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Double Reed Woodwinds
Double Reed Woodwinds
Presented by:Kara Hamm &Lane Bewley
Presented by:Kara Hamm &Lane Bewley
BassoonBassoon
A large double reed instrument with a lower sound than the other woodwind instruments
A large double reed instrument with a lower sound than the other woodwind instruments
The BeginningThe Beginning
Similar to the oboe First appeared in 1650 End of 1700’s; had 4-8 keys Heckel family of Germany
improved fingering and tone Heckel company is leading
bassoon manufacturer
Similar to the oboe First appeared in 1650 End of 1700’s; had 4-8 keys Heckel family of Germany
improved fingering and tone Heckel company is leading
bassoon manufacturer
The BasicsThe Basics
Bass member of double reeded woodwinds
Did you know…the Italian name for bassoon is “fagotto” meaning “bundle of sticks.”
Most people do not begin on bassoon because of the difficult fingerings. Having large hands helps.
Bass member of double reeded woodwinds
Did you know…the Italian name for bassoon is “fagotto” meaning “bundle of sticks.”
Most people do not begin on bassoon because of the difficult fingerings. Having large hands helps.
Basic InformationBasic Information
The bassoon is pitched in Concert “C” Therefore, no transposition is required.
Music for the bassoon is notated in the bass and tenor clefs.
Normal range: 3 octaves from B-flat 1 to E-flat 5.
The bassoon is pitched in Concert “C” Therefore, no transposition is required.
Music for the bassoon is notated in the bass and tenor clefs.
Normal range: 3 octaves from B-flat 1 to E-flat 5.
ConstructionConstruction
Tube of bassoon is 2.79 meters long, and is bent to make a height of 1.22 meters
Consists of a metal crook, or bocal, which fits into the bassoon
The reed is placed on the bocal The bocal is a metal tube about 13-1/2
inches long
Tube of bassoon is 2.79 meters long, and is bent to make a height of 1.22 meters
Consists of a metal crook, or bocal, which fits into the bassoon
The reed is placed on the bocal The bocal is a metal tube about 13-1/2
inches long
Construction (continued)Construction (continued)
Reeds are made out of cane. Most bassoons are made from
maple wood or rosewood Some models are now made of
ebonite
Reeds are made out of cane. Most bassoons are made from
maple wood or rosewood Some models are now made of
ebonite
Sound ProductionSound Production
Player blows air between the reeds Vibrating air inside instrument
travels over 9 feet to the bottom of the instrument then back to the top where the sound comes out.
Each note played has peak intensity of 500 hz
Player blows air between the reeds Vibrating air inside instrument
travels over 9 feet to the bottom of the instrument then back to the top where the sound comes out.
Each note played has peak intensity of 500 hz
Sound Production (cont.)Sound Production (cont.)
Highest range: throaty Middle range: large, full, and
mellow Lowest range: powerful and heavy
Highest range: throaty Middle range: large, full, and
mellow Lowest range: powerful and heavy
ContrabassoonContrabassoon
Sounds lower and is about two times longer than the bassoon
Because of unusual appearance, it is sometimes called the “clown of the orchestra”
Sounds lower and is about two times longer than the bassoon
Because of unusual appearance, it is sometimes called the “clown of the orchestra”
History of ContrabassoonHistory of Contrabassoon
Made in 1739 constructed same as
bassoon, but more compact because of folded tubes
Early models had holes which could be stopped with pegs to change the key of the instrument
Made in 1739 constructed same as
bassoon, but more compact because of folded tubes
Early models had holes which could be stopped with pegs to change the key of the instrument
Types of BassoonsTypes of Bassoons
Sarrusaphone: double bass instrument of woodwind section which was made of brass and wood and was created by Sarrus, they are most commonly seen in wind ensemble and concert band.
Tenoroon: smaller than the bassoon and it sounds a perfect fifth higher than bassoon and it appeared during the nineteenth century.
Sarrusaphone: double bass instrument of woodwind section which was made of brass and wood and was created by Sarrus, they are most commonly seen in wind ensemble and concert band.
Tenoroon: smaller than the bassoon and it sounds a perfect fifth higher than bassoon and it appeared during the nineteenth century.
Suggested Resources and Works Cited
Suggested Resources and Works Cited
http://www.apassion4jazz.net http://www.dsokids.com http://www.mathcs.duq.edu http://library.thinkquest.org http://www.bassoon.pe.kr http://www.philharmonia.co.uk/the
soundexchange
http://www.apassion4jazz.net http://www.dsokids.com http://www.mathcs.duq.edu http://library.thinkquest.org http://www.bassoon.pe.kr http://www.philharmonia.co.uk/the
soundexchange
History of the Oboe FamilyHistory of the Oboe Family
First reed instrument by Egyptians: pressed barley straws in pipe with 3 to 4 holes
12th century: shawm developed-brought to Europe from the East during the Crusades
First reed instrument by Egyptians: pressed barley straws in pipe with 3 to 4 holes
12th century: shawm developed-brought to Europe from the East during the Crusades
History (continued)History (continued)
17th century Oboe invented by Michel Philidor and
Jean Hotteterre Used in court of Louis XVI Original name was hautbois meaning
“high-wood” Gradual modifications brought oboe
to what it is today
17th century Oboe invented by Michel Philidor and
Jean Hotteterre Used in court of Louis XVI Original name was hautbois meaning
“high-wood” Gradual modifications brought oboe
to what it is today
TypesTypes
There are four members of the oboe family which cover the soprano, alto, tenor, and bass ranges. Each of these are notated in the treble clef. Oboes usually play melody lines and are great for playing staccato melodies.
