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January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 1
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
Submission Title: [WiBEEM (Wireless Beacon-enabled Energy Efficient Mesh network) technology for BAN and U-City Core Services]
Date Submitted: [January 17, 2007]Source: [Ho-In Jeon (1) and Jin-Seok Bae (2)] Company: [(1) Dept. Electronic Engineering, Kyung-Won University (KWU), (2) Korean Agency for
Technology and Standards (KATS)] Address: [San 65, Bok-Jung-Dong, Sung-Nam-Shi, Kyung-Gi-Do, Republic of Korea] Voice 1: [ +82-31-753-2533], Voice 2:[ +82-10-4708-5328] FAX: [+82-31-753-2532], E-Mail: [[email protected]]Re: [This work has been supported by KATS.] Abstract: [This document proposes a Mesh Network Architecture that can be used for WBAN (Wireless Body Area Network) applications. The proposed technology is called WiBEEM providing beacon-enabled mesh network and thus reduces power consumption. The WiBEEM technology can be used not inly for WBAN not also many core services that U-Cities want to provide.]Purpose: [Technical Contributions on the IEEE 802.15 SG-WBAN Standard]Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 2
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
WiBEEM Technology forBAN (Body Area Network)and U-City Core Services
Ho-In Jeon (1) and Jin-Seok Bae (2)
(1) Kyung-Won University, and
(2) KATS (Korea Agency for Technology and Standards)
Republic of Korea
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 3
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Contents• Introduction to U-City and U-City Core Services• Ubiquitous Networking Technologies for U-City Services• Bluetooth, IEEE 802.15.4 Low Rate WPAN, and ZigBee • WiBEEM Technology: The one of the best architectures
for WBAN and U-City Core Services– New MAC with Multiple Beacons in One Superframe and
Beacon Scheduling for Power Saving
– NAA-based Addressing Mode for Efficient Address Space
– Device Mobility Supported.
– WiBEEM Fast Routing Supported.
• Conclusions
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 4
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Goals of U-City
• Based on U-IT Technologies that can provide the following features:– Always Connected
– Broadband Network
– Every Device in One Network
• Construction of – Integrated, Taylored,
– Intelligent, Context-Aware, and thus
– Innovative City
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 5
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
3 Keywords of Ubiquitous Networking• Always Connected
– Shall support roaming and fast handoff.– Shall support mobility and ad-hoc networking.– Shall support seamless connections.– Shall support real-time discovery and control of devices.– Shall support barrier-free interfaces.
• Broadband Network– Shall support QoS to some level.– Shall support A/V streaming for VOD.
• Every Device in one Network– Shall support IPv6 for high-end devices.– Shall support USN (Ubiquitous Sensor Networks).– Shall support possible applications for RFID Tags
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 6
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
U-City Core Services • U-Public Services
• U-Governance Service
• U-Environment Management Services
• U-Facility Management Services (Underground as well)
• U-Disaster Protection
• U-ITS Service
• U-Telematics Service
• U-Healthcare Service
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 7
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
U-City Additional Services • U-Healthcare Service
• VoD and U-Education
• Home Viewer Service
• Home Appliances and Lights Control
• Elevator Call Service
• AMR Service
• Gas Valve Shut Down
• Guest / Intruder Control
• VoIP Service
• Wireless Internet Service
• Telematics Service with Car Remote Ignition
• U-Parking Lot Service
• Kids and Patients Care
• Senile Dementia Control
• Digital Hospital with HL7
• Theme Park Management
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 8
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Technologies and Infrastructure for U-City
• Transport Layer: BcN, IPv6, MPLS
• Broadcasting: D-TV, T-DMB, S-DMB
• Wired Access Network: xDSL / FTTx / HFC
• Wireless Access: IS-95C, CDMA 2000-1x, IMT-2000, 4G, MBWA, WiBro/WiMax, HSDPA, HSUDA
• Local Area Network: Ethernet
• WLAN: IEEE 802.11a, b, g, n, e, f, i, n, r, s, u, v, w, y
• WPAN: WiBEEM, WiMedia, 802.15.4 + ZigBee, 4a, 5
• Terminal Interface: WWAN, RFID, IPv6
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 9
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Evolution Roadmap of Cellular Tech.1995 2005 2010
CDMA(IS-95A)
14.4 Kbps
CDMA(IS-95B)56 Kbps
GSM10 Kbps
PDC28.8 Kbps
CDMA2000-1X144 Kbps
CDMA2000-1XEV-DO Rev.0
(2.4 M/153K)bps
CDMA2000-1XEV-DO Rev.A(3.1/1.8)Mbps
CDMA2000-1XEV-DO Rev.BN × 3.1 Mbps
2 G 3 G 3.5 G
GPRS144 Kbps
EDGE474 Kbps
WCDMARelease 3
(2.3/2.3) M
WCDMARelease 5
(14.4/2.3) M
WCDMARelease 6
(14.4/5.8) M
WCDMARelease 7/830 ~ 100 M
4G
(HSDPA) (HSUPA)
1 GAMPS
Sync.(NA)
Async.(EU)
2000 2007
CDMA2000-1XEV-DV
(3.1/1.8)Mbps
2.5 G
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 10
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Evolutions of WWAN Technologies
Internet Tech.
