficollis 16Ø9Ø Montifringilla taczanowskii

16Ø5Ø Montifringilla theresae 333ØØ Morus capensis 1Ø23Ø Motacilla aguimp 1Ø2ØØ Motacilla alba 1Ø2Ø1 Motacilla alba alba 1Ø2Ø4 Motacilla alba dukhunensis 1Ø2Ø3 Motacilla alba personata 1Ø2Ø2 Motacilla alba yarrellii 1Ø19Ø Motacilla cinerea 1Ø192 Motacilla cinerea canariensis 1Ø191 Motacilla cinerea cinerea 1Ø18Ø Motacilla citreola 3331Ø Motacilla clara 1Ø17Ø Motacilla flava 1Ø178 Motacilla flava beema 1Ø175 Motacilla flava cinereocapilla 1Ø174 Motacilla flava feldegg 1Ø171 Motacilla flava flava 1Ø172 Motacilla flava flavissima 1Ø176 Motacilla flava iberiae 26642 Motacilla flava leucocephala 1Ø177 Motacilla flava lutea 26643 Motacilla flava simillima 1Ø173 Motacilla flava thunbergi 1Ø21Ø Motacilla grandis 1Ø22Ø Motacilla maderaspatensis 1Ø239 Motacilla sp. 1362Ø Moupinia poecilotis 3332Ø Muscicapa adusta 3333Ø Muscicapa aquatica 221ØØ Muscicapa caerulescens 3334Ø Muscicapa cassini 3335Ø Muscicapa comitata 1327Ø Muscicapa cyanomelana 3336Ø Muscicapa epulata 1336Ø Muscicapa gambagae 1331Ø Muscicapa griseisticta 3337Ø Muscicapa infuscata 1334Ø Muscicapa latirostris 1333Ø Muscicapa muttui 3338Ø Muscicapa olivascens 1332Ø Muscicapa ruficauda 1329Ø Muscicapa rufilata 3339Ø Muscicapa sethsmithi 133ØØ Muscicapa sibirica 13369 Muscicapa sp. 1335Ø Muscicapa striata 13352 Muscicapa striata balearica 13351 Muscicapa striata striata 13353 Muscicapa striata tyrrenica 334ØØ Muscicapa tessmanni 1328Ø Muscicapa thalassina 3341Ø Muscicapa ussheri Ø95ØØ Muscivora forficata Ø949Ø Muscivora tyrannus 3342Ø Musophaga violacea 1Ø43Ø Myadestes obscurus 1Ø42Ø Myadestes townsendi 1712Ø Mycerobas affinis 1714Ø Mycerobas carnipes 1711Ø Mycerobas icterioides 1713Ø Mycerobas melanozanthos Ø127Ø Mycteria americana Ø129Ø Mycteria ibis Ø128Ø Mycteria leucocephala Ø934Ø Myiarchus cinerascens Ø937Ø Myiarchus crinitus 2723Ø Myiarchus ferox Ø933Ø Myiarchus nuttingi Ø935Ø Myiarchus stolidus 2724Ø Myiarchus swainsoni Ø932Ø Myiarchus tuberculifer Ø936Ø Myiarchus tyrannulus 1777Ø Myioborus miniatus 1776Ø Myioborus pictus Ø938Ø Myiodynastes luteiventris Ø9Ø6Ø Myiopagis viridicata 3343Ø Myioparus griseigularis 222ØØ Myioparus plumbeus 2725Ø Myiophobus fasciatus 1167Ø Myiophoneus caeruleus 2Ø39Ø Myiopsitta monachus 2726Ø Myiozetetes cayanensis Ø939Ø Myiozetetes similis 2727Ø Myrmeciza hemimelaena 2728Ø Myrmeciza hyperythra


1143Ø Myrmecocichla aethiops 3344Ø Myrmecocichla albifrons 3345Ø Myrmecocichla nigra 2729Ø Myrmoborus leucophrys 14Ø8Ø Myzornis pyrrhoura 3346Ø Neafrapus cassini Ø248Ø Necrosyrtes monachus 3347Ø Nectarinia adelberti 1493Ø Nectarinia asiatica 3348Ø Nectarinia batesi 223ØØ Nectarinia bifasciata 3349Ø Nectarinia bouvieri 335ØØ Nectarinia chloropygia 3351Ø Nectarinia coccinigaster 3352Ø Nectarinia cuprea 3353Ø Nectarinia cyanolaema 3354Ø Nectarinia fuliginosa 1494Ø Nectarinia habessinica 3355Ø Nectarinia johannae 3356Ø Nectarinia minulla 3357Ø Nectarinia olivacea (=252ØØ C.o.) 3358Ø Nectarinia oritis 1495Ø Nectarinia osea 3359Ø Nectarinia preussi 224ØØ Nectarinia pulchella (= Panaeola pulchella) 336ØØ Nectarinia reichenbachii 3361Ø Nectarinia rubescens 3362Ø Nectarinia seimundi 3363Ø Nectarinia senegalensis 3364Ø Nectarinia superba 3365Ø Nectarinia venusta 2231Ø Nectarinia veroxii 3366Ø Nectarinia verticalis 279ØØ Neochen jubata 3367Ø Neocossyphus finschii 3368Ø Neocossyphus fraseri 3369Ø Neocossyphus poensis 337ØØ Neocossyphus rufus 273ØØ Neopelma sulphureiventer Ø247Ø Neophron percnopterus Ø443Ø Neotis denhami 3371Ø Neotis nuba 3372Ø Nesocharis capistrata 3373Ø Nesocharis shelleyi Ø196Ø Netta rufina 2659Ø Nettapus auritus Ø176Ø Nettapus coromandelianus 253ØØ Nicator chloris 3374Ø Nigrita bicolor 3375Ø Nigrita canicapilla 3376Ø Nigrita fusconota 3377Ø Nigrita luteifrons 3378Ø Nilaus afer 1324Ø Niltava davidi 1322Ø Niltava grandis 1323Ø Niltava sundara Ø756Ø Ninox scutulata Ø141Ø Nipponia nippon 1557Ø Nucifraga caryocatactes 15571 Nucifraga caryocatactes caryocatactes 15572 Nucifraga caryocatactes macrorhynchos 1556Ø Nucifraga columbiana Ø542Ø Numenius americanus Ø541Ø Numenius arquata Ø537Ø Numenius borealis Ø543Ø Numenius madagascariensis Ø536Ø Numenius minutus Ø538Ø Numenius phaeopus Ø5439 Numenius sp. Ø539Ø Numenius tahitiensis Ø54ØØ Numenius tenuirostris Ø398Ø Numida meleagris Ø749Ø Nyctea scandiaca Ø1Ø5Ø Nycticorax caledonicus Ø1Ø4Ø Nycticorax nycticorax Ø1Ø6Ø Nycticorax violaceus Ø785Ø Nyctidromus albicollis ØØ5ØØ Oceanites oceanicus ØØ58Ø Oceanodroma castro ØØ54Ø Oceanodroma furcata ØØ57Ø Oceanodroma homochroa ØØ55Ø Oceanodroma leucorhoa ØØ62Ø Oceanodroma macrodactyla 2Ø4ØØ Oceanodroma markhami ØØ61Ø Oceanodroma matsudairae ØØ6ØØ Oceanodroma melania

ØØ56Ø Oceanodroma monorhis ØØ639 Oceanodroma sp. ØØ59Ø Oceanodroma tethys ØØ63Ø Oceanodroma tristrami Ø692Ø Oena capensis 1156Ø Oenanthe alboniger 1145Ø Oenanthe bottae 1149Ø Oenanthe deserti 115ØØ Oenanthe finschii 3379Ø Oenanthe heuglini 1148Ø Oenanthe hispanica 11481 Oenanthe hispanica hispanica 11482 Oenanthe hispanica melanoleuca 1144Ø Oenanthe isabellina 1157Ø Oenanthe leucopyga 1158Ø Oenanthe leucura 1154Ø Oenanthe lugens 1151Ø Oenanthe moesta 1155Ø Oenanthe monacha 1146Ø Oenanthe oenanthe 11462 Oenanthe oenanthe leucorhoa 11461 Oenanthe oenanthe oenanthe 11463 Oenanthe oenanthe seebohmi 1153Ø Oenanthe picata 1147Ø Oenanthe pleschanka 11589 Oenanthe sp. 1152Ø Oenanthe xanthoprymna 338ØØ Onychognathus fulgidus 3381Ø Onychognathus morio 1575Ø Onychognathus tristramii 3382Ø Onychognathus walleri 1768Ø Oporornis agilis 1767Ø Oporornis formosus 1769Ø Oporornis philadelphia 177ØØ Oporornis tolmiei 1Ø78Ø Oreoscoptes montanus 3383Ø Oriolus auratus 3384Ø Oriolus brachyrhynchus 15Ø7Ø Oriolus chinensis 3385Ø Oriolus nigripennis 15Ø8Ø Oriolus oriolus 15Ø6Ø Oriolus traillii 1816Ø Oriturus superciliosus Ø322Ø Ortalis vetula 3386Ø Ortygospiza atricollis 3387Ø Ortyxelos meiffrenii 2731Ø Oryzoborus angolensis Ø446Ø Otis tarda Ø741Ø Otus asio Ø736Ø Otus bakkamoena Ø738Ø Otus brucei Ø74ØØ Otus flammeolus 2783Ø Otus insularis 3388Ø Otus leucotis Ø739Ø Otus scops 3389Ø Otus senegalensis Ø737Ø Otus sunia Ø742Ø Otus trichopsis Ø224Ø Oxyura dominica Ø225Ø Oxyura jamaicensis Ø226Ø Oxyura leucocephala 339ØØ Pachycoccyx audeberti 3391Ø Pachyphantes superciliosus 267ØØ Pachyptila belcheri 2Ø32Ø Pachyptila desolata 2774Ø Pachyptila turtur 27742 Pachyptila turtur subantarctica 27741 Pachyptila turtur turtur Ø9Ø4Ø Pachyramphus aglaiae 259ØØ Paecilonetta bahamensis (= Ø19ØØ Anas bahamensis) 2ØØ6Ø Pagodroma nivea Ø6Ø4Ø Pagophila eburnea Ø3Ø1Ø Pandion haliaetus 1364Ø Panurus biarmicus Ø278Ø Parabuteo unicinctus 1369Ø Paradoxornis conspicillatus 1368Ø Paradoxornis flavirostris 1373Ø Paradoxornis fulvifrons 1376Ø Paradoxornis heudei 1374Ø Paradoxornis nipalensis 1366Ø Paradoxornis paradoxus 1372Ø Paradoxornis przewalskii 1367Ø Paradoxornis unicolor 1375Ø Paradoxornis verreauxi 137ØØ Paradoxornis webbianus

137Ø5 Paradoxornis webbianus alphonsiana 137Ø3 Paradoxornis webbianus fulvicauda 137Ø4 Paradoxornis webbianus mantschurica 137Ø2 Paradoxornis webbianus suffusa 137Ø1 Paradoxornis webbianus webbianus 1371Ø Paradoxornis zappeyi 1225Ø Parisoma buryi 3392Ø Parmoptila woodhousei 2732Ø Paroaria gularis 27321 Paroaria gularis gularis 1732Ø Parula americana 1731Ø Parula pitiayumi 3393Ø Parus albiventris 1461Ø Parus ater 14611 Parus ater ater 1443Ø Parus atricapillus 1451Ø Parus bicolor 1465Ø Parus bokharensis 1462Ø Parus caeruleus 14621 Parus caeruleus caeruleus 14627 Parus caeruleus degener 14626 Parus caeruleus ombriosus 14624 Parus caeruleus palmensis 14623 Parus caeruleus pleskii 14625 Parus caeruleus teneriffae 14622 Parus caeruleus ultramarinus 1444Ø Parus carolinensis 1448Ø Parus cinctus 1454Ø Parus cristatus 1463Ø Parus cyanus 1455Ø Parus davidi 1453Ø Parus dichrous 1446Ø Parus gambeli 1449Ø Parus hudsonicus 1452Ø Parus inornatus 3394Ø Parus leucomelas 1441Ø Parus lugubris 1464Ø Parus major 14642 Parus major excelsus 14641 Parus major major 146ØØ Parus melanolophus 1442Ø Parus montanus 14422 Parus montanus songarus 1466Ø Parus monticolus 144ØØ Parus palustris 1459Ø Parus rubidiventris 145ØØ Parus rufescens 1458Ø Parus rufonuchalis 1445Ø Parus sclateri 14669 Parus sp. 1439Ø Parus superciliosus 1457Ø Parus varius 1456Ø Parus venustulus 1447Ø Parus wollweberi 159ØØ Passer ammodendri 1591Ø Passer domesticus 15911 Passer domesticus domesticus 15913 Passer domesticus indicus 15912 Passer domesticus italiae 16ØØØ Passer euchlorus 2ØØ5Ø Passer griseus 1592Ø Passer hispaniolensis 15921 Passer hispaniolensis hispaniolensis 15922 Passer hispaniolensis maltae 1596Ø Passer iagoensis 1599Ø Passer luteus 1595Ø Passer moabiticus 1598Ø Passer montanus 225ØØ Passer motitensis 1593Ø Passer pyrrhonotus 1594Ø Passer rutilans 1597Ø Passer simplex 16ØØ9 Passer sp. 1893Ø Passerina amoena 1895Ø Passerina ciris 1892Ø Passerina cyanea 1896Ø Passerina leclancherii 1894Ø Passerina versicolor ØØ51Ø Pelagodroma marina 2Ø18Ø Pelecanoides georgicus 2Ø17Ø Pelecanoides urinatrix ØØ89Ø Pelecanus crispus ØØ87Ø Pelecanus erythrorhynchos ØØ91Ø Pelecanus occidentalis ØØ88Ø Pelecanus onocrotalus ØØ9ØØ Pelecanus rufescens


ØØ919 Pelecanus sp. 226ØØ Peliocichla pelios (= 2653Ø Turdus pelios) 3395Ø Peliperdix albogularis 3396Ø Peliperdix coqui 3397Ø Peliperdix lathami Ø372Ø Perdicula asiatica Ø368Ø Perdix dauuricae Ø369Ø Perdix hodgsoniae Ø367Ø Perdix perdix Ø3699 Perdix sp. 1Ø27Ø Pericrocotus cinnamomeus 1Ø29Ø Pericrocotus divaricatus 1Ø26Ø Pericrocotus ethologus 1Ø28Ø Pericrocotus roseus 1Ø3ØØ Pericrocotus tegimae 1542Ø Perisoreus canadensis 1543Ø Perisoreus infaustus 1544Ø Perisoreus internigrans Ø231Ø Pernis apivorus Ø232Ø Pernis ptilorhyncus 16Ø1Ø Petronia brachydactyla 16Ø3Ø Petronia dentata 16Ø4Ø Petronia petronia 16Ø2Ø Petronia xanthocollis 1781Ø Peucedramus taeniatus 2733Ø Phacellodomus ruber ØØ64Ø Phaethon aethereus ØØ66Ø Phaethon lepturus ØØ65Ø Phaethon rubricauda 1Ø44Ø Phainopepla nitens ØØ83Ø Phalacrocorax africanus ØØ8ØØ Phalacrocorax aristotelis ØØ8Ø1 Phalacrocorax aristotelis aristotelis ØØ8Ø2 Phalacrocorax aristotelis desmarestii 2Ø19Ø Phalacrocorax atriceps 2Ø191 Phalacrocorax atriceps atriceps 2Ø193 Phalacrocorax atriceps georgianus 2Ø192 Phalacrocorax atriceps nivalis ØØ78Ø Phalacrocorax auritus 2ØØ4Ø Phalacrocorax capensis ØØ73Ø Phalacrocorax capillatus ØØ72Ø Phalacrocorax carbo ØØ721 Phalacrocorax carbo carbo ØØ722 Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis ØØ84Ø Phalacrocorax niger ØØ81Ø Phalacrocorax nigrogularis ØØ79Ø Phalacrocorax olivaceus ØØ75Ø Phalacrocorax pelagicus ØØ77Ø Phalacrocorax penicillatus ØØ74Ø Phalacrocorax perspicillatus ØØ82Ø Phalacrocorax pygmeus ØØ849 Phalacrocorax sp. ØØ76Ø Phalacrocorax urile Ø784Ø Phalaenoptilus nuttallii Ø565Ø Phalaropus fulicaria Ø564Ø Phalaropus lobatus Ø563Ø Phalaropus tricolor Ø394Ø Phasianus colchicus Ø395Ø Phasianus versicolor 1885Ø Pheucticus chrysopeplus 1887Ø Pheucticus ludovicianus 1886Ø Pheucticus melanocephalus Ø517Ø Philomachus pugnax Ø344Ø Philortyx fasciatus 2Ø1ØØ Phoebetria palpebrata 2Ø23Ø Phoenicopterus chilensis Ø148Ø Phoenicopterus minor Ø147Ø Phoenicopterus ruber Ø1472 Phoenicopterus ruber roseus Ø1471 Phoenicopterus ruber ruber 3398Ø Phoeniculus bollei 3399Ø Phoeniculus castaneiceps 34ØØØ Phoeniculus purpureus 1119Ø Phoenicurus alaschanicus 1126Ø Phoenicurus auroreus 112ØØ Phoenicurus caeruleocephalus 1128Ø Phoenicurus erythrogaster 1118Ø Phoenicurus erythronotus 1124Ø Phoenicurus frontalis 1123Ø Phoenicurus hodgsoni 1127Ø Phoenicurus moussieri 1121Ø Phoenicurus ochruros 11213 Phoenicurus ochruros aterrimus 11212 Phoenicurus ochruros gibraltarensis 11211 Phoenicurus ochruros ochruros 1122Ø Phoenicurus phoenicurus

11221 Phoenicurus phoenicurus phoenicurus 11222 Phoenicurus phoenicurus samamisicus 1125Ø Phoenicurus schisticeps 11289 Phoenicurus sp. 34Ø1Ø Pholidornis rushiae 34Ø2Ø Phyllanthus atripennis 237ØØ Phyllastrephus albigularis 34Ø3Ø Phyllastrephus baumanni 34Ø4Ø Phyllastrephus icterinus 34Ø5Ø Phyllastrephus poensis 34Ø6Ø Phyllastrephus poliocephalus 34Ø7Ø Phyllastrephus xavieri 34Ø8Ø Phyllolais pulchella 13Ø6Ø Phylloscopus affinis 13Ø2Ø Phylloscopus armandii 13Ø7Ø Phylloscopus bonelli 13Ø71 Phylloscopus bonelli bonelli 13Ø72 Phylloscopus bonelli orientalis 1295Ø Phylloscopus borealis 1283Ø Phylloscopus cantator 1311Ø Phylloscopus collybita 13114 Phylloscopus collybita abietinus 13116 Phylloscopus collybita brehmiiDELETED 13117 Phylloscopus collybita canariensis 13111 Phylloscopus collybita collybita 13112 Phylloscopus collybita fulvescens 13115 Phylloscopus collybita ibericus 13113 Phylloscopus collybita tristis 1286Ø Phylloscopus coronatus 1284Ø Phylloscopus davisoni 13Ø4Ø Phylloscopus fuligiventer 13Ø3Ø Phylloscopus fuscatus 13Ø5Ø Phylloscopus griseolus 34Ø9Ø Phylloscopus herberti 1289Ø Phylloscopus ijimae 13ØØØ Phylloscopus inornatus 13ØØ2 Phylloscopus inornatus humei 13ØØ1 Phylloscopus inornatus inornatus 1297Ø Phylloscopus maculipennis 1294Ø Phylloscopus magnirostris 13Ø9Ø Phylloscopus neglectus 1291Ø Phylloscopus nitidus 1287Ø Phylloscopus occipitalis 1292Ø Phylloscopus plumbeitarsus 1298Ø Phylloscopus proregulus 12981 Phylloscopus proregulus proregulus 1296Ø Phylloscopus pulcher 1285Ø Phylloscopus reguloides 1282Ø Phylloscopus ricketti 13Ø1Ø Phylloscopus schwarzi 13Ø8Ø Phylloscopus sibilatrix 131ØØ Phylloscopus sindianus 13129 Phylloscopus sp. 1299Ø Phylloscopus subviridis 1288Ø Phylloscopus tenellipes 1293Ø Phylloscopus trochiloides 1312Ø Phylloscopus trochilus 13122 Phylloscopus trochilus acredula 13121 Phylloscopus trochilus trochilus 13123 Phylloscopus trochilus yakutensis 129ØØ Phylloscopus tytleri 1281Ø Phylloscopus umbrovirens 155ØØ Pica nuttalli 1549Ø Pica pica 15493 Pica pica mauritanica 15492 Pica pica melanotus 15491 Pica pica pica 341ØØ Picathartes oreas 2734Ø Picumnus albosquamatus Ø849Ø Picumnus innominatus Ø858Ø Picus awokera Ø855Ø Picus canus Ø853Ø Picus chlorolophus Ø854Ø Picus flavinucha Ø859Ø Picus squamatus Ø857Ø Picus vaillantii Ø856Ø Picus viridis Ø8562 Picus viridis sharpei Ø8561 Picus viridis viridis 3411Ø Pinarocorys erythropygia Ø637Ø Pinguinus impennis 1699Ø Pinicola enucleator 18ØØØ Pipilo aberti 1797Ø Pipilo chlorurus 1798Ø Pipilo erythrophthalmus 1799Ø Pipilo fuscus

2735Ø Pipra fasciicauda 1784Ø Piranga bidentata 1789Ø Piranga erythrocephala 1785Ø Piranga flava 1787Ø Piranga ludoviciana 1788Ø Piranga olivacea 1786Ø Piranga rubra Ø94ØØ Pitangus sulphuratus 3412Ø Pitta angolensis Ø951Ø Pitta brachyura Ø146Ø Platalea ajaja 3413Ø Platalea alba Ø144Ø Platalea leucorodia Ø145Ø Platalea minor 3414Ø Platysteira blissetti 3415Ø Platysteira castanea 3416Ø Platysteira concreta 227ØØ Platysteira cyanea 185ØØ Plectrophenax nivalis 185Ø2 Plectrophenax nivalis insulae 185Ø1 Plectrophenax nivalis nivalis Ø174Ø Plectropterus gambensis Ø137Ø Plegadis chihi Ø136Ø Plegadis falcinellus 228ØØ Plocepasser mahali 3417Ø Plocepasser superciliosus 3418Ø Ploceus albinucha 3419Ø Ploceus aurantius 342ØØ Ploceus baglafecht 3421Ø Ploceus bannermani 3422Ø Ploceus bicolor 2641Ø Ploceus capitalis 264ØØ Ploceus castaneiceps 2ØØ3Ø Ploceus cucullatus 1612Ø Ploceus galbula 3423Ø Ploceus heuglini 3424Ø Ploceus insignis 2642Ø Ploceus intermedius 3425Ø Ploceus luteolus 2Ø41Ø Ploceus melanocephalus 3426Ø Ploceus nigricollis 3427Ø Ploceus ocularis 3428Ø Ploceus pelzelni 3429Ø Ploceus tricolor 343ØØ Ploceus vitellinus Ø485Ø Pluvialis apricaria Ø4852 Pluvialis apricaria altifrons Ø4851 Pluvialis apricaria apricaria Ø484Ø Pluvialis dominica Ø4841 Pluvialis dominica dominica Ø4842 Pluvialis dominica fulva Ø486Ø Pluvialis squatarola Ø463Ø Pluvianus aegyptius 1358Ø Pnoepyga albiventer 1359Ø Pnoepyga pusilla 3431Ø Podica senegalensis ØØ11Ø Podiceps auritus ØØØ9Ø Podiceps cristatus ØØ1ØØ Podiceps grisegena ØØ12Ø Podiceps nigricollis ØØ129 Podiceps sp. ØØØ6Ø Podilymbus podiceps 1552Ø Podoces biddulphi 1551Ø Podoces hendersoni 1553Ø Podoces panderi 1554Ø Podoces pleskei 3432Ø Poeoptera lugubris 2Ø44Ø Poephila guttata 3433Ø Pogoniulus atroflavus 3434Ø Pogoniulus bilineatus 3435Ø Pogoniulus chrysoconus 3436Ø Pogoniulus coryphaeus 3437Ø Pogoniulus pusillus 3438Ø Pogoniulus scolopaceus 3439Ø Pogoniulus subsulphureus 344ØØ Poicephalus gulielmi 3441Ø Poicephalus robustus 3442Ø Poicephalus senegalus 3443Ø Polemaetus bellicosus 3444Ø Poliolais lopezi 1321Ø Polioptila caerulea 2736Ø Polioptila dumicola 27361 Polioptila dumicola dumicola 1319Ø Polioptila melanura 132ØØ Polioptila nigriceps 3445Ø Polyboroides typus


Ø3Ø2Ø Polyborus plancus Ø2Ø9Ø Polysticta stelleri 1356Ø Pomatorhinus erythrogenys 1357Ø Pomatorhinus ruficollis 1825Ø Pooecetes gramineus Ø427Ø Porphyrio porphyrio Ø4272 Porphyrio porphyrio madagascariensis Ø4271 Porphyrio porphyrio porphyrio Ø425Ø Porphyrula alleni 2Ø15Ø Porphyrula flavirostris Ø426Ø Porphyrula martinica Ø416Ø Porzana bicolor Ø4Ø9Ø Porzana carolina Ø413Ø Porzana cinerea Ø414Ø Porzana fusca Ø412Ø Porzana marginalis Ø41ØØ Porzana parva Ø415Ø Porzana paykullii Ø4Ø8Ø Porzana porzana Ø411Ø Porzana pusilla Ø4169 Porzana sp. 123ØØ Prinia atrogularis 1229Ø Prinia criniger 3446Ø Prinia fluviatilis 1227Ø Prinia gracilis 1228Ø Prinia inornata 3447Ø Prinia subflava 3448Ø Prionops caniceps 2649Ø Prionops plumatus 278ØØ Procellaria aequinoctialis 2779Ø Procellaria cinera 2781Ø Procellaria parkinsoni 2782Ø Procellaria westlandica 3449Ø Prodotiscus insignis 345ØØ Prodotiscus regulus Ø987Ø Progne chalybea Ø988Ø Progne dominicensis Ø989Ø Progne subis 17ØØØ Propyrrhula subhimachala 1761Ø Protonotaria citrea 1Ø9ØØ Prunella atrogularis 1Ø94Ø Prunella collaris 1Ø89Ø Prunella fagani 1Ø87Ø Prunella fulvescens 1Ø93Ø Prunella himalayana 1Ø82Ø Prunella immaculata 1Ø91Ø Prunella koslowi 1Ø84Ø Prunella modularis 1Ø86Ø Prunella montanella 1Ø88Ø Prunella ocularis 1Ø92Ø Prunella rubeculoides 1Ø83Ø Prunella rubida 1Ø949 Prunella sp. 1Ø85Ø Prunella strophiata 3451Ø Psalidoprocne fuliginosa 3452Ø Psalidoprocne holomelas 3453Ø Psalidoprocne nitens 3454Ø Psalidoprocne obscura 1431Ø Psaltriparus minimus 3455Ø Pseudhirundo griseopyga 3456Ø Pseudoalcippe abyssinica 2737Ø Pseudocolopteryx sclateri 1555Ø Pseudopodoces humilis Ø713Ø Psittacula derbiana 2661Ø Psittacula eupatria Ø714Ø Psittacula himalayana Ø712Ø Psittacula krameri 3457Ø Psittacus erithacus 3458Ø Pternistis ahantensis 3459Ø Pternistis bicalcaratus 346ØØ Pternistis clappertoni 3461Ø Pternistis squamatus Ø662Ø Pterocles alchata Ø658Ø Pterocles coronatus Ø66ØØ Pterocles exustus Ø657Ø Pterocles lichtensteinii Ø661Ø Pterocles orientalis 3462Ø Pterocles quadricinctus Ø659Ø Pterocles senegallus ØØ24Ø Pterodroma arminjoniana 2Ø12Ø Pterodroma brevirostris 2Ø49Ø Pterodroma cahow ØØ31Ø Pterodroma cookii ØØ29Ø Pterodroma hasitata ØØ3ØØ Pterodroma hypoleuca 2Ø33Ø Pterodroma incerta

ØØ27Ø Pterodroma inexpectata ØØ33Ø Pterodroma leucoptera ØØ32Ø Pterodroma longirostris ØØ26Ø Pterodroma mollis ØØ262 Pterodroma mollis feae ØØ263 Pterodroma mollis madeira ØØ261 Pterodroma mollis mollis ØØ25Ø Pterodroma neglecta ØØ28Ø Pterodroma solandri 3463Ø Pteronetta hartlaubii 141ØØ Pteruthius flaviscapis 1411Ø Pteruthius xanthochloris 1Ø45Ø Ptilogonys cinereus 3464Ø Ptilopachus petrosus 3465Ø Ptilostomus afer Ø648Ø Ptychoramphus aleuticus Ø99ØØ Ptyonoprogne fuligula Ø991Ø Ptyonoprogne rupestris Ø382Ø Pucrasia macrolopha ØØ48Ø Puffinus assimilis ØØ481 Puffinus assimilis assimilis ØØ485 Puffinus assimilis bannermani ØØ482 Puffinus assimilis baroli ØØ483 Puffinus assimilis boydi ØØ484 Puffinus assimilis persicus ØØ47Ø Puffinus auricularis ØØ42Ø Puffinus bulleri ØØ38Ø Puffinus carneipes ØØ39Ø Puffinus creatopus ØØ4ØØ Puffinus gravis ØØ43Ø Puffinus griseus ØØ49Ø Puffinus lherminieri ØØ45Ø Puffinus nativitatis ØØ41Ø Puffinus pacificus ØØ46Ø Puffinus puffinus ØØ463 Puffinus puffinus mauretanicus ØØ461 Puffinus puffinus puffinus ØØ462 Puffinus puffinus yelkouan ØØ499 Puffinus sp. ØØ44Ø Puffinus tenuirostris 1Ø37Ø Pycnonotus barbatus 1Ø35Ø Pycnonotus leucogenys 1Ø34Ø Pycnonotus sinensis 1Ø36Ø Pycnonotus xanthopygos 1Ø33Ø Pycnonotus xanthorrhous 2Ø2ØØ Pygoscelis adeliae 2Ø21Ø Pygoscelis antarctica 2Ø22Ø Pygoscelis papua 3466Ø Pyrenestes ostrinus Ø912Ø Pyrocephalus rubinus 1558Ø Pyrrhocorax graculus 1559Ø Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax 17Ø3Ø Pyrrhoplectes epauletta 17Ø7Ø Pyrrhula aurantiaca 17Ø9Ø Pyrrhula erythaca 17Ø8Ø Pyrrhula erythrocephala 17Ø6Ø Pyrrhula nipalensis 171ØØ Pyrrhula pyrrhula 171Ø4 Pyrrhula pyrrhula cineracea 171Ø2 Pyrrhula pyrrhula europaeus 171Ø5 Pyrrhula pyrrhula murina 171Ø3 Pyrrhula pyrrhula pileata 171Ø1 Pyrrhula pyrrhula pyrrhula 26ØØØ Pyrrhura orcesi 3467Ø Pyrrhurus scandens 3468Ø Pytilia hypogrammica 3469Ø Pytilia melba 347ØØ Pytilia phoenicoptera 2Ø24Ø Quelea quelea 19Ø4Ø Quiscalus major 19Ø2Ø Quiscalus mexicanus 19Ø3Ø Quiscalus palustris 19Ø5Ø Quiscalus quiscula Ø4Ø3Ø Rallina eurizonoides Ø4Ø7Ø Rallus aquaticus Ø4Ø5Ø Rallus elegans Ø4Ø6Ø Rallus limicola Ø4Ø4Ø Rallus longirostris 2738Ø Ramphocelus carbo Ø96ØØ Ramphocoris clotbey Ø457Ø Recurvirostra americana Ø456Ø Recurvirostra avosetta 1313Ø Regulus calendula 1315Ø Regulus ignicapillus 13153 Regulus ignicapillus balearicus 13151 Regulus ignicapillus ignicapillus

13152 Regulus ignicapillus teneriffaeDELETED 1314Ø Regulus regulus 13141 Regulus regulus regulus 13142 Regulus regulus teneriffae 1316Ø Regulus satrapa 13169 Regulus sp. 149ØØ Remiz pendulinus 149Ø2 Remiz pendulinus coronatus 149Ø3 Remiz pendulinus macronyx 149Ø1 Remiz pendulinus pendulinus 3471Ø Rhaphidura sabini 3472Ø Rhinopomastus aterrimus 3473Ø Rhinoptilus chalcopterus 1352Ø Rhipidura albicollis 1351Ø Rhipidura hypoxantha 2Ø28Ø Rhodopechys githaginea (=1676Ø Bucanetes githagineus) 1673Ø Rhodopechys sanguinea 151ØØ Rhodophoneus cruentus 1674Ø Rhodospiza obsoleta Ø6Ø1Ø Rhodostethia rosea 189ØØ Rhodothraupis celaeno 1232Ø Rhopophilus pekinensis 1129Ø Rhyacornis fuliginosus Ø7Ø9Ø Rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha Ø71ØØ Rhynchopsitta terrisi 1647Ø Rhynchostruthus socotranus 99999 Ring destroyed or lost 3474Ø Riparia cincta Ø98ØØ Riparia paludicola Ø981Ø Riparia riparia Ø6Ø3Ø Rissa brevirostris Ø6Ø2Ø Rissa tridactyla Ø449Ø Rostratula benghalensis Ø237Ø Rostrhamus sociabilis Ø633Ø Rynchops flavirostris Ø632Ø Rynchops nigra 3475Ø Sagittarius serpentarius 1Ø57Ø Salpinctes mexicanus 1Ø56Ø Salpinctes obsoletus 3476Ø Salpornis spilonotus 2739Ø Saltator maximus Ø86ØØ Sapheopipo noguchii 3477Ø Sarkidiornis melanotos 3478Ø Sarothrura boehmi 3479Ø Sarothrura elegans 348ØØ Sarothrura pulchra 3481Ø Sarothrura rufa 274ØØ Satrapa icterophrys Ø73ØØ Saurothera merlini 1141Ø Saxicola caprata 1138Ø Saxicola dacotiae 1142Ø Saxicola ferrea 114ØØ Saxicola insignis 1136Ø Saxicola macrorhyncha 1137Ø Saxicola rubetra 11429 Saxicola sp. 1139Ø Saxicola torquata 11395 Saxicola torquata hibernans 11394 Saxicola torquata maura 11393 Saxicola torquata rubicola 11392 Saxicola torquata stejnegeri 11391 Saxicola torquata torquata 116ØØ Saxicoloides fulicata Ø91ØØ Sayornis nigricans Ø9Ø9Ø Sayornis phoebe Ø911Ø Sayornis saya Ø699Ø Scardafella squammata 2741Ø Schiffornis turdinus 2742Ø Schistochlamys melanopis 3482Ø Schoenicola brevirostris Ø531Ø Scolopax minor Ø53ØØ Scolopax mira Ø529Ø Scolopax rusticola Ø126Ø Scopus umbretta 1231Ø Scotocerca inquieta 3483Ø Scotopelia bouvieri 3484Ø Scotopelia peli 1278Ø Seicercus burkii 1756Ø Seiurus aurocapillus 1758Ø Seiurus motacilla 1757Ø Seiurus noveboracensis Ø821Ø Selasphorus platycercus Ø822Ø Selasphorus rufus Ø823Ø Selasphorus sasin 3485Ø Serinus burtoni


1642Ø Serinus canaria 1644Ø Serinus citrinella 16441 Serinus citrinella citrinella 16442 Serinus citrinella corsicana 3486Ø Serinus gularis 3487Ø Serinus leucopygius 1646Ø Serinus menachensis 3488Ø Serinus mozambicus 1639Ø Serinus pusillus 1645Ø Serinus rothschildi 164ØØ Serinus serinus 1641Ø Serinus syriacus 1643Ø Serinus thibetanus 2743Ø Serpophaga munda 1755Ø Setophaga ruticilla 3489Ø Sheppardia cyornithopsis 1132Ø Sialia currucoides 1133Ø Sialia mexicana 1134Ø Sialia sialis 1472Ø Sitta canadensis 1476Ø Sitta carolinensis 1478Ø Sitta castanea 1479Ø Sitta europaea 14792 Sitta europaea asiatica 14793 Sitta europaea caesia 14791 Sitta europaea europaea 1477Ø Sitta himalayensis 1469Ø Sitta krueperi 1471Ø Sitta ledanti 1475Ø Sitta leucopsis 1481Ø Sitta neumayer 1474Ø Sitta pusilla 1473Ø Sitta pygmaea 148ØØ Sitta tephronota 1468Ø Sitta villosa 147ØØ Sitta whiteheadi 1467Ø Sitta yunnanensis 2744Ø Sittasomus griseicapillus 349ØØ Smithornis capensis 3491Ø Smithornis rufolateralis 3492Ø Smithornis sharpei Ø2Ø8Ø Somateria fischeri Ø2Ø6Ø Somateria mollissima Ø2Ø63 Somateria mollissima borealis Ø2Ø62 Somateria mollissima faeroeensis Ø2Ø61 Somateria mollissima mollissima Ø2Ø64 Somateria mollissima nigrum Ø2Ø89 Somateria sp. Ø2Ø7Ø Somateria spectabilis 24995 Species not accepted ØØØØØ Species unknown 136ØØ Spelaeornis troglodytoides 3493Ø Spermestes bicolor 3494Ø Spermestes cucullatus 3495Ø Spermestes fringilloides 255ØØ Spermophaga haematina Ø873Ø Sphyrapicus nuchalis Ø874Ø Sphyrapicus ruber Ø875Ø Sphyrapicus thyroideus Ø872Ø Sphyrapicus varius 3496Ø Spiloptila clamans Ø258Ø Spilornis cheela 179ØØ Spindalis zena 1884Ø Spiza americana 3497Ø Spizaetus africanus Ø3ØØØ Spizaetus nipalensis 1817Ø Spizella arborea 1823Ø Spizella atrogularis 182ØØ Spizella breweri 1819Ø Spizella pallida 1818Ø Spizella passerina 1821Ø Spizella pusilla 1822Ø Spizella wortheni 1Ø31Ø Spizixos canifrons 1Ø32Ø Spizixos semitorques 2745Ø Sporophila caerulescens 2746Ø Sporophila collaris 2747Ø Sporophila leucoptera 27472 Sporophila leucoptera bicolor 27471 Sporophila leucoptera leucoptera 2748Ø Sporophila ruficollis 18Ø4Ø Sporophila torqueola 3498Ø Sporopipes frontalis 1361Ø Stachyris ruficeps Ø982Ø Stelgidopteryx ruficollis Ø819Ø Stellula calliope

Ø568Ø Stercorarius longicaudus Ø57ØØ Stercorarius maccormicki Ø567Ø Stercorarius parasiticus Ø566Ø Stercorarius pomarinus Ø569Ø Stercorarius skua Ø5693 Stercorarius skua antarcticus Ø5692 Stercorarius skua loennbergi Ø5691 Stercorarius skua skua Ø57Ø9 Stercorarius sp. Ø624Ø Sterna albifrons Ø617Ø Sterna aleutica Ø622Ø Sterna anaethetus 3499Ø Sterna balaenarum Ø6Ø9Ø Sterna bengalensis Ø6Ø8Ø Sterna bergii Ø6Ø6Ø Sterna caspia Ø614Ø Sterna dougallii Ø612Ø Sterna elegans Ø618Ø Sterna forsteri Ø623Ø Sterna fuscata 2Ø35Ø Sterna hirundinacea Ø615Ø Sterna hirundo Ø621Ø Sterna lunata Ø6Ø7Ø Sterna maxima Ø616Ø Sterna paradisaea Ø62ØØ Sterna repressa Ø611Ø Sterna sandvicensis Ø625Ø Sterna saundersi Ø6259 Sterna sp. Ø613Ø Sterna sumatrana Ø619Ø Sterna trudeaui 2Ø7ØØ Sterna vittata Ø61ØØ Sterna zimmermanni 242ØØ Stiphrornis erythrothorax Ø691Ø Streptopelia chinensis Ø684Ø Streptopelia decaocto 35ØØØ Streptopelia decipiens 35Ø1Ø Streptopelia hypopyrrha Ø688Ø Streptopelia lugens Ø689Ø Streptopelia orientalis Ø683Ø Streptopelia roseogrisea Ø685Ø Streptopelia semitorquata Ø69ØØ Streptopelia senegalensis Ø69Ø2 Streptopelia senegalensis phoenicophila Ø69Ø1 Streptopelia senegalensis senegalensis Ø6919 Streptopelia sp. Ø686Ø Streptopelia tranquebarica Ø687Ø Streptopelia turtur 2651Ø Streptopelia vinacea Ø7719 Strigidae Ø761Ø Strix aluco Ø762Ø Strix butleri Ø76ØØ Strix leptogrammica Ø766Ø Strix nebulosa Ø764Ø Strix occidentalis Ø7669 Strix sp. Ø765Ø Strix uralensis Ø763Ø Strix varia 35Ø2Ø Strix woodfordii ØØØ1Ø Struthio camelus 19Ø7Ø Sturnella magna 19Ø6Ø Sturnella neglecta 1585Ø Sturnus cineraceus 1577Ø Sturnus pagodarum 158ØØ Sturnus philippensis 1584Ø Sturnus roseus 1578Ø Sturnus sericeus 1581Ø Sturnus sinensis 15859 Sturnus sp. 1579Ø Sturnus sturninus 1583Ø Sturnus unicolor 1582Ø Sturnus vulgaris ØØ71Ø Sula bassana ØØ712 Sula bassana capensis 2Ø5ØØ Sula capensis (= ØØ712 Sula bassana capensis) ØØ68Ø Sula dactylatra ØØ7ØØ Sula leucogaster ØØ69Ø Sula nebouxii ØØ67Ø Sula sula Ø75ØØ Surnia ulula 1277Ø Sylvia atricapilla 12771 Sylvia atricapilla atricapilla 12772 Sylvia atricapilla heineken 1276Ø Sylvia borin 1265Ø Sylvia cantillans

12653 Sylvia cantillans albistrata 12651 Sylvia cantillans cantillans 12652 Sylvia cantillans moltoni 1275Ø Sylvia communis 1264Ø Sylvia conspicillata 1274Ø Sylvia curruca 12742 Sylvia curruca blythi 12741 Sylvia curruca curruca 12743 Sylvia curruca halimodendri 12744 Sylvia curruca minula 1263Ø Sylvia deserticola 1272Ø Sylvia hortensis 12723 Sylvia hortensis balchanica 12722 Sylvia hortensis crassirostris 12721 Sylvia hortensis hortensis 12724 Sylvia hortensis jerdoni 1271Ø Sylvia leucomelaena 1267Ø Sylvia melanocephala 12672 Sylvia melanocephala leucogastra 12671 Sylvia melanocephala melanocephala 1268Ø Sylvia melanothorax 12682 Sylvia melanothorax cypria 12681 Sylvia melanothorax melanothorax 2658Ø Sylvia minula 1266Ø Sylvia mystacea 127ØØ Sylvia nana 1273Ø Sylvia nisoria 1269Ø Sylvia rueppelli 1261Ø Sylvia sarda 12612 Sylvia sarda balearica 12611 Sylvia sarda sarda 12779 Sylvia sp. 1262Ø Sylvia undata 229ØØ Sylvietta brachyura 35Ø3Ø Sylvietta denti 244ØØ Sylvietta virens 1438Ø Sylviparus modestus 2749Ø Synallaxis albescens 275ØØ Synallaxis gujanensis 2751Ø Synallaxis hypospodia Ø645Ø Synthliboramphus antiquus Ø646Ø Synthliboramphus wumizusume Ø393Ø Syrmaticus reevesii Ø392Ø Syrmaticus soemmerringii Ø663Ø Syrrhaptes paradoxus Ø664Ø Syrrhaptes tibetanus ØØØ8Ø Tachybaptus dominicus ØØØ7Ø Tachybaptus ruficollis Ø984Ø Tachycineta albilinea Ø983Ø Tachycineta bicolor Ø986Ø Tachycineta cyaneoviridis Ø985Ø Tachycineta thalassina 35Ø4Ø Tachymarptis aequatorialis 2666Ø Tadorna cana Ø172Ø Tadorna cristata Ø171Ø Tadorna ferruginea 2665Ø Tadorna radjah Ø173Ø Tadorna tadorna 2667Ø Tadorna tadornoides 2668Ø Tadorna variegata 2752Ø Tapera naevia 2753Ø Taraba major 1114Ø Tarsiger chrysaeus 1113Ø Tarsiger cyanurus 1116Ø Tarsiger hyperythrus 1115Ø Tarsiger indicus 35Ø5Ø Tauraco leucolophus 35Ø6Ø Tauraco macrorhynchus 35Ø7Ø Tauraco persa 35Ø8Ø Tchagra australis 35Ø9Ø Tchagra minuta 15Ø9Ø Tchagra senegala 248ØØ Tchitrea rufiventer (= 23ØØØ Terpsiphone rufiventer) 351ØØ Telacanthura melanopygia 3511Ø Telacanthura ussheri 3512Ø Telophorus multicolor 3513Ø Telophorus sulfureopectus 1Ø24Ø Tephrodornis pondicerianus Ø257Ø Terathopius ecaudatus 1355Ø Terpsiphone atrocaudata 1354Ø Terpsiphone paradisi 23ØØØ Terpsiphone rufiventer 3514Ø Terpsiphone rufocinerea 1353Ø Terpsiphone viridis 1212Ø Tesia castaneocoronata