There are four members of the oboe family which cover the soprano, alto, tenor, and bass ranges. Each of these are notated in the treble clef. Oboes usually play melody lines and are great for playing staccato melodies.
OboeOboe
Covers soprano range
Pitched in C Timbre is focused
and penetrating Plays tuning role
in orchestra
Covers soprano range
Pitched in C Timbre is focused
and penetrating Plays tuning role
in orchestra
Construction of OboeConstruction of Oboe
1 foot and 11.5 inches without reed Usually made of grenadilla or African
Blackwood Sterling-silver or nickel plated keys Upper joint, lower joint, bell Reed made of blades of cane; sits at top;
connected with a cork Narrow conical bore, the hole running
through the middle, that gets wider towards the bell
1 foot and 11.5 inches without reed Usually made of grenadilla or African
Blackwood Sterling-silver or nickel plated keys Upper joint, lower joint, bell Reed made of blades of cane; sits at top;
connected with a cork Narrow conical bore, the hole running
through the middle, that gets wider towards the bell
English HornEnglish Horn
Second most common double-reed Tenor version Pitched in F Timbre is more mysterious and
sorrowful Common for 2nd oboist to switch
between English horn and oboe
Second most common double-reed Tenor version Pitched in F Timbre is more mysterious and
sorrowful Common for 2nd oboist to switch
between English horn and oboe
Construction of English Horn
Construction of English Horn
Larger than oboe 2 feet and 7.5 inches
without bocal Upper joint, lower
joint, and onion shaped bell
Uses bocal, a thin, metal, curved pipe to which the reed is attached
Larger than oboe 2 feet and 7.5 inches
without bocal Upper joint, lower
joint, and onion shaped bell
Uses bocal, a thin, metal, curved pipe to which the reed is attached
Oboe D’amoreOboe D’amore
Pitched in A Sounds muted
and sweet Alto range Looks like small
English horn; constructed like English horn
Pitched in A Sounds muted
and sweet Alto range Looks like small
English horn; constructed like English horn
Bass OboeBass Oboe
Pitched in C, but plays one octave lower than written
Timbre is murky and atmospheric
Rarely used today Bocal is more
drastically curved
Pitched in C, but plays one octave lower than written
Timbre is murky and atmospheric
Rarely used today Bocal is more
drastically curved
Sound ProductionSound Production
-Double reed goes between lips and is blown-Reeds vibrate against each other causing
bursts of energy to enter the air column, which then causes the air column to vibrate
-Pitch is determined by key hole the air escapes
-The longer the air is in the tube, the slower the vibrations become resulting in a lower pitch.
-Double reed goes between lips and is blown-Reeds vibrate against each other causing
bursts of energy to enter the air column, which then causes the air column to vibrate
-Pitch is determined by key hole the air escapes
-The longer the air is in the tube, the slower the vibrations become resulting in a lower pitch.
For the BeginnerFor the Beginner
The recorder-a great tool for breath control, finger agility, and reading musical notation
Oboes are heavy and very expensive. Cheaper plastic versions are available but do not last long.
The recorder-a great tool for breath control, finger agility, and reading musical notation
Oboes are heavy and very expensive. Cheaper plastic versions are available but do not last long.
Motivating ResourcesMotivating Resources
http://www.musicked.com
Disney Greats books
http://www.musicked.com
Disney Greats books
Works Cited & Suggested Resources
Works Cited & Suggested Resources
http://www.wisegeek.com http://www.oboespace.com http://www.vsl.co.at http://www.mathcs.duq.edu http://www.musicked.com http://www.stagepass.com http://www.bbc.co.uk
http://www.wisegeek.com http://www.oboespace.com http://www.vsl.co.at http://www.mathcs.duq.edu http://www.musicked.com http://www.stagepass.com http://www.bbc.co.uk
Works Cited (continued)Works Cited (continued)
http://www.oboe.20m.com http://www.philharmonia.co.uk/
thesoundexchange http://www.music.iastate.edu http://www.orchestralibrary.com http://www.elatril.com http://www.scaper.com
http://www.oboe.20m.com http://www.philharmonia.co.uk/
thesoundexchange http://www.music.iastate.edu http://www.orchestralibrary.com http://www.elatril.com http://www.scaper.com
…More Resources…More Resources
http://www.dsokids.com http://www.webreeds.com http://www.youtube.com
http://www.dsokids.com http://www.webreeds.com http://www.youtube.com