4GOr Wired/Wireless
ConvergedNetwork
2G/2.5G 3G 3.5G
2000 2005 2010 and Later
GSM/cdmaOne W-CDMA/cdma-2000
HSDPA
WirelessAccess
Ethernet
WLAN
WiBroWLL
IEEE 802.3
IEEE 802.11
IEEE 802.16e
t
Moving Speed
Cellular Tech.
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 11
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Some Service
Scenarios with
WiBEEM
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 12
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
U-Healthcare Service Scenario
Hospital
U-Healthcare CenterInternet
RG(AP)
8. Emergency Service
CellularPhone
WirelessInternet
10. Provision of Contents Subscribed
1. Subscription of U-Healthcare Service
2. Data Collection3. Emergency Alert
4. Transmit the Collected Data
7. Call the Emergency Service
9. Periodic Monitoring
Home
5. Store Data
6. Analyze the Data
2. Data Collection3. Emergency Alert
4. Transmit the Collected Data
WiBEEM
WiBEEM WWAN
FTTH
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 13
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
U-Healthcare Services and U-Terminal• U-Terminal• U-Healthcare Watch
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 14
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
U-Healthcare System Configuration
WiBEEMModule
Residential Gateway
WiBEEMModule
WiBEEMModule Interne
tInterne
t
BaseStation
U-Terminal
IDC Serverfor CDSS
Transfer the sensed bio-data from the healthcare watch to IDC
Algorithm for Analyzing
Health Data
Transmission of Analyzed Health
Status to the User
2 Km
< 20 m
HealthcareWatch
< 20 m
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 15
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
U-Healthcare Service Modules
WiBEEMRF Chip
CPU(ARM9
orAtmelAVR128)
CDMA(or GSM)Module
GPSModule
U-Terminal
Sensor1 WiBEEMRF Chip
CPU(AtmelAVR128)
WiBEEM Module withSensors or Devices
ROMDevice1
RAM
ROM
LCD
LCDController
Touch Padand
Controller
RAM
RTC
Sensor2
Sensorn
Devicen
DSP(VoIP)
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 16
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
U-Home with WiBEEM Technology
DCam.
PVR
VPhone
DTV
DAMHS/
MMRG
InternetFTTH
DTV
PVR
VPhone
Refrig.
DCam.
PC
DTV
STB
PDA
LivingRoom
Room #1
Room#3
Room #2
Kitchen
DoorPhone
WaterMeter
GasMeter
WiBEEM
Oven
Cable, Satellite, Terrestrial
PC
AP or PNC
: WiBEEM
PDA DCam.