Ø333Ø Tetrao mlokosiewiczi Ø334Ø Tetrao parvirostris Ø332Ø Tetrao tetrix Ø335Ø Tetrao urogallus Ø354Ø Tetraogallus altaicus Ø351Ø Tetraogallus caspius Ø35ØØ Tetraogallus caucasicus Ø352Ø Tetraogallus himalayensis Ø353Ø Tetraogallus tibetanus Ø348Ø Tetraophasis obscurus Ø349Ø Tetraophasis szechenyii Ø442Ø Tetrax tetrax 2ØØ2Ø Thalassoica antarctica 3515Ø Thalassornis leuconotus 3516Ø Thamnolaea cinnamomeiventris 3517Ø Thamnolaea coronata 2754Ø Thamnophilus doliatus 27541 Thamnophilus doliatus doliatus 2755Ø Thamnophilus punctatus 2756Ø Thamnophilus schistaceus 3518Ø Thescelocichla leucopleura 2757Ø Thlypopsis sordida 2758Ø Thraupis palmarum 2759Ø Thraupis sayaca Ø142Ø Threskiornis aethiopicus Ø143Ø Threskiornis melanocephalus 1Ø6ØØ Thryomanes bewickii 1Ø61Ø Thryothorus felix 276ØØ Thryothorus genibarbis 2761Ø Thryothorus guarayanus 1Ø63Ø Thryothorus ludovicianus 1Ø62Ø Thryothorus maculipectus 1Ø64Ø Thryothorus sinaloa 18Ø3Ø Tiaris bicolor 18Ø2Ø Tiaris canora 1482Ø Tichodroma muraria 3519Ø Tigriornis leucolophus Ø9Ø5Ø Tityra semifasciata 352ØØ Tockus camurus 3521Ø Tockus erythrorhynchus 3522Ø Tockus fasciatus 3523Ø Tockus hartlaubi Ø847Ø Tockus nasutus 2762Ø Todirostrum latirostre 2763Ø Tolmomyias sulphurescens Ø254Ø Torgos tracheliotus 1Ø71Ø Toxostoma bendirei 1Ø72Ø Toxostoma cinereum 1Ø74Ø Toxostoma curvirostre 1Ø76Ø Toxostoma dorsale 1Ø75Ø Toxostoma lecontei 1Ø7ØØ Toxostoma longirostre 1Ø73Ø Toxostoma ocellatum 1Ø77Ø Toxostoma redivivum 1Ø69Ø Toxostoma rufum 3524Ø Trachyphonus margaritatus 3525Ø Trachyphonus purpuratus Ø38ØØ Tragopan blythii Ø378Ø Tragopan melanocephalus Ø379Ø Tragopan satyra Ø381Ø Tragopan temminckii 3526Ø Treron calva Ø7Ø6Ø Treron formosae Ø7Ø5Ø Treron sieboldii Ø7Ø4Ø Treron sphenura Ø7Ø3Ø Treron waalia 25ØØØ Trichastoma moloneyanum iboensis (taxonomic origin unknown) 3527Ø Tricholaema hirsuta 3528Ø Trigonoceps occipitalis Ø545Ø Tringa erythropus Ø551Ø Tringa flavipes Ø554Ø Tringa glareola Ø549Ø Tringa guttifer Ø55ØØ Tringa melanoleuca Ø548Ø Tringa nebularia Ø553Ø Tringa ochropus Ø552Ø Tringa solitaria Ø547Ø Tringa stagnatilis Ø546Ø Tringa totanus Ø5462 Tringa totanus robusta Ø5461 Tringa totanus totanus 231ØØ Trochocercus cyanomelas 3529Ø Trochocercus nitens 1Ø65Ø Troglodytes aedon 1Ø66Ø Troglodytes troglodytes

Ø825Ø Trogon elegans 2764Ø Trogon melanurus Ø824Ø Trogon mexicanus 353ØØ Tropicranus albocristatus Ø516Ø Tryngites subruficollis 1377Ø Turdoides altirostris 1378Ø Turdoides caudatus 138ØØ Turdoides fulvus 3531Ø Turdoides plebejus 3532Ø Turdoides reinwardtii 1379Ø Turdoides squamiceps 12Ø6Ø Turdus albicollis 1185Ø Turdus albocinctus 2765Ø Turdus amaurochalinus 1184Ø Turdus cardis 1191Ø Turdus celaenops 119ØØ Turdus chrysolaus 1192Ø Turdus feae 12Ø5Ø Turdus grayi 2766Ø Turdus hauxwelli 1193Ø Turdus hortulorum 12Ø1Ø Turdus iliacus 12Ø12 Turdus iliacus coburni 12Ø11 Turdus iliacus iliacus 1189Ø Turdus kessleri 1182Ø Turdus menachensis 1187Ø Turdus merula 11872 Turdus merula cabrerae 11871 Turdus merula merula 12Ø3Ø Turdus migratorius 1199Ø Turdus mupinensis 1196Ø Turdus naumanni 11962 Turdus naumanni eunomus 11961 Turdus naumanni naumanni 1195Ø Turdus obscurus 1194Ø Turdus pallidus 2653Ø Turdus pelios 12ØØØ Turdus philomelos 12ØØ2 Turdus philomelos clarkei 12ØØ1 Turdus philomelos philomelos 1198Ø Turdus pilaris 1188Ø Turdus rubrocanus 1197Ø Turdus ruficollis 11972 Turdus ruficollis atrogularis 11971 Turdus ruficollis ruficollis 12Ø4Ø Turdus rufopalliatus 12Ø69 Turdus sp. 1186Ø Turdus torquatus 11862 Turdus torquatus alpestris 11861 Turdus torquatus torquatus 1183Ø Turdus unicolor 12Ø2Ø Turdus viscivorus 3533Ø Turnix nana Ø4Ø2Ø Turnix suscitator Ø4ØØØ Turnix sylvatica Ø4Ø1Ø Turnix tanki 3534Ø Turtur abyssinicus 2ØØ1Ø Turtur afer 3535Ø Turtur brehmeri 3536Ø Turtur tympanistria 233ØØ Tympanistria tympanistria Ø336Ø Tympanuchus cupido Ø337Ø Tympanuchus phasianellus Ø947Ø Tyrannus caudifasciatus Ø944Ø Tyrannus couchii Ø943Ø Tyrannus crassirostris Ø946Ø Tyrannus cubensis Ø945Ø Tyrannus dominicensis Ø948Ø Tyrannus tyrannus Ø942Ø Tyrannus verticalis Ø941Ø Tyrannus vociferans Ø735Ø Tyto alba Ø7351 Tyto alba alba Ø7352 Tyto alba guttata 3537Ø Upupa africana (= Ø8467 U.e.a.) Ø846Ø Upupa epops Ø8467 Upupa epops africana Ø8462 Upupa epops ceylonensis Ø8461 Upupa epops epops Ø8463 Upupa epops longirostris Ø8464 Upupa epops major Ø8468 Upupa epops marginata Ø8465 Upupa epops senegalensis Ø8466 Upupa epops waibeli 1614Ø Uraeginthus bengalus 17Ø4Ø Uragus sibiricus

Ø634Ø Uria aalge Ø635Ø Uria lomvia Ø6359 Uria sp. 1546Ø Urocissa erythrorhyncha 1545Ø Urocissa flavirostris 3538Ø Urocolius macrourus 17Ø5Ø Urocynchramus pylzowi 3539Ø Urolais epichlora 354ØØ Urotriorchis macrourus 2647Ø Vanellus albiceps 3541Ø Vanellus crassirostris 3542Ø Vanellus lugubris 3543Ø Vanellus senegallus 3544Ø Vanellus superciliosus 3545Ø Vanellus tectus Ø493Ø Vanellus vanellus 2767Ø Veniliornis passerinus 1721Ø Vermivora bachmanii 1725Ø Vermivora celata 1722Ø Vermivora chrysoptera 1728Ø Vermivora crissalis 1729Ø Vermivora luciae 1724Ø Vermivora peregrina 1723Ø Vermivora pinus 1726Ø Vermivora ruficapilla 173ØØ Vermivora superciliosa 1727Ø Vermivora virginiae 3546Ø Vidua chalybeata 3547Ø Vidua funerea 3548Ø Vidua interjecta 3549Ø Vidua larvaticola 2643Ø Vidua macroura 355ØØ Vidua maryae 3551Ø Vidua nigeriae 3552Ø Vidua paradisaea 3553Ø Vidua raricola 3554Ø Vidua wilsoni 1634Ø Vireo altiloquus 1621Ø Vireo atricapillus 1625Ø Vireo bellii 1624Ø Vireo crassirostris 1628Ø Vireo flavifrons 1632Ø Vireo flavoviridis 1635Ø Vireo gilvus 1623Ø Vireo griseus 1629Ø Vireo huttoni 163ØØ Vireo hypochryseus 1633Ø Vireo olivaceus 1622Ø Vireo pallens 1631Ø Vireo philadelphicus 1627Ø Vireo solitarius 1626Ø Vireo vicinior 18Ø5Ø Volatinia jacarina 1773Ø Wilsonia canadensis 1771Ø Wilsonia citrina 1772Ø Wilsonia pusilla 1911Ø Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus 2768Ø Xenops tenuirostris Ø925Ø Xenotriccus mexicanus Ø555Ø Xenus cinereus Ø9Ø2Ø Xiphorhynchus flavigaster 2769Ø Xiphorhynchus guttatus 27691 Xiphorhynchus guttatus guttatus 277ØØ Xiphorhynchus picus 2771Ø Xolmis velata 1428Ø Yuhina diademata 1427Ø Yuhina gularis 143ØØ Yuhina nigrimenta 1429Ø Yuhina occipitalis Ø697Ø Zenaida asiatica Ø696Ø Zenaida aurita Ø695Ø Zenaida macroura 184ØØ Zonotrichia albicollis 1841Ø Zonotrichia atricapilla 1837Ø Zonotrichia georgiana 1834Ø Zonotrichia iliaca 18341 Zonotrichia iliaca iliaca 1839Ø Zonotrichia leucophrys 1836Ø Zonotrichia lincolnii 1835Ø Zonotrichia melodia (= Melospiza melodia) 1838Ø Zonotrichia querula 3555Ø Zoothera crossleyi 117ØØ Zoothera dauma 1169Ø Zoothera dixoni 1168Ø Zoothera mollissima 1172Ø Zoothera naevia


1173Ø Zoothera pinicola 3556Ø Zoothera princei 1171Ø Zoothera sibirica 15Ø4Ø Zosterops abyssinica 15Ø2Ø Zosterops erythropleura 15Ø3Ø Zosterops japonica 15Ø1Ø Zosterops palpebrosa 3557Ø Zosterops senegalensis 15Ø49 Zosterops sp. 9ØØ52 domesicated duck x Ø186Ø ('domesticus' male x A.p.female)


Species in order of EURING-code: ØØØØØ Species unknown 24995 Species not accepted 24997 Cage & exotic birds 24998 Hybrids & intermediates 99999 Ring destroyed or lost ØØØ59 Gavia sp. ØØ129 Podiceps sp. ØØ499 Puffinus sp. ØØ639 Oceanodroma sp. ØØ849 Phalacrocorax sp. ØØ919 Pelecanus sp. Ø1219 Egretta sp. Ø1259 Ardea sp. Ø1349 Ciconia sp. Ø1559 Cygnus sp. Ø1659 Anser spp. Ø1699 Branta sp. Ø1949 Anas sp. Ø2Ø59 Aythya sp. Ø2Ø89 Somateria sp. Ø2239 Mergus sp. Ø2399 Milvus sp. Ø2649 Circus sp. Ø2749 Accipiter sp. Ø2919 Buteo spp. Ø2979 Aquila sp. Ø3219 Falco sp. Ø3699 Perdix sp. Ø4169 Porzana sp. Ø44Ø9 Grus sp. Ø4689 Glareola sp. Ø4839 Charadrius sp. Ø5129 Calidris spp. Ø5439 Numenius sp. Ø5659 Limicolae Ø57Ø9 Stercorarius sp. Ø6ØØ9 Larus sp. Ø6259 Sterna sp. Ø6289 Chlidonias sp. Ø6359 Uria sp. Ø64Ø9 Cepphus spp. Ø6429 Brachyramphus sp. Ø6829 Columba sp. Ø6919 Streptopelia sp. Ø7669 Strix sp. Ø7719 Strigidae Ø7839 Caprimulgus spp. Ø8ØØ9 Apus spp. Ø8979 Dendrocopos sp. Ø9739 Galerida sp. Ø9799 Alauda sp. 1ØØ19 Hirundinidae 1Ø159 Anthus spp. 1Ø239 Motacilla sp. 1Ø949 Prunella sp. 11129 Luscinia sp. 11289 Phoenicurus sp. 11429 Saxicola sp. 11589 Oenanthe sp. 12Ø69 Turdus sp. 12399 Locustella sp. 12549 Acrocephalus sp. 126Ø9 Hippolais sp. 12779 Sylvia sp. 13129 Phylloscopus sp. 13169 Regulus sp. 13369 Muscicapa sp. 14669 Parus sp. 15Ø49 Zosterops sp. 15249 Lanius sp. 15749 Corvus sp. 15859 Sturnus sp. 16ØØ9 Passer sp. 16389 Fringilla sp. 16649 Carduelis spp. 16689 Loxia sp. 18819 Emberiza sp. 2Ø439 Estrilda sp. 2Ø459 Lonchura sp. 99999 Ring destroyed or lost

ØØØØØ Species unknown ØØØ1Ø Struthio camelus ØØØ2Ø Gavia stellata ØØØ3Ø Gavia arctica ØØØ31 Gavia arctica arctica ØØØ32 Gavia arctica viridigularis ØØØ4Ø Gavia immer ØØØ5Ø Gavia adamsii ØØØ59 Gavia sp. ØØØ6Ø Podilymbus podiceps ØØØ7Ø Tachybaptus ruficollis ØØØ8Ø Tachybaptus dominicus ØØØ9Ø Podiceps cristatus ØØ1ØØ Podiceps grisegena ØØ11Ø Podiceps auritus ØØ12Ø Podiceps nigricollis ØØ129 Podiceps sp. ØØ13Ø Aechmophorus occidentalis ØØ14Ø Diomedea melanophris ØØ15Ø Diomedea chlororhynchos ØØ16Ø Diomedea cauta ØØ17Ø Diomedea nigripes ØØ18Ø Diomedea immutabilis ØØ19Ø Diomedea albatrus ØØ2ØØ Diomedea exulans ØØ21Ø Macronectes giganteus ØØ22Ø Fulmarus glacialis ØØ221 Fulmarus glacialis glacialis ØØ23Ø Daption capense ØØ24Ø Pterodroma arminjoniana ØØ25Ø Pterodroma neglecta ØØ26Ø Pterodroma mollis ØØ261 Pterodroma mollis mollis ØØ262 Pterodroma mollis feae ØØ263 Pterodroma mollis madeira ØØ27Ø Pterodroma inexpectata ØØ28Ø Pterodroma solandri ØØ29Ø Pterodroma hasitata ØØ3ØØ Pterodroma hypoleuca ØØ31Ø Pterodroma cookii ØØ32Ø Pterodroma longirostris ØØ33Ø Pterodroma leucoptera ØØ34Ø Bulweria bulwerii ØØ35Ø Bulweria fallax ØØ36Ø Calonectris diomedea ØØ37Ø Calonectris leucomelas ØØ38Ø Puffinus carneipes ØØ39Ø Puffinus creatopus ØØ4ØØ Puffinus gravis ØØ41Ø Puffinus pacificus ØØ42Ø Puffinus bulleri ØØ43Ø Puffinus griseus ØØ44Ø Puffinus tenuirostris ØØ45Ø Puffinus nativitatis ØØ46Ø Puffinus puffinus ØØ461 Puffinus puffinus puffinus ØØ462 Puffinus puffinus yelkouan ØØ463 Puffinus puffinus mauretanicus ØØ47Ø Puffinus auricularis ØØ48Ø Puffinus assimilis ØØ481 Puffinus assimilis assimilis ØØ482 Puffinus assimilis baroli ØØ483 Puffinus assimilis boydi ØØ484 Puffinus assimilis persicus ØØ485 Puffinus assimilis bannermani ØØ49Ø Puffinus lherminieri ØØ499 Puffinus sp. ØØ5ØØ Oceanites oceanicus ØØ51Ø Pelagodroma marina ØØ52Ø Hydrobates pelagicus ØØ521 Hydrobates pelagicus pelagicus ØØ522 Hydrobates pelagicus melitensis ØØ53Ø Halocyptena microsoma ØØ54Ø Oceanodroma furcata ØØ55Ø Oceanodroma leucorhoa ØØ56Ø Oceanodroma monorhis ØØ57Ø Oceanodroma homochroa ØØ58Ø Oceanodroma castro ØØ59Ø Oceanodroma tethys ØØ6ØØ Oceanodroma melania ØØ61Ø Oceanodroma matsudairae ØØ62Ø Oceanodroma macrodactyla ØØ63Ø Oceanodroma tristrami

ØØ639 Oceanodroma sp. ØØ64Ø Phaethon aethereus ØØ65Ø Phaethon rubricauda ØØ66Ø Phaethon lepturus ØØ67Ø Sula sula ØØ68Ø Sula dactylatra ØØ69Ø Sula nebouxii ØØ7ØØ Sula leucogaster ØØ71Ø Sula bassana ØØ712 Sula bassana capensis ØØ72Ø Phalacrocorax carbo ØØ721 Phalacrocorax carbo carbo ØØ722 Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis ØØ73Ø Phalacrocorax capillatus ØØ74Ø Phalacrocorax perspicillatus ØØ75Ø Phalacrocorax pelagicus ØØ76Ø Phalacrocorax urile ØØ77Ø Phalacrocorax penicillatus ØØ78Ø Phalacrocorax auritus ØØ79Ø Phalacrocorax olivaceus ØØ8ØØ Phalacrocorax aristotelis ØØ8Ø1 Phalacrocorax aristotelis aristotelis ØØ8Ø2 Phalacrocorax aristotelis desmarestii ØØ81Ø Phalacrocorax nigrogularis ØØ82Ø Phalacrocorax pygmeus ØØ83Ø Phalacrocorax africanus ØØ84Ø Phalacrocorax niger ØØ849 Phalacrocorax sp. ØØ85Ø Anhinga anhinga ØØ86Ø Anhinga melanogaster ØØ87Ø Pelecanus erythrorhynchos ØØ88Ø Pelecanus onocrotalus ØØ89Ø Pelecanus crispus ØØ9ØØ Pelecanus rufescens ØØ91Ø Pelecanus occidentalis ØØ919 Pelecanus sp. ØØ92Ø Fregata minor ØØ93Ø Fregata magnificens ØØ94Ø Fregata ariel ØØ95Ø Botaurus stellaris ØØ96Ø Botaurus lentiginosus ØØ97Ø Ixobrychus exilis ØØ98Ø Ixobrychus minutus ØØ99Ø Ixobrychus sinensis Ø1ØØØ Ixobrychus eurhythmus Ø1Ø1Ø Ixobrychus cinnamomeus Ø1Ø2Ø Ardeirallus sturmii Ø1Ø3Ø Gorsachius goisagi Ø1Ø4Ø Nycticorax nycticorax Ø1Ø5Ø Nycticorax caledonicus Ø1Ø6Ø Nycticorax violaceus Ø1Ø7Ø Butorides striatus Ø1Ø8Ø Ardeola ralloides Ø1Ø9Ø Ardeola grayii Ø11ØØ Ardeola bacchus Ø111Ø Bubulcus ibis Ø112Ø Hydranassa caerulea Ø113Ø Hydranassa tricolor Ø114Ø Hydranassa rufescens Ø115Ø Egretta thula Ø116Ø Egretta eulophotes Ø117Ø Egretta sacra Ø118Ø Egretta gularis Ø1181 Egretta gularis gularis Ø1182 Egretta gularis schistacea Ø119Ø Egretta garzetta Ø12ØØ Egretta intermedia Ø121Ø Egretta alba Ø1219 Egretta sp. Ø122Ø Ardea cinerea Ø123Ø Ardea herodias Ø124Ø Ardea purpurea Ø125Ø Ardea goliath Ø1259 Ardea sp. Ø126Ø Scopus umbretta Ø127Ø Mycteria americana Ø128Ø Mycteria leucocephala Ø129Ø Mycteria ibis Ø13ØØ Anastomus oscitans Ø131Ø Ciconia nigra Ø132Ø Ciconia abdimii Ø133Ø Ciconia episcopus Ø134Ø Ciconia ciconia


Ø1349 Ciconia sp. Ø135Ø Leptoptilos crumeniferus Ø136Ø Plegadis falcinellus Ø137Ø Plegadis chihi Ø138Ø Eudocimus albus Ø139Ø Eudocimus ruber Ø14ØØ Geronticus eremita Ø141Ø Nipponia nippon Ø142Ø Threskiornis aethiopicus Ø143Ø Threskiornis melanocephalus Ø144Ø Platalea leucorodia Ø145Ø Platalea minor Ø146Ø Platalea ajaja Ø147Ø Phoenicopterus ruber Ø1471 Phoenicopterus ruber ruber Ø1472 Phoenicopterus ruber roseus Ø148Ø Phoenicopterus minor Ø149Ø Dendrocygna bicolor Ø15ØØ Dendrocygna arborea Ø151Ø Dendrocygna autumnalis Ø152Ø Cygnus olor Ø153Ø Cygnus columbianus Ø1531 Cygnus columbianus columbianus Ø1532 Cygnus columbianus bewickii Ø154Ø Cygnus cygnus Ø155Ø Cygnus buccinator Ø1559 Cygnus sp. Ø156Ø Anser cygnoides Ø157Ø Anser fabalis Ø1571 Anser fabalis fabalis Ø1572 Anser fabalis jonanseni Ø1573 Anser fabalis neglecticus Ø1574 Anser fabalis rossicus Ø158Ø Anser brachyrhynchus Ø159Ø Anser albifrons Ø1591 Anser albifrons albifrons Ø1592 Anser albifrons flavirostris Ø16ØØ Anser erythropus Ø161Ø Anser anser Ø162Ø Anser indicus Ø163Ø Anser caerulescens Ø1631 Anser caerulescens caerulescens Ø1632 Anser caerulescens atlanticus Ø164Ø Anser rossii Ø165Ø Anser canagicus Ø1659 Anser spp. Ø166Ø Branta canadensis Ø1661 Branta canadensis canadensis Ø1662 Branta canadensis occidentalis Ø1663 Branta canadensis parvipes Ø1664 Branta canadensis hutchinsii Ø1665 Branta canadensis asiatica Ø167Ø Branta leucopsis Ø168Ø Branta bernicla Ø1681 Branta bernicla bernicla Ø1682 Branta bernicla hrota Ø1683 Branta bernicla nigricans Ø169Ø Branta ruficollis Ø1699 Branta sp. Ø17ØØ Alopochen aegyptiacus Ø171Ø Tadorna ferruginea Ø172Ø Tadorna cristata Ø173Ø Tadorna tadorna Ø174Ø Plectropterus gambensis Ø175Ø Cairina moschata Ø176Ø Nettapus coromandelianus Ø177Ø Aix sponsa Ø178Ø Aix galericulata Ø179Ø Anas penelope Ø18ØØ Anas americana Ø181Ø Anas falcata Ø182Ø Anas strepera Ø183Ø Anas formosa Ø184Ø Anas crecca Ø1841 Anas crecca crecca Ø1842 Anas crecca carolinensis Ø1843 Anas crecca nimia Ø185Ø Anas capensis Ø186Ø Anas platyrhynchos Ø187Ø Anas rubripes Ø188Ø Anas poecilorhyncha Ø189Ø Anas acuta Ø19ØØ Anas bahamensis Ø191Ø Anas querquedula Ø192Ø Anas discors Ø193Ø Anas cyanoptera

Ø194Ø Anas clypeata Ø1949 Anas sp. Ø195Ø Marmaronetta angustirostris Ø196Ø Netta rufina Ø197Ø Aythya valisineria Ø198Ø Aythya ferina Ø199Ø Aythya americana Ø2ØØØ Aythya collaris Ø2Ø1Ø Aythya baeri Ø2Ø2Ø Aythya nyroca Ø2Ø3Ø Aythya fuligula Ø2Ø4Ø Aythya marila Ø2Ø5Ø Aythya affinis Ø2Ø59 Aythya sp. Ø2Ø6Ø Somateria mollissima Ø2Ø61 Somateria mollissima mollissima Ø2Ø62 Somateria mollissima faeroeensis Ø2Ø63 Somateria mollissima borealis Ø2Ø64 Somateria mollissima nigrum Ø2Ø7Ø Somateria spectabilis Ø2Ø8Ø Somateria fischeri Ø2Ø89 Somateria sp. Ø2Ø9Ø Polysticta stelleri Ø21ØØ Camptorhynchus labradorius Ø211Ø Histrionicus histrionicus Ø212Ø Clangula hyemalis Ø213Ø Melanitta nigra Ø2131 Melanitta nigra nigra Ø2132 Melanitta nigra americana Ø214Ø Melanitta perspicillata Ø215Ø Melanitta fusca Ø2151 Melanitta fusca fusca Ø2152 Melanitta fusca deglandi Ø2153 Melanitta fusca stejnegeri Ø216Ø Bucephala albeola Ø217Ø Bucephala islandica Ø218Ø Bucephala clangula Ø219Ø Mergus cucullatus Ø22ØØ Mergus albellus Ø221Ø Mergus serrator Ø222Ø Mergus squamatus Ø223Ø Mergus merganser Ø2239 Mergus sp. Ø224Ø Oxyura dominica Ø225Ø Oxyura jamaicensis Ø226Ø Oxyura leucocephala Ø227Ø Cathartes aura Ø228Ø Coragyps atratus Ø229Ø Gymnogyps californianus Ø23ØØ Chondrohierax uncinatus Ø231Ø Pernis apivorus Ø232Ø Pernis ptilorhyncus Ø233Ø Elanoides forficatus Ø234Ø Elanus leucurus Ø235Ø Elanus caeruleus Ø236Ø Ictinia mississippiensis Ø237Ø Rostrhamus sociabilis Ø238Ø Milvus migrans Ø239Ø Milvus milvus Ø2399 Milvus sp. Ø24ØØ Haliastur indus Ø241Ø Haliaeetus vocifer Ø242Ø Haliaeetus leucoryphus Ø243Ø Haliaeetus albicilla Ø244Ø Haliaeetus leucocephalus Ø245Ø Haliaeetus pelagicus Ø246Ø Gypaetus barbatus Ø247Ø Neophron percnopterus Ø248Ø Necrosyrtes monachus Ø249Ø Gyps bengalensis Ø25ØØ Gyps indicus Ø251Ø Gyps fulvus Ø252Ø Gyps himalayensis Ø253Ø Gyps rueppellii Ø254Ø Torgos tracheliotus Ø255Ø Aegypius monachus Ø256Ø Circaetus gallicus Ø257Ø Terathopius ecaudatus Ø258Ø Spilornis cheela Ø259Ø Geranospiza caerulescens Ø26ØØ Circus aeruginosus Ø261Ø Circus cyaneus Ø262Ø Circus macrourus Ø263Ø Circus pygargus Ø264Ø Circus melanoleucus Ø2649 Circus sp.

Ø265Ø Melierax metabates Ø266Ø Micronisus gabar Ø267Ø Accipiter gentilis Ø268Ø Accipiter virgatus Ø269Ø Accipiter nisus Ø2692 Accipiter nisus nisosimilis Ø27ØØ Accipiter striatus Ø271Ø Accipiter soloensis Ø272Ø Accipiter badius Ø273Ø Accipiter brevipes Ø274Ø Accipiter cooperii Ø2749 Accipiter sp. Ø275Ø Butastur teesa Ø276Ø Butastur indicus Ø277Ø Buteogallus anthracinus Ø278Ø Parabuteo unicinctus Ø279Ø Buteo nitidus Ø28ØØ Buteo platypterus Ø281Ø Buteo lineatus Ø282Ø Buteo swainsonii Ø283Ø Buteo brachyurus Ø284Ø Buteo albicaudatus Ø285Ø Buteo albonotatus Ø286Ø Buteo jamaicensis Ø287Ø Buteo buteo Ø2871 Buteo buteo buteo Ø2872 Buteo buteo vulpinus Ø2873 Buteo buteo insularum Ø288Ø Buteo rufinus Ø289Ø Buteo hemilasius Ø29ØØ Buteo lagopus Ø291Ø Buteo regalis Ø2919 Buteo spp. Ø292Ø Aquila pomarina Ø293Ø Aquila clanga Ø294Ø Aquila rapax Ø2941 Aquila rapax rapax Ø2942 Aquila rapax nipalensis Ø295Ø Aquila heliaca Ø2951 Aquila heliaca heliaca Ø2952 Aquila heliaca adalberti Ø296Ø Aquila chrysaetos Ø297Ø Aquila verreauxii Ø2979 Aquila sp. Ø298Ø Hieraaetus pennatus Ø299Ø Hieraaetus fasciatus Ø3ØØØ Spizaetus nipalensis Ø3Ø1Ø Pandion haliaetus Ø3Ø2Ø Polyborus plancus Ø3Ø3Ø Falco naumanni Ø3Ø4Ø Falco tinnunculus Ø3Ø5Ø Falco sparverius Ø3Ø6Ø Falco chicquera Ø3Ø7Ø Falco vespertinus Ø3Ø8Ø Falco amurensis Ø3Ø9Ø Falco columbarius Ø3Ø92 Falco columbarius subaesalon Ø31ØØ Falco subbuteo Ø311Ø Falco eleonorae Ø312Ø Falco concolor Ø313Ø Falco femoralis Ø314Ø Falco biarmicus Ø315Ø Falco jugger Ø316Ø Falco cherrug Ø317Ø Falco altaicus Ø318Ø Falco rusticolus Ø319Ø Falco mexicanus Ø32ØØ Falco peregrinus Ø32Ø1 Falco peregrinus peregrinus Ø32Ø2 Falco peregrinus brookei Ø321Ø Falco pelegrinoides Ø3219 Falco sp. Ø322Ø Ortalis vetula Ø323Ø Dendragapus falcipennis Ø324Ø Dendragapus canadensis Ø325Ø Dendragapus obscurus Ø326Ø Bonasa bonasia Ø327Ø Bonasa sewerzowi Ø328Ø Bonasa umbellus Ø329Ø Lagopus lagopus Ø3291 Lagopus lagopus lagopus Ø3292 Lagopus lagopus scoticus Ø33ØØ Lagopus mutus Ø331Ø Lagopus leucurus Ø332Ø Tetrao tetrix Ø333Ø Tetrao mlokosiewiczi


Ø334Ø Tetrao parvirostris Ø335Ø Tetrao urogallus Ø336Ø Tympanuchus cupido Ø337Ø Tympanuchus phasianellus Ø338Ø Centrocercus urophasianus Ø339Ø Callipepla picta Ø34ØØ Callipepla squamata Ø341Ø Callipepla californica Ø342Ø Callipepla gambelii Ø343Ø Callipepla douglasii Ø344Ø Philortyx fasciatus Ø345Ø Colinus virginianus Ø346Ø Cyrtonyx montezumae Ø347Ø Lerwa lerwa Ø348Ø Tetraophasis obscurus Ø349Ø Tetraophasis szechenyii Ø35ØØ Tetraogallus caucasicus Ø351Ø Tetraogallus caspius Ø352Ø Tetraogallus himalayensis Ø353Ø Tetraogallus tibetanus Ø354Ø Tetraogallus altaicus Ø355Ø Alectoris chukar Ø356Ø Alectoris magna Ø357Ø Alectoris graeca Ø358Ø Alectoris rufa Ø359Ø Alectoris barbara Ø36ØØ Alectoris philbyi Ø361Ø Alectoris melanocephala Ø362Ø Ammoperdix griseogularis Ø363Ø Ammoperdix heyi Ø364Ø Francolinus francolinus Ø365Ø Francolinus pondicerianus Ø366Ø Francolinus bicalcaratus Ø367Ø Perdix perdix Ø368Ø Perdix dauuricae Ø369Ø Perdix hodgsoniae Ø3699 Perdix sp. Ø37ØØ Coturnix coturnix Ø371Ø Coturnix japonica Ø372Ø Perdicula asiatica Ø373Ø Arborophila torqueola Ø374Ø Arborophila rufogularis Ø375Ø Arborophila rufipectus Ø376Ø Bambusicola thoracica Ø377Ø Ithaginis cruentus Ø378Ø Tragopan melanocephalus Ø379Ø Tragopan satyra Ø38ØØ Tragopan blythii Ø381Ø Tragopan temminckii Ø382Ø Pucrasia macrolopha Ø383Ø Lophophorus impejanus Ø384Ø Lophophorus sclateri Ø385Ø Lophophorus lhuysii Ø386Ø Gallus gallus Ø387Ø Lophura leucomelana Ø388Ø Crossoptilon crossoptilon Ø389Ø Crossoptilon mantchuricum Ø39ØØ Crossoptilon auritum Ø391Ø Catreus wallichii Ø392Ø Syrmaticus soemmerringii Ø393Ø Syrmaticus reevesii Ø394Ø Phasianus colchicus Ø395Ø Phasianus versicolor Ø396Ø Chrysolophus pictus Ø397Ø Chrysolophus amherstiae Ø398Ø Numida meleagris Ø399Ø Meleagris gallopavo Ø4ØØØ Turnix sylvatica Ø4Ø1Ø Turnix tanki Ø4Ø2Ø Turnix suscitator Ø4Ø3Ø Rallina eurizonoides Ø4Ø4Ø Rallus longirostris Ø4Ø5Ø Rallus elegans Ø4Ø6Ø Rallus limicola Ø4Ø7Ø Rallus aquaticus Ø4Ø8Ø Porzana porzana Ø4Ø9Ø Porzana carolina Ø41ØØ Porzana parva Ø411Ø Porzana pusilla Ø412Ø Porzana marginalis Ø413Ø Porzana cinerea Ø414Ø Porzana fusca Ø415Ø Porzana paykullii Ø416Ø Porzana bicolor Ø4169 Porzana sp. Ø417Ø Coturnicops exquisita

Ø418Ø Coturnicops noveboracensis Ø419Ø Laterallus jamaicensis Ø42ØØ Limnocorax flavirostra Ø421Ø Crex crex Ø422Ø Amaurornis akool Ø423Ø Amaurornis phoenicurus Ø424Ø Gallinula chloropus Ø425Ø Porphyrula alleni Ø426Ø Porphyrula martinica Ø427Ø Porphyrio porphyrio Ø4271 Porphyrio porphyrio porphyrio Ø4272 Porphyrio porphyrio madagascariensis Ø428Ø Gallicrex cinerea Ø429Ø Fulica atra Ø43ØØ Fulica americana Ø431Ø Fulica cristata Ø432Ø Aramus guarauna Ø433Ø Grus grus Ø434Ø Grus nigricollis Ø435Ø Grus monacha Ø436Ø Grus canadensis Ø437Ø Grus vipio Ø438Ø Grus japonensis Ø439Ø Grus americana Ø44ØØ Grus leucogeranus Ø44Ø9 Grus sp. Ø441Ø Anthropoides virgo Ø442Ø Tetrax tetrax Ø443Ø Neotis denhami Ø444Ø Chlamydotis undulata Ø4441 Chlamydotis undulata undulata Ø4442 Chlamydotis undulata macqueenii Ø4443 Chlamydotis undulata fuertaventurae Ø445Ø Ardeotis arabs Ø446Ø Otis tarda Ø447Ø Hydrophasianus chirurgus Ø448Ø Jacana spinosa Ø449Ø Rostratula benghalensis Ø45ØØ Haematopus ostralegus Ø451Ø Haematopus palliatus Ø452Ø Haematopus bachmani Ø453Ø Haematopus moquini Ø454Ø Ibidorhyncha struthersii Ø455Ø Himantopus himantopus Ø456Ø Recurvirostra avosetta Ø457Ø Recurvirostra americana Ø458Ø Dromas ardeola Ø459Ø Burhinus oedicnemus Ø46ØØ Burhinus senegalensis Ø461Ø Burhinus capensis Ø462Ø Esacus recurvirostris Ø463Ø Pluvianus aegyptius Ø464Ø Cursorius cursor Ø465Ø Glareola pratincola Ø466Ø Glareola maldivarum Ø467Ø Glareola nordmanni Ø468Ø Glareola lactea Ø4689 Glareola sp. Ø469Ø Charadrius dubius Ø47ØØ Charadrius hiaticula Ø47Ø1 Charadrius hiaticula hiaticula Ø47Ø2 Charadrius hiaticula tundrae Ø471Ø Charadrius semipalmatus Ø472Ø Charadrius placidus Ø473Ø Charadrius wilsonia Ø474Ø Charadrius vociferus Ø475Ø Charadrius melodus Ø476Ø Charadrius pecuarius Ø477Ø Charadrius alexandrinus Ø478Ø Charadrius mongolus Ø4781 Charadrius mongolus mongolus Ø4782 Charadrius mongolus pamirensis Ø4783 Charadrius mongolus atrifrons Ø4784 Charadrius mongolus schaeferi Ø4785 Charadrius mongolus stegmanni Ø479Ø Charadrius leschenaultii Ø48ØØ Charadrius asiaticus Ø481Ø Charadrius veredus Ø482Ø Charadrius morinellus Ø483Ø Charadrius montanus Ø4839 Charadrius sp. Ø484Ø Pluvialis dominica Ø4841 Pluvialis dominica dominica Ø4842 Pluvialis dominica fulva

Ø485Ø Pluvialis apricaria Ø4851 Pluvialis apricaria apricaria Ø4852 Pluvialis apricaria altifrons Ø486Ø Pluvialis squatarola Ø487Ø Hoplopterus spinosus Ø488Ø Hoplopterus tectus Ø489Ø Hoplopterus cinereus Ø49ØØ Hoplopterus indicus Ø491Ø Chettusia gregaria Ø492Ø Chettusia leucura Ø493Ø Vanellus vanellus Ø494Ø Aphriza virgata Ø495Ø Calidris tenuirostris Ø496Ø Calidris canutus Ø4961 Calidris canutus canutus Ø4962 Calidris canutus islandicus Ø497Ø Calidris alba Ø498Ø Calidris pusilla Ø499Ø Calidris mauri Ø5ØØØ Calidris ruficollis Ø5Ø1Ø Calidris minuta Ø5Ø2Ø Calidris temminckii Ø5Ø3Ø Calidris subminuta Ø5Ø4Ø Calidris minutilla Ø5Ø5Ø Calidris fuscicollis Ø5Ø6Ø Calidris bairdii Ø5Ø7Ø Calidris melanotos Ø5Ø8Ø Calidris acuminata Ø5Ø9Ø Calidris ferruginea Ø51ØØ Calidris maritima Ø511Ø Calidris ptilocnemis Ø512Ø Calidris alpina Ø5121 Calidris alpina alpina Ø5122 Calidris alpina arctica Ø5123 Calidris alpina schinzii Ø5128 Calidris alpina schinzii / arctica Ø5129 Calidris spp. Ø513Ø Eurynorhynchus pygmeus Ø514Ø Limicola falcinellus Ø515Ø Micropalama himantopus Ø516Ø Tryngites subruficollis Ø517Ø Philomachus pugnax Ø518Ø Lymnocryptes minimus Ø519Ø Gallinago gallinago Ø52ØØ Gallinago media Ø521Ø Gallinago stenura Ø522Ø Gallinago megala Ø523Ø Gallinago hardwickii Ø524Ø Gallinago solitaria Ø525Ø Gallinago nemoricola Ø526Ø Limnodromus griseus Ø527Ø Limnodromus scolopaceus Ø528Ø Limnodromus semipalmatus Ø529Ø Scolopax rusticola Ø53ØØ Scolopax mira Ø531Ø Scolopax minor Ø532Ø Limosa limosa Ø5321 Limosa limosa limosa Ø5322 Limosa limosa islandica Ø533Ø Limosa haemastica Ø534Ø Limosa lapponica Ø5341 Limosa lapponica lapponica Ø535Ø Limosa fedoa Ø536Ø Numenius minutus Ø537Ø Numenius borealis Ø538Ø Numenius phaeopus Ø539Ø Numenius tahitiensis Ø54ØØ Numenius tenuirostris Ø541Ø Numenius arquata Ø542Ø Numenius americanus Ø543Ø Numenius madagascariensis Ø5439 Numenius sp. Ø544Ø Bartramia longicauda Ø545Ø Tringa erythropus Ø546Ø Tringa totanus Ø5461 Tringa totanus totanus Ø5462 Tringa totanus robusta Ø547Ø Tringa stagnatilis Ø548Ø Tringa nebularia Ø549Ø Tringa guttifer Ø55ØØ Tringa melanoleuca Ø551Ø Tringa flavipes Ø552Ø Tringa solitaria Ø553Ø Tringa ochropus Ø554Ø Tringa glareola Ø555Ø Xenus cinereus


Ø556Ø Actitis hypoleucos Ø557Ø Actitis macularia Ø558Ø Heteroscelus brevipes Ø559Ø Heteroscelus incanus Ø56ØØ Catoptrophorus semipalmatus Ø561Ø Arenaria interpres Ø562Ø Arenaria melanocephala Ø563Ø Phalaropus tricolor Ø564Ø Phalaropus lobatus Ø565Ø Phalaropus fulicaria Ø5659 Limicolae Ø566Ø Stercorarius pomarinus Ø567Ø Stercorarius parasiticus Ø568Ø Stercorarius longicaudus Ø569Ø Stercorarius skua Ø5691 Stercorarius skua skua Ø5692 Stercorarius skua loennbergi Ø5693 Stercorarius skua antarcticus Ø57ØØ Stercorarius maccormicki Ø57Ø9 Stercorarius sp. Ø571Ø Larus hemprichii Ø572Ø Larus leucophthalmus Ø573Ø Larus ichthyaetus Ø574Ø Larus relictus Ø575Ø Larus melanocephalus Ø576Ø Larus atricilla Ø577Ø Larus pipixcan Ø578Ø Larus minutus Ø579Ø Larus sabini Ø58ØØ Larus saundersi Ø581Ø Larus philadelphia Ø582Ø Larus ridibundus Ø583Ø Larus brunnicephalus Ø584Ø Larus cirrocephalus Ø585Ø Larus genei Ø586Ø Larus heermanni Ø587Ø Larus crassirostris Ø588Ø Larus audouinii Ø589Ø Larus delawarensis Ø59ØØ Larus canus Ø59Ø1 Larus canus canus Ø59Ø2 Larus canus heinei Ø591Ø Larus fuscus Ø5911 Larus fuscus fuscus Ø5912 Larus fuscus graellsii Ø5913 Larus fuscus intermedius Ø592Ø Larus argentatus Ø5921 Larus argentatus argentatus Ø5922 Larus argentatus heuglini Ø5923 Larus argentatus taimyrensis Ø5924 Larus argentatus vegae Ø5925 Larus argentatus atlantis Ø5926 Larus argentatus michahellis Ø5927 Larus argentatus cachinnans Ø5928 Larus argentatus argenteus Ø593Ø Larus californicus Ø594Ø Larus occidentalis Ø595Ø Larus schistisagus Ø596Ø Larus glaucescens Ø597Ø Larus thayeri Ø598Ø Larus glaucoides Ø5981 Larus glaucoides glaucoides Ø5982 Larus glaucoides kumlieni Ø599Ø Larus hyperboreus Ø6ØØØ Larus marinus Ø6ØØ9 Larus sp. Ø6Ø1Ø Rhodostethia rosea Ø6Ø2Ø Rissa tridactyla Ø6Ø3Ø Rissa brevirostris Ø6Ø4Ø Pagophila eburnea Ø6Ø5Ø Gelochelidon nilotica Ø6Ø6Ø Sterna caspia Ø6Ø7Ø Sterna maxima Ø6Ø8Ø Sterna bergii Ø6Ø9Ø Sterna bengalensis Ø61ØØ Sterna zimmermanni Ø611Ø Sterna sandvicensis Ø612Ø Sterna elegans Ø613Ø Sterna sumatrana Ø614Ø Sterna dougallii Ø615Ø Sterna hirundo Ø616Ø Sterna paradisaea Ø617Ø Sterna aleutica Ø618Ø Sterna forsteri Ø619Ø Sterna trudeaui Ø62ØØ Sterna repressa

Ø621Ø Sterna lunata Ø622Ø Sterna anaethetus Ø623Ø Sterna fuscata Ø624Ø Sterna albifrons Ø625Ø Sterna saundersi Ø6259 Sterna sp. Ø626Ø Chlidonias hybridus Ø627Ø Chlidonias niger Ø628Ø Chlidonias leucopterus Ø6289 Chlidonias sp. Ø629Ø Anous tenuirostris Ø63ØØ Anous stolidus Ø631Ø Gygis alba Ø632Ø Rynchops nigra Ø633Ø Rynchops flavirostris Ø634Ø Uria aalge Ø635Ø Uria lomvia Ø6359 Uria sp. Ø636Ø Alca torda Ø637Ø Pinguinus impennis Ø638Ø Cepphus grylle Ø639Ø Cepphus columba Ø64ØØ Cepphus carbo Ø64Ø9 Cepphus spp. Ø641Ø Brachyramphus marmoratus Ø6411 Brachyramphus m. marmoratus Ø6412 Brachyramphus m. perdix Ø642Ø Brachyramphus brevirostris Ø6429 Brachyramphus sp. Ø643Ø Endomychura hypoleuca Ø644Ø Endomychura craveri Ø645Ø Synthliboramphus antiquus Ø646Ø Synthliboramphus wumizusume Ø647Ø Alle alle Ø648Ø Ptychoramphus aleuticus Ø649Ø Aethia cristatella Ø65ØØ Aethia pygmaea Ø651Ø Aethia pusilla Ø652Ø Cyclorrhynchus psittacula Ø653Ø Cerorhinca monocerata Ø654Ø Fratercula arctica Ø655Ø Fratercula corniculata Ø656Ø Lunda cirrhata Ø657Ø Pterocles lichtensteinii Ø658Ø Pterocles coronatus Ø659Ø Pterocles senegallus Ø66ØØ Pterocles exustus Ø661Ø Pterocles orientalis Ø662Ø Pterocles alchata Ø663Ø Syrrhaptes paradoxus Ø664Ø Syrrhaptes tibetanus Ø665Ø Columba livia Ø666Ø Columba rupestris Ø667Ø Columba leuconota Ø668Ø Columba oenas Ø669Ø Columba eversmanni Ø67ØØ Columba palumbus Ø671Ø Columba trocaz Ø672Ø Columba bollii Ø673Ø Columba junoniae Ø674Ø Columba hodgsonii Ø675Ø Columba pulchricollis Ø676Ø Columba janthina Ø677Ø Columba versicolor Ø678Ø Columba jouyi Ø679Ø Columba leucocephala Ø68ØØ Columba squamosa Ø681Ø Columba fasciata Ø682Ø Columba flavirostris Ø6829 Columba sp. Ø683Ø Streptopelia roseogrisea Ø684Ø Streptopelia decaocto Ø685Ø Streptopelia semitorquata Ø686Ø Streptopelia tranquebarica Ø687Ø Streptopelia turtur Ø688Ø Streptopelia lugens Ø689Ø Streptopelia orientalis Ø69ØØ Streptopelia senegalensis Ø69Ø1 Streptopelia senegalensis senegalensis Ø69Ø2 Streptopelia senegalensis phoenicophila Ø691Ø Streptopelia chinensis Ø6919 Streptopelia sp. Ø692Ø Oena capensis Ø693Ø Chalcophaps indica

Ø694Ø Ectopistes migratorius Ø695Ø Zenaida macroura Ø696Ø Zenaida aurita Ø697Ø Zenaida asiatica Ø698Ø Columbigallina passerina Ø699Ø Scardafella squammata Ø7ØØØ Leptotila verreauxi Ø7Ø1Ø Geotrygon chrysia Ø7Ø2Ø Geotrygon montana Ø7Ø3Ø Treron waalia Ø7Ø4Ø Treron sphenura Ø7Ø5Ø Treron sieboldii Ø7Ø6Ø Treron formosae Ø7Ø7Ø Aratinga holochlora Ø7Ø8Ø Conuropsis carolinensis Ø7Ø9Ø Rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha Ø71ØØ Rhynchopsitta terrisi Ø711Ø Amazona leucocephala Ø712Ø Psittacula krameri Ø713Ø Psittacula derbiana Ø714Ø Psittacula himalayana Ø715Ø Clamator jacobinus Ø716Ø Clamator glandarius Ø717Ø Hierococcyx fugax Ø718Ø Hierococcyx sparverioides Ø719Ø Chrysococcyx maculatus Ø72ØØ Chrysococcyx caprius Ø721Ø Chrysococcyx klaas Ø722Ø Cacomantis merulinus Ø723Ø Cuculus micropterus Ø724Ø Cuculus canorus Ø725Ø Cuculus saturatus Ø726Ø Cuculus poliocephalus Ø727Ø Coccyzus erythrophthalmus Ø728Ø Coccyzus americanus Ø729Ø Coccyzus minor Ø73ØØ Saurothera merlini Ø731Ø Crotophaga ani Ø732Ø Crotophaga sulcirostris Ø733Ø Geococcyx californianus Ø734Ø Centropus senegalensis Ø735Ø Tyto alba Ø7351 Tyto alba alba Ø7352 Tyto alba guttata Ø736Ø Otus bakkamoena Ø737Ø Otus sunia Ø738Ø Otus brucei Ø739Ø Otus scops Ø74ØØ Otus flammeolus Ø741Ø Otus asio Ø742Ø Otus trichopsis Ø743Ø Bubo virginianus Ø744Ø Bubo bubo Ø745Ø Bubo africanus Ø746Ø Ketupa blakistoni Ø747Ø Ketupa zeylonensis Ø748Ø Ketupa flavipes Ø749Ø Nyctea scandiaca Ø75ØØ Surnia ulula Ø751Ø Glaucidium passerinum Ø752Ø Glaucidium gnoma Ø753Ø Glaucidium brasilianum Ø754Ø Glaucidium brodiei Ø755Ø Micrathene whitneyi Ø756Ø Ninox scutulata Ø757Ø Athene noctua Ø758Ø Athene brama Ø759Ø Athene cunicularia Ø76ØØ Strix leptogrammica Ø761Ø Strix aluco Ø762Ø Strix butleri Ø763Ø Strix varia Ø764Ø Strix occidentalis Ø765Ø Strix uralensis Ø766Ø Strix nebulosa Ø7669 Strix sp. Ø767Ø Asio otus Ø768Ø Asio flammeus Ø769Ø Asio capensis Ø77ØØ Aegolius funereus Ø771Ø Aegolius acadicus Ø7719 Strigidae Ø772Ø Caprimulgus inornatus Ø773Ø Caprimulgus nubicus Ø774Ø Caprimulgus centralasicus Ø775Ø Caprimulgus mahrattensis


Ø776Ø Caprimulgus asiaticus Ø777Ø Caprimulgus indicus Ø778Ø Caprimulgus europaeus Ø779Ø Caprimulgus ruficollis Ø78ØØ Caprimulgus eximius Ø781Ø Caprimulgus aegyptius Ø782Ø Caprimulgus carolinensis Ø783Ø Caprimulgus vociferus Ø7839 Caprimulgus spp. Ø784Ø Phalaenoptilus nuttallii Ø785Ø Nyctidromus albicollis Ø786Ø Chordeiles minor Ø787Ø Chordeiles acutipennis Ø788Ø Cypseloides niger Ø789Ø Collocalia brevirostris Ø79ØØ Chaetura pelagica Ø791Ø Chaetura vauxi Ø792Ø Hirundapus caudacutus Ø793Ø Apus alexandri Ø794Ø Apus unicolor Ø795Ø Apus apus Ø796Ø Apus pallidus Ø797Ø Apus pacificus Ø798Ø Apus melba Ø799Ø Apus caffer Ø8ØØØ Apus affinis Ø8ØØ9 Apus spp. Ø8Ø1Ø Aeronautes saxatilis Ø8Ø2Ø Cypsiurus parvus Ø8Ø3Ø Chlorostilbon ricordii Ø8Ø4Ø Cynanthus latirostris Ø8Ø5Ø Hylocharis xantusii Ø8Ø6Ø Hylocharis leucotis Ø8Ø7Ø Amazilia beryllina Ø8Ø8Ø Amazilia yucatanensis Ø8Ø9Ø Amazilia tzacatl Ø81ØØ Amazilia violiceps Ø811Ø Lampornis clemenciae Ø812Ø Eugenes fulgens Ø813Ø Calliphlox evelynae Ø814Ø Calothorax lucifer Ø815Ø Archilochus colubris Ø816Ø Archilochus alexandri Ø817Ø Archilochus costae Ø818Ø Archilochus anna Ø819Ø Stellula calliope Ø82ØØ Atthis heloisa Ø821Ø Selasphorus platycercus Ø822Ø Selasphorus rufus Ø823Ø Selasphorus sasin Ø824Ø Trogon mexicanus Ø825Ø Trogon elegans Ø826Ø Halcyon coromanda Ø827Ø Halcyon smyrnensis Ø828Ø Halcyon pileata Ø829Ø Halcyon leucocephala Ø83ØØ Halcyon miyakoensis Ø831Ø Alcedo atthis Ø832Ø Chloroceryle americana Ø833Ø Ceryle rudis Ø834Ø Ceryle alcyon Ø835Ø Ceryle torquata Ø836Ø Ceryle lugubris Ø837Ø Merops albicollis Ø838Ø Merops orientalis Ø839Ø Merops superciliosus Ø8391 Merops superciliosus superciliosus Ø8392 Merops superciliosus chrysocercus Ø8393 Merops superciliosus persicus Ø84ØØ Merops apiaster Ø841Ø Coracias garrulus Ø842Ø Coracias abyssinicus Ø843Ø Coracias benghalensis Ø844Ø Eurystomus glaucurus Ø845Ø Eurystomus orientalis Ø846Ø Upupa epops Ø8461 Upupa epops epops Ø8462 Upupa epops ceylonensis Ø8463 Upupa epops longirostris Ø8464 Upupa epops major Ø8465 Upupa epops senegalensis Ø8466 Upupa epops waibeli Ø8467 Upupa epops africana Ø8468 Upupa epops marginata Ø847Ø Tockus nasutus Ø848Ø Jynx torquilla

Ø8481 Jynx torquilla torquilla Ø8482 Jynx torquilla tschusii Ø8483 Jynx torquilla sarudnyi Ø8484 Jynx torquilla chinensis Ø8485 Jynx torquilla himalayana Ø8486 Jynx torquilla mauretanica Ø849Ø Picumnus innominatus Ø85ØØ Colaptes auratus Ø851Ø Colaptes cafer Ø852Ø Colaptes chrysoides Ø853Ø Picus chlorolophus Ø854Ø Picus flavinucha Ø855Ø Picus canus Ø856Ø Picus viridis Ø8561 Picus viridis viridis Ø8562 Picus viridis sharpei Ø857Ø Picus vaillantii Ø858Ø Picus awokera Ø859Ø Picus squamatus Ø86ØØ Sapheopipo noguchii Ø861Ø Dinopium benghalense Ø862Ø Dryocopus pileatus Ø863Ø Dryocopus martius Ø864Ø Dryocopus javensis Ø865Ø Centurus carolinus Ø866Ø Centurus aurifrons Ø867Ø Centurus uropygialis Ø868Ø Centurus superciliaris Ø869Ø Melanerpes erythrocephalus Ø87ØØ Melanerpes formicivorus Ø871Ø Asyndesmus lewis Ø872Ø Sphyrapicus varius Ø873Ø Sphyrapicus nuchalis Ø874Ø Sphyrapicus ruber Ø875Ø Sphyrapicus thyroideus Ø876Ø Dendrocopos major Ø8761 Dendrocopos major major Ø877Ø Dendrocopos leucopterus Ø878Ø Dendrocopos syriacus Ø879Ø Dendrocopos assimilis Ø88ØØ Dendrocopos himalayensis Ø881Ø Dendrocopos darjellensis Ø882Ø Dendrocopos cathpharius Ø883Ø Dendrocopos medius Ø884Ø Dendrocopos leucotos Ø885Ø Dendrocopos hyperythrus Ø886Ø Dendrocopos auriceps Ø887Ø Dendrocopos minor Ø888Ø Dendrocopos canicapillus Ø889Ø Dendrocopos kizuki Ø89ØØ Dendrocopos dorae Ø891Ø Dendrocopos scalaris Ø892Ø Dendrocopos nuttallii Ø893Ø Dendrocopos pubescens Ø894Ø Dendrocopos borealis Ø895Ø Dendrocopos arizonae Ø896Ø Dendrocopos villosus Ø897Ø Dendrocopos albolarvatus Ø8979 Dendrocopos sp. Ø898Ø Dendrocopos tridactylus Ø899Ø Dendrocopos arcticus Ø9ØØØ Campephilus principalis Ø9Ø1Ø Campephilus imperialis Ø9Ø2Ø Xiphorhynchus flavigaster Ø9Ø3Ø Lepidocolaptes leucogaster Ø9Ø4Ø Pachyramphus aglaiae Ø9Ø5Ø Tityra semifasciata Ø9Ø6Ø Myiopagis viridicata Ø9Ø7Ø Elaenia martinica Ø9Ø8Ø Camptostoma imberbe Ø9Ø9Ø Sayornis phoebe Ø91ØØ Sayornis nigricans Ø911Ø Sayornis saya Ø912Ø Pyrocephalus rubinus Ø913Ø Empidonax flaviventris Ø914Ø Empidonax virescens Ø915Ø Empidonax minimus Ø916Ø Empidonax hammondii Ø917Ø Empidonax oberholseri Ø918Ø Empidonax wrightii Ø919Ø Empidonax affinis Ø92ØØ Empidonax difficilis Ø921Ø Empidonax albigularis Ø922Ø Empidonax traillii Ø923Ø Empidonax alnorum Ø924Ø Empidonax fulvifrons

Ø925Ø Xenotriccus mexicanus Ø926Ø Mitrephanes phaeocercus Ø927Ø Contopus caribaeus Ø928Ø Contopus pertinax Ø929Ø Contopus sordidulus Ø93ØØ Contopus virens Ø931Ø Contopus borealis Ø932Ø Myiarchus tuberculifer Ø933Ø Myiarchus nuttingi Ø934Ø Myiarchus cinerascens Ø935Ø Myiarchus stolidus Ø936Ø Myiarchus tyrannulus Ø937Ø Myiarchus crinitus Ø938Ø Myiodynastes luteiventris Ø939Ø Myiozetetes similis Ø94ØØ Pitangus sulphuratus Ø941Ø Tyrannus vociferans Ø942Ø Tyrannus verticalis Ø943Ø Tyrannus crassirostris Ø944Ø Tyrannus couchii Ø945Ø Tyrannus dominicensis Ø946Ø Tyrannus cubensis Ø947Ø Tyrannus caudifasciatus Ø948Ø Tyrannus tyrannus Ø949Ø Muscivora tyrannus Ø95ØØ Muscivora forficata Ø951Ø Pitta brachyura Ø952Ø Mirafra cantillans Ø953Ø Eremopterix nigriceps Ø954Ø Eremalauda dunni Ø955Ø Ammomanes cincturus Ø956Ø Ammomanes phoenicurus Ø957Ø Ammomanes deserti Ø958Ø Alaemon alaudipes Ø959Ø Chersophilus duponti Ø96ØØ Ramphocoris clotbey Ø961Ø Melanocorypha calandra Ø962Ø Melanocorypha bimaculata Ø9621 Melanocorypha bimaculata bimaculata Ø9622 Melanocorypha bimaculata refescens Ø963Ø Melanocorypha maxima Ø964Ø Melanocorypha mongolica Ø965Ø Melanocorypha leucoptera Ø966Ø Melanocorypha yeltoniensis Ø967Ø Calandrella cinerea Ø968Ø Calandrella brachydactyla Ø969Ø Calandrella acutirostris Ø97ØØ Calandrella rufescens Ø97Ø1 Calandrella rufescens rufescens Ø97Ø2 Calandrella rufescens cheleensis Ø971Ø Calandrella raytal Ø972Ø Galerida cristata Ø973Ø Galerida theklae Ø9739 Galerida sp. Ø974Ø Lullula arborea Ø975Ø Alauda gulgula Ø976Ø Alauda arvensis Ø977Ø Alauda razae Ø978Ø Eremophila alpestris Ø979Ø Eremophila bilopha Ø9799 Alauda sp. Ø98ØØ Riparia paludicola Ø981Ø Riparia riparia Ø982Ø Stelgidopteryx ruficollis Ø983Ø Tachycineta bicolor Ø984Ø Tachycineta albilinea Ø985Ø Tachycineta thalassina Ø986Ø Tachycineta cyaneoviridis Ø987Ø Progne chalybea Ø988Ø Progne dominicensis Ø989Ø Progne subis Ø99ØØ Ptyonoprogne fuligula Ø991Ø Ptyonoprogne rupestris Ø992Ø Hirundo rustica Ø993Ø Hirundo tahitica Ø994Ø Hirundo smithii Ø995Ø Hirundo daurica Ø9951 Hirundo daurica daurica Ø9952 Hirundo daurica domicella Ø996Ø Hirundo fluvicola Ø997Ø Hirundo fulva Ø998Ø Hirundo pyrrhonota Ø999Ø Delichon nipalensis 1ØØØØ Delichon dasypus


1ØØ1Ø Delichon urbica 1ØØ19 Hirundinidae 1ØØ2Ø Anthus richardi 1ØØ3Ø Anthus sylvanus 1ØØ4Ø Anthus godlewskii 1ØØ5Ø Anthus campestris 1ØØ6Ø Anthus berthelotii 1ØØ7Ø Anthus similis 1ØØ8Ø Anthus hodgsoni 1ØØ9Ø Anthus trivialis 1Ø1ØØ Anthus gustavi 1Ø11Ø Anthus pratensis 1Ø12Ø Anthus cervinus 1Ø13Ø Anthus roseatus 1Ø14Ø Anthus spinoletta 1Ø141 Anthus spinoletta spinoletta 1Ø142 Anthus spinoletta petrosus 1Ø143 Anthus spinoletta littoralis 1Ø144 Anthus spinoletta rubescens 1Ø15Ø Anthus spragueii 1Ø159 Anthus spp. 1Ø16Ø Dendronanthus indicus 1Ø17Ø Motacilla flava 1Ø171 Motacilla flava flava 1Ø172 Motacilla flava flavissima 1Ø173 Motacilla flava thunbergi 1Ø174 Motacilla flava feldegg 1Ø175 Motacilla flava cinereocapilla 1Ø176 Motacilla flava iberiae 1Ø177 Motacilla flava lutea 1Ø178 Motacilla flava beema 1Ø18Ø Motacilla citreola 1Ø19Ø Motacilla cinerea 1Ø191 Motacilla cinerea cinerea 1Ø192 Motacilla cinerea canariensis 1Ø2ØØ Motacilla alba 1Ø2Ø1 Motacilla alba alba 1Ø2Ø2 Motacilla alba yarrellii 1Ø2Ø3 Motacilla alba personata 1Ø2Ø4 Motacilla alba dukhunensis 1Ø21Ø Motacilla grandis 1Ø22Ø Motacilla maderaspatensis 1Ø23Ø Motacilla aguimp 1Ø239 Motacilla sp. 1Ø24Ø Tephrodornis pondicerianus 1Ø25Ø Coracina melaschistos 1Ø26Ø Pericrocotus ethologus 1Ø27Ø Pericrocotus cinnamomeus 1Ø28Ø Pericrocotus roseus 1Ø29Ø Pericrocotus divaricatus 1Ø3ØØ Pericrocotus tegimae 1Ø31Ø Spizixos canifrons 1Ø32Ø Spizixos semitorques 1Ø33Ø Pycnonotus xanthorrhous 1Ø34Ø Pycnonotus sinensis 1Ø35Ø Pycnonotus leucogenys 1Ø36Ø Pycnonotus xanthopygos 1Ø37Ø Pycnonotus barbatus 1Ø38Ø Hypsipetes mcclellandii 1Ø39Ø Hypsipetes amaurotis 1Ø4ØØ Hypsipetes madagascariensis 1Ø41Ø Chloropsis hardwickii 1Ø42Ø Myadestes townsendi 1Ø43Ø Myadestes obscurus 1Ø44Ø Phainopepla nitens 1Ø45Ø Ptilogonys cinereus 1Ø46Ø Bombycilla cedrorum 1Ø47Ø Bombycilla japonica 1Ø48Ø Bombycilla garrulus 1Ø49Ø Hypocolius ampelinus 1Ø5ØØ Cinclus cinclus 1Ø5Ø1 Cinclus cinclus cinclus 1Ø5Ø2 Cinclus cinclus caucasicus 1Ø5Ø3 Cinclus cinclus aquaticus 1Ø5Ø4 Cinclus cinclus gularis 1Ø51Ø Cinclus pallasii 1Ø52Ø Cinclus mexicanus 1Ø53Ø Campylorhynchus jocosus 1Ø54Ø Campylorhynchus gularis 1Ø55Ø Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus 1Ø56Ø Salpinctes obsoletus 1Ø57Ø Salpinctes mexicanus 1Ø58Ø Cistothorus platensis 1Ø59Ø Cistothorus palustris 1Ø6ØØ Thryomanes bewickii 1Ø61Ø Thryothorus felix

1Ø62Ø Thryothorus maculipectus 1Ø63Ø Thryothorus ludovicianus 1Ø64Ø Thryothorus sinaloa 1Ø65Ø Troglodytes aedon 1Ø66Ø Troglodytes troglodytes 1Ø67Ø Mimus polyglottos 1Ø68Ø Mimus gundlachii 1Ø69Ø Toxostoma rufum 1Ø7ØØ Toxostoma longirostre 1Ø71Ø Toxostoma bendirei 1Ø72Ø Toxostoma cinereum 1Ø73Ø Toxostoma ocellatum 1Ø74Ø Toxostoma curvirostre 1Ø75Ø Toxostoma lecontei 1Ø76Ø Toxostoma dorsale 1Ø77Ø Toxostoma redivivum 1Ø78Ø Oreoscoptes montanus 1Ø79Ø Margarops fuscatus 1Ø8ØØ Dumetella carolinensis 1Ø81Ø Melanotis caerulescens 1Ø82Ø Prunella immaculata 1Ø83Ø Prunella rubida 1Ø84Ø Prunella modularis 1Ø85Ø Prunella strophiata 1Ø86Ø Prunella montanella 1Ø87Ø Prunella fulvescens 1Ø88Ø Prunella ocularis 1Ø89Ø Prunella fagani 1Ø9ØØ Prunella atrogularis 1Ø91Ø Prunella koslowi 1Ø92Ø Prunella rubeculoides 1Ø93Ø Prunella himalayana 1Ø94Ø Prunella collaris 1Ø949 Prunella sp. 1Ø95Ø Cercotrichas galactotes 1Ø951 Cercotrichas galactotes galactotes 1Ø952 Cercotrichas galactotes familiaris 1Ø953 Cercotrichas galactotes syriacus 1Ø96Ø Cercotrichas podobe 1Ø97Ø Brachypteryx stellata 1Ø98Ø Brachypteryx montana 1Ø99Ø Erithacus rubecula 1Ø991 Erithacus rubecula rubecula 1Ø992 Erithacus rubecula superbus 11ØØØ Erithacus akahige 11Ø1Ø Erithacus komadori 11Ø2Ø Luscinia sibilans 11Ø3Ø Luscinia luscinia 11Ø4Ø Luscinia megarhynchos 11Ø41 Luscinia megarhynchos megarhynchos 11Ø42 Luscinia megarhynchos hafizi 11Ø43 Luscinia megarhynchos africana 11Ø5Ø Luscinia calliope 11Ø6Ø Luscinia svecica 11Ø61 Luscinia svecica svecica 11Ø62 Luscinia svecica cyanecula 11Ø63 Luscinia svecica namnetum 11Ø64 Luscinia svecica magna 11Ø7Ø Luscinia pectoralis 11Ø8Ø Luscinia ruficeps 11Ø9Ø Luscinia obscura 111ØØ Luscinia pectardens 1111Ø Luscinia brunnea 1112Ø Luscinia cyane 11129 Luscinia sp. 1113Ø Tarsiger cyanurus 1114Ø Tarsiger chrysaeus 1115Ø Tarsiger indicus 1116Ø Tarsiger hyperythrus 1117Ø Irania gutturalis 1118Ø Phoenicurus erythronotus 1119Ø Phoenicurus alaschanicus 112ØØ Phoenicurus caeruleocephalus 1121Ø Phoenicurus ochruros 11211 Phoenicurus ochruros ochruros 11212 Phoenicurus ochruros gibraltarensis 11213 Phoenicurus ochruros aterrimus 1122Ø Phoenicurus phoenicurus 11221 Phoenicurus phoenicurus phoenicurus 11222 Phoenicurus phoenicurus samamisicus 1123Ø Phoenicurus hodgsoni 1124Ø Phoenicurus frontalis 1125Ø Phoenicurus schisticeps

1126Ø Phoenicurus auroreus 1127Ø Phoenicurus moussieri 1128Ø Phoenicurus erythrogaster 11289 Phoenicurus sp. 1129Ø Rhyacornis fuliginosus 113ØØ Hodgsonius phoenicuroides 1131Ø Grandala coelicolor 1132Ø Sialia currucoides 1133Ø Sialia mexicana 1134Ø Sialia sialis 1135Ø Cercomela melanura 1136Ø Saxicola macrorhyncha 1137Ø Saxicola rubetra 1138Ø Saxicola dacotiae 1139Ø Saxicola torquata 11391 Saxicola torquata torquata 11392 Saxicola torquata stejnegeri 11393 Saxicola torquata rubicola 11394 Saxicola torquata maura 11395 Saxicola torquata hibernans 114ØØ Saxicola insignis 1141Ø Saxicola caprata 1142Ø Saxicola ferrea 11429 Saxicola sp. 1143Ø Myrmecocichla aethiops 1144Ø Oenanthe isabellina 1145Ø Oenanthe bottae 1146Ø Oenanthe oenanthe 11461 Oenanthe oenanthe oenanthe 11462 Oenanthe oenanthe leucorhoa 11463 Oenanthe oenanthe seebohmi 1147Ø Oenanthe pleschanka 1148Ø Oenanthe hispanica 11481 Oenanthe hispanica hispanica 11482 Oenanthe hispanica melanoleuca 1149Ø Oenanthe deserti 115ØØ Oenanthe finschii 1151Ø Oenanthe moesta 1152Ø Oenanthe xanthoprymna 1153Ø Oenanthe picata 1154Ø Oenanthe lugens 1155Ø Oenanthe monacha 1156Ø Oenanthe alboniger 1157Ø Oenanthe leucopyga 1158Ø Oenanthe leucura 11589 Oenanthe sp. 1159Ø Chaimarrornis leucocephalus 116ØØ Saxicoloides fulicata 1161Ø Monticola rufocinerea 1162Ø Monticola saxatilis 1163Ø Monticola cinclorhyncha 1164Ø Monticola gularis 1165Ø Monticola rufiventris 1166Ø Monticola solitarius 1167Ø Myiophoneus caeruleus 1168Ø Zoothera mollissima 1169Ø Zoothera dixoni 117ØØ Zoothera dauma 1171Ø Zoothera sibirica 1172Ø Zoothera naevia 1173Ø Zoothera pinicola 1174Ø Cichlopasser terrestris 1175Ø Hylocichla mustelina 1176Ø Catharus guttatus 1177Ø Catharus ustulatus 1178Ø Catharus minimus 11781 Catharus minimus minimus 11782 Catharus minimus bicknelli 1179Ø Catharus fuscescens 118ØØ Catharus aurantiirostris 1181Ø Catharus occidentalis 1182Ø Turdus menachensis 1183Ø Turdus unicolor 1184Ø Turdus cardis 1185Ø Turdus albocinctus 1186Ø Turdus torquatus 11861 Turdus torquatus torquatus 11862 Turdus torquatus alpestris 1187Ø Turdus merula 11871 Turdus merula merula 11872 Turdus merula cabrerae 1188Ø Turdus rubrocanus 1189Ø Turdus kessleri 119ØØ Turdus chrysolaus 1191Ø Turdus celaenops 1192Ø Turdus feae


1193Ø Turdus hortulorum 1194Ø Turdus pallidus 1195Ø Turdus obscurus 1196Ø Turdus naumanni 11961 Turdus naumanni naumanni 11962 Turdus naumanni eunomus 1197Ø Turdus ruficollis 11971 Turdus ruficollis ruficollis 11972 Turdus ruficollis atrogularis 1198Ø Turdus pilaris 1199Ø Turdus mupinensis 12ØØØ Turdus philomelos 12ØØ1 Turdus philomelos philomelos 12ØØ2 Turdus philomelos clarkei 12Ø1Ø Turdus iliacus 12Ø11 Turdus iliacus iliacus 12Ø12 Turdus iliacus coburni 12Ø2Ø Turdus viscivorus 12Ø3Ø Turdus migratorius 12Ø4Ø Turdus rufopalliatus 12Ø5Ø Turdus grayi 12Ø6Ø Turdus albicollis 12Ø69 Turdus sp. 12Ø7Ø Mimocichla plumbea 12Ø8Ø Enicurus scouleri 12Ø9Ø Enicurus schistaceus 121ØØ Enicurus leschenaulti 1211Ø Enicurus maculatus 1212Ø Tesia castaneocoronata 1213Ø Cettia squameiceps 1214Ø Cettia diphone 1215Ø Cettia fortipes 1216Ø Cettia major 1217Ø Cettia flavolivacea 1218Ø Cettia acanthizoides 1219Ø Cettia brunnifrons 122ØØ Cettia cetti 1221Ø Bradypterus thoracicus 1222Ø Bradypterus major 1223Ø Bradypterus taczanowskius 1224Ø Bradypterus luteoventris 1225Ø Parisoma buryi 1226Ø Cisticola juncidis 1227Ø Prinia gracilis 1228Ø Prinia inornata 1229Ø Prinia criniger 123ØØ Prinia atrogularis 1231Ø Scotocerca inquieta 1232Ø Rhopophilus pekinensis 1233Ø Locustella certhiola 1234Ø Locustella ochotensis 1235Ø Locustella lanceolata 1236Ø Locustella naevia 1237Ø Locustella fluviatilis 1238Ø Locustella luscinioides 1239Ø Locustella fasciolata 12399 Locustella sp. 124ØØ Megalurus pryeri 1241Ø Acrocephalus melanopogon 12411 Acrocephalus melanopogon melanopogon 1242Ø Acrocephalus paludicola 1243Ø Acrocephalus schoenobaenus 1244Ø Acrocephalus sorgophilus 1245Ø Acrocephalus bistrigiceps 1246Ø Acrocephalus concinens 1247Ø Acrocephalus agricola 1248Ø Acrocephalus dumetorum 1249Ø Acrocephalus brevipennis 125ØØ Acrocephalus palustris 1251Ø Acrocephalus scirpaceus 12511 Acrocephalus scirpaceus scirpaceus 12512 Acrocephalus scirpaceus fuscus 1252Ø Acrocephalus stentoreus 1253Ø Acrocephalus arundinaceus 12531 Acrocephalus arundinaceus arundinaceus 12532 Acrocephalus arundinaceus griseldis 1254Ø Acrocephalus aedon 12549 Acrocephalus sp. 1255Ø Hippolais pallida (E.O.W.) 12551 Hippolais pallida pallida 12552 Hippolais pallida opacus (W.O.W.) 12553 Hippolais pallida elaeica

12554 Hippolais pallida reiseri 12555 Hippolais pallida laeneni 1256Ø Hippolais caligata 12561 Hippolais caligata caligata 12562 Hippolais caligata rama (S.W.) 1257Ø Hippolais languida 1258Ø Hippolais olivetorum 1259Ø Hippolais icterina 126ØØ Hippolais polyglotta 126Ø9 Hippolais sp. 1261Ø Sylvia sarda 12611 Sylvia sarda sarda 12612 Sylvia sarda balearica 1262Ø Sylvia undata 1263Ø Sylvia deserticola 1264Ø Sylvia conspicillata 1265Ø Sylvia cantillans 12651 Sylvia cantillans cantillans 12652 Sylvia cantillans moltoni 12653 Sylvia cantillans albistrata 1266Ø Sylvia mystacea 1267Ø Sylvia melanocephala 12671 Sylvia melanocephala melanocephala 12672 Sylvia melanocephala leucogastra 1268Ø Sylvia melanothorax 12681 Sylvia melanothorax melanothorax 12682 Sylvia melanothorax cypria 1269Ø Sylvia rueppelli 127ØØ Sylvia nana 1271Ø Sylvia leucomelaena 1272Ø Sylvia hortensis 12721 Sylvia hortensis hortensis 12722 Sylvia hortensis crassirostris 12723 Sylvia hortensis balchanica 12724 Sylvia hortensis jerdoni 1273Ø Sylvia nisoria 1274Ø Sylvia curruca 12741 Sylvia curruca curruca 12742 Sylvia curruca blythi 12743 Sylvia curruca halimodendri 12744 Sylvia curruca minula 1275Ø Sylvia communis 1276Ø Sylvia borin 1277Ø Sylvia atricapilla 12771 Sylvia atricapilla atricapilla 12772 Sylvia atricapilla heineken 12779 Sylvia sp. 1278Ø Seicercus burkii 1279Ø Abroscopus albogularis 128ØØ Abroscopus schisticeps 1281Ø Phylloscopus umbrovirens 1282Ø Phylloscopus ricketti 1283Ø Phylloscopus cantator 1284Ø Phylloscopus davisoni 1285Ø Phylloscopus reguloides 1286Ø Phylloscopus coronatus 1287Ø Phylloscopus occipitalis 1288Ø Phylloscopus tenellipes 1289Ø Phylloscopus ijimae 129ØØ Phylloscopus tytleri 1291Ø Phylloscopus nitidus 1292Ø Phylloscopus plumbeitarsus 1293Ø Phylloscopus trochiloides 1294Ø Phylloscopus magnirostris 1295Ø Phylloscopus borealis 1296Ø Phylloscopus pulcher 1297Ø Phylloscopus maculipennis 1298Ø Phylloscopus proregulus 12981 Phylloscopus proregulus proregulus 1299Ø Phylloscopus subviridis 13ØØØ Phylloscopus inornatus 13ØØ1 Phylloscopus inornatus inornatus 13ØØ2 Phylloscopus inornatus humei 13Ø1Ø Phylloscopus schwarzi 13Ø2Ø Phylloscopus armandii 13Ø3Ø Phylloscopus fuscatus 13Ø4Ø Phylloscopus fuligiventer 13Ø5Ø Phylloscopus griseolus 13Ø6Ø Phylloscopus affinis 13Ø7Ø Phylloscopus bonelli 13Ø71 Phylloscopus bonelli bonelli 13Ø72 Phylloscopus bonelli orientalis 13Ø8Ø Phylloscopus sibilatrix 13Ø9Ø Phylloscopus neglectus 131ØØ Phylloscopus sindianus

1311Ø Phylloscopus collybita 13111 Phylloscopus collybita collybita 13112 Phylloscopus collybita fulvescens 13113 Phylloscopus collybita tristis 13114 Phylloscopus collybita abietinus 13115 Phylloscopus collybita ibericus 13116 Phylloscopus collybita brehmiiDELETED 13117 Phylloscopus collybita canariensis 1312Ø Phylloscopus trochilus 13121 Phylloscopus trochilus trochilus 13122 Phylloscopus trochilus acredula 13123 Phylloscopus trochilus yakutensis 13129 Phylloscopus sp. 1313Ø Regulus calendula 1314Ø Regulus regulus 13141 Regulus regulus regulus 13142 Regulus regulus teneriffae 1315Ø Regulus ignicapillus 13151 Regulus ignicapillus ignicapillus 13152 Regulus ignicapillus teneriffaeDELETED 13153 Regulus ignicapillus balearicus 1316Ø Regulus satrapa 13169 Regulus sp. 1317Ø Leptopoecile sophiae 1318Ø Leptopoecile elegans 1319Ø Polioptila melanura 132ØØ Polioptila nigriceps 1321Ø Polioptila caerulea 1322Ø Niltava grandis 1323Ø Niltava sundara 1324Ø Niltava davidi 1325Ø Cyornis vivida 1326Ø Cyornis rubeculoides 1327Ø Muscicapa cyanomelana 1328Ø Muscicapa thalassina 1329Ø Muscicapa rufilata 133ØØ Muscicapa sibirica 1331Ø Muscicapa griseisticta 1332Ø Muscicapa ruficauda 1333Ø Muscicapa muttui 1334Ø Muscicapa latirostris 1335Ø Muscicapa striata 13351 Muscicapa striata striata 13352 Muscicapa striata balearica 13353 Muscicapa striata tyrrenica 1336Ø Muscicapa gambagae 13369 Muscicapa sp. 1337Ø Ficedula sapphira 1338Ø Ficedula tricolor 1339Ø Ficedula superciliaris 134ØØ Ficedula hodgsonii 1341Ø Ficedula hyperythra 1342Ø Ficedula strophiata 1343Ø Ficedula parva 13431 Ficedula parva parva 13432 Ficedula parva albicilla 1344Ø Ficedula mugimaki 1345Ø Ficedula zanthopygia 1346Ø Ficedula narcissina 1347Ø Ficedula semitorquata 1348Ø Ficedula albicollis 13481 Ficedula albicollis albicollis 13482 Ficedula albicollis semitorquata 1349Ø Ficedula hypoleuca 13491 Ficedula hypoleuca hypoleuca 13492 Ficedula hypoleuca ibericus 135ØØ Culicicapa ceylonensis 1351Ø Rhipidura hypoxantha 1352Ø Rhipidura albicollis 1353Ø Terpsiphone viridis 1354Ø Terpsiphone paradisi 1355Ø Terpsiphone atrocaudata 1356Ø Pomatorhinus erythrogenys 1357Ø Pomatorhinus ruficollis 1358Ø Pnoepyga albiventer 1359Ø Pnoepyga pusilla 136ØØ Spelaeornis troglodytoides 1361Ø Stachyris ruficeps 1362Ø Moupinia poecilotis 1363Ø Chamaea fasciata 1364Ø Panurus biarmicus 1365Ø Conostoma oemodium 1366Ø Paradoxornis paradoxus 1367Ø Paradoxornis unicolor


1368Ø Paradoxornis flavirostris 1369Ø Paradoxornis conspicillatus 137ØØ Paradoxornis webbianus 137Ø1 Paradoxornis w. webbianus 137Ø2 Paradoxornis w. suffusa 137Ø3 Paradoxornis w. fulvicauda 137Ø4 Paradoxornis w. mantschurica 137Ø5 Paradoxornis w. alphonsiana 1371Ø Paradoxornis zappeyi 1372Ø Paradoxornis przewalskii 1373Ø Paradoxornis fulvifrons 1374Ø Paradoxornis nipalensis 1375Ø Paradoxornis verreauxi 1376Ø Paradoxornis heudei 1377Ø Turdoides altirostris 1378Ø Turdoides caudatus 1379Ø Turdoides squamiceps 138ØØ Turdoides fulvus 1381Ø Babax lanceolatus 1382Ø Babax waddelli 1383Ø Babax koslowi 1384Ø Garrulax perspicillatus 1385Ø Garrulax albogularis 1386Ø Garrulax pectoralis 1387Ø Garrulax striatus 1388Ø Garrulax maesi 1389Ø Garrulax variegatus 139ØØ Garrulax davidi 1391Ø Garrulax sukatschewi 1392Ø Garrulax cineraceus 1393Ø Garrulax lunulatus 1394Ø Garrulax maximus 1395Ø Garrulax ocellatus 1396Ø Garrulax caerulatus 1397Ø Garrulax canorus 1398Ø Garrulax sannio 1399Ø Garrulax lineatus 14ØØØ Garrulax subunicolor 14Ø1Ø Garrulax elliotii 14Ø2Ø Garrulax henrici 14Ø3Ø Garrulax affinis 14Ø4Ø Garrulax erythrocephalus 14Ø5Ø Garrulax formosus 14Ø6Ø Liocichla steerii 14Ø7Ø Leiothrix lutea 14Ø8Ø Myzornis pyrrhoura 14Ø9Ø Cutia nipalensis 141ØØ Pteruthius flaviscapis 1411Ø Pteruthius xanthochloris 1412Ø Actinodura nipalensis 1413Ø Minla cyanouroptera 1414Ø Minla strigula 1415Ø Minla ignotincta 1416Ø Alcippe chrysotis 1417Ø Alcippe cinerea 1418Ø Alcippe castaneceps 1419Ø Alcippe vinipectus 142ØØ Alcippe striaticollis 1421Ø Alcippe ruficapilla 1422Ø Alcippe cinereiceps 1423Ø Alcippe brunnea 1424Ø Alcippe morrisonia 1425Ø Heterophasia capistrata 1426Ø Heterophasia pulchella 1427Ø Yuhina gularis 1428Ø Yuhina diademata 1429Ø Yuhina occipitalis 143ØØ Yuhina nigrimenta 1431Ø Psaltriparus minimus 1432Ø Aegithalos fuliginosus 1433Ø Aegithalos iouschistos 1434Ø Aegithalos niveogularis 1435Ø Aegithalos leucogenys 1436Ø Aegithalos concinnus 1437Ø Aegithalos caudatus 14371 Aegithalos caudatus caudatus 14372 Aegithalos caudatus sibiricus 14373 Aegithalos caudatus japonicus 14374 Aegithalos caudatus europaeus 14375 Aegithalos caudatus rosaceus 1438Ø Sylviparus modestus 1439Ø Parus superciliosus 144ØØ Parus palustris 1441Ø Parus lugubris 1442Ø Parus montanus 14422 Parus montanus songarus