Printer
PC
PDARoom
#4
DTV
PowerMeter
Meter Reader
Phone Jack
Gas Oven
MicrowaveOven
DSLAM
Phone Jack
Bath-room
UtilityRoom
WiBEEMMPC
ONU
VDSLMODEM
: IEEE1394
Washer
WiBEEM
WiBEEM
WiBEEM WiBEEM
WiBEEM
WiBEEM
WiBEEMWiBEEM
WiBEEM
WiBEEM
WiBEEM
Association Point
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 17
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
U-Parking Lot Service with WiBEEM
Basement 2
Basement 4
U-Parking LotController
WiBEEM Gateway
U-CityControlCenter
Wired NetworkWireless Mesh
WiBEEM MRC
WiBEEM Sensor NodeAssoc. Relation
WiBEEM Gatewaywith/without
Gate Controller
Basement 3
Internet
Internet
U-ParkingLot Server
WiBEEM
WiBEEM
WiBEEM
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 18
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
• One MPC will take care of all the MRD’s, the sensor nodes as well as moving cars with U-terminal.
• The gate controller functioning as the Gateway could be the best position of MPC.
• Association point seems to be always the same.– The MPC appears to be the best Association point for all the
incoming cars.
– The PNC could be the best short address assigner.
• The limitation of the maximum number of children for any router of the wireless network may seriously limit the applicability of the protocol.
Characteristics of U-Parking Lot Service (1/2)
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 19
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
• Devices are moving fast! (at least 30 Km/h)– Reassociation should be avoided due to the fact that there can
be heavy unnecessary association request traffic.– The network address shall be the same for any position.
• Traffic Directions– Every traffic from both sensor nodes and the mobile terminal is
toward the MPC. – The delivery of the traffic from the MPC to the incoming cars
requires fast routing using the RREP type of AODV-like simplified reactive routing algorithm is required and possible.
– No need to send RREQ by MPC, rather RREP sent directly by the moving cars.
• Disassociation request before leaving the network will be very important for address space reusability.
Characteristics of U-Parking Lot Service (2/2)
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 20
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Telematics Service
Satellite
WiBEEM
Telematics
WiBro
Home Network
Satellite DMB
• U-Terminal Interfaced with Car ECU through WiBEEM
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 21
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
U-ITS Service
U-City Control Center
Interne
t
Interne
t
U-Terminal
WiBEEM MRC
Traffic Controllerwith WiBEEM Module
(WiBEEM Gateway)
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 22
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
U-Gas Station Service
GasStationOffice
MPC
GasPump
Mesh Mesh
Mesh Mesh Mesh
GasPump
Mesh
GasPump
Mesh Mesh
INAssociationPoint
DisassociationPoint
OUT
GasPump
GasPump
GasPump
GasPump
GasPump
Internet
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 23
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
U-Restaurant Service
RestaurantOffice
MPC
INAssociationPoint
DisassociationPoint
OUT
Table 1
WiBEEM
Internet
Table 2
WiBEEM
Table 5
WiBEEM
Table 8
WiBEEM
Table 7
WiBEEM
Table 6
WiBEEM
Table 3
WiBEEM
Table 4
WiBEEM
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 24
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
• One MPC at the restaurant office will take care of all the MRDs, the sensor nodes and U-terminals.
• The restaurant office could be the best position of MPC with MEU Gateway functionality.
• The U-Payment service shall also be available.• The characteristics of the U-Restaurant service is almost
same as the U-Gas Station service, while it can be a very dense mode environment.
Characteristics of U-Restaurant Services
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 25
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
U-Tourism/Cultural
MuseumMonariza Historical Tower
U-Terminal U-City Control CenterWWAN
WiBEEM
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 26
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Dense Mode in a Subway Station
R
R
R
MPCR
15 R
R
R
RR
R2
R 1
14
R
R
R
R
R
R5
4
3
R
R
R
R
R R
R8
7
6
R
R
R
R
R12
9
10
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
13
11
R
R
R
R
R
R
RF Range
R
R
R
R
RR R
R
R
R
RR
RR
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 27
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
• Dense mode means that there are a lot of nodes within
the RF range of each other.
• If there are limitations of maximum number of children
that can associate, there may be a ridiculous tree
topology for the tree routing.
• Unnecessary routing will also be needed even if the
blue routable device (node 13) may directly want to
send his data to the MPC device.
Characteristics of Dense Mode
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 28
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Environment Management with Mesh
• A scenario in which the device 1 wishes to send its sensed data to device N which is the sensor gateway located 20 Km apart.