1443Ø Parus atricapillus 1444Ø Parus carolinensis 1445Ø Parus sclateri 1446Ø Parus gambeli 1447Ø Parus wollweberi 1448Ø Parus cinctus 1449Ø Parus hudsonicus 145ØØ Parus rufescens 1451Ø Parus bicolor 1452Ø Parus inornatus 1453Ø Parus dichrous 1454Ø Parus cristatus 1455Ø Parus davidi 1456Ø Parus venustulus 1457Ø Parus varius 1458Ø Parus rufonuchalis 1459Ø Parus rubidiventris 146ØØ Parus melanolophus 1461Ø Parus ater 14611 Parus ater ater 1462Ø Parus caeruleus 14621 Parus caeruleus caeruleus 14622 Parus caeruleus ultramarinus 14623 Parus caeruleus pleskii 14624 Parus caeruleus palmensis 14625 Parus caeruleus teneriffae 14626 Parus caeruleus ombriosus 14627 Parus caeruleus degener 1463Ø Parus cyanus 1464Ø Parus major 14641 Parus major major 14642 Parus major excelsus 1465Ø Parus bokharensis 1466Ø Parus monticolus 14669 Parus sp. 1467Ø Sitta yunnanensis 1468Ø Sitta villosa 1469Ø Sitta krueperi 147ØØ Sitta whiteheadi 1471Ø Sitta ledanti 1472Ø Sitta canadensis 1473Ø Sitta pygmaea 1474Ø Sitta pusilla 1475Ø Sitta leucopsis 1476Ø Sitta carolinensis 1477Ø Sitta himalayensis 1478Ø Sitta castanea 1479Ø Sitta europaea 14791 Sitta europaea europaea 14792 Sitta europaea asiatica 14793 Sitta europaea caesia 148ØØ Sitta tephronota 1481Ø Sitta neumayer 1482Ø Tichodroma muraria 1483Ø Certhia discolor 1484Ø Certhia himalayana 1485Ø Certhia nipalensis 1486Ø Certhia familiaris 14861 Certhia familiaris familiaris 14862 Certhia familiaris britannica 14863 Certhia familiaris corsa 14864 Certhia familiaris macrodactyla 1487Ø Certhia brachydactyla 1488Ø Cephalopyrus flammiceps 1489Ø Auriparus flaviceps 149ØØ Remiz pendulinus 149Ø1 Remiz pendulinus pendulinus 149Ø2 Remiz pendulinus coronatus 149Ø3 Remiz pendulinus macronyx 1491Ø Anthreptes platurus 1492Ø Anthreptes metallicus 1493Ø Nectarinia asiatica 1494Ø Nectarinia habessinica 1495Ø Nectarinia osea 1496Ø Aethopyga gouldiae 1497Ø Aethopyga nipalensis 1498Ø Aethopyga ignicauda 1499Ø Dicaeum melanoxanthum 15ØØØ Dicaeum ignipectus 15Ø1Ø Zosterops palpebrosa 15Ø2Ø Zosterops erythropleura 15Ø3Ø Zosterops japonica 15Ø4Ø Zosterops abyssinica 15Ø49 Zosterops sp. 15Ø5Ø Apalopteron familiare 15Ø6Ø Oriolus traillii

15Ø7Ø Oriolus chinensis 15Ø8Ø Oriolus oriolus 15Ø9Ø Tchagra senegala 151ØØ Rhodophoneus cruentus 1511Ø Lanius tigrinus 1512Ø Lanius bucephalus 1513Ø Lanius cristatus 1514Ø Lanius isabellinus 1515Ø Lanius collurio 15151 Lanius collurio collurio 15152 Lanius collurio phoenicuroides 15153 Lanius collurio isabellinus (= 1514Ø Lanius isabellinus) 1516Ø Lanius vittatus 1517Ø Lanius schach 1518Ø Lanius tephronotus 1519Ø Lanius minor 152ØØ Lanius excubitor 152Ø1 Lanius excubitor excubitor 152Ø2 Lanius excubitor elegans 152Ø3 Lanius excubitor meridionalis 1521Ø Lanius sphenocercus 1522Ø Lanius ludovicianus 1523Ø Lanius senator 15231 Lanius senator senator 15232 Lanius senator badius 15233 Lanius senator niloticus 1524Ø Lanius nubicus 15249 Lanius sp. 1525Ø Dicrurus macrocercus 1526Ø Dicrurus leucophaeus 1527Ø Dicrurus hottentottus 1528Ø Cyanocorax dickeyi 1529Ø Cyanocorax yncas 153ØØ Cyanocorax formosa 1531Ø Cyanocorax morio 1532Ø Cyanocorax sanblasiana 1533Ø Cyanocorax beecheii 1534Ø Cyanocitta stelleri 1535Ø Cyanocitta cristata 1536Ø Aphelocoma ultramarina 1537Ø Aphelocoma coerulescens 1538Ø Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus 1539Ø Garrulus glandarius 154ØØ Garrulus lanceolatus 1541Ø Garrulus lidthi 1542Ø Perisoreus canadensis 1543Ø Perisoreus infaustus 1544Ø Perisoreus internigrans 1545Ø Urocissa flavirostris 1546Ø Urocissa erythrorhyncha 1547Ø Cyanopica cyana 1548Ø Dendrocitta formosae 1549Ø Pica pica 15491 Pica pica pica 15492 Pica pica melanotus 15493 Pica pica mauritanica 155ØØ Pica nuttalli 1551Ø Podoces hendersoni 1552Ø Podoces biddulphi 1553Ø Podoces panderi 1554Ø Podoces pleskei 1555Ø Pseudopodoces humilis 1556Ø Nucifraga columbiana 1557Ø Nucifraga caryocatactes 15571 Nucifraga caryocatactes caryocatactes 15572 Nucifraga caryocatactes macrorhynchos 1558Ø Pyrrhocorax graculus 1559Ø Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax 156ØØ Corvus monedula 156Ø1 Corvus monedula monedula 156Ø2 Corvus monedula soemmerringii 156Ø3 Corvus monedula spermologus 1561Ø Corvus dauuricus 1562Ø Corvus splendens 1563Ø Corvus frugilegus 1564Ø Corvus brachyrhynchos 1565Ø Corvus imparatus 1566Ø Corvus ossifragus 1567Ø Corvus corone 15671 Corvus corone corone 15673 Corvus corone cornix 1568Ø Corvus macrorhynchos 1569Ø Corvus torquatus


157ØØ Corvus albus 1571Ø Corvus ruficollis 1572Ø Corvus corax 15721 Corvus corax corax 15722 Corvus corax tingitanus 1573Ø Corvus cryptoleucus 1574Ø Corvus rhipidurus 15749 Corvus sp. 1575Ø Onychognathus tristramii 1576Ø Cinnyricinclus leucogaster 1577Ø Sturnus pagodarum 1578Ø Sturnus sericeus 1579Ø Sturnus sturninus 158ØØ Sturnus philippensis 1581Ø Sturnus sinensis 1582Ø Sturnus vulgaris 1583Ø Sturnus unicolor 1584Ø Sturnus roseus 1585Ø Sturnus cineraceus 15859 Sturnus sp. 1586Ø Creatophora cineracea 1587Ø Acridotheres tristis 1588Ø Acridotheres ginginianus 1589Ø Acridotheres cristatellus 159ØØ Passer ammodendri 1591Ø Passer domesticus 15911 Passer domesticus domesticus 15912 Passer domesticus italiae 15913 Passer domesticus indicus 1592Ø Passer hispaniolensis 15921 Passer hispaniolensis hispaniolensis 15922 Passer hispaniolensis maltae 1593Ø Passer pyrrhonotus 1594Ø Passer rutilans 1595Ø Passer moabiticus 1596Ø Passer iagoensis 1597Ø Passer simplex 1598Ø Passer montanus 1599Ø Passer luteus 16ØØØ Passer euchlorus 16ØØ9 Passer sp. 16Ø1Ø Petronia brachydactyla 16Ø2Ø Petronia xanthocollis 16Ø3Ø Petronia dentata 16Ø4Ø Petronia petronia 16Ø5Ø Montifringilla theresae 16Ø6Ø Montifringilla blanfordi 16Ø7Ø Montifringilla ruficollis 16Ø8Ø Montifringilla davidiana 16Ø9Ø Montifringilla taczanowskii 161ØØ Montifringilla adamsi 1611Ø Montifringilla nivalis 1612Ø Ploceus galbula 1613Ø Lagonosticta senegala 1614Ø Uraeginthus bengalus 1615Ø Estrilda astrild 1616Ø Estrilda rufibarba 1617Ø Amandava subflava 1618Ø Euodice malabarica 1619Ø Euodice cantans 162ØØ Lonchura striata 1621Ø Vireo atricapillus 1622Ø Vireo pallens 1623Ø Vireo griseus 1624Ø Vireo crassirostris 1625Ø Vireo bellii 1626Ø Vireo vicinior 1627Ø Vireo solitarius 1628Ø Vireo flavifrons 1629Ø Vireo huttoni 163ØØ Vireo hypochryseus 1631Ø Vireo philadelphicus 1632Ø Vireo flavoviridis 1633Ø Vireo olivaceus 1634Ø Vireo altiloquus 1635Ø Vireo gilvus 1636Ø Fringilla coelebs 16361 Fringilla coelebs coelebs 16362 Fringilla coelebs africana 16363 Fringilla coelebs ombriosa 16364 Fringilla coelebs palmae 16365 Fringilla coelebs canariensis 1637Ø Fringilla teydea 16371 Fringilla teydea teydea 16372 Fringilla teydea polatzeki

1638Ø Fringilla montifringilla 16389 Fringilla sp. 1639Ø Serinus pusillus 164ØØ Serinus serinus 1641Ø Serinus syriacus 1642Ø Serinus canaria 1643Ø Serinus thibetanus 1644Ø Serinus citrinella 16441 Serinus citrinella citrinella 16442 Serinus citrinella corsicana 1645Ø Serinus rothschildi 1646Ø Serinus menachensis 1647Ø Rhynchostruthus socotranus 1648Ø Callacanthis burtoni 1649Ø Carduelis chloris 165ØØ Carduelis sinica 1651Ø Carduelis ambigua 1652Ø Carduelis spinoides 1653Ø Carduelis carduelis 16531 Carduelis carduelis carduelis 16532 Carduelis carduelis caniceps 1654Ø Carduelis spinus 1655Ø Carduelis pinus 1656Ø Carduelis notata 1657Ø Carduelis tristis 1658Ø Carduelis psaltria 1659Ø Carduelis lawrencei 166ØØ Carduelis cannabina 166Ø1 Carduelis cannabina cannabina 166Ø2 Carduelis cannabina meadewaldoi 166Ø3 Carduelis cannabina harteri 166Ø4 Carduelis cannabina mediterranea 1661Ø Carduelis yemenensis 1662Ø Carduelis flavirostris 1663Ø Carduelis flammea 16631 Carduelis flammea flammea 16632 Carduelis flammea rostrata 16634 Carduelis flammea cabaret 1664Ø Carduelis hornemanni 16641 Carduelis hornemanni hornemanni 16642 Carduelis hornemanni exilipes 16649 Carduelis spp. 1665Ø Loxia leucoptera 1666Ø Loxia curvirostra 1667Ø Loxia scotica 1668Ø Loxia pytyopsittacus 16689 Loxia sp. 1669Ø Leucosticte nemoricola 167ØØ Leucosticte brandti 1671Ø Leucosticte arctoa 1672Ø Leucosticte tephrocotis 1673Ø Rhodopechys sanguinea 1674Ø Rhodospiza obsoleta 1675Ø Bucanetes mongolicus 1676Ø Bucanetes githagineus 1677Ø Carpodacus rubescens 1678Ø Carpodacus nipalensis 1679Ø Carpodacus erythrinus 168ØØ Carpodacus purpureus 1681Ø Carpodacus cassinii 1682Ø Carpodacus mexicanus 1683Ø Carpodacus pulcherrimus 1684Ø Carpodacus eos 1685Ø Carpodacus rhodochrous 1686Ø Carpodacus vinaceus 1687Ø Carpodacus edwardsii 1688Ø Carpodacus synoicus 1689Ø Carpodacus roseus 169ØØ Carpodacus trifasciatus 1691Ø Carpodacus rhodopeplus 1692Ø Carpodacus thura 1693Ø Carpodacus rhodochlamys 1694Ø Carpodacus grandis 1695Ø Carpodacus rubicilloides 1696Ø Carpodacus rubicilla 1697Ø Carpodacus puniceus 1698Ø Kozlowia roborowskii 1699Ø Pinicola enucleator 17ØØØ Propyrrhula subhimachala 17Ø1Ø Chaunoproctus ferreorostris 17Ø2Ø Haematospiza sipahi 17Ø3Ø Pyrrhoplectes epauletta 17Ø4Ø Uragus sibiricus 17Ø5Ø Urocynchramus pylzowi 17Ø6Ø Pyrrhula nipalensis 17Ø7Ø Pyrrhula aurantiaca

17Ø8Ø Pyrrhula erythrocephala 17Ø9Ø Pyrrhula erythaca 171ØØ Pyrrhula pyrrhula 171Ø1 Pyrrhula pyrrhula pyrrhula 171Ø2 Pyrrhula pyrrhula europaeus 171Ø3 Pyrrhula pyrrhula pileata 171Ø4 Pyrrhula pyrrhula cineracea 171Ø5 Pyrrhula pyrrhula murina 1711Ø Mycerobas icterioides 1712Ø Mycerobas affinis 1713Ø Mycerobas melanozanthos 1714Ø Mycerobas carnipes 1715Ø Eophona migratoria 1716Ø Eophona personata 1717Ø Coccothraustes coccothraustes 1718Ø Hesperiphona vespertina 1719Ø Hesperiphona abeillei 172ØØ Mniotilta varia 1721Ø Vermivora bachmanii 1722Ø Vermivora chrysoptera 1723Ø Vermivora pinus 1724Ø Vermivora peregrina 1725Ø Vermivora celata 1726Ø Vermivora ruficapilla 1727Ø Vermivora virginiae 1728Ø Vermivora crissalis 1729Ø Vermivora luciae 173ØØ Vermivora superciliosa 1731Ø Parula pitiayumi 1732Ø Parula americana 1733Ø Dendroica petechia 1734Ø Dendroica pensylvanica 1735Ø Dendroica cerulea 1736Ø Dendroica caerulescens 1737Ø Dendroica pinus 1738Ø Dendroica graciae 1739Ø Dendroica pityophila 174ØØ Dendroica dominica 1741Ø Dendroica kirtlandii 1742Ø Dendroica nigrescens 1743Ø Dendroica occipitalis 1744Ø Dendroica townsendi 1745Ø Dendroica virens 1746Ø Dendroica chrysoparia 1747Ø Dendroica fusca 1748Ø Dendroica discolor 1749Ø Dendroica tigrina 175ØØ Dendroica magnolia 1751Ø Dendroica coronata 1752Ø Dendroica palmarum 1753Ø Dendroica striata 1754Ø Dendroica castanea 1755Ø Setophaga ruticilla 1756Ø Seiurus aurocapillus 1757Ø Seiurus noveboracensis 1758Ø Seiurus motacilla 1759Ø Helmitheros swainsonii 176ØØ Helmitheros vermivorus 1761Ø Protonotaria citrea 1762Ø Geothlypis trichas 1763Ø Geothlypis rostrata 1764Ø Geothlypis speciosa 1765Ø Geothlypis nelsoni 1766Ø Chamaethlypis poliocephala 1767Ø Oporornis formosus 1768Ø Oporornis agilis 1769Ø Oporornis philadelphia 177ØØ Oporornis tolmiei 1771Ø Wilsonia citrina 1772Ø Wilsonia pusilla 1773Ø Wilsonia canadensis 1774Ø Cardinella rubrifrons 1775Ø Ergaticus ruber 1776Ø Myioborus pictus 1777Ø Myioborus miniatus 1778Ø Euthlypis lachrymosa 1779Ø Basileuterus culicivorus 178ØØ Basileuterus rufifrons 1781Ø Peucedramus taeniatus 1782Ø Icteria virens 1783Ø Coereba flaveola 1784Ø Piranga bidentata 1785Ø Piranga flava 1786Ø Piranga rubra 1787Ø Piranga ludoviciana 1788Ø Piranga olivacea


1789Ø Piranga erythrocephala 179ØØ Spindalis zena 1791Ø Euphonia affinis 1792Ø Euphonia elegantissima 1793Ø Diglossa baritula 1794Ø Atlapetes pileatus 1795Ø Atlapetes torquatus 1796Ø Arremonops rufivirgatus 1797Ø Pipilo chlorurus 1798Ø Pipilo erythrophthalmus 1799Ø Pipilo fuscus 18ØØØ Pipilo aberti 18Ø1Ø Melozone kieneri 18Ø2Ø Tiaris canora 18Ø3Ø Tiaris bicolor 18Ø4Ø Sporophila torqueola 18Ø5Ø Volatinia jacarina 18Ø6Ø Aimophila bilineata 18Ø7Ø Aimophila belli 18Ø8Ø Aimophila mystacalis 18Ø9Ø Aimophila botterii 181ØØ Aimophila cassinii 1811Ø Aimophila aestivalis 1812Ø Aimophila quinquestriata 1813Ø Aimophila carpalis 1814Ø Aimophila ruficeps 1815Ø Aimophila rufescens 1816Ø Oriturus superciliosus 1817Ø Spizella arborea 1818Ø Spizella passerina 1819Ø Spizella pallida 182ØØ Spizella breweri 1821Ø Spizella pusilla 1822Ø Spizella wortheni 1823Ø Spizella atrogularis 1824Ø Chondestes grammacus 1825Ø Pooecetes gramineus 1826Ø Ammodramus sandwichensis 1827Ø Ammodramus bairdii 1828Ø Ammodramus savannarum 1829Ø Ammodramus leconteii 183ØØ Ammodramus caudacutus 1831Ø Ammodramus maritimus 1832Ø Ammodramus baileyi 1833Ø Ammodramus henslowii 1834Ø Zonotrichia iliaca 18341 Zonotrichia iliaca iliaca 1835Ø Melospiza melodia (= Zonotrichia melodia) 1835Ø Zonotrichia melodia (= Melospiza melodia) 1836Ø Zonotrichia lincolnii 1837Ø Zonotrichia georgiana 1838Ø Zonotrichia querula 1839Ø Zonotrichia leucophrys 184ØØ Zonotrichia albicollis 1841Ø Zonotrichia atricapilla 1842Ø Junco hyemalis 1843Ø Junco caniceps 1844Ø Junco phaeonotus 1845Ø Calamospiza melanocorys 1846Ø Calcarius mccownii 1847Ø Calcarius lapponicus 1848Ø Calcarius ornatus 1849Ø Calcarius pictus 185ØØ Plectrophenax nivalis 185Ø1 Plectrophenax nivalis nivalis 185Ø2 Plectrophenax nivalis insulae 1851Ø Emberiza siemsseni 1852Ø Emberiza variabilis 1853Ø Emberiza spodocephala 1854Ø Emberiza sulphurata 1855Ø Emberiza koslowi 1856Ø Emberiza leucocephalos 1857Ø Emberiza citrinella 1858Ø Emberiza cirlus 1859Ø Emberiza stewarti 186ØØ Emberiza cia 1861Ø Emberiza cioides 1862Ø Emberiza jankowskii 1863Ø Emberiza striolata 1864Ø Emberiza tahapisi 1865Ø Emberiza cineracea 1866Ø Emberiza hortulana 1867Ø Emberiza buchanani 1868Ø Emberiza caesia

1869Ø Emberiza fucata 187ØØ Emberiza elegans 1871Ø Emberiza chrysophrys 1872Ø Emberiza tristrami 1873Ø Emberiza rustica 1874Ø Emberiza pusilla 1875Ø Emberiza rutila 1876Ø Emberiza aureola 1877Ø Emberiza schoeniclus 18771 Emberiza schoeniclus schoeniclus 18772 Emberiza schoeniclus witherbyi 1878Ø Emberiza pallasi 1879Ø Emberiza yessoensis 188ØØ Emberiza bruniceps 1881Ø Emberiza melanocephala 18819 Emberiza sp. 1882Ø Miliaria calandra 1883Ø Melophus lathami 1884Ø Spiza americana 1885Ø Pheucticus chrysopeplus 1886Ø Pheucticus melanocephalus 1887Ø Pheucticus ludovicianus 1888Ø Cardinalis cardinalis 1889Ø Cardinalis sinuatus 189ØØ Rhodothraupis celaeno 1891Ø Guiraca caerulea 1892Ø Passerina cyanea 1893Ø Passerina amoena 1894Ø Passerina versicolor 1895Ø Passerina ciris 1896Ø Passerina leclancherii 1897Ø Dolichonyx oryzivorus 1898Ø Molothrus aeneus 1899Ø Molothrus ater 19ØØØ Euphagus cyanocephalus 19Ø1Ø Euphagus carolinensis 19Ø2Ø Quiscalus mexicanus 19Ø3Ø Quiscalus palustris 19Ø4Ø Quiscalus major 19Ø5Ø Quiscalus quiscula 19Ø6Ø Sturnella neglecta 19Ø7Ø Sturnella magna 19Ø8Ø Agelaius tricolor 19Ø9Ø Agelaius phoeniceus 191ØØ Agelaius humeralis 1911Ø Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus 1912Ø Icterus parisorum 1913Ø Icterus graduacauda 1914Ø Icterus wagleri 1915Ø Icterus dominicensis 1916Ø Icterus cucullatus 1917Ø Icterus spurius 1918Ø Icterus galbula 1919Ø Icterus pustulatus 192ØØ Icterus gularis 1921Ø Icterus pectoralis 1922Ø Cacicus melanicterus 2ØØ1Ø Turtur afer 2ØØ2Ø Thalassoica antarctica 2ØØ3Ø Ploceus cucullatus 2ØØ4Ø Phalacrocorax capensis 2ØØ5Ø Passer griseus 2ØØ6Ø Pagodroma nivea 2ØØ7Ø Chionis alba 2ØØ8Ø Hirundo lucida 2ØØ9Ø Diomedea chrysostoma 2Ø1ØØ Phoebetria palpebrata 2Ø11Ø Macronectes halli 2Ø12Ø Pterodroma brevirostris 2Ø13Ø Fulmarus glacialoides 2Ø14Ø Garrodia nereis 2Ø15Ø Porphyrula flavirostris 2Ø16Ø Halobaena caerulea 2Ø17Ø Pelecanoides urinatrix 2Ø18Ø Pelecanoides georgicus 2Ø19Ø Phalacrocorax atriceps 2Ø191 Phalacrocorax atriceps atriceps 2Ø192 Phalacrocorax atriceps nivalis 2Ø193 Phalacrocorax atriceps georgianus 2Ø2ØØ Pygoscelis adeliae 2Ø21Ø Pygoscelis antarctica 2Ø22Ø Pygoscelis papua 2Ø23Ø Phoenicopterus chilensis 2Ø24Ø Quelea quelea 2Ø25Ø Amandava amandava 2Ø26Ø Lonchura punctulata

2Ø27Ø Estrilda troglodytes 2Ø28Ø Rhodopechys githaginea (=1676Ø Bucanetes githagineus) 2Ø29Ø Lonchura malacca 2Ø291 Lonchura malacca malacca 2Ø292 Lonchura malacca atricapilla 2Ø3ØØ Eudyptes chrysolophus 2Ø31Ø Ardea melanocephala 2Ø32Ø Pachyptila desolata 2Ø33Ø Pterodroma incerta 2Ø34Ø Cossypha natalensis 2Ø35Ø Sterna hirundinacea 2Ø36Ø Larus maculipennis 2Ø37Ø Argya fulva (= 138ØØ Turdoides fulvus) 2Ø38Ø Chloephaga picta 2Ø39Ø Myiopsitta monachus 2Ø4ØØ Oceanodroma markhami 2Ø41Ø Ploceus melanocephalus 2Ø42Ø Euplectes afer 2Ø43Ø Estrilda melpoda 2Ø439 Estrilda sp. 2Ø44Ø Poephila guttata 2Ø45Ø Lonchura maja 2Ø459 Lonchura sp. 2Ø46Ø Charadrius marginatus 2Ø47Ø Euplectes orix 2Ø48Ø Euplectes franciscanos 2Ø49Ø Pterodroma cahow 2Ø5ØØ Sula capensis (= ØØ712 Sula bassana capensis) 2Ø6ØØ Larus dominicanus 2Ø7ØØ Sterna vittata 2Ø8ØØ Cygnus atratus 2Ø9ØØ Acrocephalus baeticatus 21ØØØ Andropadus importunus 211ØØ Batis senegalensis 212ØØ Camaroptera brachyura 213ØØ Chalcites basalis 214ØØ Cossypha niveicapilla 215ØØ Dicrurus adsimilis 216ØØ Dryoscopus senegalensis 217ØØ Elminia longicauda 218ØØ Halcyon senegaloides 219ØØ Melaenomis edolioides 22ØØØ Melaniparus leucomelas 221ØØ Muscicapa caerulescens 222ØØ Myioparus plumbeus 223ØØ Nectarinia bifasciata 2231Ø Nectarinia veroxii 224ØØ Nectarinia pulchella (= Panaeola pulchella) 225ØØ Passer motitensis 226ØØ Peliocichla pelios (= 2653Ø Turdus pelios) 227ØØ Platysteira cyanea 228ØØ Plocepasser mahali 229ØØ Sylvietta brachyura 23ØØØ Terpsiphone rufiventer 231ØØ Trochocercus cyanomelas 232ØØ Accipiter tachiro 233ØØ Tympanistria tympanistria 234ØØ Andropadus virens (= Eurillas virens) 235ØØ Andropadus curvirostris 236ØØ Andropadus latirostris (= Stelgidocichla latirostris) 237ØØ Phyllastrephus albigularis 238ØØ Bleda canicapilla 239ØØ Criniger barbatus 24ØØØ Criniger calurus 242ØØ Stiphrornis erythrothorax 243ØØ Camaroptera brevicaudata 244ØØ Sylvietta virens 245ØØ Hylia prasina 246ØØ Fraseria cinerascens 247ØØ Dyaphorophyia castanea 248ØØ Tchitrea rufiventer (= 23ØØØ Terpsiphone rufiventer) 249ØØ Illadopsis rufescens (= Trichastoma rufescens) 24995 Species not accepted 24997 Cage & exotic birds 24998 Hybrids & intermediates 25ØØØ Trichastoma moloneyanum iboensis (taxonomic origin unknown)


251ØØ Anthreptes collaris 252ØØ Cyanomitra olivacea 253ØØ Nicator chloris 254ØØ Malimbus nitens 255ØØ Spermophaga haematina 256ØØ Laniarius aethiopicus 257ØØ Callonetta leucophrys 258ØØ Mareca sibilatrix 259ØØ Paecilonetta bahamensis (= Ø19ØØ Anas bahamensis) 26ØØØ Pyrrhura orcesi 261ØØ Atlapetes pallidiceps 262ØØ Cyanoliseus patagonus 263ØØ Larus belcheri 264ØØ Ploceus castaneiceps 2641Ø Ploceus capitalis 2642Ø Ploceus intermedius 2643Ø Vidua macroura 2644Ø Estrilda perreina 2645Ø Estrilda rhodopyga 2646Ø Amaurornis flavirostris 2647Ø Vanellus albiceps 2648Ø Illadopsis puveli 2649Ø Prionops plumatus 265ØØ Calamator levaillautii 2651Ø Streptopelia vinacea 2652Ø Campethera punctuligera 2653Ø Turdus pelios 2654Ø Chlorocichla flavicollis 2655Ø Lybius dubius 2656Ø Larus argentatus mongolicus 2657Ø Anas crecca carolinensis (=Ø1842) 2658Ø Sylvia minula 2659Ø Nettapus auritus 266ØØ Coturnix delegorguei 2661Ø Psittacula eupatria 2662Ø Euplectes albonotatus 26632 Larus argentatus smithsonianus 26642 Motacilla flava leucocephala 26643 Motacilla flava simillima 2665Ø Tadorna radjah 2666Ø Tadorna cana 2667Ø Tadorna tadornoides 2668Ø Tadorna variegata 2669Ø Amazona oratrix 267ØØ Pachyptila belcheri 2671Ø Centropus superciliosus 26711 Centropus superciliosus superciliosus 26712 Centropus superciliosus sokotrae 26713 Centropus superciliosus loandae 26714 Centropus superciliosus burchellii 2672Ø Agelaius cyanopus 2673Ø Ammodramus humeralis 2674Ø Anthus hellmayri 2675Ø Aratinga leucophthalmus 2676Ø Arremon taciturnus 2677Ø Attila bolivianus 2678Ø Buteo magnirostris 2679Ø Cacicus cela 268ØØ Camptostoma obsoletum 2681Ø Caprimulgus parvulus parvulus 2682Ø Certhiaxis cinnamomea 2683Ø Chloroceryle amazona 2684Ø Cnemotriccus fuscatus 2685Ø Colaptes campestris 2686Ø Columbina picui 2687Ø Coryphaspiza melanotis 2688Ø Cranioleuca gutturata 2689Ø Crypturellus parvirostris 269ØØ Culicivora caudacuta 2691Ø Deconychura longicauda 2692Ø Dendrocincla merula 26921 Dendrocincla merula merula 2693Ø Donacobius atricapilla 2694Ø Donacospiza albifrons 2695Ø Dysithamnus mentalis 2696Ø Elaenia flavogaster 2697Ø Elaenia parvirostris 2698Ø Emberizoides herbicola 2699Ø Eucometis penicillata 26991 Eucometis penicillata penicillata 27ØØØ Euphonia chlorotica 27Ø1Ø Euphonia laniirostris 27Ø11 Euphonia laniirostris laniirostris 27Ø2Ø Formicivora rufa

27Ø3Ø Furnarius leucopus 27Ø31 Furnarius leucopus leucopus 27Ø4Ø Furnarius rufus 27Ø5Ø Galbula ruficauda 27Ø51 Galbula ruficauda ruficauda 27Ø6Ø Geothlypis aequinoctialis 27Ø61 Geothlypis aequinoctialis aequinoctialis 27Ø7Ø Hemitriccus flammulatus 27Ø8Ø Hemitriccus zosterops 27Ø9Ø Hydropsalis brasiliana 271ØØ Icterus cayanensis 2711Ø Inezia inornata 2712Ø Jacana jacana 2713Ø Knipolegus hudsoni 2714Ø Laterallus melanophaius 2715Ø Lathrotriccus euleri 2716Ø Lepidocolaptes angustirostris 2717Ø Leptopogon amaurocephalus 2718Ø Leptotila rufaxilla 2719Ø Leucopternis schistacea 272ØØ Mimus saturninus 2721Ø Momotus momota 27211 Momotus momota momota 27212 Momotus momota coeruliceps 2722Ø Monasa nigrifrons 2723Ø Myiarchus ferox 2724Ø Myiarchus swainsoni 2725Ø Myiophobus fasciatus 2726Ø Myiozetetes cayanensis 2727Ø Myrmeciza hemimelaena 2728Ø Myrmeciza hyperythra 2729Ø Myrmoborus leucophrys 273ØØ Neopelma sulphureiventer 2731Ø Oryzoborus angolensis 2732Ø Paroaria gularis 27321 Paroaria gularis gularis 2733Ø Phacellodomus ruber 2734Ø Picumnus albosquamatus 2735Ø Pipra fasciicauda 2736Ø Polioptila dumicola 27361 Polioptila dumicola dumicola 2737Ø Pseudocolopteryx sclateri 2738Ø Ramphocelus carbo 2739Ø Saltator maximus 274ØØ Satrapa icterophrys 2741Ø Schiffornis turdinus 2742Ø Schistochlamys melanopis 2743Ø Serpophaga munda 2744Ø Sittasomus griseicapillus 2745Ø Sporophila caerulescens 2746Ø Sporophila collaris 2747Ø Sporophila leucoptera 27471 Sporophila leucoptera leucoptera 27472 Sporophila leucoptera bicolor 2748Ø Sporophila ruficollis 2749Ø Synallaxis albescens 275ØØ Synallaxis gujanensis 2751Ø Synallaxis hypospodia 2752Ø Tapera naevia 2753Ø Taraba major 2754Ø Thamnophilus doliatus 27541 Thamnophilus doliatus doliatus 2755Ø Thamnophilus punctatus 2756Ø Thamnophilus schistaceus 2757Ø Thlypopsis sordida 2758Ø Thraupis palmarum 2759Ø Thraupis sayaca 276ØØ Thryothorus genibarbis 2761Ø Thryothorus guarayanus 2762Ø Todirostrum latirostre 2763Ø Tolmomyias sulphurescens 2764Ø Trogon melanurus 2765Ø Turdus amaurochalinus 2766Ø Turdus hauxwelli 2767Ø Veniliornis passerinus 2768Ø Xenops tenuirostris 2769Ø Xiphorhynchus guttatus 27691 Xiphorhynchus guttatus guttatus 277ØØ Xiphorhynchus picus 2771Ø Xolmis velata 2772Ø Fregetta grallaria 2773Ø Fregetta tropica 2774Ø Pachyptila turtur 27741 Pachyptila turtur turtur 27742 Pachyptila turtur subantarctica

2775Ø Aptenodytes patagonicus 2776Ø Aptenodytes forsteri 2777Ø Anas georgica 27771 Anas georgica georgica 27772 Anas georgica spinicauda 2778Ø Anthus antarcticus 2779Ø Procellaria cinera 278ØØ Procellaria aequinoctialis 2781Ø Procellaria parkinsoni 2782Ø Procellaria westlandica 2783Ø Otus insularis 279ØØ Neochen jubata 2791Ø Copsychus albospecularis 2792Ø Copsychus saularis 2793Ø Copsychus sechellarum 2794Ø Copsychus malabaricus 2796Ø Copsychus luzoniensis 2797Ø Copsychus niger 2798Ø Copsychus cebuensis 2799Ø Balearica regulorum 27991 Balearica regulorum regulorum 27992 Balearica regulorum gibbericeps 28ØØØ Anas erythrorhyncha 28Ø1Ø Francolinus erckelii 28Ø2Ø Anumbius annumbi 28Ø3Ø Anas bernieri 3ØØ1Ø Accipiter castanilius 3ØØ2Ø Accipiter erythropus 3ØØ3Ø Accipiter melanoleucus 3ØØ4Ø Accipiter ovampensis 3ØØ5Ø Acrocephalus gracilirostris 3ØØ6Ø Acrocephalus rufescens 3ØØ7Ø Actophilornis africanus 3ØØ8Ø Aenigmatolimnas marginalis 3ØØ9Ø Agapornis pullarius 3Ø1ØØ Agelastes niger 3Ø11Ø Alcedo coerulescens 3Ø12Ø Alcedo cristata 3Ø13Ø Alcedo leucogaster 3Ø14Ø Alcedo quadribrachys 3Ø15Ø Alethe diademata 3Ø16Ø Amadina fasciata 3Ø17Ø Amblyospiza albifrons 3Ø18Ø Anaplectes rubriceps 3Ø19Ø Anas hottentota 3Ø2ØØ Anas sparsa 3Ø21Ø Anas undulata 3Ø22Ø Anastomus lamelligerus 3Ø23Ø Andropadus ansorgei 3Ø24Ø Andropadus gracilirostris 3Ø25Ø Andropadus gracilis 3Ø26Ø Andropadus montanus 3Ø27Ø Andropadus tephrolaemus 3Ø28Ø Anhinga rufa 3Ø29Ø Anomalospiza imberbis 3Ø3ØØ Anous minutus 3Ø31Ø Anthoscopus flavifrons 3Ø32Ø Anthoscopus parvulus 3Ø33Ø Anthoscopus punctifrons 3Ø34Ø Anthreptes fraseri 3Ø35Ø Anthreptes gabonicus 3Ø36Ø Anthreptes longuemarei 3Ø37Ø Anthreptes rectirostris 3Ø38Ø Anthus cinnamomeus 3Ø39Ø Anthus leucophrys 3Ø4ØØ Apalis cinerea 3Ø41Ø Apalis flavida 3Ø42Ø Apalis jacksoni 3Ø43Ø Apalis nigriceps 3Ø44Ø Apalis pulchra 3Ø45Ø Apalis rufogularis 3Ø46Ø Apaloderma aequatoriale 3Ø47Ø Apaloderma narina 3Ø48Ø Apaloderma vittatum 3Ø49Ø Aplopelia larvata 3Ø5ØØ Apus barbatus 3Ø51Ø Apus horus 3Ø52Ø Apus sladeniae 3Ø53Ø Aquila nipalensis (= Ø2942 A.r.n.) 3Ø54Ø Aquila wahlbergi 3Ø55Ø Ardea intermedia (=Ø12ØØ E.i.) 3Ø56Ø Ardeola rufiventris 3Ø57Ø Aviceda cuculoides 3Ø58Ø Baeopogon clamans 3Ø59Ø Baeopogon indicator 3Ø6ØØ Balearica pavonina


3Ø6Ø1 Balearica pavonina pavonina 3Ø6Ø2 Balearica pavonina ceciliae 3Ø61Ø Batis orientalis 3Ø62Ø Batis poensis 3Ø63Ø Bias flammulatus 3Ø64Ø Bias musicus 3Ø65Ø Bleda eximia 3Ø66Ø Bleda syndactyla 3Ø67Ø Bostrychia hagedash 3Ø68Ø Bostrychia olivacea 3Ø69Ø Bostrychia rara 3Ø7ØØ Bradornis pallidus 3Ø71Ø Bradypterus baboecala 3Ø72Ø Bradypterus bangwaensis 3Ø73Ø Bubalornis albirostris 3Ø74Ø Bubo lacteus 3Ø75Ø Bubo poensis 3Ø76Ø Buccanodon duchaillui 3Ø77Ø Bucorvus abyssinicus 3Ø78Ø Buphagus africanus 3Ø79Ø Burhinus vermiculatus 3Ø8ØØ Butastur rufipennis 3Ø81Ø Buteo auguralis 3Ø82Ø Calyptocichla serina 3Ø83Ø Camaroptera chloronota 3Ø84Ø Camaroptera superciliaris 3Ø85Ø Campephaga oriolina 3Ø86Ø Campephaga petiti 3Ø87Ø Campephaga phoenicea 3Ø88Ø Campephaga quiscalina 3Ø89Ø Campethera abingoni 3Ø9ØØ Campethera cailliautii 3Ø91Ø Campethera caroli 3Ø92Ø Campethera nivosa 3Ø93Ø Campethera tullbergi 3Ø94Ø Canirallus oculeus 3Ø95Ø Caprimulgus climacurus 3Ø96Ø Caprimulgus natalensis 3Ø97Ø Caprimulgus pectoralis 3Ø98Ø Caprimulgus tristigma 3Ø99Ø Centropus grillii 31ØØØ Centropus leucogaster 31Ø1Ø Centropus monachus 31Ø2Ø Ceratogymna albotibialis 31Ø3Ø Ceratogymna atrata 31Ø4Ø Ceratogymna bucinator 31Ø5Ø Ceratogymna elata 31Ø6Ø Ceratogymna fistulator 31Ø7Ø Ceratogymna subcylindricus 31Ø8Ø Cercococcyx mechowi 31Ø9Ø Cercococcyx olivinus 311ØØ Cercomela familiaris 3111Ø Cercotrichas hartlaubi 3112Ø Ceuthmochares aereus 3113Ø Charadrius forbesi 3114Ø Charadrius tricollaris 3115Ø Chelictinia riocourii 3116Ø Chlorocichla simplex 3117Ø Chloropeta natalensis 3118Ø Chrysococcyx cupreus 3119Ø Chrysococcyx flavigularis 312ØØ Circaetus cinerascens 3121Ø Circaetus cinereus 3122Ø Cisticola anonymus 3123Ø Cisticola aridulus 3124Ø Cisticola brachypterus 3125Ø Cisticola cantans 3126Ø Cisticola chubbi 3127Ø Cisticola dorsti 3128Ø Cisticola emini 3129Ø Cisticola erythrops 313ØØ Cisticola eximius 3131Ø Cisticola galactotes 3132Ø Cisticola lateralis 3133Ø Cisticola natalensis 3134Ø Cisticola robustus 3135Ø Cisticola ruficeps 3136Ø Cisticola rufus 3137Ø Clamator levaillantii 3138Ø Clytospiza monteiri 3139Ø Colius striatus 314ØØ Columba arquatrix 3141Ø Columba delegorguei 3142Ø Columba guinea 3143Ø Columba unicincta 3144Ø Coracias cyanogaster

3145Ø Coracias naevia 3146Ø Coracina azurea 3147Ø Coracina caesia 3148Ø Coracina pectoralis 3149Ø Corvinella corvina 315ØØ Corythaeola cristata 3151Ø Cossypha albicapilla 3152Ø Cossypha cyanocampter 3153Ø Cossypha isabellae 3154Ø Cossypha polioptera 3155Ø Cossyphicula roberti 3156Ø Coturnix adansonii 3157Ø Crecopsis egregia 3158Ø Crinifer piscator 3159Ø Criniger chloronotus 316ØØ Criniger olivaceus 3161Ø Cuculus clamosus 3162Ø Cuculus gularis 3163Ø Cuculus solitarius 3164Ø Cursorius temminckii 3165Ø Dendropicos elachus 3166Ø Dendropicos elliotii 3167Ø Dendropicos fuscescens 3168Ø Dendropicos gabonensis 3169Ø Dendropicos goertae 317ØØ Dendropicos obsoletus 3171Ø Dendropicos poecilolaemus 3172Ø Dendropicos pyrrhogaster 3173Ø Dendropicos xantholophus 3174Ø Dicrurus atripennis 3175Ø Dicrurus ludwigii 3176Ø Dicrurus modestus 3177Ø Drymocichla incana 3178Ø Dryoscopus angolensis 3179Ø Dryoscopus gambensis 318ØØ Dryoscopus sabini 3181Ø Dryotriorchis spectabilis 3182Ø Egretta ardesiaca 3183Ø Elanus axillaris 3184Ø Elminia albiventris 3185Ø Elminia nigromitrata 3186Ø Emberiza affinis 3187Ø Emberiza cabanisi 3188Ø Emberiza flaviventris 3189Ø Ephippiorhynchus senegalensis 319ØØ Eremomela badiceps 3191Ø Eremomela canescens 3192Ø Eremomela icteropygialis 3193Ø Eremomela pusilla 3194Ø Eremopterix leucotis 3195Ø Erythrocercus mccallii 3196Ø Estrilda caerulescens 3197Ø Estrilda nonnula 3198Ø Estrilda paludicola 3199Ø Estrilda poliopareia 32ØØØ Euplectes ardens 32Ø1Ø Euplectes axillaris 32Ø2Ø Euplectes capensis 32Ø3Ø Euplectes hartlaubi 32Ø4Ø Euplectes hordeaceus 32Ø5Ø Euplectes macrourus 32Ø6Ø Eupodotis melanogaster 32Ø7Ø Eupodotis ruficrista 32Ø8Ø Eupodotis senegalensis 32Ø9Ø Eurystomus gularis 321ØØ Euschistospiza dybowskii 3211Ø Falco alopex 3212Ø Falco ardosiaceus 3213Ø Falco cuvierii 3214Ø Fraseria ocreata 3215Ø Galerida modesta 3216Ø Gallinula angulata 3217Ø Glareola cinerea 3218Ø Glareola nuchalis 3219Ø Glaucidium perlatum 322ØØ Glaucidium sjostedti 3221Ø Gorsachius leuconotus 3222Ø Grus virgo (=Ø441Ø A.v.) 3223Ø Guttera pucherani 3224Ø Gymnobucco calvus 3225Ø Gymnobucco peli 3226Ø Gypohierax angolensis 3227Ø Gyps africanus 3228Ø Halcyon badia 323ØØ Halcyon chelicuti 3231Ø Halcyon malimbica

3232Ø Halcyon senegalensis 3233Ø Harpyhaliaetus coronatus 3234Ø Heliolais erythroptera 3235Ø Hieraaetus ayresii 3236Ø Hieraaetus spilogaster 3237Ø Himantornis haematopus 3238Ø Hirundo abyssinica 3239Ø Hirundo aethiopica 324ØØ Hirundo domicella (=Ø9952 H.daurica domicella) 3241Ø Hirundo fuligula 3242Ø Hirundo leucosoma 3243Ø Hirundo nigrita 3244Ø Hirundo preussi 3245Ø Hirundo semirufa 3246Ø Hirundo senegalensis 3247Ø Hyliota flavigaster 3248Ø Hyliota violacea 3249Ø Hypergerus atriceps 325ØØ Illadopsis cleaveri 3251Ø Illadopsis fulvescens 3252Ø Illadopsis rufipennis 3253Ø Indicator exilis 3254Ø Indicator indicator 3255Ø Indicator maculatus 3256Ø Indicator minor 3257Ø Indicator willcocksi 3258Ø Ispidina lecontei 3259Ø Ispidina picta 326ØØ Ixobrychus sturmii 3261Ø Ixonotus guttatus 3262Ø Jynx ruficollis 3263Ø Kakamega poliothorax 3264Ø Kaupifalco monogrammicus 3265Ø Kupeornis gilberti 3266Ø Lagonosticta larvata 3267Ø Lagonosticta rara 3268Ø Lagonosticta rubricata 3269Ø Lagonosticta rufopicta 327ØØ Lagonosticta sanguinodorsalis 3271Ø Lamprotornis caudatus 3272Ø Lamprotornis chalcurus 3273Ø Lamprotornis chalybaeus 3274Ø Lamprotornis chloropterus 3275Ø Lamprotornis pulcher 3276Ø Lamprotornis purpureiceps 3277Ø Lamprotornis purpureus 3278Ø Lamprotornis splendidus 3279Ø Laniarius atrococcineus 328ØØ Laniarius atroflavus 3281Ø Laniarius barbarus 3282Ø Laniarius erythrogaster 3283Ø Laniarius fuelleborni 3284Ø Laniarius leucorhynchus 3285Ø Laniarius luehderi 3286Ø Laniarus barbarus (=3281Ø L.b.) 3287Ø Lanius collaris 3288Ø Lanius excubitoroides 3289Ø Lanius gubernator 329ØØ Lanius mackinnoni 3291Ø Lanius meridionalis (=152Ø3 L.e.m.) 3292Ø Linurgus olivaceus 3293Ø Lonchura cantans (=1619Ø E.c.) 3294Ø Lophaetus occipitalis 3295Ø Lybius bidentatus 3296Ø Lybius leucocephalus 3297Ø Lybius vieilloti 3298Ø Macheiramphus alcinus 3299Ø Macrodipteryx longipennis 33ØØØ Macrodipteryx vexillarius 33Ø1Ø Macrosphenus flavicans 33Ø2Ø Macrosphenus kempi 33Ø3Ø Malaconotus blanchoti 33Ø4Ø Malaconotus cruentus 33Ø5Ø Malaconotus gladiator 33Ø6Ø Malaconotus sulfureopecous 33Ø7Ø Malimbus erythrogaster 33Ø8Ø Malimbus ibadanensis 33Ø9Ø Malimbus malimbicus 331ØØ Malimbus racheliae 3311Ø Malimbus rubricollis 3312Ø Malimbus scutatus 3313Ø Mandingoa nitidula 3314Ø Megaceryle maxima 3315Ø Melichneutes robustus


3316Ø Melierax gabar (=Ø266Ø M.g.) 3317Ø Melocichla mentalis 3318Ø Merops breweri 3319Ø Merops bulocki 332ØØ Merops gularis 3321Ø Merops hirundineus 3322Ø Merops malimbicus 3323Ø Merops muelleri 3324Ø Merops nubicus 3325Ø Merops pusillus 3326Ø Merops variegatus 3327Ø Microparra capensis 3328Ø Mirafra africana 3329Ø Mirafra rufocinnamomea 333ØØ Morus capensis 3331Ø Motacilla clara 3332Ø Muscicapa adusta 3333Ø Muscicapa aquatica 3334Ø Muscicapa cassini 3335Ø Muscicapa comitata 3336Ø Muscicapa epulata 3337Ø Muscicapa infuscata 3338Ø Muscicapa olivascens 3339Ø Muscicapa sethsmithi 334ØØ Muscicapa tessmanni 3341Ø Muscicapa ussheri 3342Ø Musophaga violacea 3343Ø Myioparus griseigularis 3344Ø Myrmecocichla albifrons 3345Ø Myrmecocichla nigra 3346Ø Neafrapus cassini 3347Ø Nectarinia adelberti 3348Ø Nectarinia batesi 3349Ø Nectarinia bouvieri 335ØØ Nectarinia chloropygia 3351Ø Nectarinia coccinigaster 3352Ø Nectarinia cuprea 3353Ø Nectarinia cyanolaema 3354Ø Nectarinia fuliginosa 3355Ø Nectarinia johannae 3356Ø Nectarinia minulla 3357Ø Nectarinia olivacea (=252ØØ C.o.) 3358Ø Nectarinia oritis 3359Ø Nectarinia preussi 336ØØ Nectarinia reichenbachii 3361Ø Nectarinia rubescens 3362Ø Nectarinia seimundi 3363Ø Nectarinia senegalensis 3364Ø Nectarinia superba 3365Ø Nectarinia venusta 3366Ø Nectarinia verticalis 3367Ø Neocossyphus finschii 3368Ø Neocossyphus fraseri 3369Ø Neocossyphus poensis 337ØØ Neocossyphus rufus 3371Ø Neotis nuba 3372Ø Nesocharis capistrata 3373Ø Nesocharis shelleyi 3374Ø Nigrita bicolor 3375Ø Nigrita canicapilla 3376Ø Nigrita fusconota 3377Ø Nigrita luteifrons 3378Ø Nilaus afer 3379Ø Oenanthe heuglini 338ØØ Onychognathus fulgidus 3381Ø Onychognathus morio 3382Ø Onychognathus walleri 3383Ø Oriolus auratus 3384Ø Oriolus brachyrhynchus 3385Ø Oriolus nigripennis 3386Ø Ortygospiza atricollis 3387Ø Ortyxelos meiffrenii 3388Ø Otus leucotis 3389Ø Otus senegalensis 339ØØ Pachycoccyx audeberti 3391Ø Pachyphantes superciliosus 3392Ø Parmoptila woodhousei 3393Ø Parus albiventris 3394Ø Parus leucomelas 3395Ø Peliperdix albogularis 3396Ø Peliperdix coqui 3397Ø Peliperdix lathami 3398Ø Phoeniculus bollei 3399Ø Phoeniculus castaneiceps 34ØØØ Phoeniculus purpureus 34Ø1Ø Pholidornis rushiae

34Ø2Ø Phyllanthus atripennis 34Ø3Ø Phyllastrephus baumanni 34Ø4Ø Phyllastrephus icterinus 34Ø5Ø Phyllastrephus poensis 34Ø6Ø Phyllastrephus poliocephalus 34Ø7Ø Phyllastrephus xavieri 34Ø8Ø Phyllolais pulchella 34Ø9Ø Phylloscopus herberti 341ØØ Picathartes oreas 3411Ø Pinarocorys erythropygia 3412Ø Pitta angolensis 3413Ø Platalea alba 3414Ø Platysteira blissetti 3415Ø Platysteira castanea 3416Ø Platysteira concreta 3417Ø Plocepasser superciliosus 3418Ø Ploceus albinucha 3419Ø Ploceus aurantius 342ØØ Ploceus baglafecht 3421Ø Ploceus bannermani 3422Ø Ploceus bicolor 3423Ø Ploceus heuglini 3424Ø Ploceus insignis 3425Ø Ploceus luteolus 3426Ø Ploceus nigricollis 3427Ø Ploceus ocularis 3428Ø Ploceus pelzelni 3429Ø Ploceus tricolor 343ØØ Ploceus vitellinus 3431Ø Podica senegalensis 3432Ø Poeoptera lugubris 3433Ø Pogoniulus atroflavus 3434Ø Pogoniulus bilineatus 3435Ø Pogoniulus chrysoconus 3436Ø Pogoniulus coryphaeus 3437Ø Pogoniulus pusillus 3438Ø Pogoniulus scolopaceus 3439Ø Pogoniulus subsulphureus 344ØØ Poicephalus gulielmi 3441Ø Poicephalus robustus 3442Ø Poicephalus senegalus 3443Ø Polemaetus bellicosus 3444Ø Poliolais lopezi 3445Ø Polyboroides typus 3446Ø Prinia fluviatilis 3447Ø Prinia subflava 3448Ø Prionops caniceps 3449Ø Prodotiscus insignis 345ØØ Prodotiscus regulus 3451Ø Psalidoprocne fuliginosa 3452Ø Psalidoprocne holomelas 3453Ø Psalidoprocne nitens 3454Ø Psalidoprocne obscura 3455Ø Pseudhirundo griseopyga 3456Ø Pseudoalcippe abyssinica 3457Ø Psittacus erithacus 3458Ø Pternistis ahantensis 3459Ø Pternistis bicalcaratus 346ØØ Pternistis clappertoni 3461Ø Pternistis squamatus 3462Ø Pterocles quadricinctus 3463Ø Pteronetta hartlaubii 3464Ø Ptilopachus petrosus 3465Ø Ptilostomus afer 3466Ø Pyrenestes ostrinus 3467Ø Pyrrhurus scandens 3468Ø Pytilia hypogrammica 3469Ø Pytilia melba 347ØØ Pytilia phoenicoptera 3471Ø Rhaphidura sabini 3472Ø Rhinopomastus aterrimus 3473Ø Rhinoptilus chalcopterus 3474Ø Riparia cincta 3475Ø Sagittarius serpentarius 3476Ø Salpornis spilonotus 3477Ø Sarkidiornis melanotos 3478Ø Sarothrura boehmi 3479Ø Sarothrura elegans 348ØØ Sarothrura pulchra 3481Ø Sarothrura rufa 3482Ø Schoenicola brevirostris 3483Ø Scotopelia bouvieri 3484Ø Scotopelia peli 3485Ø Serinus burtoni 3486Ø Serinus gularis 3487Ø Serinus leucopygius

3488Ø Serinus mozambicus 3489Ø Sheppardia cyornithopsis 349ØØ Smithornis capensis 3491Ø Smithornis rufolateralis 3492Ø Smithornis sharpei 3493Ø Spermestes bicolor 3494Ø Spermestes cucullatus 3495Ø Spermestes fringilloides 3496Ø Spiloptila clamans 3497Ø Spizaetus africanus 3498Ø Sporopipes frontalis 3499Ø Sterna balaenarum 35ØØØ Streptopelia decipiens 35Ø1Ø Streptopelia hypopyrrha 35Ø2Ø Strix woodfordii 35Ø3Ø Sylvietta denti 35Ø4Ø Tachymarptis aequatorialis 35Ø5Ø Tauraco leucolophus 35Ø6Ø Tauraco macrorhynchus 35Ø7Ø Tauraco persa 35Ø8Ø Tchagra australis 35Ø9Ø Tchagra minuta 351ØØ Telacanthura melanopygia 3511Ø Telacanthura ussheri 3512Ø Telophorus multicolor 3513Ø Telophorus sulfureopectus 3514Ø Terpsiphone rufocinerea 3515Ø Thalassornis leuconotus 3516Ø Thamnolaea cinnamomeiventris 3517Ø Thamnolaea coronata 3518Ø Thescelocichla leucopleura 3519Ø Tigriornis leucolophus 352ØØ Tockus camurus 3521Ø Tockus erythrorhynchus 3522Ø Tockus fasciatus 3523Ø Tockus hartlaubi 3524Ø Trachyphonus margaritatus 3525Ø Trachyphonus purpuratus 3526Ø Treron calva 3527Ø Tricholaema hirsuta 3528Ø Trigonoceps occipitalis 3529Ø Trochocercus nitens 353ØØ Tropicranus albocristatus 3531Ø Turdoides plebejus 3532Ø Turdoides reinwardtii 3533Ø Turnix nana 3534Ø Turtur abyssinicus 3535Ø Turtur brehmeri 3536Ø Turtur tympanistria 3537Ø Upupa africana (= Ø8467 U.e.a.) 3538Ø Urocolius macrourus 3539Ø Urolais epichlora 354ØØ Urotriorchis macrourus 3541Ø Vanellus crassirostris 3542Ø Vanellus lugubris 3543Ø Vanellus senegallus 3544Ø Vanellus superciliosus 3545Ø Vanellus tectus 3546Ø Vidua chalybeata 3547Ø Vidua funerea 3548Ø Vidua interjecta 3549Ø Vidua larvaticola 355ØØ Vidua maryae 3551Ø Vidua nigeriae 3552Ø Vidua paradisaea 3553Ø Vidua raricola 3554Ø Vidua wilsoni 3555Ø Zoothera crossleyi 3556Ø Zoothera princei 3557Ø Zosterops senegalensis 9ØØ1Ø Ø16ØØ x Ø167Ø (A.e. x B.l., sex of parents unknown) 9ØØ11 Ø16ØØ x Ø167Ø (A.e.male x B.l.female) 9ØØ12 Ø167Ø x Ø16ØØ (B.l.male x A.e.female) 9ØØ2Ø Ø161Ø x Ø166Ø (A.a. x B.c., sex of parents unknown) 9ØØ21 Ø161Ø x Ø166Ø (A.a.male x B.c.female) 9ØØ22 Ø166Ø x Ø161Ø (B.c.male x A.a.female) 9ØØ3Ø Ø162Ø x Ø167Ø (A.i. x B.l., sex of parents unknown) 9ØØ31 Ø162Ø x Ø167Ø (A.i.male x


B.l.female) 9ØØ32 Ø167Ø x Ø162Ø (B.l.male x A.i.female) 9ØØ4Ø Ø166Ø x Ø167Ø (B.c. x B.l., sex of parents unknown) 9ØØ41 Ø166Ø x Ø167Ø (B.c.male x B.l.female) 9ØØ42 Ø167Ø x Ø166Ø (B.l.male x B.c.female) 9ØØ5Ø Ø186Ø x domesticated duck (A.p. x 'domesticus', sex of paren 9ØØ51 Ø186Ø x domesticated duck (A.p.male x 'domesticus' female) 9ØØ52 domesicated duck x Ø186Ø ('domesticus' male x A.p.female) 9ØØ6Ø Ø32ØØ Falco peregrinus hybrid 9ØØ61 reserved 9ØØ62 reserved 9ØØ7Ø Ø332Ø x Ø335Ø (T.t. x T.u., sex of parents unknown) 9ØØ71 Ø332Ø x Ø335Ø (T.t.male x T.u.female) 9ØØ72 Ø335Ø x Ø332Ø (T.u.male x T.t.female) 9ØØ8Ø Ø592Ø x Ø599Ø Nelson's Gull (L.a. x L.h., sex of parents unk 9ØØ81 Ø592Ø x Ø599Ø Nelson's Gull (L.a.male x L.h.female) 9ØØ82 Ø599Ø x Ø592Ø Nelson's Gull (L.h.male x L.a.female) 9ØØ9Ø Ø592Ø x Ø5927 (L.a. x L.a.c., sex of parents unknown) 9ØØ91 Ø592Ø x Ø5927 (L.a.male x L.a.c.female) 9ØØ92 Ø5927 x Ø592Ø (L.a.c.male x L.a.female) 9Ø1ØØ Ø992Ø x 1ØØ1Ø (H.r. x D.u., sex of parents unknown) 9Ø1Ø1 Ø992Ø x 1ØØ1Ø (H.r.male x D.u.female) 9Ø1Ø2 1ØØ1Ø x Ø992Ø (D.u.male x H.r.female) 9Ø11Ø 1121Ø x 1122Ø (P.o. x P.p., sex of parents unknown) 9Ø111 1121Ø x 1122Ø (P.o.male x P.p.female) 9Ø112 1122Ø x 1121Ø (P.p.male x P.o.female) 9Ø12Ø 1251Ø x 1253Ø (A.s. x A.a., sex of parents unknown) 9Ø121 1251Ø x 1253Ø (A.s.male x A.a.female) 9Ø122 1253Ø x 1251Ø (A.a.male x A.s.female) 9Ø13Ø Backcrossing Ficedula 9Ø131 reserved 9Ø132 reserved 9Ø14Ø 1348Ø x 1349Ø (F.a. x F.h., sex of parents unknown) 9Ø141 1348Ø x 1349Ø (F.a.male x F.h.female) 9Ø142 1349Ø x 1348Ø (F.h.male x F.a.female) 9Ø15Ø 1462Ø x 1463Ø Pleske's Tit (P.ca. x P.cy., sex of parents un 9Ø151 1462Ø x 1453Ø Pleske's Tit (P.ca.male x P.cy.female) 9Ø152 1463Ø x 1462Ø Pleske's Tit (P.cy.male x P.ca.female) 9Ø16Ø 1654Ø Carduelis spinus hybrid 9Ø161 reserved 9Ø162 reserved 99999 Ring destroyed or lost


MANIPULATED alphabetic, one column (3Ø) The options are presented in the order: the most important first. H Hand reared. K Fledging provoked. C Captive for more than 24 hours (code date of release). F Transported (more then 1Økm) FROM co-ordinates coded. T Transported (more then 1Økm) TO co-ordinates coded. M Manipulated (injection, biopsy, radio- or satellite telemetry etc.). R *Ringing accident. P *Poor condition when caught. N Normal, not manipulated bird. U Unknown if manipulated or not. *NOTE. Code R to be used where ringing has caused injury to bird and code P where the bird was already in poor condition when it was caught. Note that accidental loss of more than half the rectrices should cause theses codes to be used but not if the loss was during the normal course of the birds moult. If more than one of these codes applies to any bird, the appropriate code furthest up the list should be used.


MOVED BEFORE THE CAPTURE / RECAPTURE / RECOVERY numeric, one column (31) 6 Moved by water (e.g. found on shoreline). 4 Moved intentionally by man. 2 Moved unintentionally by man or other agency. Ø Not moved. NB. The movement indicated by these codes is that which has happened before the capture / recapture / recovery has been reported and indicates that the bird may have last been alive in the wild state at some place other than the capture / recapture / recovery locality coded. MOVED BY WATER. This category will not only include birds floating down river or drifting in the tide at sea, but also corpses found stranded on the tide-line, found in flotsam inland after floods or found on the shore of large lakes (big enough for there to have possibly been significant displacement of the body after death). MOVED INTENTIONALLY BY MAN will include caged birds offered for sale in markets or shot game birds offered for sale where it is not possible to discover where they were caught or killed. It should also be used for ring or ring and leg (Ø2 and Ø3 respectively in the field “circumstances”) found in circumstances where it is obvious that they have been moved by man intentionally (e.g. in a Post Office, in a drawer). MOVED BY OTHER AGENCY will most commonly be used for unintentional movement by man when the bird has been struck by and stuck in a moving vehicle. However it can be used for birds killed by predators where they may have moved their (ringed) prey a significant distance.


CATCHING METHOD alphabetic, one column (32) - (one ‘hyphen’) not applicable, because there was no catching at all (for example ‘found’ or

‘found dead’ or ‘shot’) Z unknown M Mist net C Cannon net or rocket net D Dazzling W passive Walk-in / maze trap A Actively triggered trap (by ringer) B trap automatically triggered by Bird L cLap net P Phut net T Helgoland Trap or duck decoy H by Hand (with or without hook, noose etc.) N on Nest (any method) R Round up whilst flightless F caught in Flight by anything other than a static mist net (e.g. flicked) V roosting in caVity S ball-chatri or other Snare device U Dutch net for PlUvialis apricaria G Nets put just under the water’s surface and lifted up as waterfowl (ducks, Grebes, divers)

swim over it O any Other system (the alphabetic character “O”)


CATCHING LURES alphabetic, one column (33) - (one ‘hyphen’) not applicable, because there was no catching lures at all (for example ‘found’

or ‘found dead’ or ‘shot’) U unknown or not coded A food B water C light D decoy birds (alive) E decoy birds (stuffed specimens or artificial decoy) F sound from tape recorder (same species) G sound from tape recorder (other species) H sound from mechanical whistle M more than one lure used N definitely no lure used


SEX, as mentioned by the person who handled the bird. alphabetic, one column (34) U Unknown M Male F Female

---------- SEX, as concluded by the Scheme. alphabetic, one column (35) Coding this field is the same as in the previous field. NOTE. The importance of this field is to confirm if the Scheme considers the sex, given by the person who handled the bird, is correct or not.


AGE, as mentioned by the person who handled the bird. alphanumeric, one column (36) Ø Age unknown, i.e. not recorded. 1 Pullus: nestling or chick, unable to fly freely, still able to be caught by hand. 2 Full-grown: able to fly freely but age otherwise unknown. 3 First-year: full-grown bird hatched in the breeding season of this calendar year. 4 After first-year: full-grown bird hatched before this calendar year; year of birth otherwise unknown. 5 2nd year: a bird hatched last calendar year and now in its second calendar year. 6 After 2nd year: full-grown bird hatched before last calendar year; year of birth otherwise unknown. 7 3rd year: a bird hatched two calendar years before, and now in its third calendar year. 8 After 3rd year: a full-grown bird hatched more than three calendar years ago (including present

year as one); year if bird otherwise unknown. 9 4th year: a bird hatched three calendar years before, and now in its fourth calendar year. A After 4th year: a bird older than category 9 - age otherwise unknown. B 5th year: one year older than category 9 - age known exactly to the year. C, D, E, F, G, H, J, K,

L, etc. onwards et seq. N.B. Because the calendar year is used throughout this coding system all birds change code overnight on December 31st - January 1st. In fact every bird from 2 and onwards has two added to the age because a bird identifiable at the end of December as 'First-year' (code 3) will, at the beginning of January be 'Second-year' (code 5) and so on. The principle is simply understood by considering the codes for a fully grown bird caught during 1978, see below. The top line gives the year indicated by the code, the second line the code for a bird definitely hatched in that calendar year and trapped and aged in 1978, the third (bottom line) the code for a bird of unknown age except that it was hatched not later than that year. 1978 1977 1976 1975 1974 1973 1972 1971 197Ø 1969 1968 1967 1966 3 5 7 9 B D F H K M P R T 2 4 6 8 A C E G J L N Q S Although only a minority of species can be aged into the alphabetic codes provided, it is felt helpful to have the EURING age code extended to be able to express age on recapture of birds which have been ringed in earlier years.

---------- AGE, as concluded by the Scheme. alphanumeric, one column (37) Coding this field is the same as in the previous field. NOTE. The importance of this field is to confirm if the Scheme considers the age, given by the person who handled the bird, is correct or not. Don’t calculate the age: on a recapture it’s not a 5 calendar-year because you know the bird was ringed as a pullus.


STATUS alphabetic, one column (38) Status of full grown bird: - bird not full grown (one ‘hyphen’) U Unknown or unrecorded. N Nesting or Breeding. R Roosting assemblage. K In Colony (not necessarily breeding but not pullus). M Moulting assemblage (whether bird moulting or not). T MoulTing. L Apparently a Local bird, but not breeding. W Apparently a bird Wintering in the locality. P On Passage - certainly not a local breeding nor wintering bird (includes birds attracted to

lighthouses). S At Sea - birds on boats, lightships or oil rigs. NOTE. Do code U (unknown or unrecorded) unless you are 100% sure about the status. Don’t make conclusions based on “I do come here often and the birds always behave in that way”.


BROODSIZE only for records of nestlings alphanumeric, two columns (39 - 4Ø) -- bird is not a nestling (twice a ‘hyphen’) ØØ unknown, not coded. Ø1 1 chick in the nest. Ø2 2 chicks in the nest. 12 12 chicks in the nest. more then 50 means chicks in a mixed brood. 65 15 (=65-50) chicks in the nest from definitely more then one female. 68 18 (=68-50) chicks in the nest from definitely more then one female. 99 chicks present but exact number in brood unknown. Warning. The biologically important information is the number of young alive at the time of ringing, and it must be emphasised to the ringers working in the field that it is this information that is required and NOT the number of young from the brood which happen to have been ringed.


PULLUS AGE alphanumeric, two columns (41 - 42) -- bird is not a pullus (twice a ‘hyphen’) 99 pullus age not recorded ØØ pullus age Ø days. Ø1 pullus age 1 day. Ø6 pullus age 6 days. 13 pullus age 13 days. 44 pullus age 44 days. For accuracy of pullus age see the next column.


ACCURACY of PULLUS AGE alphanumeric, one column (43) - bird is not a pullus (a ‘hyphen’). Ø accurate to the day. 1 accurate to within 1 day either side of day coded. 2 accurate to within 2 days either side of day coded. 3 accurate to within 3 days either side of day coded. 4 accurate to within 4 days either side of day coded. 5 accurate to within 5 days either side of day coded. 6 accurate to within 6 days either side of day coded. 7 accurate to within 7 days either side of day coded. 8 accurate to within 8 days either side of day coded. 9 accurate to within 9 days either side of day coded. U unrecorded / not known


DATE numeric, eight columns (44 - 51) The date in days, months and years to be coded as follows: ddmmyyyy 1st January 1977 Ø1Ø11977 5st September 2Ø13 Ø5Ø92Ø13 17th June 1949 17Ø61949 3Øth March 1965 3ØØ31965 15th October 1923 151Ø1923 29th August 1949 29Ø81949 2th July 2ØØ8 Ø2Ø72ØØ8 3Øth December 1977 3Ø121977 29th May 2ØØ2 29Ø52ØØ2 9th November 1896 Ø9111896 18th February 21Ø2 18Ø221Ø2 NOTE. Any inaccuracy of date is indicated by the contents of the column concerning accuracy of date. An estimated real date should always be entered in these eight columns. Do not code: --Ø21999 when the day in February 1999 is not known, in that case code 15Ø21999 and accuracy of date = '4'.


ACCURACY of DATE numeric, one column (52) Ø Accurate to the day. 1 Accurate to within 1 day either side of date coded. 2 Accurate to within 3 days either side of date coded. 3 Accurate to within 1 week either side of date coded. 4 Accurate to within 2 weeks either side of date coded. 5 Accurate to within 6 weeks either side of date coded. 6 Accurate to within 3 months either side of date coded. 7 Accurate to within 6 months either side of date coded. 8 Accurate to within some years only.* 9 Date of issue of ring or other earliest possible use of ring (only for record no.1 = old

fashioned ringing details) or, date of recovery report (either on letter or postmark) or,

date of finding coded, but bird long dead, found mummified, ring in owl pellet, hunters collection etc. (may be used even if ringing date within the previous 6 months).

* Code inaccuracy 8 when time of year given but actual year in doubt: e.g. 'Found over Christmas either 1974 or 1975' should be coded 8 in this column and 25 12 1974 as date, rather than 7 in this column and 25 Ø6 1975. Note that codes 2-8 should be used to indicate lack of accuracy in the reporting letter - e.g. 'I found this bird about three weeks ago' and NEVER because of the finders estimate - e.g. 'it looked as though it had been dead for about three weeks'. Exact coding of inaccurate dates will depend on exactly what is said by the finder and whether the date to be coded is recent or not. For example 'End of September' might be 27.9 accuracy 2 if the letter was received early in October but 25.9 accuracy 3 if it was written in December.


TIME alphabetic and numeric, four columns (53 - 56) The actual time of the day in hours and minutes, according to a 24 hour clock in local time: ØØØ8, Ø948, 1556, 2359 etc. When you analyse data be aware of summer- and wintertime in some countries. When not coded or unknown: ---- When only the hour of the day is known: Time Code Time Code Time Code ØØØØ-ØØ59 ØØ-- Ø8ØØ-Ø859 Ø8-- 16ØØ-1659 16-- Ø1ØØ-Ø159 Ø1-- Ø9ØØ-Ø959 Ø9-- 17ØØ-1759 17-- Ø2ØØ-Ø259 Ø2-- 1ØØØ-1Ø59 1Ø-- 18ØØ-1859 18-- Ø3ØØ-Ø359 Ø3-- 11ØØ-1159 11-- 19ØØ-1959 19-- Ø4ØØ-Ø459 Ø4-- 12ØØ-1259 12-- 2ØØØ-2Ø59 2Ø-- Ø5ØØ-Ø559 Ø5-- 13ØØ-1359 13-- 21ØØ-2159 21-- Ø6ØØ-Ø659 Ø6-- 14ØØ-1459 14-- 22ØØ-2259 22-- Ø7ØØ-Ø759 Ø7-- 15ØØ-1559 15-- 23ØØ-2359 23--


PLACE CODE four columns (57 - 6Ø), two alphabetic (57 - 58), two alphanumeric (59 - 6Ø) The purpose of the Place Code is solely to identify particular geographical areas in terms of current administrative regions. No political statements are implied by any of these codes. FIRST PAIR OF CHARACTERS identifying the country. SECOND PAIR OF CHARACTERS identifying the sub-division of the country. These are either alphabetic or numeric. Numeric codes follow the established final two digits of the original code in almost all cases.

When possible all spellings of the names of countries and provinces refer to “The Times Comprehensive Atlas of the World. Tenth edition 1999, reprint with changes 2ØØØ. Times Books, 77-85 Fulham Place Road, London W6 8JB, ISBN Ø-723Ø-Ø792-6”, in this publication always refered as “the Times Atlas”. All boundaries are also taken from this atlas, unless otherwise noted. Coding <alphabetic><alphabetic><zero><zero> in column 57-60 means either that there are no subdivisions in this country, or else a specific subdivision named in the code. Coding <alphabetic><alphabetic><-><-> in column 57-60 means there are subdivisions in this country. When the area within a country with subdivisions is not known, e.g. bird reported in “The Netherlands”, then "--" should be coded in the third and fourth column, NOT "ØØ" as this could mean a specific part of the country concerned. NUMERIC EQUIVALENTS and old place codes. Numeric equivalents are not given in this code. Old (numeric) place codes can be found in the ‘EURING Code Manual’ (1966) and in the ‘Code Manual New EURING’ (1979). Both are available on the EURING website ( www.euring.org ). INTERNET GAZETTEERS. There are internetsites where you can search for geographical names and their co-ordinates. An old-fashioned word is “gazetteers”. A few of those sites are given here, but please remember: websites are like birds, they come and go unexpected. UPDATING THE FIELD PLACE CODE. Whenever you can’t find a country code in this list please contact [email protected]




COUNTRIES in alphabetic order. Ø= the number zero; O= the alphabetic character o. Aden AIØØ Afghanistan GNØØ Albania ABØØ Algeria AG-- Andorra EKØØ * Andorra EK23 * Angola ALØØ Antarctica ANØØ Antilles Lesser LAØØ Arctic Ocean -AØØ Arctic Ocean (islands) +AØØ Argentina BJØØ Armenia AEØØ Australia AA-- Austria AU-- Azerbaijan AK-- Azores +HAZ Bahamas TJØØ Bahrain & Qatar AZØØ Baltic Sea -EØØ Baltic Sea (islands) +EØØ Bangladesh RNØØ Bear Island +ABI Belarus BY-- Belgium BL-- Belize CABA Benin (formerly Dahomey) XYØØ Bermuda +HBE Bhutan QAØØ Bioco (formerly Fernando Poo) YHØØ Biscay, Bay of -DØØ Biscay, Bay of (islands) +DØØ Black Sea -GØØ Black Sea (islands) +GØØ Bolivia SABA Borneo Island OVØØ Bosnia and Herzegovina BHØØ Botswana WGØØ Brazil BAØØ British Indian Ocean Territories IOØØ Bulgaria BG-- Burkina (formerly Upper Volta) VUØØ Burma see Myanmar Burundi PXØØ Cambodia FNCA Cameroon QQØØ Canada EA-- Cape Verde Islands +HCV Caspian Sea -GØØ Caspian Sea (islands) +GØØ Central African Republic QHØØ Central America CA— Central America CAØØ Ceuta DAØØ Chad FTØØ Channel Islands see UK Chile KAØØ China CP-- Colombia SACA Comoros KMØØ Congo (Congo Brazzaville) YYØØ Costa Rica CACA Côte d’Ivoire PYØØ Croatia HR-- Cuba CJCA

Cyprus CYØØ Czech Republic CZ-- Dahomey see Benin Dem. Rep. of Congo (Zaire) ZIØØ Denmark DK-- Djibouti EYØØ Dominican Republic LJDA Ecuador SAEA Egypt EGØØ Eire see Ireland El Salvador CAEA England see UK English Channel -CØØ English Channel (islands) +CØØ Equatorial Guinea YQØØ Eritrea EVØØ Estonia ETØØ Ethiopia EQØØ Falkland Islands FKØØ Faroe Islands see Denmark Fernando Poo see Bioco Finland SF-- France FR-- French Guiana GFØØ French Southern Territories (Crozet Islands, Kerguélen, St. Paul, Amsterdam Island) TFØØ Gabon QYØØ Gaza Strip GSØØ Gambia, The VMØØ Georgia GE-- Germany DE-- Ghana GHØØ Gibraltar see UK Great Britain see UK Greece GR-- Greenland see Denmark Guatemala CAGA Guinea Bissau GQØØ Guinea GYØØ Guinea Islands HHØØ Guyana SAGA Haiti LJHA Honduras CAHA Hong Kong CGØØ Hrvatska see Croatia Hungary HG-- Iceland IS-- India IN-- Indian Ocean -JØØ Indian Ocean (islands) +JØØ Indonesia ONØØ Iran IPØØ Iraq IQØØ Ireland ER-- Irish Sea -CØØ Irish Sea (islands) +CØØ Israel ILØØ Italy IA-- Ivory Coast see Côte d’Ivoire Jamaica CJJA Jan Mayen +AJM Japan JHØØ Jordan JOØØ Kazakhstan KZ-- Kenya GPØØ Korea North TPØØ Korea South TXØØ Kuwait JIØØ

Kyrgyzstan KI-- Laos FNLA Latvia LVØØ Lebanon LEØØ Lesotho FGØØ Liberia PQØØ Libya LTØØ Liechtenstein AMØØ Lithuania LIØØ Luxembourg KNØØ * Luxembourg KN29 * Macedonia MKØØ Madagascar MGØØ Malawi MYØØ Malaysia FVMA Maldives MVØØ Mali EMØØ Malta MLØØ Mauritinia NMØØ Mauritius (incl. Rodrigues Island) MUØØ Mayotte YTØØ Mediterranean -FØØ Mediterranean (islands) +FØØ Melilla MJØØ Mexico TAØØ Moldova MDØØ Monaco WR8Ø Mongolia MNØØ Montenegro MEØØ Morocco MAØØ Mozambique MQØØ Myanmar FEØØ Namibia FMØØ Nepal HJØØ Netherlands NL-- New Caledonia NCØØ New Guinea WEØØ New Zealand AJ-- Nicaragua CANA Niger NEØØ Nigeria NVØØ North Atlantic Ocean -HØØ North Atlantic Ocean (islands) +HØØ North Korea TPØØ North Sea -BØØ North Sea (islands) +BØØ Northern Ireland see UK Norway NO-- Oman OMØØ Other Oceans -IØØ Other Oceans (islands) +IØØ Pakistan PNØØ Panama CAPA Paraguay SAPA Peru KJØØ Philippines OEØØ Poland PL-- Portugal PO-- Puerto Rico LJPA Reunion REØØ Rio de Oro see Western Sahara Romania RO-- Russian Federation RU-- Rwanda PPØØ San Marino ZA33 Saudi Arabia ARØØ Scotland see UK Serbia, Republic of RS-- Seychelles SCØØ


Senegal NUØØ Sierra Leone PHØØ Sikkim QJØØ Singapore FVSA Slovakia SK-- Slovenia SLØØ Socotra see Suqutra Somalia YSØØ South Africa FP-- South Korea TXØØ Spain ES-- Spanish W. Africa see Western Sahara Sri Lanka ZEØØ Sudan SSØØ Suqutra YBØØ Suriname SRØØ Svalbard +ASV Swaziland WPØØ Sweden SV-- Switzerland HE-- Syria SYØØ Taiwan CXØØ Tajikistan TD-- Tanzania HTØØ Tchad see Chad Thailand FNTA Tibet see China HAØØ Togo XHØØ Tunisia TOØØ Turkey TUØØ Turkmenistan TM-- Uganda GGØØ UK GB-- Ukraine UK-- United Arab Emirates JRØØ Upper Volta, Haute Volta see Burkina Uruguay SAUA USA NA-- Uzbekistan UZ-- Vatican City see Italy Venezuela SJØØ Vietnam FNVA Wales see UK West Bank WBØØ Western Sahara NDØØ Yemen JZØØ Yugoslavia YU-- Zaire see Democratic Republic of Congo Zambia ZMØØ Zanzibar & Pemba QCØØ Zimbabwe WSØØ * see below: “all countries, in alphabetic order”


TWO LETTER PLACE CODE in alphabetic order. Ø= the number zero; O= the alphabetic character o. -AØØ Arctic Ocean -BØØ North Sea -CØØ English Channel and Irish Sea -DØØ Bay of Biscay -EØØ Baltic Sea -FØØ Mediterranean Sea -GØØ Black and Caspian Seas -HØØ North Atlantic Ocean -IØØ Other Oceans -JØØ Indian Ocean +ABI Bear Island +AJM Jan Mayen +AØØ islands in Arctic Ocean +ASV Svalbard +BØØ islands in North Sea +CØØ islands in Engl. Ch. + Irish Sea +DØØ islands in Bay of Biscay +EØØ islands in Baltic Sea +FØØ islands in Mediterranean +GØØ islands in Bl. + Caspian Seas +HAZ Azores +HBE Bermuda +HCV Cape Verde Islands +HØØ islands in North Atlantic Ocean +IØØ islands in Other Oceans +JØØ islands in Indian Ocean AA-- Australia ABØØ Albania AEØØ Armenia AG-- Algeria AIØØ Aden AJ-- New Zealand AK-- Azerbaijan ALØØ Angola AMØØ Liechtenstein ANØØ Antarctica ARØØ Saudi Arabia AU-- Austria AZØØ Bahrain & Qatar BAØØ Brazil BG-- Bulgaria BHØØ Bosnia and Herzegovina BJØØ Argentina BL-- Belgium BY-- Belarus CA-- Central America CAØØ Central America CGØØ Hong Kong CI-- Channel Islands CJ-- Cuba/Jamaica CJCA Cuba CJJA Jamaica CP-- China CXØØ Taiwan CYØØ Cyprus CZ-- Czech Republic DAØØ Ceuta DE-- Germany DK-- Denmark EA-- Canada EGØØ Egypt EKØØ Andorra * EK23 Andorra *

EMØØ Mali EQØØ Ethiopia ER-- Ireland ES-- Spain ETØØ Estonia EVØØ Eritrea EYØØ Djibouti FA-- Faroe Islands FEØØ Myanmar FGØØ Lesotho FKØØ Falkland Islands FMØØ Namibia FN-- S.E.Asia FP-- Republic of South Africa FR-- France FTØØ Chad FV-- Malaysia/Singapore GB-- UK GD-- Greenland GE-- Georgia GFØØ French Guiana GGØØ Uganda GHØØ Ghana GNØØ Afghanistan GPØØ Kenya GQØØ Guinea Bissau GR-- Greece GSØØ Gaza Strip GYØØ Guinea HAØØ Tibet (see China) HE-- Switzerland HG-- Hungary HHØØ Guinea Islands HJØØ Nepal HR-- Croatia HTØØ Tanzania IA-- Italy ILØØ Israel IN-- India IOØØ British Indian Ocean Territories IPØØ Iran IQØØ Iraq IS-- Iceland JHØØ Japan JIØØ Kuwait JOØØ Jordan JRØØ United Arab Emirates JZØØ Yemen KAØØ Chile KI-- Kyrgyzstan KJØØ Peru KMØØ Comoros KNØØ Luxembourg * KN29 Luxembourg * KZ-- Kazakhstan LAØØ Lesser Antilles LEØØ Lebanon LIØØ Lithuania LJ-- Caribbean LTØØ Libya LVØØ Latvia MAØØ Morocco MDØØ Moldova MEØØ Montenegro MGØØ Madagascar MJØØ Melilla MKØØ Macedonia MLØØ Malta MNØØ Mongolia

MQØØ Mozambique MUØØ Mauritius (incl. Rodrigues Isl.) MVØØ Maldives MYØØ Malawi NA-- United States of America NBØØ Gibraltar NB6Ø Gibraltar NCØØ New Caledonia NDØØ Western Sahara NEØØ Niger NL-- The Netherlands NMØØ Mauritania NO-- Norway NUØØ Senegal NVØØ Nigeria OEØØ Philippines OMØØ Oman ONØØ Indonesia OVØØ Borneo Islands PHØØ Sierra Leone PIØØ Pacific Islands PL-- Poland PNØØ Pakistan PO-- Portugal PPØØ Rwanda PQØØ Liberia PXØØ Burundi PYØØ Côte d’Ivoire QAØØ Bhutan QCØØ Zanzibar & Pemba QHØØ Central African Republic QJØØ Sikkim QQØØ Cameroon QYØØ Gabon RA48 Vatican City REØØ Reunion RNØØ Bangladesh RO-- Romania RS-- Republic of Serbia RU-- Russian Federation SA-- South America SCØØ Seychelles SF-- Finland SJØØ Venezuela SK-- Slovakia SLØØ Slovenia SRØØ Suriname SSØØ Sudan SV-- Sweden SYØØ Syria TAØØ Mexico TD-- Tajikistan TFØØ French Southern Territories (Crozet Islands, Kerguélen, St. Paul, Amsterdam Island) TJØØ Bahamas TM-- Turkmenistan TOØØ Tunisia TPØØ North Korea TUØØ Turkey TXØØ South Korea UK-- Ukraine UZ-- Uzbekistan VAØØ Alaska VMØØ Gambia, The VUØØ Burkina (formerly Upper Volta) WBØØ West Bank WEØØ Papua New Guinea WGØØ Botswana


WPØØ Swaziland WR8Ø Monaco WSØØ Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) XHØØ Togo XYØØ Benin (formerly Dahomey) YBØØ Suqutra YHØØ Bioco (formerly Fernando Poo) YQØØ Equatorial Guinea YSØØ Somalia YTØØ Mayotte YU-- Yugoslavia YYØØ Congo (Congo Brazzaville) ZA33 San Marino ZEØØ Sri Lanka ZIØØ Dem. Rep. of Congo (Zaire) ZMØØ Zambia * see below: “all countries, in alphabetic order”


ALL COUNTRIES, in alphabetic order.

Ø = the number zero; O = the alphabetic character as in “Oslo”.

Exceptions: there are a few names of place-codes in Danmark and Norway with the character ø.

NOTE: When a place code has been changed, the ‘Code Manual New EURING’ (1979) is added between brackets. Example: BY25 (SU25) Minsk O. Aden AIØØ Afghanistan GNØØ Albania ABØØ ALGERIA AG-- Algeria AGAL Alger AGOR Oran AGCO Constantine AGTS Other provinces Andorra EKØØ

For reasons unknown untill now (August 2002) Andorra was also coded as EK23 (see ‘Code Manual New Euring’ (1979) page 32 (EK23) and page 54 (EKØØ). It’s not wise to delete one of those two because probably both has been used. Similar to other country-coding it’s sensible to use only EKØØ.