• Assumptions– The RF range of each device is assumed to be 20m.
– Multi-hop topology has been used for the propagation of data
– Each device is assumed to use beacon to reduce power consumption.
N N-1 N-2 N-3 2 01
20 Km
Sensor Gateway U-CityManagement
Center
Sensor Nodes
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 29
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Fundamental Philosophies for U-City• Adopt as many standardized technologies as possible.• Apply minimum number of technologies.• Minimize the number of terminals to be used.• Provide maximum number of services.• Guarantee the Interoperability for different services in
the U-City• Guarantee the Interoperability for different/Similar
services in different U-Cities.
• One of the solutions could be WiBEEM technology and Broadband WWAN.
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 30
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
• Mesh Networking Capabilities with very Low Power Consumptions: Multiple Beacons in BOP with Beacon Scheduling
• Fast Mobility Support of New Devices: RREP
• Single Association Point without Limitation on the Maximum Number of Children: Efficient Address Allocation with NAA
• Fast Association of New Device with Dynamic Topology
• Fast Routing: RREP-like packet transmitted by the mobile device
• Fast Device and Service Discovery: NAA
• Disassociation Notifications for Address Space Reusability
• QoS Support: Needs more research
• Apply WiBEEM technology to all the services!!!
WiBEEM: the Solution for These Issues
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 31
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Bluetooth
Technology
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 32
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Bluetooth V1.1 = IEEE 802.15.1• Forget Plug and Play - Just Play
• 723.2Kbps (Async) (v1.1)
• 3 Mbps (v2.0 EDR)
• 2.4GHz ISM band
• 3 Voice Channels
• 8 Participants in a Piconet
• Crucial component for the wireless world!
• Simple Cable Replacement
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 33
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Slave 1
Piconet and Scatternet of Bluetooth
Master
Slave 2
Slave 3
Slave 1
Master
Slave 2 Slave 3
Slave 5
Slave 4
Bluetooth Piconet: BT1.1(Most Bluetooth devices are BT1.1
compliant, and only 8 active nodes can participate in wireless communications.)
Bluetooth Scatternet: BT1.2(Being defined in BT1.2, but not stabilized yet, and only CSR has
announced the basic functionality.)
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 34
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Fundamentals of Bluetooth Technology• Long Association Time: 3 seconds
– Scanning the whole channel take a long time.
– Mobility cannot be supported.
– The FHS (Frequency Hopping Sequence) must be downloaded.
• Bandwidth vs. Data Rate– 723.2 Kbps using 83.5 MHz Band
– Data conflicts with 1/79 whenever new PAN joins the network.
• Limited Number of Active Participants: 8– Limits the applicability drastically.
• Scatternet is not supported yet.– Network Expandability problem.
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 35
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Bluetooth ProfilesGeneric Access Profile
Service DiscoveryApplication Profile
TCS-BIN-based Profiles
Cordless PhoneProfile
Intercom Profile
Serial Port Profile
Generic Object ExchangeProfile
File Transfer Profile
Object Push Profile
Synchronization Profile
Dial-up Networking Profile
Fax Profile
Headset Profile
LAN Access Profile
Car Profile
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 36
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
ZigBee over
IEEE 802.15.4
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 37
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Superframe Structure of 802.15.4
1514131211109876543210
GTS #1
GTS#2
BeaconCAP CFP
Inactive
Beacon
SD (Superframe Duration)
SD = aBaseSuperframeDuration * 2SO [symbols] = 960 * 2SO [symbols] = 15.36 * 2SO [msec]
SlotD = aBaseSlotDuration × 2SO [symbols] = 60 × 2SO [symbols] = 0.96 × 2SO [msec]
BI (Beacon Interval) = aBaseSuperframeDuration * 2BO [symbols] = 960 * 2BO [symbols] = 15.36 * 2BO [msec]
SlotD (Slot Duration)
210
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 38
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
ZigBee over 802.15.4 Protocol Stack
Physical (PHY) Layer
Medium Access Control (MAC) Layer
Network (NWK) Layer
Application Support Sublayer (APS)
APS Message
Broker
ApplicationObject 1…
Application (APL) Layer
ZigBee Device Object (ZDO)
NLDE-SAP
MLDE-SAP
PD-SAP
2.4 GHz Radio 868/915 MHz Radio
MLME-SAP
Application Framework
Device Management
Security Management
Binding Management
Network Management
ApplicationObject 240
ZD
O P
ublic
In
terf
aces
Endpoint 240APSDE-SAP
Endpoint 1APSDE-SAP
Endpoint 0APSDE-SAP
APS Security
Management
Reflector Management
Discovery
Management
NWK Security Management
Network Message Broker
Routing Management
Network Management
PLME-SAP
Security
Service
Provider
ZD
O M
anag
emen
t P
lan
e
AP
SME
-SA
P-
NL
ME
-SA
P
IEEE 802.15.4
ZigBeeAlliance
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 39
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Mesh of ZB Works at Non-Beacon Mode525
71
15
121
171
130
355
361
210
200
220
230
191
185
241
017
21
304
0
50
60
• All the intermediate nodes have to be awake all the time.– There is no synchronization mechanism for wake up.– The router devices wastes battery very fast.– It has been reported that 2 AA batteries last only 3 hours.