Angola ALØØ Antarctica ANØØ Antilles, Lesser LAØØ Argentina BJØØ Armenia AEØØ AUSTRALIA AA-- Australia AASA South Australia AANS New South Wales AATA Tasmania AANT Northern Territory AAVI Victoria AAQU Queensland AAWA Western Australia


AUSTRIA AU-- Austria (provinces) AUØ4 Salzburg AUØØ Burgenland AUØ5 Steiermark AUØ1 Kärnten AUØ6 Tirol AUØ2 Niederösterreich AUØ7 Vorarlberg AUØ3 Oberösterreich AUØ8 Wien AZERBAIJAN AK-- (SU92) Azerbaijan AKØ1 (SU92) Nagornyy Karabakh (Daliq Qarabag) Azores see Portugal Bahamas TJØØ Bahrain & Qatar AZØØ Bangladesh RNØØ BELARUS BY-- (SU2-) Belarus BY22 (SU22) Gomel O. BY26 (SU26) Mogilev O. BY2Ø (SU2Ø) Brest O. BY28 (SU28) Vitebsk O. BY23 (SU23) Grodno O. BY25 (SU25) Minsk O. BELGIUM BL-- Belgium (provinces) BL24 Liège BL2Ø Antwerpen BL25 Luxembourg BL21 Brabant BL26 Namur BL22 Hainaut BL27 Oost-Vlaanderen BL23 Limburg BL28 West-Vlaanderen Belize CABA Benin XYØØ (formerly Dahomey XQØØ) Bhutan QAØØ Bioco YHØØ Bolivia SABA Borneo Island OVØØ Bosnia and Herzegovina BHØØ Botswana WGØØ Brazil BAØØ


British Indian Ocean Territories IOØØ BULGARIA From 1959-1987 and since 1998 the subdivision is: BG-- Bulgaria BGØ1 Blagoevgrad BG18 Ruse BGØ2 Burgas BG27 Shumen BGØ8 Dobrich BG19 Silistra BGØ7 Gabrovo BG2Ø Sliven BG26 Haskovo BG21 Smolyan BGØ9 Kurdzhali BG23 Sofia City BG1Ø Kyustendil BG22 Sofia Province BG11 Lovech BG24 Stara Zagora BG12 Montana BG25 Turgovishte BG13 Pazardzhik BGØ3 Varna BG14 Pernik BGØ4 Veliko Turnovo BG15 Pleven BGØ5 Vidin BG16 Plovdiv BGØ6 Vratsa BG17 Razgrad BG28 Yambol Source: Sofia Scheme and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-2:BG In the EuringCode 1979 this subdivisions are mentioned: BG-- Bulgaria (provinces) BG7Ø Blagoevgrad BG76 Sofiya Burgas BG8Ø Stalin (Varna) BG81 BG71 Khaskovo BG77 Stara Zagora BG72 Kolarovgrad (Shumen) BG78 Turnovo BG73 Pleven BG79 Vratsa BG74 Plovdiv BG8Ø Burgas } Black Sea provinces BG75 Ruse BG81 Stalin } Black Sea provinces Burkina (formerly Upper Volta, Haute Volta) VUØØ Burma see Myanmar Burundi PXØØ Cambodia FNCA Cameroon QQØØ CANADA EA-- Canada EANW North West Territories EAAL Alberta EANS Nova Scotia EABC British Columbia EAON Ontario EALA Labrador EAPE Prince Edward Island EAMA Manitoba EAQU Quebec

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-2:BG


EANB New Brunswick EASA Saskatchewan EANF Newfoundland Canary Islands see Spain Central African Republic QHØØ CENTRAL AMERICA There is more than one point of view about which countries geographically and politically belong to ‘Central America’. But this collective is present in the EuringCode 1979, so the countries mentioned within this collective should be mentioned: CAØØ Central America (coding used before, but this coding is not the right one) CA-- Central America (preferable coding according to EuringCode 2000) CABA Belize CACA Costa Rica CAEA El Salvador CAGA Guatemala CAHA Honduras CANA Nicaragua CAPA Panama Ceuta DAØØ Chad FTØØ Channal Isles see UK Chile KAØØ CHINA CHINESE STATES: the names of the Chinese states, autonomous regions (marked A.R. on the list) and municipalities are given in two forms below. The old form is that which will be found on maps (e.g. Times Atlas) but the new form is the one recently agreed as the standard transliteration from the Chinese names. CP-- China Old Form New Form CPAN Anhwei Anhui CPCH Chekiang Zhejiang CPTS Chinghai (or Tsinghai) Qinghai CPFU Fukien Fujian CPHK Heilungkiang Heilongjiang CPHO Honan Henan


CPHP Hopei (or Hopeh) Hebei CPHU Hunan Hunan CPHI Hupei (or Hupeh) Hubei CPIM Inner Mongolia (AR) Nei Mongol (AR) CPKA Kansu Gansu CPKI Kiangsi Jiangxi CPKU Kiangsu Jiangsu CPKR Kirin Jilin CPKS Kwangsi (Chuang AR) Guangxi (Zhuang AR) CPKG Kwangtung Guangdong CPKW Kweichow Guizhou CPLI Liaoning Liaoning CPNH Ninghsia (Hui AR) Ningxia (Hui AR) CPPK Peking (Municipality) Beijing CPSH Shanghai (Municipality) Shanghai CPSA Shansi Shanxi CPSG Shantung Shandong CPSI Shensi Shaanxi CPSK Sinkiang (Uighur AR) Xinjiang Uygur (AR) CPSZ Szechuan Sichuan CPTT Tientsin (Municipality) Tianjin CPYU Yunnan Yunnan

HAØØ Tibet Tibet Colombia SACA Comoros KMØØ Congo (formerly Congo Brazzaville) YYØØ Costa Rica CACA Côte d’Ivoire PYØØ CROATIA Previously part of the former Yugoslavia. The new place codes cannot be compared with the old place codes of Yugoslavia. HR-- Croatia HRØ1 Central Croatia HRØ2 Eastern Croatia HRØ3 Mountain Croatia HRØ4 Northern Croatian Coast HRØ5 Southern Croatian Coast According to a map taken from the book: Crkvencic, I. et al (1974): Geografija SR Hrvatske, Book 1, Skolska, Zagreb.


Still to do: fuller reference

Cuba CJCA Cyprus CYØØ CZECH REPUBLIC Due to recent changes (on January 1, 2003) in regional systems the Czech Scheme uses the following coding system: CZ-- Czech Republic CZ10 Jihočeský CZ11 Královéhradecký CZ12 Vysočina CZ13 Karlovarský CZ14 Liberecký CZ15 Pardubický CZ16 Plzeňský CZ17 Středočeský a Praha CZ18 Ústecký CZ22 Jihomoravský CZ23 Zlínský CZ26 Olomoucký CZ27 Moravskoslezský In 2ØØ1 and 2ØØ2 the Czech Republic uses this system of place coding: (For older place code: see below) Sorted on Code Sorted on District CZ-- Czech Republic CZ-- Czech Republic CZAA Praha CZBN Benesova CZBE Beroun CZBE Beroun CZBK Blansko CZBK Blansko CZBM Brno-mesto CZBV Breclav CZBN Benesova CZBM Brno-mesto CZBO Brno-venko CZBO Brno-venko CZBR Bruntal CZBR Bruntal CZBV Breclav CZCL Ceska Lipa CZCB Ceske Budejovice CZCB Ceske Budejovice CZCH Cheb CZCK Cesky Krumlov CZCK CeskyKrumlov CZCH Cheb CZCL CeskaLipa CZCV Chomutov CZCR Chrudim CZCR Chrudim CZCV Chomutov CZDC Decin CZDC Decin CZDO Domazlice CZDO Domazlice CZFM Frydek Mistek CZFM Frydek Mistek CZHB Havlickuv Brod CZHB Havlickuv Brod CZHO Hodonin CZHK Hradec Kralove CZHK Hradec Kralove CZHO Hodonin CZJN Jablonec nad Nisou CZJC Jicin CZJE Jesenik CZJE Jesenik CZJC Jicin CZJH Jindrichhuv Hradec CZJI Jihlava CZJI Jihlava CZJH Jindrichhuv Hradec


CZJN Jablonec nad Nisou CZKV Karlovy Vary CZKA Karvina CZKA Karvina CZKH Kutna Hora CZKL Kladno CZKL Kladno CZKT Klatovy CZKM Kromeriz CZKO Kolin CZKO Kolin CZKM Kromeriz CZKT Klatovy CZKH Kutna Hora CZKV Karlovy Vary CZLI Liberec CZLI Liberec CZLT Litomerice CZLN Louny CZLN Louny CZLT Litomerice CZME Melnik CZMB Mlada Boleslav CZMB Mlada Boleslav CZME Melnik CZMO Most CZMO Most CZNA Nachod CZNA Nachod CZNJ Novy Jicin CZNB Nymburk CZNB Nymburk CZNJ Novy Jicin CZOL Olomouc CZOL Olomouc CZOP Opava CZOP Opava CZOS Ostrava CZOS Ostrava CZPA Pardubice CZPA Pardubice CZPE Pelhromov CZPB Pribram CZPI Pisek CZPE Pelhromov CZPJ Plzen-jih CZPH Praha-vychod CZPM Plzen-mesto CZPI Pisek CZPS Plzen-sever CZPJ Plzen-jih CZPT Prachatice CZPM Plzen-mesto CZAA Praha CZPR Prerov CZPH Praha-vychod CZPS Plzen-sever CZPZ Praha-zapad CZPT Prachatice CZPR Prerov CZPV Prostejov CZPB Pribram CZPZ Praha-zapad CZPV Prostejov CZRA Rakovnik CZRA Rakovnik CZRK Rychnov nad Kneznou CZRO Rokycany CZRO Rokycany CZRK Rychnov nad Kneznou CZSM Semily CZSM Semily CZSO Sokolov CZSO Sokolov CZST Strakonice CZST Strakonice CZSU Sumperk CZSU Sumperk CZSY Svitavy CZSY Svitavy CZTA Tabor CZTA Tabor CZTC Tachov CZTC Tachov CZTP Teplice CZTP Teplice CZTR Trebic CZTR Trebic CZTU Trutnov CZTU Trutnov CZUH Uherske Hradiste CZUH Uherske Hradiste CZUL Usti nad Labem CZUL Usti nad Labem CZUO Usti nad Orlici CZUO Usti nad Orlici CZVS Vsetin CZVS Vsetin CZVY Vyskov CZVY Vyskov CZZL Zlin CZZR Zdar nad Sazavou CZZN Znojmo CZZL Zlin CZZR Zdar nad Sazavou CZZN Znojmo

Still to do: map reference Before 2ØØ1 this system was valid: CZ-- (CS--) Czech Republic (regions) CZ1- (CS1-) Bohemia CZ2- (CS2-) Moravia CZ1Ø (CS1Ø) Ceské Budejovice CZ22 (CS22) Brno (Brünn) CZ11 (CS11) Hradec Kralove CZ23 (CS23) Gottwaldov CZ12 (CS12) Jihlava CZ26 (CS26) Olomouc CZ13 (CS13) Karlovy Vary CZ27 (CS27) Ostrava CZ14 (CS14) Liberec CZ15 (CS15) Pardubice CZ16 (CS16) Plzen (Pilsen) CZ17 (CS17) Praha


CZ18 (CS18) Usti nad Labem

Dahomey (XQØØ) see Benin Democratic Republic of Congo ZIØØ DENMARK Bounderies from the map: Danmark. Amter – kommuner – sogne. Kort-Og Matrikelstyrelsen. 1992. DK-- Denmark Untill January 01, 2007 Old (=‘Code Manual New EURING’ (1979)) DK15 København DKØ6 DK2Ø Frederiksborg DKØ6 DK25 Roskilde DKØ6 DK3Ø Vestsjælland DKØ6 DK35 Storstrøm DKØ4 and DKØ6 SE of 55.20N-11.30E DK4Ø Bornholms DK1Ø DK42 Fyn DKØ1 DK5Ø Sønderjyllands DKØ2 and DKØ7 S of 55.15N DK55 Ribe DKØ2 and DKØ7 N of 55.15N DK6Ø Vejle DKØ2 DK65 Ringkøbing DKØ2 DK7Ø Århus DKØ2 and DKØØ DK76 Viborg DKØ2 DK8Ø Nordjyllands DKØ2 and DKØ3 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counties_of_Denmark Since January 01, 2007: DKHS HovedStaden DKMJ MidtJylland DKNJ NordJylland DKSD SydDanmark DKSL SjælLand http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regions_of_Denmark FA-- Faroe Islands FAØ1 Nordoyar FAØ2 Eysturoya FAØ3 Streymoy FAØ4 Vága FAØ5 Sandoy FAØ6 Suduroy Nordari FAØ7 Suduroy Sunnari http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regions_of_the_Faroe_Islands

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counties_of_Denmark

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regions_of_Denmark

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regions_of_the_Faroe_Islands


GD-- Greenland GDØ1 Qasigiannquit GDØ3 Aasiaat GDØ5 Paamiut GDØ7 Qeqertarsuaq GDØ9 Nuuk GD11 Sisimiut GD13 Ivittuut GD15 Ilulissat GD17 Qaqortoq GD19 Kangaatsiaq GD21 Nanortalik GD23 Narsaq GD25 Maniitsoq GD27 Uummannaq GD29 Upernavik GD41 Avanersuq GD51 Tasiilaq GD53 Illoqqortoormiut GD61 Kommunegarfiit avataanni http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_towns_in_Greenland Djibouti EYØØ Dominican Republic LJDA Ecuador SAEA Egypt EGØØ Eire see Ireland El Salvador CAEA England see UK Equatorial Guinea YQØØ Eritrea EVØØ Estonia ETØØ Ethiopia EQØØ Falkland Islands FKØØ Faroe Islands see Denmark Fernando Poo see Bioco FINLAND SF-- Finland (provinces) SF84 Mikkeli (St. Michel) Ahvenanmaa (Åland) SF9Ø SF85 Oulu (Uleåborg) SF8Ø Häme (Travastehus) SF86 Turku-Pori (Åbo-Bjorneborg) SF81 Kuopio SF87 Uusimaa (Nyland) SF82 Kymi (Kymmen) SF88 Vaasa (Vasa) SF83 Lappi (Lappland) SF9Ø Ahvenanmaa (Åland)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_towns_in_Greenland


FRANCE Official French code for administrative divisions in brackets. FR-- France FRØ- France, north-west FR1- France, north east FRØ1 Calvados (14) FR1Ø Aisne (Ø2) FRØ2 Eure (27) FR11 Ardennes (Ø8) FRØ3 Manche (5Ø) FR12 Bas-Rhin (67) FRØ4 Mayenne (53) FR13 Haute-Marne (52) FRØ5 Nord (59) FR14 Haut-Rhin (68) & Territoire de Belfort (9Ø) FRØ6 Orne (61) FR15 Marne (51) FRØ7 Pas-de-Calais (62) FR16 Meurthe-et-Moselle (54) FRØ8 Seine-Maritime (76) FR17 Meuse (55) FRØ9 Somme (8Ø) FR18 Moselle (57) FR19 Vosges (88) FR2- France, central north FR2Ø Aube (1Ø) FR21 Côte-d'Or (21) FR22 Eure-et-Loir (28) FR23 Loir-et-Cher (41) FR24 Loiret (45) FR25 Oise (6Ø) FR26 Sarthe (72) FR27 Seine-et-Marne (77) FR28 In the ‘Code Manual New EURING’ (1979) ‘Seine-et-Oise’ & ‘Seine’. Now divided into Essonne

(91), Val-d’oise (95), Yvelines (78) (ex Seine-et-Oise, ex Seine-Inférieure) and Hauts-de-Seine (92), Paris (75), Seine-Saint-Denis (93) (ex Seine)

FR29 Yonne (89) FR3- France, Atlantic coast FR3Ø Pyrénées-Atlantiques (64) (ex Basses-Pyrénées) FR31 Charente-Maritime (17) (ex Charente-Inférieure) FR32 Côtes-d’Armor (22) (ex Côtes-du-Nord) FR33 Finistère (29) FR34 Gironde (33) FR35 Ille-et-Vilaine (35) FR36 Landes (4Ø) FR37 Loire-Atlantique (44) (ex Loire-Inférieure, ex Loire-Maritime) FR38 Morbihan (56) FR39 Vendée (85) FR4- France, central west FR5- France, central east FR4Ø Charente (16) FR5Ø Allier (Ø3)


FR41 Corrèze (19) FR51 Ardèche (Ø7) FR42 Creuse (23) FR52 Cantal (15) FR43 Deux-Sèvres (79) FR53 Cher (18) FR44 Dordogne (24) FR54 Haute-Loire (43) FR45 Haute-Vienne (87) FR55 Loire (42) FR46 Indre (36) FR56 Nièvre (58) FR47 Indre-et-Loire (37) FR57 Puy-de-Dôme (63) FR48 Maine-et-Loire (49) FR58 Rhône (69) FR49 Vienne (86) FR59 Saône-et-Loire (71) FR6- France, east FR7- France, central south FR6Ø Ain (Ø1) FR7Ø Ariège (Ø9) FR61 Alpes-de-Haute-Provence (Ø4) FR71 Aveyron (12) (ex Basses-Alpes) FR72 Gers (32) FR62 Doubs (25) FR73 Haute-Garonne (31) FR63 Drôme (26) FR74 Hautes-Pyrénées (65) FR64 Hautes-Alpes (Ø5) FR75 Lot (46) FR65 Haute-Saône (7Ø) FR76 Lot-et-Garonne (47) FR66 Haute-Savoie (74) FR77 Lozère (48) FR67 Isère (38) FR78 Tarn (81) FR68 Jura (39) FR79 Tarn-et-Garonne (82) FR69 Savoie (73) FR8- France, Mediterranean FR8Ø Alpes-Maritimes (Ø6) FR81 Aude (11) FR82 Bouches-du-Rhône (13) FR9Ø Corse (2Ø - now 2A and 2B -) FR83 Gard (3Ø) FR84 Hérault (34) FR85 Pyrénées-Orientales (66) FR86 Var (83) FR87 Vaucluse (84) ALPHABETICAL list of departments of France. Official numeric French code for departments in first brackets, old or new administrative divisions in brackets Ain (Ø1) FR6Ø Aisne (Ø2) FR1Ø Allier (Ø3) FR5Ø Alpes, Basses- (Ø4) (now Alpes-de-Haute-Provence) FR61 Alpes, Hautes- (Ø5) FR64 Alpes-de-Haute-Provence (Ø4) (ex Basses-Alpes) FR61 Alpes-Maritimes (Ø6) FR8Ø Ardèche (Ø7) FR51 Ardennes (Ø8) FR11 Ariège (Ø9) FR7Ø Aube (1Ø) FR2Ø Aude (11) FR81


Aveyron (12) FR71 Bas-Rhin (67) FR12 Basses-Alpes (Ø4) (now Alpes-de-Haute-Provence) FR61 Basses-Pyrénées (64) (now Pyrénées-Atlantiques) FR3Ø Belfort, Territoire de (9Ø) FR14 Bouches-du-Rhône (13) FR82 Calvados (14) FRØ1 Cantal (15) FR52 Charente (16) FR4Ø Charente-Inférieure (17) (now Charente-Maritime) FR31 Charente-Maritime (17) (ex Charente-Inférieure) FR31 Cher (18) FR53 Corrèze (19) FR41 Corse (Corsica) (2Ø - now 2A and 2B -) FR9Ø Côte-d'Or (21) FR21 Côtes-d’Armor (22) (ex Côtes-du-Nord) FR32 Côtes-du-Nord (22) (now Côtes-d’Armor) FR32 Creuse (23) FR42 Deux-Sèvres (79) FR43 Dordogne (24) FR44 Doubs (25) FR62 Drôme (26) FR63 Essonne (91) (ex part of Seine-Inférieure, ex Seine-et-Oise) FR28 Eure (27) FRØ2 Eure-et-Loir (28) FR22 Finistère (29) FR33 Gard (3Ø) FR83 Garonne, Haute- (31) FR73 Gers (32) FR72 Gironde (33) FR34 Haute-Garonne (31) FR73 Haute-Loire (43) FR54 Haute-Marne (52) FR13 Hautes-Alpes (Ø5) FR64 Haute-Saône (7Ø) FR65 Haute-Savoie (74) FR66 Hautes-Pyrénées (65) FR74 Haute-Vienne (87) FR45 Haut-Rhin (68) FR14 Hauts-de-Seine (92) (ex part of Seine) FR28 Hérault (34) FR84 Ille-et-Vilaine (35) FR35 Indre (36) FR46 Indre-et-Loire (37) FR47 Isère (38) FR67 Jura (39) FR68 Landes (4Ø) FR36 Loire (42) FR55 Loire, Haute- (43) FR54 Loire-Atlantique (44) (ex Loire-Inférieure, Loire-Maritime) FR37 Loire-Inférieure (44) (now Loire-Atlantique) FR37 Loire-Maritime (44) (now Loire-Atlantique) FR37 Loiret (45) FR24 Loir-et-Cher (41) FR23 Lot (46) FR75


Lot-et-Garonne (47) FR76 Lozère (48) FR77 Maine-et-Loire (49) FR48 Manche (5Ø) FRØ3 Marne (51) FR15 Marne, Haute- (52) FR13 Mayenne (53) FRØ4 Meurthe-et-Moselle (54) FR16 Meuse (55) FR17 Morbihan (56) FR38 Moselle (57) FR18 Nièvre (58) FR56 Nord (59) FRØ5 Oise (6Ø) FR25 Orne (61) FRØ6 Paris (75) (ex part of Seine) FR28 Pas-de-Calais (62) FRØ7 Puy-de-Dôme (63) FR57 Pyrénées, Basses- (64) (now Pyrénées-Atlantiques) FR3Ø Pyrénées, Hautes- (65) FR74 Pyrénées-Atlantiques (64) (ex Basses-Pyrénées) FR3Ø Pyrénées-Orientales (66) FR85 Rhin, Bas- (67) FR12 Rhin, Haut- (68) FR14 Rhône (69) FR58 Saône, Haute- (7Ø) FR65 Saône-et-Loire (71) FR59 Sarthe (72) FR26 Savoie (73) FR69 Savoie, Haute- (74) FR66 Seine (75) (now divided in Paris, Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis) FR28 Seine, Hauts-de (92) (ex part of Seine) FR28 Seine-et-Marne (77) FR27 Seine-et-Oise (78) (ex Seine-Inférieure) (now divided in Yvelines, Essonne, Val d’Oise) FR28 Seine-Inférieure (78) (ex Seine-et-Oise) (now divided in Yvelines, Essonne, Val-d’Oise) FRØ8 Seine-Maritime (76) FRØ8 Seine-Saint-Denis (93) (ex part of Seine) FR28 Sèvres, Deux- (79) FR43 Somme (8Ø) FRØ9 Tarn (81) FR78 Tarn-et-Garonne (82) FR79 Territoire de Belfort (9Ø) FR14 Val-d’Oise (95) (ex part of Seine-Inférieure, ex Seine-et-Oise) FR28 Val-de-Marne (94) (ex part of Seine-et-Marne) FR27 Var (83) FR86 Vaucluse (84) FR87 Vendée (85) FR39 Vienne (86) FR49 Vienne, Haute- (87) FR45 Vosges (88) FR19 Yonne (89) FR29 Yvelines (78) (ex part of Seine-Inférieure, ex Seine-et-Oise) FR28. NUMERICAL list of departments of France.


Old or new divisions in brackets. Ø1 Ain FR6Ø Ø2 Aisne FR1Ø Ø3 Allier FR5Ø Ø4 Alpes, Basses- (now Alpes-de-Haute-Provence) FR61 Ø4 Alpes-de-Haute-Provence (ex Basses-Alpes) FR61 Ø4 Basses-Alpes (now Alpes-de-Haute-Provence) FR61 Ø5 Hautes-Alpes FR64 Ø5 Hautes-Alpes FR64 Ø6 Alpes-Maritimes FR8Ø Ø7 Ardèche FR51 Ø8 Ardennes FR11 Ø9 Ariège FR7Ø 1Ø Aube FR2Ø 11 Aude FR81 12 Aveyron FR71 13 Bouches-du-Rhône FR82 14 Calvados FRØ1 15 Cantal FR52 16 Charente FR4Ø 17 Charente-Inférieure (now Charente-Maritime) FR31 17 Charente-Maritime (ex Charente-Inférieure) FR31 18 Cher FR53 19 Corrèze FR41 2Ø Corse (Corsica) (now 2A and 2B -) FR9Ø 21 Côte-d'Or FR21 22 Côtes-d’Armor (ex Côtes-du-Nord) FR32 22 Côtes-du-Nord (now Côtes-d’Armor) FR32 23 Creuse FR42 24 Dordogne FR44 25 Doubs FR62 26 Drôme FR63 27 Eure FRØ2 28 Eure-et-Loir FR22 29 Finistère FR33 3Ø Gard FR83 31 Garonne, Haute- FR73 31 Haute-Garonne FR73 32 Gers FR72 33 Gironde FR34 34 Hérault FR84 35 Ille-et-Vilaine FR35 36 Indre FR46 37 Indre-et-Loire FR47 38 Isère FR67 39 Jura FR68 4Ø Landes FR36 41 Loir-et-Cher FR23 42 Loire FR55 43 Haute-Loire FR54 43 Loire,Haute- FR54 44 Loire-Atlantique (ex Loire-Inférieure, Loire-Maritime) FR37 44 Loire-Inférieure (now Loire-Atlantique) FR37 44 Loire-Maritime (now Loire-Atlantique) FR37


45 Loiret FR24 46 Lot FR75 47 Lot-et-Garonne FR76 48 Lozère FR77 49 Maine-et-Loire FR48 5Ø Manche FRØ3 51 Marne FR15 52 Haute-Marne FR13 52 Marne, Haute- FR13 53 Mayenne FRØ4 54 Meurthe-et-Moselle FR16 55 Meuse FR17 56 Morbihan FR38 57 Moselle FR18 58 Nièvre FR56 59 Nord FRØ5 6Ø Oise FR25 61 Orne FRØ6 62 Pas-de-Calais FRØ7 63 Puy-de-Dôme FR57 64 Basses-Pyrénées (now Pyrénées-Atlantiques) FR3Ø 64 Pyrénées, Basses- (now Pyrénées-Atlantiques) FR3Ø 64 Pyrénées-Atlantiques (ex Basses-Pyrénées) FR3Ø 65 Hautes-Pyrénées FR74 65 Pyrénées, Hautes- FR74 66 Pyrénées-Orientales FR85 67 Bas-Rhin FR12 67 Rhin, Bas- FR12 68 Haut-Rhin FR14 68 Rhin, Haut- FR14 69 Rhône FR58 7Ø Haute-Saône FR65 7Ø Saône, Haute- FR65 71 Saône-et-Loire FR59 72 Sarthe FR26 73 Savoie FR69 74 Haute-Savoie FR66 74 Savoie, Haute- FR66 75 Paris (ex part of Seine) FR28 75 Seine (now divided in Paris, Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis) FR28 76 Seine-Maritime FRØ8 77 Seine-et-Marne FR27 78 Seine-et-Oise (ex Seine-Inférieure) (now divided in Yvelines, Essonne, Val d’Oise) FR28 78 Seine-Inférieure (ex Seine-et-Oise) (now divided in Yvelines, Essonne, Val-d’Oise) FRØ8 78 Yvelines (ex part of Seine-Inférieure, ex Seine-et-Oise) FR28. 79 Deux-Sèvres FR43 79 Sèvres, Deux- FR43 8Ø Somme FRØ9 81 Tarn FR78 82 Tarn-et-Garonne FR79 83 Var FR86 84 Vaucluse FR87 85 Vendée FR39 86 Vienne FR49 87 Haute-Vienne FR45


87 Vienne, Haute- FR45 88 Vosges FR19 89 Yonne FR29 9Ø Belfort, Territoire de FR14 9Ø Territoire de Belfort FR14 91 Essonne (ex part of Seine-Inférieure, ex Seine-et-Oise) FR28 92 Hauts-de-Seine (ex part of Seine) FR28 92 Seine, Hauts-de (ex part of Seine) FR28 93 Seine-Saint-Denis (ex part of Seine) FR28 94 Val-de-Marne (ex part of Seine-et-Marne) FR27 95 Val-d’Oise (ex part of Seine-Inférieure, ex Seine-t-, ise) FR28 French Guiana GFØØ French Southern Territories (Crozet Islands, Kerguélen, St. Paul, Amsterdam Island) TFØØ Gabon QYØØ Gambia, The VMØØ Gaza Strip GSØØ GEORGIA GE-- (SU95) Georgia GEØ1 (SU95) Adzharia (Ajaria) GEØ2 (SU95) Yuzhnaya Osetia (South Ossetia) GEØ3 (SU95) Abkhaziya (Abkhazia) GERMANY DE-- (DF--) Germany DEA- (DFA-) Bavaria * DEAM (DFAM) Mittelfranken DEAN (DFAN) Niederbayern DEAB (DFAB) Oberbayern DEAF (DFAF) Oberfranken DEAP (DFAP) Oberpfalz DEAS (DFAS) Schwaben DEAU (DFAU) Unterfranken DEB- (DFB-) Baden-Württemberg DEBF (DFBF) Südbaden (Freiburg) DEBK (DFBK) Nordbaden (Karlsruhe) DEBS (DFBS) Nordwürttemberg (Stuttgart) DEBT (DFBT) Südwürttemberg (Tübingen) DEC- (DFC-) Rheinland-Pfalz DECK (DFCK) Koblenz DECR (DFCR) Rheinhessen-Pfalz


DECT (DFCT) Trier (incl. Montabaur) DEDO (DFDS) Saarland DEE- (DFE-) Hessen * DEED (DFED) Darmstadt (incl. Wiesbaden) DEEG (DFEG) Gießen DEEK (DFEK) Kassel DEF- (DFF-) Nordrhein-Westfalen * DEFA (DFFA) Arnsberg DEFD (DFFD) Düsseldorf DEFK (DFFK) Köln (incl. Aachen) DEFL (DFFL) Detmold (Lippe) DEFM (DFFM) Münster DEG- (DFG-) Niedersachsen * DEGB (DFGB) Braunschweig DEGH (DFGH) Hannover DEGL (DFGL) Lüneburg exept islands (incl. Stade) DEGW (DFGW) Weser-Ems exept islands (Aurich, Oldenburg & Osnabrück) DEGF (DFGF) Ostfriesische Inseln (Eastfrisian Islands) including Mellum DEGN (DFGN) Islands Neuwerk and Scharhörn DEXB (DFXB) Bremen DEHH (DFHH) Hamburg DEQ- (DFQ-) Schleswig-Holstein * DEQS (DFQS) Schleswig-Holstein exept islands in the North Sea DEQH (DFQH) Helgoland DEQN (DFQN) Nordfriesische Inseln (Northfrisian Islands) DEQT (DFQT) Island Trischen DEBE (DF63) Berlin DEMV Mecklenburg - Vorpommern * DEBB Brandenburg * DERA Sachsen Anhalt * DERH Halle DERM Magdeburg DERS Dessau DESN Sachsen * DESC Chemnitz DESD Dresden


DESL Leipzig DETH Thüringen * The boundaries of the "Bezirke" are not given in the Times Atlas. To find these the following map is recommended; Verwaltungskarte von Deutschland 1:1.ØØØ.ØØØ. Edited by Reise- und Verkehrsverlag Stuttgart, 1994 or later. Ghana GHØØ Gibraltar see UK Great Britain see UK GREECE N.B. The Times Atlas show the new administrative divisions (‘periphereies’ or ‘regions’), instead of the traditional provinces (‘diamerismata’). The latter, wich are retained here from the ‘Code Manual New EURING’ (1979), are still meaningfull, well understood and widely used for any purpose other than stricly administrative use. Please see notes below. GR-- Greece (provinces) GR84 Peloponnisos2 GR8Ø Aegean Islands1 GR85 Ipeiros GR81 Ionian Islands GR86 Sterea Ellas3 GR82 Kriti (Crete) GR87 Thessalia GR83 Makedonia4 GR88 Thraki5

1 Except those belonging to other provinces. 2 The whole of the island of the Peloponnese, i.e. including the southern half of the new division of ‘Dytiki Ellas’ (Ileia and Achaia). Including islands west of 24° ØØ' E.L. 3 The whole of the new division of ‘Sterea Ellas’ plus the northern (mainland) half of the new division of ‘Dytili Ellas’ (Aitolia and Akarmania). Excluding islands west of 24° ØØ' E.L. 4Corresponds to the new divisions of ‘Dytiki Makedonia’, ‘Kentriki Makedonia’ and ‘Anatoliki Makedonia kai Thraki’, west of the River Nestos. 5The part of the new division of ‘Anatoliki Makedonia kai Thraki’ east of the River Nestos. Greenland see Denmark Guatemala CAGA Guinea GYØØ Guinea Bissau GQØØ Guinea Islands HHØØ Guyana SAGA Haiti LJHA Honduras CAHA Hong Kong CGØØ Hrvatska see Croatia


HUNGARY HG-- Hungary (counties) HG3- Hungary West HG4- Hungary East HG3Ø Baranya HG4Ø Bács-Kiskun HG31 Fejér HG41 Békés HG32 Györ-Mosin-Sopron HG42 Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén HG33 Komárom-Esztergom HG43 Csongrád HG34 Somogy HG44 Hajdu-Bihar HG35 Tolna HG45 Heves HG36 Vas HG46 Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok HG37 Veszprém HG47 Nógrád HG38 Zala HG48 Pest HG49 Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg ICELAND IS-- Iceland Full name: Shortened version: ISØ1 Reykjavík Reyk ISØ2 Kjósarsýsla Kjós ISØ3 Borgarfjarðarsýsla Borg ISØ4 Mýrasýsla Mýr ISØ5 Hnappadalssýsla Hnapp ISØ6 Snæfellsnessýsla Snæf ISØ7 Dalasýsla Dal ISØ8 Austur-Barðastrandasýsla A-Barð ISØ9 Vestur-Barðastrandasýsla V-Barð IS1Ø Vestur-Ísafjarðarsýsla V-Ísf IS11 Norður-Ísafjarðarsýsla N-Ísf IS12 Strandasýsla Strand IS13 Vestur-Húnavatnssýsla V-Hún IS14 Austur-Húnavatnssýsla A-Hún IS15 Skagafjarðarsýsla Skag IS16 Eyjafjarðarsýsla Eyf IS17 Suður-Þingeyjarsýsla S-Þing IS18 Norður-Þingeyjarsýsla N-Þing IS19 Norður-Múlasýsla N-Múl IS2Ø Suður-Múlasýsla S-Múl IS21 Austur-Skaftafellssýsla A-Skaft IS22 Vestur-Skaftafellssýsla V-Skaft IS23 Rangárvallasýsla Rang IS24 Árnessýsla Árn IS25 Gullbringusýsla Gull IS26 Vestmannaeyjar Vestm IS27 Miðhálendi Miðh



INDIA IN-- India INAP Andhra Pradesh INMR Manipur INAS Assam INMY Karnataka (Mysore, incl. Goa) INBI Bihar INOR Orissa INBO Maharashtra (Mumbai, Bombay) INPO Pondicherry INDE Delhi INPU Punjab INHP Himachal Pradesh INRA Rajasthan INJK Jammu and Kashmir INTR Tripura INKE Kerala INUP Uttar Pradesh INMP Madhya Pradesh INWB West Bengal INMS Tamil Nadu (Madras) Indonesia ONØØ Iran IPØØ Iraq IQØØ IRELAND, Republic of ER-- Ireland (EIRE) ERCW Carlow ERLG Longford ERCV Cavan ERLU Louth ERCL Clare ERMA Mayo ERCK Cork ERME Meath ERDO Donegal ERMO Monaghan ERDU Dublin EROF Offaly ERGA Galway ERRO Roscommon ERKE Kerry ERSL Sligo ERKD Kildare ERTP Tipperary ERKK Kilkenny ERWA Waterford ERLM Leitrim ERWM Westmeath ERLX Leix (Laois) ERWX Wexford ERLK Limerick ERWI Wicklow Israel ILØØ ITALY IA-- Italy (mainland in provinces, or groups of provinces, islands not subdivided) IAØ- Alpine area IA1- Po area IAØØ Belluno IA1Ø Alessandria & Asti IAØ1 Bergamo IA11 Bologna


IAØ2 Bolzano IA12 Cremona & Mantova IAØ3 Brescia IA13 Milano IAØ4 Como & Sondrio & Varese IA14 Modena IAØ5 Cuneo IA15 Parma & Reggio n.Emilia IAØ6 Novara & Vercelli IA16 Pavia IAØ7 Torino IA17 Piacenza IAØ8 Trento IA18 Verona IAØ9 Valle d'Aosta IA19 Vicenza IA2- North Tyrrhenian IA3- North Adriatic IA2Ø Arezzo IA3Ø Ancona & Pesaro e Urbino IA21 Firenze IA31 Ascoli Piceno & Macerata IA22 Genova & Massa, Carrara & La Spezia IA32 Ferrara & Rovigo IA23 Grosseto IA33 Forli IA24 Imperia & Savona IA34 Gorizia & Udine IA25 Livorno & Pisa IA35 Padova IA26 Lucca & Pistoia IA36 Perugia IA27 Siena IA37 Ravenna IA28 Terni IA38 Treviso IA29 Viterbo IA39 Venezia IA76 Trieste IA4- South Tyrrhenian IA5- South Adriatic IA4Ø Avellino IA5Ø L’Aquila d.Abruzzi IA41 Benevento IA51 Bari IA42 Caserta & Napoli IA52 Brindisi & Lecce IA43 Catanzaro IA53 Campobasso IA44 Cosenza IA54 Chieti IA45 Frosinone & Latina IA55 Foggia IA46 Potenza IA56 Matera IA47 Reggio di Calabria IA57 Pescara & Teramo IA48 Roma IA58 Rieti IA49 Salerno IA59 Taranto (Ionio) IA6- Italian Islands IA61 Elba IA62 Sardegna (Sardinia) IA63 Sicilia (incl. islands to the west and north) IA64 not used IA65 Pantelleria IA66 Isole Pelagie RA48 VATICAN CITY


Alphabetical list of the provinces of Italy: Alessandria IA1Ø Ancona IA3Ø Aquila d.Abruzzi IA5Ø Arezzo IA2Ø Ascoli Piceno IA31 Asti IA1Ø Avellino IA4Ø Bari IA51 Belluno IAØØ Benevento IA41 Bergamo IAØ1 Bologna IA11 Bolzano IAØ2 Brescia IAØ3 Brindisi IA52 Campobasso IA53 Cantazaro IA43 Caserta IA42 Chieti IA54 Como IAØ4 Cosenza IA44 Cremona IA12 Cuneo IAØ5 Elba IA61 Ferrara IA32 Firenze IA21 Foggia IA55 Forli IA33 Frosinone IA45 Genova IA22 Gorizia IA34 Grosseto IA23 Imperia IA24 Ionio IA59 Isole Pelagie IA66 Latina IA45 Lecce IA52 Livorno IA25 Lucca IA26 Macerata IA31 Mantova IA12 Massa Carrara IA22 Matera IA56 Milano IA13 Modena IA14 Napoli IA42 Novara IAØ6 Padova IA35 Pantellaria IA65 Parma IA15 Pavia IA16 Perugia IA36 Pesaro e Urbino IA3Ø

Pescara IA57 Piacenza IA17 Pisa IA25 Pistoia IA26 Potenza IA46 Ravenna IA37 Reggio d.Calabria IA47 Reggio n.Emilia IA15 Rieti IA58 Roma IA48 Rovigo IA32 Salerna IA49 Sardegna IA62 Sardinia IA62 Savona IA24 Sicilia IA63 Siena IA27 Sondrio IAØ4 Taranto IA59 Teramo IA57 Terni IA28 Torino IAØ7 Trento IAØ8 Treviso IA38 Trieste IA76 Udine IA34 Valle d.Aosta IAØ9 Varese IAØ4 Vatican City RA48 Venezia IA39 Vercelli IAØ6 Verona IA18 Vicenza IA19 Viterbo IA29


Ivory Coast see Côte d’Ivoire Jamaica CJJA Jan Mayen see Islands–Oceans-at Sea Japan JHØØ Jordan JOØØ KAZAKHSTAN KZ-- (SIØ-) Kazakhstan KZ15 (SI15) Akmolinsk O. (Astana city); Tselinograd on old maps KZØØ (SIØØ) Aktyubinsk O. KZØ1 (SIØ1) Alma-Ata O. KZØ3 (SIØ3) Chimkent O. KZØ4 (SIØ4) Dzhambul O. (Taroz city) KZØ6 (SIØ6) Gur'yev O. (incl. Mangyshlak O.) (Atyrau city) KZØ7 (SIØ7) Karaganda O. (incl. Dzhezkazgan O.) KZ1Ø (SI1Ø) Kzyl-Orda O. KZ11 (SI11) Pavlodar O. KZ12 (SI12) Severo-Kazakhstan O. (Kokchetav city) KZ13 (SI13) Semipalatinsk O. KZ14 (SI14) Taldy-Kurgan O. KZØ9 (SIØ9) Turgaisk O. (Arkalyk city) (incl. Kustanay O.) KZ16 (SI16) Ural'sk O. (Uralsk city, West Kazakhstan region) KZ17 (SI17) Vostochno-Kazakhstan O. (Ust-Kamenogorsk city) Kenya GPØØ Korea North TPØØ Korea South TXØØ Kuwait JIØØ KYRGYZSTAN KI-- (SI53) Kyrgyzstan KIØ1 (SI53) Issyk-Kul'O. (Przhevalsk) KIØ2 (SI53) Naryn O. KIØ3 (SI53) Talas O. Laos FNLA Latvia LVØØ Lebanon LEØØ Lesotho FGØØ Liberia PQØØ Libya LTØØ Liechtenstein AMØØ


Lithuania LIØØ Luxembourg KNØØ

For reasons unknown untill now (Januari 2ØØ4) Luxembourg was also coded as KN29 (see ‘Code Manual New Euring’ (1979) page 38 (KN29) and page 54 (KNØØ). It’s not wise to delete one of those two because probably both has been used. Similar to other country-coding it’s sensible to use only KNØØ.

Macedonia MKØØ Madagascar MGØØ Madeira see Portugal Malawi MYØØ Malaysia FVMA Maldives MVØØ Mali EMØØ Malta MLØØ Mauritania NMØØ Mauritius (incl. Rodrigues Island) MUØØ Mayotte YTØØ Melilla MJØØ Mexico TAØØ Moldova MDØØ Monaco WR8Ø Mongolia MNØØ Montenegro MEØØ Morocco MAØØ Mozambique MQØØ Myanmar FEØØ Namibia FMØØ Nepal HJØØ NETHERLANDS, The NL-- The Netherlands (provinces, separate units; all Frisian Isles, IJsselmeer-polders) characterised by a Ø, 1, 2, or 3 in final column : Frisian Isles Remaining part NLØØ Texel NLØ4 Drenthe NLØ1 Vlieland NLØ5 Friesland NLØ2 Griend NLØ6 Gelderland NLØ3 Terschelling NLØ7 Groningen NL11 Ameland NLØ8 Limburg NL12 Schiermonnikoog NLØ9 Noord-Brabant NL13 Rottumeroog NL14 Noord-Holland NL15 Overijssel NL16 Utrecht NL17 IJsselmeerpolders (+ Urk & Schokl.) NL18 Zeeland


NL19 Zuid-Holland New Caledonia NCØØ New Guinea WEØØ NEW ZEALAND AJ-- New Zealand AJNI North Island AJSI South Island Nicaragua CANA Niger NEØØ Nigeria NVØØ North Korea TPØØ Northern Ireland see UK NORWAY NO-- Norway (provinces) NO2Ø Akershus (Oslo included) NO21 Aust-Agder, (NB. Bergen (city): NO25) NO22 Buskerud NO23 Finnmark NO24 Hedmark NO25 Hordaland (Bergen included) NO26 Møre og Romsdal NO27 Nordland NO28 Nord-Trøndelag NO29 Opland, (NB. Oslo (city): NO2Ø) NO3Ø Østfold NO31 Rogaland NO32 Sogn og Fjordane NO33 Sør-Trøndelag NO34 Telemark NO35 Troms NO36 Vest-Agder NO37 Vestfold Oman OMØØ Pakistan PNØØ Panama CAPA Paraguay SAPA


Peru KJØØ Philippines OEØØ POLAND Three different divisions have been used in the Polish Ringing Scheme, depending on time. For the two older ones see below. Divisions valid from Ø1-Jan-1999 onwards: PL-- Poland PLBE Lubelskie PLPC Podkarpackie PLBU Lubuskie PLPS Podlaskie PLDO Dolnoslaskie PLPM Pomorskie PLKP Kujawsko-Pomorskie PLSL Slaskie PLLO Lódzkie PLSW Swietokrzyskie PLMP Malopolskie PLWM Warminsko-Mazurskie PLMZ Mazowieckie PLWI Wielkopolskie PLOE Opolskie PLZP Zachodnio-Pomorskie The boundaries of the divions shown above are given in the map: Polska mapa administracyjna, skala 1:75Ø.ØØØ, 1999. Valid from ca. 1970 till Ø1-Jan-1999: PLBP Biala Podlaska PLOP Opole PLBT Bialystok PLOA Ostroleka PLBB Bielsko-Biala PLPA Pila PLBY Bydgoszcz PLPT Piotrków Trybunalski PLCH Chelm PLPK Plock PLHA Ciechanów PLPN Poznam PLCZ Czestochowa PLPR Przemysl PLEL Elblag PLRM Radom PLGD Gdansk PLRZ Rzeszów PLGW Gorzów Wielkopolski PLDL Siedlce PLJG Jelenia Góra PLDZ Sieradz PLIS Kalisz PLRN Skierniewice PLIC Katowice PLUP Slupsk PLLC Kielce PLSU Suwalki PLON Konin PLSZ Szczecin PLAL Koszalin PLTG Tarnobrzeg PLKW Kraków PLTV Tarnów PLRO Krosno PLTO Torun PLLA Legnica PLWH Walbrzych PLLS Leszno PLWZ Warszawa PLOM Lomza PLWK Wloclawek PLHH Lodz PLWW Wroclaw PLLU Lublin PLZA Zamosc PLNS Nowy Sacz PLZG Zielona Góra PLOL Olsztyn N.B. The boundaries of these divisions are not given in the Times Atlas but conform to Stan administracyjny 1 V1 1975 r. For the benefit of schemes without access to maps showing the revised regional boundaries in Poland the original Euring place codes for Polish regions are repeated below. The boundaries of these regions are shown in the Times Atlas. Where possible coding to the two letter regions designated above is preferred to the numerical regions given below: PL8- Poland Northwest PL9- Poland Southeast PL8Ø Bydgoszsz (Bromberg) PL9Ø Bialystok PL81 Gdansk (Danzig) PL91 Kielce


PL82 Koszalin (Köslin) PL92 Krakow PL83 Olsztyn (Allenstein) PL93 Lodz PL84 Poznan (Posen) PL94 Lublin PL85 Szczecin (Stettin) PL95 Opole (Oppeln) PL86 Zielona Gora (Grünberg) PL96 Rzeszow PL97 Stalinograd (Katowice) PL98 Warszawa (Warschau) PL99 Wroclaw (Breslau)

PORTUGAL PO-- Portugal (provinces) POØ1 Aveiro PO1Ø Leiria POØ2 Beja PO11 Lisboa POØ3 Braga PO12 Portalegre POØ4 Bragança PO13 Porto POØ5 Castelo Branco PO14 Santarém POØ6 Coimbra PO15 Setúbal POØ7 Évora PO16 Viana do Castelo POØ8 Faro PO17 Vila Real POØ9 Guarda PO18 Viseu Azores: Madeira: PO19 Ilha da Terceira PO22 Ilha da Madeira PO2Ø Ilha do Faial PO29 Ilha de Porto Santo PO21 Ilha de São Miguel PO23 Ilha de Santa Maria PO24 Ilha Graciosa PO25 Ilha de São Jorge PO26 Ilha do Pico PO27 Ilha das Flores PO28 Ilha do Corvo Puerto Rico LJPA Reunion REØØ Rio de Oro see Western Sahara ROMANIA RO-- Romania (regions) RO5- Romania Northwest RO6- Romania Southwest RO5Ø Arad RO6Ø Bârlad RO51 Bazău RO61 Bucuresti (Bucharest) RO52 Baia Mare RO62 Constanta RO53 Cluj (Kolozsvár) RO63 Craiova RO54 Hunedoara RO64 Galati (Galatz) RO55 Magyar Autonomous Region RO65 Iasi (Jassy) RO56 Oradea (Nagyvarad) RO66 Piteşti


RO57 Braşov (Oraşul Stalin) RO67 Ploeşti RO58 Suceava RO59 Timişoara Rwanda PPØØ RUSSIAN FEDERATION O.: Oblast, A.O.: Avtonomnaya Oblast (Autonomous District) new old RU-- (SU--) USSR European part RU-- (SI--) USSR Asiatic part RUNW North-West European Russia RUØ1 (SU14) Murmansk O. RUØ2 (SU12) Karelia RUØ3 (SUØ3) Leningrad O. (incl. Sankt-Petersburg) RUØ3 (SUØ3) Sankt-Petersburg (form. Leningrad, centre of Leningrad O.) RUØ4 (SUØ1) Kaliningrad O. RUØ5 (SUØ6) Pskov O. RUØ6 (SUØ5) Novgorod O. RUNR North of European Russia RUØ7 (SU1Ø) Arkhangelsk O. (exl. Islands) RUØ8 (SU15) Nenets A.O. (incl. Kolguev and Vaygach Islands) RUØ9 (SU13) Komi RU1Ø (SU11) Franz Josef Land RU11 (SU16) Novaya Zemlya RUCE Centre of European Russia RU12 (SU17) Vologda O. RU13 (SU39) Yaroslavl' O. RU14 (SU32) Kalinin O. (changed to Tver’ O.) RU14 (SU32) Tver' O. (form. Kalinin O.) RU15 (SU33) Kostroma O. RU16 (SU31) Ivanovo O. RU17 (SU35) Moscow O. RU18 (SU38) Vladimir O. RU19 (SU27) Smolensk O. RU2Ø (SU24) Kaluga O. RU21 (SU37) Tula O. RU22 (SU36) Ryazan' O. RUVV Volgo-Vyatka Region RU23 (SU42) Kirov O. RU24 (SU46) Perm' O.


RU25 (SU48) Udmurtia RUMV Middle Volga RU26 (SU3Ø) Nizhniy Novgorod O. (form. Gorkiy O.) RU26 (SU3Ø) Gorkiy O. (changed to Nizhniy Novgorod O.) RU27 (SU44) Mariy El RU28 (SU41) Chuvashia RU29 (SU34) Mordovia O. RU3Ø (SU47) Tataria RU31 (SU49) Ul'yanovsk O. RU32 (SU84) Penza O. RU33 (SU43) Samara O. (form. Kuybyshev O.) RU33 (SU43) Kuybyshev O. (changed to Samara O.) RU34 (SU86) Saratov O. RUCB Central Blacksoil Region RU35 (SU21) Bryansk O. RU36 (SU83) Orel O. RU37 (SU81) Kursk O. RU38 (SU82) Lipetsk O. RU39 (SU87) Tambov O. RU4Ø (SU89) Voronezh O. RU41 (SU8Ø) Belgorod O. RUVD Volgo-Don Region RU44 (SU91) Astrakhan' O. RU42 (SU88) Stalingrad O. (changed to Volgograd O.) RU42 (SU88) Volgograd O. (form Stalingrad O.) RU43 (SU85) Rostov O. RU45 (SU96) Kalmykia RUNC North Caucasus RU46 (SU97) Krasnodar (incl. Adygey) RU47 (SU98) Stavropol' O. RU48 (SU93) Karachayevo-Cherkessia RU49 (SU93) Kabardino-Balkaria RU5Ø (SU93) Severnaya Osetia RU51 (SU93) Ingushetia (form. part of Checheno-Ingushetia ASSR) RU52 (SU93) Chechnya (form. part of Checheno-Ingushetia ASSR) RU53 (SU94) Dagestan RUSU Southern Ural RU54 (SI26) Ekaterinburg (form. Sverdlovsk, centre of Sverdlovsk O.) RU54 (SI26) Sverdlovsk O. (incl. Ekaterinburg) RU55 (SI23) Kurgan O. RU56 (SI2Ø) Chelyabinsk O. RU57 (SU4Ø) Bashkiria RU58 (SU45) Orenburg O. RUWS Western Siberia RU6Ø (SI29) Yamal-Nenets A.O. (part of Tyumen' O.) RU61 (SI22) Khanty-Mansi A.O. (part of Tyumen' O.)


RU62 (SI28) Tyumen' O. (excl. Yamalo-Nenets A.O. and Khanty-Mansi A.O.) RU63 (SI25) Omsk O. RU64 (SI27) Tomsk O. RUSS South-Western Siberia RU65 (SI24) Novosibirsk O. RU66 (SI21) Kemerovo O. RU67 (SIØ5, SIØ2) Altay (incl. Gorno-Altaysk) RUCS Central Siberia RU68 (SI35) Severnaya Zemlya Islands (part of Taymyr A.O.) RU69 (SI36) Taymyr A.O. (part of Krasnoyarsk, excl. Severnaya Zemlya,) RU7Ø (SI3Ø) Evenkiy A.O. (part of Krasnoyarsk) RU71 (SI33) Krasnoyarsk (excl. Severnaya Zemlya Isls., Taymyr A.O., Evenkiy A.O., Khakassia RU72 (SI32) Khakassia (part of Krasnoyarsk) RU73 (SI37) Tuva RUBS Baikal Region RU74 (SI31) Irkutsk O. RU75 (SI41) Buryatia RU76 (SI42) Chita O. RUYS Yakutia RU77 (SI34) Novosibirskiye Isls. (part of Yakutia-Sakha) RU78 (SI38, SI39) Yakutia-Sakha RUNE North-East RU79 (SI43) Wrangel Island (part of Chukotka) RU8Ø (SI43) Chukotka (excl. Wrangel Isl.) RU81 (SI47) Magadan O. RU82 (SI44) Kamchatka O. (incl. Komandorskiye Isls.) RUFE Far East RU83 (SI4Ø) Amur O. (Blagoveshchensk ?) RU84 (SI45) Khabarovsk RU85 (SI49) Primorskiy RU86 (SI48) Sakhalin O. (excl. Kuril Isls.) RU87 (SI46) Kuril Islands (part of Sakhalin O.) Alphabetic list of subdivisions of the Russian Federation: Altay (incl. Gorno-Altaysk) RU67 Amur O. RU83 Arkhangelsk O. (exl. Islands) RUØ7 Astrakhan' O. RU44 Bashkiria RU57 Belgorod O. RU41 Bryansk O. RU35 Buryatia RU75 Chechnya (form. part of Checheno-Ingushetia ASSR) RU52 Chelyabinsk O. RU56 Chita O. RU76


Chukotka (excl. Wrangel Isl.) RU8Ø Chuvashia RU28 Dagestan RU53 Ekaterinburg (form. Sverdlovsk, centre of Sverdlovsk O.) RU54 Evenkiy A.O. (part of Krasnoyarsk) RU7Ø Franz Josef Land RU1Ø Gorkiy O. (changed to Nizhniy Novgorod O.) RU26 Ingushetia (form. part of Checheno-Ingushetia ASSR) RU51 Irkutsk O. RU74 Ivanovo O. RU16 Kabardino-Balkaria RU49 Kalinin O. (changed to Tver’ O.) RU14 Kaliningrad O. RUØ4 Kalmykia RU45 Kaluga O. RU2Ø Kamchatka O. (incl. Komandorskiye Isls.) RU82 Karachayevo-Cherkessia RU48 Karelia RUØ2 Kemerovo O. RU66 Khabarovsk RU84 Khakassia (part of Krasnoyarsk) RU72 Khanty-Mansi A.O. (part of Tyumen' O.) RU61 Kirov O. RU23 Komi RUØ9 Kostroma O. RU15 Krasnodar (incl. Adygey) RU46 Krasnoyarsk (excl. Severnaya Zemlya Isls., Taymyr A.O., Evenkiy A.O., Khakassia) RU71 Kurgan O. RU55 Kuril Islands (part of Sakhalin O.) RU87 Kursk O. RU37 Kuybyshev O. (changed to Samara O.) RU33 Leningrad O. (incl. Sankt-Petersburg) RUØ3 Lipetsk O. RU38 Magadan O. RU81 Mariy El RU27 Mordovia O. RU29 Moscow O. RU17 Murmansk O. RUØ1 Nenets A.O. (incl. Kolguev and Vaygach Islands) RUØ8 Nizhniy Novgorod O. (form. Gorkiy O.) RU26 Novaya Zemlya RU11 Novgorod O. RUØ6 Novosibirsk O. RU65 Novosibirskiye Isls. (part of Yakutia-Sakha) RU77 Omsk O. RU63 Orel O. RU36 Orenburg O. RU58 Penza O. RU32 Perm' O. RU24 Primorskiy RU85 Pskov O. RUØ5 Rostov O. RU43 Ryazan' O. RU22 Sakhalin O. (excl. Kuril Isls.) RU86 Samara O. (form. Kuybyshev O.) RU33 Sankt-Petersburg (form. Leningrad, centre of Leningrad O.) RUØ3 Saratov O. RU34 Severnaya Osetia RU5Ø Severnaya Zemlya Islands (part of Taymyr A.O.) RU68 Smolensk O. RU19 Stalingrad O. (changed to Volgograd O.) RU42


Stavropol' O. RU47 Sverdlovsk O. (incl. Ekaterinburg) RU54 Tambov O. RU39 Tataria RU3Ø Taymyr A.O. (part of Krasnoyarsk, excl. Severnaya Zemlya) RU69 Tomsk O. RU64 Tula O. RU21 Tuva RU73 Tver' O. (form. Kalinin O.) RU14 Tyumen' O. (excl. Yamalo-Nenets A.O. and Khanty-Mansi A.O.) RU62 Udmurtia RU25 Ul'yanovsk O. RU31 Vladimir O. RU18 Volgograd O. (form Stalingrad O.) RU42 Vologda O. RU12 Voronezh O. RU4Ø Wrangel Island (part of Chukotka) RU79 Yakutia-Sakha RU78 Yamal-Nenets A.O. (part of Tyumen' O.) RU6Ø Yaroslavl' O. RU13. San Marino ZA33 Saudi Arabia ARØØ Scotland see UK Serbia, Republic of RS-- Republic of Serbia RS74 (formerly YU74) Kosovo RS77 (formerly YU77) Serbia RS78 (formerly YU78) Vojvodina Seychelles SCØØ Senegal NUØØ Sierra Leone PHØØ Sikkim QJØØ Singapore FVSA SLOVAKIA SK-- Slovakia Region “Banskobystricky” SKBB Banska Bystrica SKBS Banska Štiavnica SKBR Brezno SKDT Detva SKKA Krupina SKLC Lucenec


SKPT Poltar SKRA Revuca SKRS Rimavska Sobota SKVK Velky Krtis SKZV Zvolen SKZC Zarnovica SKZH Ziar nad Hronom

Region “Bratislavsky” SKBA Bratislava I, II, III, IV, V SKMA Malacky SKPK Pezinok SKSC Senec

Region “Kosicky” SKKE Kosice I, II, III, IV SKKS Kosice,okolie SKGL Gelnica SKMI Michalovce SKRV Roznava SKSO Sobrance SKSN Spisska Nova Ves SKTV Trebisov

Region “Nitriansky” SKNR Nitra SKKN Komarna SKLV Levice SKNZ Nove Zamky SKSA Sala SKTO Topolcany SKZM Zlate Moravce

Region “Presovsky” SKPO Presov SKBJ Bardejov SKHE Humenne SKKK Kezmarok SKLE Levoca SKML Medzilaborce SKPP Poprad SKSB Sabinov SKSV Snina SKSL Stara Lubovna SKSP Stropkov SKSK Svidnik SKVT Vranov nad Toplou

Region “Trenciansky” SKTN Trencin SKBN Banovce nad Bebravou SKIL Ilava SKMY Myjava SKNM Nove Mesto nad Vahom


SKPE Partizanske SKPB Povazska Bystrica SKPD Prievidza SKPU Puchov

Region “Trnavsky” SKTT Trnava SKDS Dunajska Streda SKGA Galanta SKHC Hlohovec SKPI Piestany SKSE Senica SKSI Skalica

Region “Zilinsky” SKZA Zilina SKBY Bytca SKCA Cadca SKDK Dolny Kubin SKKM Kysucke Nove Mesto SKLM Liptovsky Mikulas SKMT Martin SKNO Namestovo SKRK Ruzomberok SKTR Turcianske Teplice SKTS Tvrdosin Alphabetic list of subdivisions of Slovakia: Banovce nad Bebravou SKBN Banska Bystrica SKBB Banska Štiavnica SKBS Bardejov SKBJ Bratislava I, II, III, IV, V SKBA Brezno SKBR Bytca SKBY Cadca SKCA Detva SKDT Dolny Kubin SKDK Dunajska Streda SKDS Galanta SKGA Gelnica SKGL Hlohovec SKHC Humenne SKHE Ilava SKIL Kezmarok SKKK Komarna SKKN Kosice I, II, III, IV SKKE Kosice,okolie SKKS Krupina SKKA Kysucke Nove Mesto SKKM Levice SKLV Levoca SKLE Liptovsky Mikulas SKLM Lucenec SKLC Malacky SKMA


Martin SKMT Medzilaborce SKML Michalovce SKMI Myjava SKMY Namestovo SKNO Nitra SKNR Nove Mesto nad Vahom SKNM Nove Zamky SKNZ Partizanske SKPE Pezinok SKPK Piestany SKPI Poltar SKPT Poprad SKPP Povazska Bystrica SKPB Presov SKPO Prievidza SKPD Puchov SKPU Revuca SKRA Rimavska Sobota SKRS Roznava SKRV Ruzomberok SKRK Sabinov SKSB Sala SKSA Senec SKSC Senica SKSE Skalica SKSI Snina SKSV Sobrance SKSO Spisska Nova Ves SKSN Stara Lubovna SKSL Stropkov SKSP Svidnik SKSK Topolcany SKTO Trebisov SKTV Trencin SKTN Trnava SKTT Turcianske Teplice SKTR Tvrdosin SKTS Velky Krtis SKVK Vranov nad Toplou SKVT Zarnovica SKZC Ziar nad Hronom SKZH Zilina SKZA Zlate Moravce SKZM Zvolen SKZV Valid from the separation of Czechoslovakia till Jan Ø1, 2ØØ2 (?): SK-- (CS2-) Slovakia SK2Ø (CS2Ø) Banska Bystrica (Banskobystricky Kraj) SK25 (CS25) Nitra (Nitriansky Kraj) SK21 (CS21) Bratislava (Bratislavsky Kraj) SK28 (CS28) Prešov (Prešovsky Kraj) SK24 (CS24) Košicky Kraj SK29 (CS29) Zilina (Zilinsky Kraj)

Slovenia SLØØ Socotra see Suquţrā Somalia YSØØ


SOUTH AFRICA States of Republic of South Africa FP-- South Africa FPCG Western Cape (Cape Province) FPOF Free State (Orange Free State) FPNA Kwazulu-Natal FPTV Northern Mpumalanga (Transvaal) South Korea TXØØ SPAIN ES-- Spain (provinces) ESØ- Atlantic coast ES1- Centra, north-west ESØØ Álava ES1Ø Avila ESØ1 La Coruña ES11 Burgos ESØ2 Guipúzcoa ES12 León ESØ3 Lugo ES13 La Rioja (Logroño) ESØ4 Orense ES14 Palencia ESØ5 Asturias (Oviedo) ES15 Salamanca ESØ6 Pontevedra ES16 Segovia ESØ7 Santander ES17 Soria ESØ8 Vizcaya ES18 Valladolid ES19 Zamora ES2- Central, north-east ES3- North-east coast ES2Ø Cuenca ES3Ø Barcelona ES21 Guadalajara ES31 Castellón ES22 Huesca ES32 Girona ES23 Lérida ES33 Tarragona ES24 Navarra ES25 Teruel ES26 Zaragoza ES4- South-east coast ES5- Central, south ES4Ø Albacete ES5Ø Badajoz ES41 Alicante ES51 Cáceres ES42 Almeria ES52 Ciudad Real ES43 Murcia ES53 Madrid ES44 Valencia ES54 Toledo ES6- South ES7- Baleares ES6Ø Cádiz ES7Ø Eivissa (Ibiza, incl. Formentera) ES61 Córdoba ES71 Mallorca (incl. Cabrera) ES62 Granada ES72 Menorca ES63 Huelva


ES64 Jaén ES65 Málaga ES66 Sevilla ES8- Islas Canarias (former +HCN) ES8Ø Isla de Tenerife ES81 Isla de La Palma ES82 Isla de La Gomera ES83 Isla el Hierro ES84 Isla de Gran Canaria ES85 Isla de Fuerteventura ES86 Isla de Lanzarote


Alphabetical list of provinces of Spain: Álava ESØØ Albacete ES4Ø Alicante ES41 Almeria ES42 Asturias ESØ5 Avila ES1Ø Badajoz ES5Ø Balearic Islands ES7- Barcelona ES3Ø Bilbao ESØ8 Biscaya ESØ8 Burgos ES11 Cabrera see Mallorca Cáceres ES51 Cádiz ES6Ø Castellón ES31 Ciudad Real ES52 Córdoba ES61 Coruña ESØ1 Cuenca ES2Ø Eivissa ES7Ø Formentera see Eivissa Girona ES32 Granada ES62 Guadalajara ES21 Guipúzcoa ESØ2 Huelva ES63 Huesca ES22 Ibiza see Eivissa Islas Canarias ES8- Isla de Fuerteventura ES85 Isla de La Gomera ES82 Isla de Gran Canaria ES84 Isla el Hierro ES83 Isla de Lanzarote ES86 Isla de La Palma ES81 Isla de Tenerife ES8Ø Jaén ES64 León ES12 Lleida ES23 Logroño ES13 Lugo ESØ3 Madrid ES53 Málaga ES65 Mallorca ES71 Menorca ES72 Murcia ES43 Navarra ES24 Ourense ESØ4 Oviedo ESØ5 Palencia ES14 Pamplona ES24 Pontevedra ESØ6

Salamanca ES15 San Sebastian ESØ2 Santander ESØ7 Saragossa ES26 Segovia ES16 Sevilla ES66 Soria ES17 Tarragona ES33 Teruel ES25 Toledo ES54 Valencia ES44 Valladolid ES18 Vizcaya ESØ8 Zamora ES19 Zaragoza ES26


Spanish West Africa Rio de Oro see Western Sahara Sri Lanka ZEØØ Sudan SSØØ Suquţrā YBØØ Suriname SRØØ Swaziland WPØØ SWEDEN SV-- Sweden (provinces; the names of the former divisions are still in use, and these are given in brackets: the code numbers behind refer to the present division in the area of which the old province was situated) SV4Ø Alvsborg SV51 Malmöhus (Angermannland) SV6Ø, SV61 (Medelpad) SV61 SV41 Blekinge (Närke) SV53 Bohus SV43 SV52 Norrbotten (Dalarna) SV42, SV48 Öland SV71 (Dalsland) SV4Ø SV53 Örebro (Gastrikland) SV42 SV54 Östergötland SV42 Gävleborg (Skåne) SV49, SV51 SV43 Göteborg och Bohus SV55 Skaraborg Gotland SV7Ø (Småland) SV46, SV47, SV5Ø SV44 Halland SV56 Södermanland (Hälsingland) SV42, SV45 (Södermanland) SV56, SV57, SV62 (Härjedalen) SV45 SV57 Stockholm (city included) SV45 Jämtland (Uppland) SV57, SV58, SV62 (Jämtland) SV45, SV61 SV58 Uppsala SV46 Jönköping SV59 Värmland SV47 Kalmar (Värmland) SV59, SV53 SV48 Kopparberg SV6Ø Västerbotten SV49 Kristianstad (Västergotland) SV4Ø, SV43, SV55 SV5Ø Kronoberg SV61 Västernorrland (Lapland) SV52, SV6Ø SV62 Västmanland (Västmanland) SV62, SV53 SV63 Skåne (including SV49 and SV51) SV64 Västra Götaland (including SV4Ø, SV43 and SV55) SV7Ø Gotland SV71 Öland Note that, if more convenient for the user, the codes SV51, SV49 and SV4Ø, SV43, SV55 still be used though these provinces are now included in resp. SV63 and SV64.


SWITZERLAND HE-- Switzerland HEAG Aargau HEAI Appenzell Innerrhoden } Appenzell HEAR Appenzell Ausserrhoden } HEBE Bern/Berne HEBL Basselland } Basel HEBS Baselstadt } HEFR Fribourg/Freiburg HEGE Genève HEGL Glarus HEGR Graubünden HEJU Jura HELU Luzern HENE Neuchâtel HENW Nidwalden } Unterwalden HEOW Obwalden } HESG St. Gallen HESH Schaffhausen HESO Solothurn HESZ Schwyz HETG Thurgau HETI Ticino HEUR Uri HEVD Vaud HEVS Valais HEZG Zug HEZH Zürich Old Swiss numeric code: HE90 AG+LU HE91 AL+AR+SG+TG HE92 BL+BS+SO HE93 BE HE94 FR+GE+NE+VD HE95 GL+SZ+NW+OW+UR+ZG HE96 GR HE97 SH+ZH HE98 TI HE99 VS

Syria SYØØ Taiwan CXØØ TAJIKISTAN TD-- (SI55) Tajikistan


TDØ1 (SI55) Gorno-Badakhshan (aut.distr.) TDØ3 (SI55) Dushanbe Oblast TDØ2 (SI55) Khatlon Oblast TDØ4 (SI55) Sogdi Oblast (former Leninabad) Tanzania HTØØ Tchad see Chad Thailand FNTA Tibet (see China) HAØØ Togo XHØØ Tunisia TOØØ Turkey TUØØ TURKMENISTAN TM-- (SI5-) Turkmenistan TMØ1 (????) Balkan Velayat TMØ3 (????) Akhal Velayat TMØ2 (????) Dashogus Velayat TMØ4 (????) Lebap Velayat TMØ5 (????) May Velayat Uganda GGØØ UK The United Kingdom of Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) and Northern Ireland. GENERAL COUNTRY CODES England GBE- N.Ireland GBU- Scotland GBS- Wales GBW- GB-- Great Britain Two letter code for counties in England, Scotland, Wales & Northern Ireland (latter all start with U = Ulster). Initial two letters GB. N.B. These are old county and regional boundaries, not those shown in the Times Atlas, these counties will be updated shortly (except for Northern Ireland). GBAN Anglesey GBKE Kent GBAV Avon GBLA Lancashire GBBD Bedfordshire GBLE Leicester & Rutland GBBK Berkshire GBLI Lincolnshire GBBR Border Region GBLO London (Greater) GBBC Buckingham GBLR Lothian Region GBCA Cambridge & Huntingdon GBMA Manchester (Greater) GBCR Central Region GBME Merseyside GBCH Cheshire GBNK Norfolk GBCV Cleveland GBNH Northamptonshire GBCW Clwyd GBNL Northumberland


GBCO Cornwall GBNY North Yorkshire GBCU Cumbria GBNT Nottinghamshire GBDB Derby GBOR Orkney GBDV Devon GBOX Oxford GBDO Dorset GBPO Powys GBDR Dumfries & Galloway Region GBSA Salop GBDU Durham GBSI Scilly Isles GBDY Dyfed GBSH Shetland GBES Essex GBSY South Yorks GBFI Fair Isle GBST Staffordshire GBFR Fife Region GBSC Strathclyde Region GBGM Glamorgan (W.,Mid-&S.) GBSO Somerset GBGL Gloucester GBSK Suffolk GBGR Grampian Region GBSR Surrey GBGT Gwent GBSX Sussex (West & East) GBGD Gwynedd GBTR Tayside Region GBHA Hampshire (excl. L.o.W.) GBTY Tyne & Wear GBHF Hereford & Worcs. GBWK Warwickshire GBHT Hertfordshire GBWI Western Isles GBHR Highland Region GBWM West Midlands GBHU Humberside GBWY West Yorks GBIM Isle of Man GBWT Wiltshire GBIW Isle of Wight NORTHERN IRELAND CIØØ CHANNEL ISLANDS GBUN Antrim CIAL Alderney GBUR Armagh CIGU Guernsey GBUD Down CIHE Herm GBUF Fermanagh CIJE Jersey GBUL Londonderry CISA Sark GBUT Tyrone GIBRALTAR NBØØ NB: For reasons unknown untill now (August 2002) (because Cádiz = ES6Ø ?) Gibraltar was also coded as NB6Ø, see ‘Code Manual New Euring’ 1979 pages 32 (NB6Ø) and 55 (NBØØ).


Alphabetical list of departments of the UK: Alderney CIAL Anglesey GBAN Antrim GBUN Armagh GBUR Avon GBAV Bedfordshire GBBD Berkshire GBBK Border Region GBBR Buckingham GBBC Cambridge & Huntingdon GBCA Central Region GBCR Cheshire GBCH Cleveland GBCV Clwyd GBCW Cornwall GBCO Cumbria GBCU Derby GBDB Devon GBDV Dorset GBDO Down GBUD Dumfries & Galloway Region GBDR Durham GBDU Dyfed GBDY Essex GBES Fair Isle GBFI Fermanagh GBUF Fife GBFR Gibraltar NBØØ see Note above Gibraltar NB6Ø see Note above Glamorgan (W., Mid- & S.) GBGM Gloucester GBGL Grampian Region GBGR Guernsey CIGU Gwent GBGT Gwynedd GBGD Hampshire (excl. L.o.W.) GBHA Hereford & Worcs. GBHF Herm CIHE Hertfordshire GBHT Highland Region GBHR Humberside GBHU Isle of Man GBIM Isle of Wight GBIW Jersey CIJE Kent GBKE Lancashire GBLA Leicester & Rutland GBLE Lincolnshire GBLI London (Greater) GBLO Londonderry GBUL Lothian Region GBLR Manchester (Greater) GBMA Merseyside GBME

Norfolk GBNK North Yorkshire GBNY Northamptonshire GBNH Northumberland GBNL Nottinghamshire GBNT Orkney GBOR Oxford GBOX Powys GBPO Salop GBSA Sark CISA Scilly Isles GBSI Shetland GBSH Somerset GBSO South Yorks GBSY Staffordshire GBST Strathclyde Region GBSC Suffolk GBSK Surrey GBSR Sussex (West & East) GBSX Tayside Region GBTR Tyne & Wear GBTY Tyrone GBUT Warwickshire GBWK West Midlands GBWM West Yorks GBWY Western Isles GBWI Wiltshire GBWT


UKRAINE UK-- (SU5-) Ukraine UK58 (SU58) Kirovograd O. UK67 (SU67) Poltava O. UK59 (SU59) Kyiv O. UK66 (SU66) Odesa O. UK57 (SU57) Khmel'nitskiy O. UK71 (SU71) Ternopil' O. UK63 (SU63) Lviv O. UK53 (SU53) Dnipropetrovsk O. UK61 (SU61) Lugansk O. (Voroshilovgrad O.) UK52 (SU52) Chernivtsy O. UK6Ø (SU6Ø) Krym UK54 (SU54) Donetsk O. UK56 (SU56) Kherson O. UK55 (SU55) Kharkiv O. UK72 (SU72) Zakarpatska O. (Uzhgorod) UK69 (SU69) Ivano-Frankivsk O. UK68 (SU68) Rivne O. UK62 (SU62) Volynska O. (Lutsk) UK74 (SU74) Zaporizhzhya O. UK73 (SU73) Vinnitsa O. UK7Ø (SU7Ø) Sumy O. UK51 (SU51) Chernigiv O. UK75 (SU75) Zhitomir O. UK5Ø (SU5Ø) Cherkassy O. UK65 (SU65) Mikolayiv O. United Arab Emirates JRØØ Upper Volta, Haute Volta see Burkina Uruguay SAUA USA NA-- United States of America (excl. Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico) NAAL Alabama NAMO Montana NAAZ Arizona NANA Nebraska NAAK Arkansas NANV Nevada NACA California NANH New Hampshire NACL Colorado NANJ New Jersey NACN Connecticut NANY New York NADE Delaware NANC North Carolina NADC District of Columbia NAND North Dakota NAFL Florida NAOH Ohio NAGE Georgia NAOK Oklahoma NAID Idaho NAOR Oregon NAIL Illinois NAPE Pennsylvania NAIN Indiana NARI Rhode Island NAIO Iowa NASC South Carolina NAKA Kansas NASD South Dakota NAKE Kentucky NATN Tennessee NALO Louisiana NATX Texas NAMA Maine NAUT Utah NAMY Maryland NAVE Vermont NAMS Massachusetts NAVI Virginia NAMC Michigan NAWA Washington


NAMN Minnesota NAWV West Virginia NAMP Mississippi NAWI Wisconsin NAMR Missouri NAWY Wyoming

VAØØ Alaska UZBEKISTAN UZ-- (SI57) Uzbekistan UZØ1 (????) Andizhan O. UZØ8 (????) Namangan O. UZØ2 (????) Bukhara O. UZØ9 (????) Navoi O. UZØ3 (????) Dzhizak O. UZ1Ø (????) Samarkand O. UZØ4 (????) Fergana O. UZ11 (????) Surkhandar'in O.(Termez UZØ5 (SI52) Kara-Kalpak UZ12 (????) Syrdar'in O. (Gulistan) UZØ6 (????) Kashkadar'in O.(Karshi) UZ13 (????) Tashkent O. UZØ7 (????) Khorezm O. (Urgench)

Still to do: what old USSR numbers do correspond to this new code?

Vatican City see Italy Venezuela SJØØ Vietnam FNVA Wales see UK West Bank WBØØ Western Sahara, (Rio de Oro), (Spanish West Africa) NDØØ Yemen JZØØ YUGOSLAVIA Since 2004 this country is divided in two separate countries now: Montenegro and the Republic of Serbia. YU-- Yugoslavia YU72 Crna-Gora (Montenegro) (since 2004: MEØØ) YU74 Kosovo-Metohija (since 2004: RS74) YU77 Srbija (Serbia) (since 2004: RS77) YU78 Vojvodina (since 2004: RS78) Zaire see Democratic Republic of Congo Zambia ZMØØ Zanzibar & Pemba QCØØ Zimbabwe WSØØ.


ISLANDS and OCEANS Place codes for other islands, for which codes have not so far been allocated, may be found below. If they are not specifically mentioned they should be included with the relevant ocean area but note AN (Antarctica) and PI (Pacific Islands). Otherwise uncoded islands in the following oceans: ANØØ Antarctica PIØØ Pacific Islands (all including Galapagos in East) +AØØ Arctic Ocean +ABI Bear Island (Bjørnøya) +AJM Jan Mayen +ASV Svalbard (Spitsbergen) +BØØ North Sea (see also UK, Denmark, Norway, the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany) +CØØ English Channel and Irish Sea (see also France, UK and Ireland) +DØØ Bay of Biscay +EØØ Baltic Sea (see also Norway, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia) +FØØ Mediterranean Sea (see below) +GØØ Black and Caspian Seas +HØØ North Atlantic Ocean (other parts) +HBE Bermuda +HCV Cape Verde Islands +IØØ Other Oceans +JØØ Indian Ocean IOØØ British Indian Ocean Territories MUØØ Mauritius (incl. Rodrigues Island) MVØØ Maldives REØØ Reunion SCØØ Seychelles TFØØ French Southern Territories (Crozet Islands, Kerguélen, St. Paul, Amsterdam Island) Azores see Portugal Canary Islands see Spain Madeira see Portugal Summary of codes for the larger Mediterranean Islands: Aegean islands GR8Ø Baleares, Islas ES7- (but see individual island codes) Corse (Corsica) FR9Ø Crete see Kriti Cyclades see Kyklades Cyprus CYØØ Eivissa ES7Ø Elba IA61


Formentera ES7Ø Gozo MLØØ Ibiza see Eivissa Kerkyra (Corfu) GR81 Kerkyra (Ionian Islands) GR81 Kriti GR82 Kyklades GR8Ø Mallorca ES71 Malta MLØØ Menorca ES72 Pantelleria IA65 Rhodos GR8Ø Sardegna (Sardinia) IA62 Sicilia (Sicily) IA63 AT SEA Birds found floating at sea or found on ships or other man-made structures rather than islands are coded as if found on uncoded islands but with an initial - rather than +. -AØØ Arctic Ocean -BØØ North Sea -CØØ English Channel and Irish Sea -DØØ Bay of Biscay -EØØ Baltic Sea -FØØ Mediterranean Sea -GØØ Black and Caspian Seas -HØØ North Atlantic Ocean (other parts) -IØØ Other Oceans -JØØ Indian Ocean


GEOGRAPHICAL CO-ORDINATES alphanumeric, fifteen columns (61 - 75) Latitude: North and South co-ordinates are given in: - Quadrant, North is “+” and South is “-“ (1 digit). - Degrees, in a range from Ø to 9Ø (2 digits). - Minutes, in a range from Ø to 6Ø (2 digits). - Seconds, in a range from Ø to 6Ø (2 digits). Longitude: East and West co-ordinates are given in: - Quadrant, East is “+” and West is “-“ (1 digit). - Degrees, in a range from Ø to 18Ø (3 digits). - Minutes, in a range from Ø to 6Ø (2 digits). - Seconds, in a range from Ø to 6Ø (2 digits). NOTE. When the co-ordinates are not known exactly, for example the subdivision in seconds is not known, make a best estimate and code the field “accuracy of co-ordinates” accordingly. Do not code: +5157-- when the seconds are not known. A few examples: +34Ø311-1181456 (34° 3’ 11” N 118° 14’ 56” W) USA, Los Angeles +592624+Ø244741 (59° 26’ 24” N 24° 47’ 41” E) Estonia, Tallinn +515706+ØØ54513 (51° 57’ 06” N 5° 45’ 13” E) Netherlands, Vogeltrekstation +522526+ØØØ4449 (52° 25’ 26” N Ø° 44’ 49” E) England, Thetford -335405+Ø182902 (33° 54’ 05” S 18° 29’ 2” E) South Africa, Cape Town -351748+149Ø731 (35° 17’ 48” S 149° 7’ 31” E) Australia, Canberra +474425+ØØ85853 (47° 44’ 25” N 8° 58’ 53” E) Germany, Radolfzell +62Ø238+1294221 (62° 2’ 38” N 129° 42’ 21” E) Russian Federation, Yakutsk -21Ø832-1751218 (21° 8’ 32” S 175° 12’ 18” W) Toku Islands, Nuku’alofa +384352-ØØ92634 (38° 43’ 52” N 9° 26’ 34” W) Portugal, Lisboa -225439-Ø431322 (22° 54’ 39” S 43° 13’ 22”W) Brasil, Rio de Janeiro Co-ordinates according to the cdrom: “Worldmap” from Wolters-Noordhof, the Netherlands.


ACCURACY OF CO-ORDINATES numeric, one column (76) Ø Accurate to the given co-ordinates. 1 Somewhere in a circle with radius 5 km (3.1 mile). 2 Somewhere in a circle with radius 1Ø km (6.2 mile). 3 Somewhere in a circle with radius 2Ø km (12.4 mile). 4 Somewhere in a circle with radius 5Ø km (31.1 mile). 5 Somewhere in a circle with radius 1ØØ km (62.2 mile). 6 Somewhere in a circle with radius 5ØØ km (31Ø.8 mile). 7 Somewhere in a circle with radius 1ØØØ km (621.5 mile). 8 Reserved fot the future. 9 Somewhere in the country or region given in the field ‘Place Code’ (57-6Ø) NOTE. When information about the accuracy of data in a particular field is required the accuracy is normally given in the same units of measurements as the main data. This causes a problem for co-ordinates as an inaccuracy in longitude of one degree on the equator has a higher impact than one degree in the north of Norway. Therefore the accuracy of co-ordinates is given in kilometers.


CONDITION numeric, one column (77) Ø Condition completely unknown. 1 Dead but no information on how recently the bird had died (or been killed). 2 Freshly dead - within about a week. 3 Not freshly dead - information available that it had been dead for more than about a week.

N.B. for very long dead birds, use ‘9‘ in the field “accuracy of date”, as well as 3 here. 4 Found sick, wounded, unhealthy etc. and known to have been released. 5 Found sick, wounded, unhealthy etc. and not released or not known if released. 6 Alive and probably healthy but taken into captivity. 7 Alive and probably healthy and certainly released. 8 Alive and probably healthy and released by a ringer. 9 Alive and probably healthy but ultimate fate of bird is not known. NOTE. Only where the finder provides wholly reliable information enabling a better estimate of the date of death to be determined from the circumstances of finding should that date of death be used (with appropriate accuracy code). Where there is any doubt the finding date must be coded and not an unreliable estimated date of death. For example: a. The bird was dead about three weeks. Code date of finding and 3. b. I visit the local lake every day to bird watch and noticed, on 1st January 1978, the body of a

swan on an island. The bird had not been there the previous day. On 15th February a fisherman took me to the island in his boat and I found the enclosed ring on the Swan's remains. Code Ø1Ø11978 and 2, not 15Ø21978 and 3.

This column codes CONDITION of the bird when found and is only modified by other columns where, as already mentioned above, ‘9‘ in the field “accuracy of date” is used to indicate that a bird has been dead for a very long time.


CIRCUMSTANCES numeric, two columns (78 - 79) Two digit numeric and hierarchic code; primary divisions as follows: 99 Totally unknown circumstance: not even stated to be 'found'. Ø Unknown circumstances or unknown whether through man's agency or naturally

(includes attracted to domestic animals). 1 Intentionally by man - shot. 2 Intentionally by man - other means (includes trapped, poisoned, ring number read in

field etc.). All captures (=ringing data) and recaptures (caught and released). 3 Accidentally by man - 'pollution'. 4 Accidentally through human agency (not 'pollution'): includes traffic accidents, collision

with wires etc., entering man-made artefacts, accidents with machinery, drowned at artificial water. NB: attracted to domestic animals is Ø.

5 Natural causes - diseases and other natural ailments. 6 Predation by any animal other than man (except hunted by falconer's bird - which

would be covered by 2 above). 7 Other 'natural causes'. Drowned (natural water bodies), trapped, tangled and collided

with natural objects and also climate and starvation (or thirst). 8 Bird identified from something else than the metal ring. When coding circumstances the following fields should be considered: - manipulated (column 3Ø), - circumstances presumed (column 8Ø), - moved before the capture / recapture / recovery (column 31). Primary Division: Miscellaneous. numeric, column 78: 9 or Ø. Unknown, attracted to domestic animals, on ship, ringing casualty (whether through ringer or ring). 99 No information at all, ring number written on postcard (for example) with no mention

of the bird, whether found, whether dead or alive. ØØ ‘Found' (letter reports 'found'), no mention of the bird or its body in recovery report. Ø1 Found, bird or body mentioned in recovery letter. Ø2 Ring only found in circumstances where the bird could have ended its life without

transported information in the field “moved before capture / recapture / recovery was done”. That field to be used to indicate that ring had been moved e.g. found at Post Office, in chest of drawers etc.

Ø3 Ring and leg only found in natural circumstances (the field “move before capture / recapture / recovery was done used as above).

Ø4 Code Ø4 is not used.


Ø5 Code Ø5 is not used. Ø6 Found on ship unless there is further indication that the bird was caught in fishing

gear, hit wires, attracted to lights etc. where these should be coded rather than Ø6. Ø7 Joined or attracted to domestic animals or birds. NB: 12 or 22 should be used if the

bird has been shot or trapped to protect the birds or animals to which it has been attracted.