ZBC
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 40
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Beacon Scheduling in ZigBee
: Beacon : CAP
Parent
ChildBeacon Tracking
Beacon Tx OffsetGrandChild
GrandGrandChild
Beacon Tx Offset
• Beacon scheduling in ZigBee can be applied only for low duty cycle, e.g., 1%.
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 41
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Problems of Beacon Scheduling in ZigBee
Depth = 4, Data Transfer Path: 5 → 4 → 3 → 2 → 1: Beacon
: CAP
1
2
3
4
5
Data Transferfrom 5 to 4
• Serious Propagation Delay with the Increasing Depth– The delay is computed to be (n – 1) × Superframe Length
Data Transferfrom 4 to 3
Data Transferfrom 3 to 2
Data Transferfrom 2 to 1
Superframe #1 Superframe #2 Superframe #3 Superframe #4
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 42
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
• Hierarchical block addressing for Tree Routing.• The tree topology is specified by three parameters:
– Lm = Maximum Tree Depth.
– Cm = Maximum Number of Children per Node
– Rm = Maximum Number of Routable Devices
• Total size of Address Block allocated to the tree:
• Size of the block allocated to a child at level Li+1:
Basic Parameters for Addressing in ZBA
1 + Cm – Rm – Cm × Rm
1 – Rm
Cskip(d) =Lm – d – 1
1 – Cm
1 – Cm
Bsize =Lm + 1
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 43
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Logical Address Block AssignmentCm = 4, Rm = 3, Lm = 352
5
71
15
121
171
130
355
361
210
200
220
230
191
185
241
017
An = Aparent + Cskip(d) × Rm + n is the address of the end device when it associates at the nth order.
1 + Cm – Rm – Cm × Rm
1 – Rm
Cskip(d) =
Lm – d – 1
21
304
0
50
60
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 44
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Limitations of ZigBee Hierarchical Addressing• It wastes the address
space too quickly.• It limits the network
expandability.• It does not provide
device mobility due to the limitation of the maximum number of children that can associate.
• Some devices cannot allow new devices to associate.
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
깊이
주소
할당
개수
ZigBee(2, 2)ZigBee(3, 2)ZigBee(4, 2)ZigBee(3, 3)ZigBee(4, 3)ZigBee(5, 3)
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
깊이
주소
할당
개수 ZigBee(4, 4)
ZigBee(5, 4)ZigBee(6, 4)ZigBee(5, 5)ZigBee(6, 5)ZigBee(7, 5)
Depth
Depth Nu
mb
er o
f A
dd
ress
es A
lloc
ated
N
um
ber
of
Ad
dre
sses
A
lloc
ated
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 45
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
HiLow: Hierarchical Routing for 6LoWPAN • Address Assignment:
– MC : Maximum Number of Children – AP : Parent’s Address – N : The number of children that the
current parent has.– C : The address of the new node.
1 NAPMCC MCACAP /)1( • Route Computation
– AP : Parent’s Address
– AC : Current Node’s Address
– MC : Maximum Number of Children
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 46
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Limitations of HiLow Routing• It wastes the address space too quickly.
• It limits the network expandability, and thus applicability.
• It does not provide device mobility due to the limitation of the maximum number of children that can associate.
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 11 12 13 14 15 16
깊이
할당
주소
개수
MC = 2MC = 3MC = 4MC = 5MC = 6MC = 7
Depth
Nu
mb
er o
f A
dd
ress
es
All
ocat
ed
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 47
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Adaptive Block Addressing of 802.15.5• Stage 1: Association• Stage 2: Children number
collection
• Stage 3: Address assignment– An adaptive tree (AT) is
formed.
– Additional addresses are reserved.
A
B J
ED
C
I
H K
L OG
[0]F M N
[0][0]
[0]
[0][0]
[0]
[1]
[children#][children#]=[8][6]
[5][5][2]
[1][2][1]
[1]
[3][1]
[1][1]
resv’ed: [beg,end]=[0,9000]branch1: [beg,end]=[9001,41000]branch2: [beg,end]=[41001,65000]
[9001,13000][13001,33000][33001,41000]
[41001,45000][45001,65000]
[13001,17000][17001,21000][21001,29000][29001,33000]
[33001,37000][37001,41000]
[45001,49000][49001,61000][61001,65000]
[21001,25000][25001,29000]
[49001,53000][53001,57000][57001,61000]
[17001,21000]
[25001,29000][53001,57000]
[57001,61000]
[61001,65000][37001,41000]
[29001,33000]
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 48
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
WiBEEM Protocol
for WBAN and
U-City Core Services
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 49
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Overview of the WiBEEM Specification
• Features of WiBEEM – Consumes very low power– Ease of installation– Reliable data transfer
from 250 Kbps to 4 Mbps– 1-hop comm. within 30 m
and expandable to several kilometers via Mesh.
– Mesh topology for beacon-enabled sensor networks
– Extremely low-cost– A very long battery life– A simple and flexible
protocol
• Target market– U-Healthcare– Information Infrastructure
for Digital Hospital– WBAN (Body Area Network)– U-Home Networking– Automatic Meter Reading– Universal Remote Controller– Automotive Networks– Industrial Networks– Facility Management of a City– Sensor Network– Audio/Video capable
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 50
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
WiBEEM Protocol Stack
Higher Layer
WiBEEM NWK Layer
WiBEEM MAC Layer
WiBEEM Physical (PHY) Layer
SecurityNetwork
Message BrokerRouting
Management
2.4 GHzRadio (Ch.1)
NLDE-SAP NLME-SAP
MLME-SAP
PLME-SAPPLDE-SAP
MLDE-SAP
NetworkManagement
2.4 GHzRadio (Ch.2)
2.4 GHzRadio (Ch.3)
2.4 GHzRadio (Ch.16)
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 51
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
PHY Overview of the WiBEEM • Data Rate
– Minimum 250 Kbps when just one channel is used.– Maximum 4 Mbps for Isochronous Data using 16 channels
• Channels– Max 16, Min 1 channel in the 2.4GHz ISM band– ACA (Adaptive Channel Aggregation) concept is used.
• Modulation– O-QPSK at 2.4GHz
• Coexistence with– 802.11b DSSS and 802.11g OFDM of WLAN– 802.15.1 FHSS of Bluetooth– 802.15.3 DSSS of High-Rate WPAN– 802.15.4 O-QPSK of Low-Rate WPAN
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 52
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
PPDU: 133 Bytes
PreambleSequence
Start ofFrame
Delimiter
FrameLength
MPDU (MAC Protocol Data Unit)
Octets: 4 1 1
SHR (Synchronization Header)
PHR ( PHYHeader )
PSDU (PHY Service Data Unit)
PPDU (PHY Protocol Data Unit)
8 to 127
• Bigger PPDU size would be preferable.– Large file synchronizations.– PACS applications in the hospital
• Data contention and delay may cause some problems.