Ø8 Dead or seriously harmed by ringer through catching or handling processes. Ø9 Recovery caused by the ring or mark on the bird - this includes becoming entangled

because of the ring and being recovered as a result of injuries caused by the ring. Primary Division: Shot. numeric, column 78: 1 1Ø Shot – not for reasons 12-16 below. 11 Found shot. 12 Shot to protect crops, foodstuffs, animals or game species. 13 Shot in the course of nature protection procedures (e.g. gulls culled to protect young

waders or terns, gulls culled to provide nesting habitat for other species). 14 Shot to protect human life - air-strike prevention, human health consideration (roosts

on buildings, gulls roosting on drinking water reservoirs). 15 Shot to provide plumage for decoration or commerce (taxidermy, fishing lures etc.) OR

shot as part of a scientific investigation (but NOT because the individual was ringed). 16 Shot because it was ringed or marked. 17 Code 17 is not used. 18 Code 18 is not used. 19 ‘Capturado', 'tué', ‘chasse’, ‘tué à la chasse’ etc. - words or phrases used in various

languages indicating that he bird has been 'hunted' and is likely to have been shot in the majority of cases rather than to have been taken by other means.

Primary Division: Intentionally by Man (not shot). numeric, column 78: 2 2Ø Hunted, trapped, poisoned intentionally by man (NB: not shot). Not for reasons set out

21-29 below. 21 Trapped for caging - may be used with the condition code to deal with birds found in

captivity and with the field “moved before recovery was done” to deal with birds not caught at the finding place. NB: birds taken into captivity for treatment are not included here.

22 Trapped, poisoned etc., to protect crops, foodstuffs, animals or game species. Compare with 12 above.

23 Trapped, poisoned etc., during nature protection procedures. Compare 13 above. 24 Trapped, poisoned etc., to protect human life. Compare 14 above. 25 Trapped, poisoned etc., for plumage or during scientific investigation. Compare 15

above. 26 Trapped, poisoned etc., because it was ringed. Compare 16 above. 27 Found at or in nest-box or other structure specially placed or modified by man for birds

to use. Compare 46 below. 28 Ring number of metal ring read in field without the bird being caught. 29 See primary division 8.


Primary Division: Accidentally by Man - 'Pollution'. numeric, column 78: 3 3Ø Oil. 31 Contact with discarded human materials (old tins, discarded fishing line, metal swarf,

sticky substances (not oil) etc.). 32 Contact with human artefacts which are still in use and NOT intended as protection

against birds or set to trap birds or other animals - e.g. tangled in barbed wire, caught in sports netting, caught in fish-nets hanging to dry on the shore.

33 Entangled in crop protection nets(include fruit netting, nets over stored food-stuffs or over fish-ponds. Threads or fibres, not made into nets, but used for crop protection also included here).

34 Accidentally trapped where the intention was to trap other species of birds or vertebrates (e.g. Erithacus rubecula in trap for Pyrrhula pyrrhula in an orchard, a bird caught in mouse-trap, a bird caught in fish nets or on fish-hook WHILST nets or hook were being used to catch fish).

35 Electrocuted. This over-rides codes for 'Hit wires' (43) or 'Entered building' (46) where there is good evidence that the bird would not have been recovered if it were not for the electrocution.

36 Radio-activity. 37 Poisoned through chemical pollution. Chemical identified (one or more may be

involved) and details available from national ringing centre (e.g. Metallic lead poisoning for Cygnus olor, Dieldrin for a raptor). NB: If there is evidence that the chemical was being used intentionally see codes 2Ø-26 and 34.

38 Poisoned through chemical pollution but identity of chemical agent (agents) not known (see 37 above).

Primary Division: Accidentally through human agency (not 'pollution'). numeric, column 78: 4 NB: 4Ø-42 traffic accidents, 43-45 collisions with static objects. 4Ø Road - used with the field “circumstances presumed” (column 8Ø) to indicate as

follows: Ø in field “circumstances presumed”: definitely through impact with road vehicle. 1 in field “circumstances presumed”: dead on road, traffic accident presumed. 2 in field “moved before recovery”: hit by vehicle, moved from point of impact by it. 41 Railway, used with the field “circumstances presumed” as above. 42 Aircraft, used with the field “circumstances presumed” as above. Care needs to be

taken as to whether impact with aircraft or ground vehicle is cause of recovery on airfields. When in doubt code 42 and 1 in the field “circumstances presumed”.

43 Collision with (or presumed) THIN man-made structure-wires, wires, masts, cables, ship's rigging, aerials etc. (see below for THICK.)

44 Collision with (or presumed) glass or other transparent materials -windows, wind-breaks, windows of static vehicles.

45 Collision with (or presumed) THICK man-made structure, building, bridge etc. 46 Entered man-made structure NOT built or modified to trap animals (see 34) or as a

nest-box (see 27) - building, letter-box, etc. See also the field “status” for coding of roosting, breeding etc.


47 Attracted to lights (not being used as a deliberate trapping method) - often associated with foggy weather – NB: P or S in the field “status” indicates at lighthouse or light-ship.

48 Recovered as a result of active human occupation. The analyst may use this as a flag to obtain further information since many different sorts of record will receive this code. For example:

lndustrial (e.g. caught in moving belt, blasting operation at mine). Agricultural (e.g. caught in automatic vent of greenhouse, trapped by plough) Forestry (e.g. killed by tree being felled, crushed between floating logs) Sporting (e.g. killed by golf ball, caught by fielder in cricket match) Military (e.g. killed on bombing range, concussed by artillery fire). 49 Drowned in artificial water container-water butt, forestry fire tank etc. where the edges

of the water surface are artificial and may trap any bird in the water (NB: category 7Ø would apply to a garden pond).

Primary Division: Natural Causes - Diseases etc. numeric, column 78: 5 5Ø Contusions, breaks, general trauma where no other cause given. 51 Malformations (congenital, mechanical (e.g. from broken bill) or from tumours). 52 Fungal infections (e.g. aspergillosis etc.). 53 Viral infections. 54 Bacterial infections (but see 56 below). 55 Other endo-parasites (e.g. blood-parasites, nematodes, trematodes etc.). 56 Botulism. 57 Red-tide (dinoflagellate poisoning). 58 Combination of any of the above without definite single cause being known. 59 Veterinary examination made and report available - no positive conclusions. Primary Division: Predated, other than by Man. numeric, column 78: 6 NB: Taken by trained falconer's bird should be coded 2Ø. 6Ø Taken by unspecified animal. 61 Taken by cat. 62 Taken by other domestic animal or one in captivity (e.g. farmed mink or zoo animals:

includes poultry, reptiles etc. in captivity). 63 Taken by wild or feral mammal (include escaped mink). 64 Taken by owl or raptor - exact identification of predator available. 65 Taken by owl or raptor - exact identification of predator not known. 66 Taken by other species of bird (not conspecific). 67 Taken by conspecific. 68 Taken by reptile, amphibian or fish. 69 Taken by other animals (e.g. wasps, ants, bees, spiders etc). IMPORTANT As with all other parts of the field “circumstances”, the actual fact of killing is given in the code typed for the field “condition”. In practice 861 (condition=8, circumstances=61) could be used for an apparently healthy bird taken by a ringer from a cat and released.


Primary Division: Other Natural Circumstances. numeric, column 78: 7 7Ø Drowned - note 49 if in an artificial water container, note also “moved before capture /

recapture / recovery” (column 31). 71 Tangled in natural object (e.g. tree, sheep's wool etc.). NB: tangling in ring or mark is

coded Ø9. 72 In natural hole or cave. NB: the field “status” (breeding, roosting etc. to be coded),

(column 38). 73 Collided with any sort of natural object (e.g. tree, cliff etc.). If collision during violent

storm etc. code as 78. 74 Poor condition with indication that cold weather was cause. 75 Poor condition with indication that hot weather was cause. 76 Poor condition, starvation or thirst may be mentioned but no indication of cause

leading to poor condition of the bird. 77 Caught in ice. 78 Violent climatological phenomena were involved in the recovery - strong winds,

tempests, hail, whirlwind, floods etc. Primary Division: Bird identified as an individual in the field from something other than the metal ring (bird not caught). numeric, column 78: 8 8Ø Bird identified as an individual in the field by something else then the metal ring. 81 Bird identified from coloured or numbered legring(s). 82 Bird identified from coloured or numbered neckring(s). 83 Bird identified from wingtags. 84 Bird identified with radio tracking. 85 Bird identified with satellite tracking. 86 Bird identified from transponder. 87 Bird identified from nasal mark(s). 88 Bird identified from flight feather(s) stamped with the ringnumber. 89 Bird identified from body- or wing painting.


CIRCUMSTANCES PRESUMED numeric, one column (8Ø) Ø No doubt about the circumstances. 1 Circumstances presumed. CIRCUMSTANCES PRESUMED can be used in combination with the entries in the field “circumstances” to modify the circumstances, e.g. changes 43 'Killed against wires' to 'Found under wires' etc.


EURING CODE IDENTIFIER numeric, one column (81) This column identifies which version of coding (1966, 1979 or 2ØØØ) is used. Ø ‘EURING Code Manual’ (1966). Directly coded (no translation). 1 ‘Code Manual New EURING’ (1979). Translated from ‘EURING Code Manual’ (1966).

This was be done by computer with a very small minority of records needing to be investigated by each ringing centre. The co-ordinates on these cards will always have the minutes divisible by 6, having been translated from old EURING cards with tenths of degrees typed.

2 ‘Code Manual New EURING’ (1979). Directly coded (no translation of older codes). 3 ‘EURING exchange-code 2ØØØ’ (2ØØ1). Translated from older codes. 4 ‘EURING exchange-code 2ØØØ’ (2ØØ1). Directly coded (no translation of older

codes).


DERIVED DATA DISTANCE alphanumeric, five columns (82 - 86) Calculated by computer (Imboden & Imboden 1972) as the distance between the current record and the first record (=ringing data). The distance is given in kilometres (ØØØØØ - 99999). A distance is always calculated, even if the geographical co-ordinates are given as inaccurate. Users should check the field ‘accuracy of co-ordinates’ (column 76). NB1: of course the distance is not present in the first record (=ringing data), in that case code: ----- (five ‘hyphens’). NB2: you can compute distance and direction between two sets of co-ordinates according to ‘orthodrome’ (shortest distance) or ‘loxodrome’ (constant direction), the two methods can give rather different results (Imboden & Imboden 1972). The method prefered by EURING is ‘loxodrome’. Scientists should check which method is used in the data you did receive, or better: compute it yourself. Imboden C. & D. Imboden 1972. Formel für Orthodrome und Loxodrome bei der Berechnung von Richtung und Distanz zwischen Beringung- und Wiederfundort. Die Vogelwarte 26(4): 336-346. DIRECTION alphanumeric, three columns (87 - 89) Calculated by computer (Imboden & Imboden 1972) as the direction between the current record and the first record (=ringing data). The direction is given in degrees (ØØØ - 359). A direction is always calculated, even if the geographical co-ordinates are given as inaccurate. Users should check the field ‘accuracy of co-ordinates’ (column 76). NB1: of course the direction is not present in the first record (=ringing data). In that case code: --- (three ‘hyphens’). NB2: you can compute distance and direction between two sets of co-ordinates according to ‘orthodrome’ (shortest distance) or ‘loxodrome’ (constant direction), the two methods can give rather different results (Imboden & Imboden 1972). The method prefered by EURING is ‘loxodrome’. Scientists should check which method is used in the data you did receive, or better: compute it yourself. Imboden C. & D. Imboden 1972. Formel für Orthodrome und Loxodrome bei der Berechnung von Richtung und Distanz zwischen Beringung- und Wiederfundort. Die Vogelwarte 26(4): 336-346. ELAPSED TIME


alphanumeric, five columns (9Ø - 94) Calculated as the elapsed time between the current record and the first record (=ringing data). The elapsed time is given in days (ØØØØØ - 99999). Elapsed time is always calculated, even if the date is given as inaccurate. Users should check the field ‘accuracy of date’ (column 52). NB: of course the elapsed time is not given on the first record (=ringing data), in that case code: ------ (five ‘hyphens’).


BIOMETRICS Reserved columns 151-2ØØ (Wing length, Primary length, Weight, Tarsus, Fat, Skull ossification, Moult, Tail length, Tail difference, Bill length, Bill depth, Bill width, Head and bill, Toe, Claws, etc. etc.). For measuring techniques see: Bairlein F. (ed.) 1995. Manual of Field Methods. European-African songbird migration network. Revised edition. Vogelwarte Helgoland, Wilhelmshaven. Baker K. 1993. Identification Guide to European Non-Passerines. BTO guide 24. BTO, Thetford. ISBN Ø-9Ø3793-18-Ø. Berthold P. & W. Friedrich 1979. Die Federlänge: Ein neues nützliches Flügelmaß. Die Vogelwarte 3Ø: 11-21. Ginn H.B. & D.S. Melville 1983. Moult in birds. BTO guide 19. BTO, Tring. ISBN Ø-9Ø3793-Ø2-4. Jenni L. & R. Winkler 1994. Moult and ageing of European Passerines. London. ISBN Ø-12-38415Ø-X. Kaiser A. 1993. A new multi-category classification of subcutaneous fat deposits of songbirds. Journal of Field Ornithology 64: 246-255. Pyle P., S.N.G. Howell, R.P. Yunick & D. DeSante 1997. Identification Guide to North American Passerines. Slate Creek Press, Bolinas. ISBN Ø-961894Ø-Ø-8. Svensson L. 1992. Identification Guide of European Passerines. Fourth edition. Svensson, Stockholm. ISBN 91-63Ø-1118-2. Extensive literature is cited in Svensson (1992).


THANKS. Many thanks are for my dad B.J. (Bé) Speek. He typed in almost the complete old ‘Code Manual New EURING’ (1979), quite a job. He improved the spelling of all countries and provinces comparing to the 10th edition of “The Times Comprehensive Atlas of the World” and checked and rechecked and re… this ‘EURING exchange-code 2ØØØ’. We had many hours of discussion, lots of new ideas were born (and many of them rejected). His contribution in creating the ‘Code Manual New EURING’ (1979) was a great help for me. Dad thank you. Gerrit Speek


The EURING exchange-code 2ØØØ. EURING General Secretary Dr. Wolfgang Fiedler Max Planck Research Centre for Ornithology Vogelwarte Radolfzell Schlossallee 2 D-78315 Radolfzell Germany Published for EURING, the European Union for Bird Ringing, by: Vogeltrekstation Arnhem Dutch Ringing Scheme P.O.Box 4Ø 6666 ZG Heteren the Netherlands tel.: +31 26 479 12 34 fax: +31 26 472 32 27 e-mail: [email protected] EURING website: www.euring.org e-mail EURING databank: [email protected] ISBN: 9Ø-74638-13-9





Appendix 1. List of European bats. In the year 2ØØ4 the Finnish Scheme did make a start to archive bat ringing. They want to use the EURING code as the basics of their administration of bat ringing and recoveries. Therefore a list of European bats is added in this appendix. EURING nr. genus species English name

50010 Rousettus Aegyptiacus Egyptian rousette 50020 Rhinolophus ferrumequinum Greater horseshoe bat 50030 Rhinolophus hipposideros Lesser horseshoe bat 50040 Rhinolophus euryale Meditteranean horseshoe bat 50050 Rhinolophus blasii Blasius' horseshoe bat 50060 Rhinolophus mehelyi Mehely's horseshoe bat 50070 Myotis daubentonii Daubenton's bat 50080 Myotis capacinii Long-fingered bat 50090 Myotis dasycneme Pond bat 50100 Myotis brandtii Brandt's bat 50110 Myotis mystacinus Whiskered bat 50120 Myotis emarginatus Geoffroy's bat 50130 Myotis nattereri Natterer's bat 50140 Myotis bechsteinii Bechstein's bat 50150 Myotis myotis Greater mouse-eared bat 50160 Myotis blythii Lesser mouse-eared bat 50170 Nyctalus noctula Noctule 50180 Nyctalus leisleri Leisler's bat 50190 Nyctalus azoreum Azores noctule 50200 Nyctalus lasiopterus Greater noctule 50210 Eptesicus serotinus Serotine 50220 Eptesicus nilsonii Northern bat 50230 Eptesicus bottae Botta's serotine 50240 Vespertilio murinus Parti-coloured bat 50250 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Pipistrelle 50260 Pipistrellus pygmaeus Pigmy pipistrelle 50270 Pipistrellus nathusii Nathusius' pipistrelle 50280 Pipistrellus kuhlii Kuhl's pipistrelle 50290 Pipistrellus maderensis Madeira pipistrelle 50300 Hypsugo savii Savi's pipistrelle 50310 Plecotis auritus Long-eared bat 50320 Plecotis austriacus Grey long-eared bat 50330 Plecotis teneriffae Canary long-eared bat 50340 Barbastella barbastellus Barbastelle 50350 Miniopterus schreibersii Schreiber's bat 50360 Tadarida teniotis European free-tailed bat


Appendix 2. World-list of sea-mammals. EURING nr. genus - species English name

61000 a whale or dolphin 61010 a whale 61020 a large whale 61030 a large whale, indistinct dorsal 61040 a large whale, distinct dorsal 61050 a medium whale 61060 Sei / Minke / Bottlenose 61070 a small whale 62020 large whale, no dorsal 62030 Balaena mysticetus Bowhead Whale 62040 Balaena glacialis Right Whale 62050 Caperea marginata Pygmy Right Whale 62110 Eschrichtius robustus Gray Whale 62210 a large Balaenoptera spec. 62220 Balaenoptera musculus Blue Whale 62230 Balaenoptera physalus Fin Whale 62240 Balaenoptera borealis Sei Whale 62250 Balaenoptera edeni Bryde's Vinvis 62260 Balaenoptera acutorostrata Minke Whale 62270 Megaptera novaeangliae Humpback Whale 62520 Physeter macrocephalus Sperm Whale 62530 Kogia breviceps Pygmy Sperm Whale 62540 Kogia simus Dwarf Sperm Whale 62610 Monodon monoceros Narwhal 62620 Delphinapterus leucas Beluga Whale 62630 Orcaella brevirostris Irrawaddy Dolphin 62710 Berardius bairdii Baird's Beaked Whale 62720 Berardius arnuxii Arnoux's Beaked Whale 62730 Tasmacetus shepherdi Shepherd's Beaked Whale 62740 Ziphius cavirostris Cuvier's Whale 62750 Hyperoodon ampullatus Northern Bottlenose Whale 62760 Hyperoodon planifrons Southern Bottlenose Whale 62770 Mesoplodon spec., beaked whale 62780 Mesoplodon pacificus Longman's Beaked Whale 62790 Mesoplodon hectori Hector's Beaked Whale 62800 Mesoplodon mirus True's Beaked Whales 62810 Mesoplodon europaeus Gervais' Beaked Whale 62820 Mesoplodon ginkgodens Ginkgo-toothed Beaked Whale 62830 Mesoplodon grayi Gray's Beaked Whale 62840 Mesoplodon stejnegeri Stejneger's Beaked Whale 62850 Mesoplodon carlhubbsi Hubbs' Beaked Whale 62860 Mesoplodon bowdoini Andrews' Beaked Whale 62870 Mesoplodon layardii Straptoothed Whale 62880 Mesoplodon bidens Sowerby's Whale 62890 Mesoplodon densirostris Blainville's Whale 63010 a medium whale, large fin 63020 Orcinus orca Killer Whale


63030 Globicephala or Pseudorca 63040 Pseudorca crassidens False Killer Whale 63050 Feresa attenuata Pygmy Killer Whale 63060 Peponocephala electra Melon-headed Whale 63070 Globicephala melaena Long-finned Pilot Whale 63080 Globicephala macrorhynchus Short-finned Pilot Whale 63110 a dolphin 63120 a patterned dolphin 63130 an unpatterned dolphin 63140 Souza chinensis humpback dolphins 63150 Souza teuszii humpback dolphins 63160 Souza plumbea humpback dolphins 63170 Steno bredanensis Rough-toothed Dolphin 63180 Sotalia fluviatilis Tucuxi 63190 Tursiops truncatus Bottlenose Dolphin 63200 Stenella coeruleoalba Striped Dolphin 63210 Stenella attenuata Pantropical Spotted Dolphin 63220 Stenella longirostris Spinner Dolphin 63230 Stenella clymene Clymene Dolphin 63240 Stenella frontalis Spotted Dolphin 63250 Delphinus delphis Common Dolphin 63260 a Lagenorhynchus spec. 63270 Lagenorhynchus albirostris White Beaked Dolphin 63280 Lagenorhynchus acutus Atlantic White-sided Dolphin 63290 Lagenorhynchus obliquidens Pacific White-sided Dolphin 63300 Lagenorhynchus obscurus Dusky Dolphin 63310 Lagenorhynchus australis Peale's Dolphin 63320 Lagenorhynchus cruciger Hourglass Dolphin 63330 Lagenodelphis hosei Fraser's Dolphin 63340 Cephalorhynchus heavisidii Heaviside's Dolphin 63350 Cephalorhynchus eutropia Chilean Dolphin 63360 Cephalorhynchus hectori Hector's Dolphin 63370 Cephalorhynchus commersonii Commerson's Dolphin 63380 Lissodelphis borealis Northern Right Whale Dolphin 63390 Lissodelphis peronii Southern Right Whale Dolphin 63400 Grampus griseus Risso’s Dolphin 63510 Phocoena phocoena Harbour Porpoise 63520 Phocoena sinus Vaquita 63530 Australophocaena dioptrica Spectacled Porpoise 63540 Phocoena spinipinnis Burmeister's Porpoise 63550 Neophocaena phocaenoides Finless Porpoise 63560 Phocoenoides dalli Dall's Porpoise 63610 Platanista gangetica Ganges River Dolphin 63620 Platanista minor Indus River Dolphin 63630 Inia geoffrensis Boto 63640 Lipotes vexillifer Baiji 63650 Pontoporia blainvillei Franciscana 64010 Eumetopias jubatus Steller's Sea Lion 64020 Zalophus californianus Californian Sea Lion 64030 Otaria byronia Southern Sea Lion 64040 Neophoca cinerea Australian Sea Lion 64050 Phocarctos hookeri New Zealand Sea Lion 64060 Arctocephalus townsendi Guadalupe Fur Seal 64070 Arctocephalus galapagoensis Galapagos Fur Seal 64080 Arctocephalus philippii Juan Fernandez Fur Seal


64090 Arctocephalus australis South American Fur Seal 64100 Arctocephalus tropicalis Subantarctic Fur Seal 64110 Arctocephalus gazella Antarctic Fur Seal 64120 Arctocephalus pusillus Cape/Australian Fur Seal 64130 Arctocephalus forsteri New Zealand Fur Seal 64140 Callorhinus ursinus Northern Fur Seal 64210 Odobenus rosmarus Walrus 64310 an unidentified pinniped 64320 Halichoerus grypus Grey Seal 64330 Phoca vitulina Common Seal 64340 Phoca largha Largha Seal 64350 Phoca hispida Ringed Seal 64360 Phoca caspia Caspian Seal 64370 Phoca siberica Baikal Seal 64380 Phoca groenlandica Harp Seal 64390 Phoca fasciata Ribbon Seal 64400 Cystophora cristata Hooded Seal 64410 Erignathus barbatus Bearded Seal 64420 Monachus monachus Mediteranian Monk Seal 64430 Monachus tropicalis West Indian Monk Seal 64440 Monachus schauinslandi Hawaiian Monk Seal 64450 Leptonychotes weddelli Weddell Seal 64460 Ommatophoca rossi Ross Seal 64470 Lobodon carcinophagus Crabeater 64480 Hydrurga leptonyx Leopard Seal 64490 Mirounga leonina Southern Elephant Seal 64500 Mirounga angustirostris Northern Elephant Seal


UPDATE INFORMATION: Do you want to mention a mistake, fault or addition or whatever improvement: e-mail Gerrit Speek: [email protected] Changes in coding of countries from the ‘Code Manual New EURING’ 1979 to ‘the ‘EURING exchange-code 2ØØØ’: Armenia (AEØØ) is a new country from the former USSR; Azerbaijan is a new country from the former USSR; Belarus is a new country from the former USSR; Bosnia and Herzegovina (BHØØ) is a new country from the former Yugoslavia; Croatia is a new country from the former Yugoslavia; Czech Republic is a new country from the former Czechoslovakia; Estonia is a new country from the former USSR; Georgia is a new country from the former USSR; Germany is a new country: former Federal Republic of Germany and the former German Democratic Republic are now combined; Ifni (UJØØ) is now icluded in Western Sahara; Islas de Canarias see Spain (+HCN removed, now ES8-); Kazakhstan is a new country from the former USSR; Kyrgyzstan is a new country from the former USSR; Latvia is a new country from the former USSR; Lithuania is a new country from the former USSR; Macedonia a new country from the former Yugoslavia; Moldova is a new country from the former USSR; Russian Federation is a new country from the former USSR; Slovakia is a new country from the former Czechoslovakia; Slovenia is a new country from the former Yugoslavia; Tangier (DJØØ) is now a city inside Morocco (MAØØ); Tajikistan is a new country from the former USSR; Turkmenistan is a new country from the former USSR; Ukraine is a new country from the former USSR; Uzbekistan is a new country from the former USSR; Yugoslavia is now minus Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Macedonia. Jul 21, 2ØØ1 First release as a draft on the website of EURING. Aug 14, 2ØØ1 (a) Administrative divisions of Tajikistan and Turkmenistan updated,

based on research by the Moscow Scheme; (b) footer with page numbers added.

Aug 21, 2ØØ1 Information received from Aevar Petersen, Reykjavik Scheme: (a) the old Peter Skovgaard Viborg Scheme was operating in Iceland before the Reykjavik Scheme, so within the Ringing Scheme (col. 1-3) Skovgaard is mentioned as an extinct scheme in Iceland; (b) catching method “G” added; (c) Iceland is now subdivided in 27 counties; (d) information received from Kjeld Pedersen, København Scheme: subdivision Denmark updated.

Aug 28, 2ØØ1 (a) Many minor spelling updates; (b) the field “metal ring information” increased; (c) the field “other mark information” increased; (d) the fields “species”, “sex” and “age” reduced from 3 to 2 fields; (e) species-list also present now in order of EURING-number (according to Voous, see the field ‘Species and subspecies’); (f) the explanation in subdivision 5 in the field “identification number” is enlarged; (g) copyright statement on page 2 updated.

Sep 3, 2ØØ1 (a) A few new bird-species are added; (b) a “note” added to the field “co-ordinates”.

Sep 5, 2ØØ1 (a) Coding “broodsize” enlarged; (b) map with subdivisions of Iceland included; (c) in the coding of the field “identification number” was a mistake in “figures/letters”, corrected now; (d) the first character in the field “primary identification method” is now conform the first character in the field “other mark information”.

Sep 7, 2ØØ1 ISBN number added. Oct 1, 2ØØ1 (a) Added the scheme (LIU) used in Lithuania in the 193Ø’s and 194Ø’s;

(b) some minor corrections. Oct 5, 2ØØ1 Some minor corrections. Oct 19, 2ØØ1 Subspecies within Hippolais pallida added. Oct 25, 2ØØ1 Co-ordinates are in degrees, minutes and seconds. Dec 12, 2ØØ1 New birdspecies added. Jan 16, 2ØØ2 New birdspecies added. Jan 21, 2ØØ2 Errors removed in the examples of the field of “Geographical co-ordinates” Mar 5, 2ØØ2 New birdspecies added.



Mar 28, 2ØØ2 New district codes for Czech Republic added. May 6, 2ØØ2 New birdspecies added. May 14, 2ØØ2 Error removed in the examples of the field “Identification number” May 15, 2ØØ2 (a) Turkey (Ankara, TUA) added as new scheme who issue rings; (b) new

bird-subspecies added. Jul 8, 2ØØ2 new birdspecies added. Aug 27, 2ØØ2 (a) Old numeric Switzerland added; (b) old code for Gibraltar (NB6Ø)

added; (c) old code for Andorra (EK23) added. Sep 4, 2ØØ2 errors improved in the UK place codes. Oct 2, 2ØØ2 (a) Added to Benin: formerly Dahomey (XQØØ); (b) added old divisions

codes of Poland. Nov 5, 2ØØ2 (a) New birdspecies added; (b) several (very) old, extinct (private ?)

schemes are added for just one reason: to distinguish them among other schemes.

Nov 25, 2ØØ2 (a) Minor text changes in the place code for Greece; (b) correction is made in the “Note” in the field “Manipulated”.

Dec 1Ø, 2ØØ2 (a) In the field “condition” there was a reference to the coding “-“ in the field “date”, that reference is changed in “9”; (b) the use of scheme NLL is explained.

Dec 16, 2ØØ2 (a) Minor corrections in the place code in Kazakhstan; (b) new district-code of Slovakia implemented.

Dec 2Ø, 2ØØ2 (a) Sykes’s Warbler (Hippolais caligata rama) added, [I (GS) do know it is split now from H. caligata and is treated as H. rama (Birding World 15(9):396), but we still have to deal with the taxonomy of this EURING code]; (b) Olivaceous Warbler (Hippolais pallida) is split into Eastern O.W. (H. pallida) and Western O.W. (H. opaca), (Birding World 14(5):192-219 and 15(9):396). So, still following the taxonomy of this EURING code, Eastern O.W. (H. pallida) is 1255Ø and Western O.W. (H. pallida opacus) is 12552.

Dec 28, 2ØØ2 Provinces of Greece: (a) one small textual correction; (b) in a note the differences are explained to the, strictly administrative, divisions as shown in the Times Atlas.

Feb 5, 2ØØ3 A remark from Thord Fransson, Sweden: SVL is for Olov Larsson. Rings from Lund University has only been used for Pheasants and we have no recoveries nor ringing details from this marking project, if it anyhow should be included, we suggest that the code SVX is used.

Feb 1Ø, 2ØØ3 Chlamydotis undulata undulata, C.u.macqueenii, C.u.fuertaventurae added. May 21, 2ØØ3 One improvement in the schemes listed in order of code. Jun 2, 2ØØ3 New birdspecies added. Aug 3, 2ØØ3 Many new bird(sub)species added. Aug 11, 2ØØ3 Many new bird(sub)species added. Aug 28, 2ØØ3 (a) Small improvements about Ø (the number zero) en O (the character

Oslo) in the geographical subdivisions in Poland (valid from ca. 197Ø till Ø1-Jan-1999); (b) internet “gazetteers” are added (sites where you can find geographical names and co-ordinates), see the field “Place code”.

Sep 2, 2ØØ3 (a) One subdivision of Germany added [DEEG (DFEG) Gießen]; (b) due to recent changes the Czech Scheme uses a new coding system for the geographical subdivisions.

Sep 8, 2ØØ3 (a) Since the last General Meeting, EURING has a new secretary, his name and address is in this document; (b) minor spelling corrections.

Sep 16, 2ØØ3 (a) new bird(sub)species added; (b) minor spelling corrections. Sep 18, 2ØØ3 A few new gazetteers-websites added. Sep 23, 2ØØ3 Minor spelling corrections.


Jan 19, 2ØØ4 The table with “replaced / removed fields” (page 6) is enlarged with ‘plumage’, ‘previous reports’ and ‘other relatives recovered’.

Feb 12, 2ØØ4 On page 5 pagenumbers updated; well uh… that’s not a major update, but it have to be done sometimes.

Feb 16, 2ØØ4 Certhia familiaris subspecies added. May 3Ø, 2ØØ4 On Belgium (BLB) rings you could always read ‘Bruxelles’. Since about

2ØØ3 the same Scheme has also rings with ‘Brussels’. Jun Ø8, 2ØØ4 In 2ØØ4 the Finnish Scheme did make a start to archive the ringing of

bats. They want to use the EURING code as the basics of their administration of bat ringing and recoveries. Therefore a list of European bats is added in Appendix 1 on page 123.

Jun 3Ø, 2ØØ4 Some references to columns and pages are updated. Jul Ø5, 2ØØ4 (a) Larus argentatus mongolicus added. Yes I (GS) do know it: the Gull

taxonomy is in a tremendous state of flux, exactly what is a species or subspecies seems to change with every new field guide and article. As mentioned in the field ‘Species and Subspecies’ (page 22) we do follow Voous (1977) and Vaurie (1959, 1965). Anyway, the bird mentioned here is the ‘Mongolian Gull’;

(b) bookmarks added to the pdf-file. Jul Ø6, 2ØØ4 The field ‘Primary Identification Method’ (page 16) does have ‘RØ Flight

feather(s) stamped with the ringnumber’. That is not correct, because when a flight feather is stamped with a ringnumber, there is always a metal ring present and thus the primary identification method will be ‘AØ Metal ring’. Solution: the text belonging to RØ is changed into ‘Flight feather(s) stamped with a number’. (Thanks to Geert De Smet).

Jul 14, 2ØØ4 Many minor spelling corrections. Jul 19, 2ØØ4 (a) The two former EURING code manuals, ‘EURING Code Manual’

(1966) and ‘Code Manual New EURING’ (1979), are now available (pdf) on the website of EURING (www.euring.org) and on the website of the Dutch Ringing Centre (www.vogeltrekstation.nl);

(b) the text from the field ‘EURING code identifier’ (page 116, column 81) is rewritten to be more evident (but the contents is not essentially changed).

Jul 2Ø, 2ØØ4 (a) Improvement about Ø (the number) en O (the character) in the geographical subdivisions in Norway (thanks to Oskar Kenneth Bjørnstad); (b) throughout this codebook is Ø = the number zero and O = the alphabetic character as in “Oslo”, but there are a few exceptions: a few names of place-codes in Danmark and Norway do have the character ø.

Aug Ø2, 2ØØ4 One minor improvement in the place coding of France (thanks to Oskar Kenneth Bjørnstad).

Aug 15, 2ØØ4 Appendix 2 is added: a list of sea-mammals. Aug 21, 2ØØ4 (a) A few coding facilities are added to existing fields. Broodsize: -- bird is

not a nestling. Pullus age: -- bird is not a pullus. Accuracy of pullus age: - bird is not a pullus. Distance: ----- on the first record (=ringing data). Direction: --- on the first record (=ringing data). Elapsed time: ----- on the first record (=ringing data);

(b) NB2 added to distance and direction (‘loxodrome’ as prefered computing method).

Both a and b thanks to Lajos Varga. Aug 29, 2ØØ4 A few minor spelling improvements in birdnames, thanks to Lajos Varga. Sep Ø3, 2ØØ4 (a) A few synonyms were present in the birdlist (15153=1514Ø,




138ØØ=2Ø37Ø, 1676Ø=2Ø28Ø, 23ØØØ=248ØØ, Ø19ØØ=259ØØ, 226ØØ=2653Ø).

(b) A few synonyms added to the birdlist because of better-known names: (224ØØ, 234ØØ, 236ØØ, 249ØØ, 25ØØØ).

Both a and b thanks to Lajos Varga. Sep Ø9, 2ØØ4 (a) One minor improvement in the place coding of Norway. (b) Another synonym in the birdlist (ØØ712=2Ø5ØØ). Both a and b thanks to Oskar Kenneth Bjørnstad. Oct 12, 2ØØ4 Anas (crecca) carolinensis added. Nov Ø1, 2ØØ4 (a) At the field “Species and subspecies, as mentioned by the person who

handled the bird”: Note 3 is not anymore a note, but a remark, and a new Note 3 and Note 4 are added.

(b) Some (sub)species added. Nov 25, 2ØØ4 (a) At the field “Manipulated” the text belonging to “N” is changed: old text

was “Normal healthy bird, released at place of capture within 24 hours”, new text is now “Normal, not manipulated bird”.

(b) A few coding facilities are added to existing fields: Catching method: - (one hyphen): no catching method used (because the

bird is not catched but found or shot). Catching lures: - (one hyphen): no lures used (because the bird is not

lured and catched). Dec Ø7, 2ØØ4 Two species added: Nettapus auritus, Coturnix delegorguei. Dec Ø9, 2ØØ4 One species added: Phylloscopus bonelli orientalis. Dec 16, 2ØØ4 One species added: Psittacula eupatria. Jan 11, 2ØØ5 Two species added: Euplectes albonotatus and Sitta europaea caesia. Jan 17, 2ØØ5 A note is added to the field ‘Status”. Jan 26, 2ØØ5 A few subspecies are added. Feb 1Ø, 2ØØ5 On behave of the BTO are 557 (!) species added. Feb 15, 2ØØ5 A few place codes are added: +JØØ = islands in the Indian Ocean; –JØØ

= Indian Ocean; EVØØ = Eritrea (former belonging to Ethiopia); IOØØ = British Indian Ocean Territories; MUØØ = Mauritius (incl. Rodrigues Island); MVØØ = Maldives; REØØ = Reunion; SCØØ = Seychelles; TFØØ = French Southern Territories (Crozet Islands, Kerguélen, St. Paul Island, Amsterdam Island); KMØØ = Comoros; YTØØ = Mayotte.

Feb 21, 2ØØ5 A few birdspecies are added: 11871 Catharus minimus minimus, 11872 Catharus minimus bicknelli, 13431 Ficedula parva parva, 13432 Ficedula parva albicilla.

Feb 26, 2ØØ5 A few birdspecies added: Ø1664 Branta canadensis hutchinsii; 2666Ø Tadorna cana; 2665Ø Tadorna radjah; 2667Ø Tadorna tadornoides; 2668Ø Tadorna variegate; 2669Ø Amazona oratrix; Ø2152 Melanitta fusca deglandi; Ø2132 Melanitta nigra americana; ØØ482 Puffinus assimilis baroli; Ø4783 Charadrius mongolus atrifrons; 2669Ø Amazona oratrix; 12722 Sylvia hortensis crassirostris.

Mar 24, 2ØØ5 One birdspecies added: Pachyptila belcheri = 267ØØ. Mar 3Ø, 2ØØ5 One birdspecies added: Centropus superciliosus = 2671Ø. April Ø6, 2ØØ5 On behalf of Copenhagen about 11Ø species are added. April 27, 2ØØ5 A few birdspecies are added. Aug 05, 2ØØ5 A new Scheme added: Lebanon. Aug 06, 2ØØ5 Several improvements to the birdspecies-list. Thanks to Oskar Kenneth

Bjørnstad. Nov 23, 2ØØ5 Status (column 38), one coding added: - bird not full grown (one

‘hyphen’).


Jan 16, 2ØØ6 Three countries added: French Guiana GFØØ, Oman OMØØ and Suriname SRØØ.

Jun Ø2, 2ØØ6 One birdspecies added: Neochen jubata = 279ØØ. Jun 19, 2ØØ6 Accuracy of co-ordinates (column 76): three codings added (6, 7 and 9). Oct Ø3, 2ØØ6 A few birdspecies are added. Oct 24, 2ØØ6 An improvement to the birdspecies-list. Thanks to Olaf Runde. Nov 2Ø, 2ØØ6 In the field ‘Circumstances’ (column 78-79) code 2Ø is “hunted, trapped,

poisoned intentionally by man (NB: not shot). Not for reasons set out 21-26 below”. There was also a remark present: “All captures (=ringing data) and recaptures (caught and released)”. That remark is nonsense and now removed, because there is written “not for reasons set out 21-26 below”.

Nov 2Ø, 2ØØ6 In the field ‘Circumstances’ (column 78-79) in code 2Ø there is written “Not for reasons set out 21-26 below”. That is not correct because the codes 27, 28 and 29 are also used for ringing data (only 27), recoveries and recaptures. Therefore the remark “not for reasons set out 21-26 below” is change in “not for reasons set out 21-29 below”.

Nov 2Ø, 2ØØ6 In the field ‘’Manipulated” (column 3Ø) there was no code for unknown / unrecorded. Unknown is added now as ‘U’.

Nov 2Ø, 2ØØ6 In the field “Accuracy of pullus age” (column 43) there was no code for unknown / unrecorded. Unknown is added now as ‘U’.

Feb 21, 2ØØ7 Subspecies added to Somateria mollissima, Luscinia megarhynchos and Parus ater. One area-code added: Falklands Islands = FKØØ.

May 21, 2ØØ7 A new scheme is added: Jordan, Zarqa = JOZ. May 25, 2ØØ7 Pagenumbering updated in the list of contents. July 17, 2ØØ7 The collective ‘Central America’ is now mentioned in the field “Place

Code” (column 57-6Ø) with the concerning countries. The preferable coding has been changed from CAØØ to CA--.

Aug Ø8, 2ØØ7 Minor spelling update. Aug Ø9, 2ØØ7 Diagram added (page 6) to illustrate the EURING 2ØØØ code. Aug 13, 2ØØ7 A few birdspecies are added: 2799Ø Balearica regulorum, 27991

Balearica regulorum regulorum, 27992 Belearica regulorum gibbericeps, 3Ø6Ø1 Balearica pavonina pavonina, 3Ø6Ø2 Balearica pavonina ceciliae.

Sep 18, 2ØØ7 Montenegro and Serbia are independent countries now, so the Scheme YUB is now extinct and a new Scheme is introduced: RSB = Serbia, Belgrade. Accordingly, the country Yugoslavia (YU--) does not exist anymore. Two new countries are added: Montenegro (MEØØ) and Serbia (RSØØ).

Sep 24, 2ØØ7 The correct name of the country Serbia is: Republic of Serbia. Dec Ø4, 2ØØ7 Three species added: Anas erythrorhyncha (28ØØØ), Anumbius annumbi

(28Ø2Ø) and Francolinus erckelii (28Ø1Ø). Dec 17, 2ØØ7 Diagram for record structure (page 6) updated. Jan Ø8, 2ØØ8 Explanation in the field ‘Place Code’ is enlarged. Jan 23, 2ØØ8 A few codes for hybrids are added. Jan 24, 2ØØ8 Since January Ø1, 2ØØ7 Denmark is divided in five (5) new regions. Jan 29, 2ØØ8 Remarkable: the list with birdspecies in this codebook is present since the

year 1998 and yesterday evening I discovered a fault. Code Ø839Ø was written as “Merops persicus/superciliosus”. According to Voous and Vaurie this is improved.

Mar Ø4, 2ØØ8 Two subspecies added: Brachyramphus marmoratus marmoratus (Ø6411) and Brachyramphus marmoratus perdix (Ø6412).

Mar Ø5, 2ØØ8 Five subspecies added to the species Paradoxornis webbiana: P.w.w.


(137Ø1), P.w.suffusa (137Ø2), P.w.fulvicauda (137Ø3), P.w.mantschurica (137Ø4) and P.w.alphonsiana (137Ø5).

Mar 17, 2ØØ8 Sofia Scheme did send a new subdivision (valid since 1998) of their country.

Apr 21, 2ØØ8 A phrase is added, just at the beginning of the Place Code: “The purpose of the Place Code is solely to identify particular geographical areas in terms of current administrative regions. No political statements are implied by any of these codes”.

Two Place Codes are added: WBØØ: West Bank and GSØØ: Gaza Strip. May 21, 2ØØ8 A more specific subdivision of the Euring Species Code has been made

(Note 5 in the field Species and Subspecies). Mar 27, 2ØØ8 A species is added: Anas bernieri (28Ø3Ø), also known as Quelquedula

bernieri, Madagascar Teal, Bernier’s Teal. Jun Ø8, 2ØØ8 On request of the German Scheme Wilhelshaven (DEW) the area ‘DEGB

Braunschweig (incl. Hildesheim)’ is changed in ‘DEGB Braunschweig’. Oct 13, 2ØØ8 “Factors affecting recovery chances” added in “Replaced / Removed

Fields”. Note 6 added in “Species and Subspecies”. Oct 29, 2ØØ8 New Caledonia (NCØØ) is added to the field “Place Code”.


Foreword 3 Introduction 4 List of overall contents 5 List of actual fields 5 Replaces / removed fields 6 Actual fields of the code 7 – 128 Thanks 129 Appendix 1. List of bats 131 Appendix 2. World-list of sea-mammals. 132 Update information 135

Documents

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