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 53
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
MAC Overview of the WiBEEM • Multiple Beacons in one Superframe • Low Power Consumption due to the Perfect Synchroni-
zation all over the Network by using Beacon Scheduling• Dynamic Channel Selection• Network Topology
– Star Topology– P2P Topology– Cluster-tree Network Topology– Mesh Topology for Beacon as well as Beaconless Network
• 65,536 = 216 devices per MPID (Mesh Piconet ID)• Data Security Support with AES-128 Security
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 54
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
WiBEEM MAC Services• MAC Data Service
• MAC Management Service
• Beacon Management
• Channel Access based on CSMA/CA
• CFP Management
• Frame Validation
• Acknowledged Frame Delivery
• Association/Disassociation
• Data aggregation from multiple PHYs
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 55
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
WiBEEM Superframe Structure
BOP
1514131211109876543210
CAP CFP DSP
Beacon #1
SD (Superframe Duration)
BI (Beacon Interval)
BOPL
BOPL = BTTSL × maxBeaconNumber [symbols]
SD = aBaseSuperframeDuration × 2SO [symbols]
= 960 × 2SO [symbols]
BI = aBaseSuperframeDuration × 2BO [symbols] = 960 × 2BO [symbols]
Beacon #1
Beacon #2
Beacon #n
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 56
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Beacon Frame Format and Payload
FrameControl
BeaconSequenceNumber
Source Address
Information
SuperframeSpecification
CFPFields
PendingAddress
Field
BeaconPayload
FCS
1 4/10 2 k m Variable 2
MHR (MAC Header) MSDU (MAC Service Data Unit) MFR(MAC Footer)
Bits : 0-3
BeaconOrder
4-7
SuperframeOrder
8-11
FinalCAPSlot
12
Battery lifeExtension
13
Reserved
14
PANCoordinator
15
AssociationPermit
Octets: 2
1Octets: 1
BOPL
1
My BTTS(BeaconTxTimeSlot)
1
Depth
2
NAA
2
ChildShort
Address
2
ParentShort
Address
1
HOPCount
1
ChildDeviceType
1
MyProfile
ID
1
BTTSL
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 57
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
CFP Fields• WiBEEM allows only 1 CFP.
Octets : 1 0/1 3
CFPSpecification
CFPDirections
CFPList
Bits : 0 1-6 7
CFPDescriptor
CountReserved
CFPPermit
Bits : 0-6 7
CFPDirections
MaskReserved
Bits : 0-15 16-19 20-23
DeviceShort
Address
CFPStarting
Slot
CFPLength
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 58
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Pending Address Field
• WiBEEM allows 7 pending addresses.
Octets : 1 variable
PendingAddress
Specification
Addresslist
Bits : 0-2 3
Number ofShort Address
PendingReserved
4-6 7
MAX Size ofShort Address
PendingReserved
Octets : 2
ShortAddress
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 59
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
MAC Commands
Command Identifier Command name
0x01 Association request
0x02 Association response
0x03 Disassociation notification
0x04 Data request
0x05 PAN ID conflict notification
0x06 Orphan notification
0x07 Beacon request
0x08 Coordinator realignment
0x09 CFP request
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 60
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Operating Principles of WiBEEM Devices
• Devices are associated sequentially, one by one.• The relation between parent and children are
characterized by association request and response.– My parent and children are my neighbors.
– All devices I can hear are my neighbors.
• When an association request is granted by multiple nodes, the new node decides to associate with the node which has the lowest depth.
• When depth information is the same, he decides to associate with the node which transmits his beacon earlier than others.
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 61
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Assoc. and Direct Links Relations
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
• Blue line: Association relations between parent and child• Red Line: Direct Communication Capable• Association Policy
– New nodes are trying to get associated with the node which is as close to the PNC and possible.
– So, a device with lower depth is the highest priority.
PNC
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 62
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Association Policy• New nodes are trying to get associated with the node which is
as close to the PNC and possible. • So, a device with lower depth is the highest priority..• If RSSI is not high enough for reliable communications, then
it can choose other node as its parent.• When an association request is granted by multiple nodes, the
new node decides to associate with the node which has the lowest depth.
• When depth information is the same, he decides to associate with the node which transmits his beacon earlier than others.
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 63
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Assoc. and Direct Links Relations
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
PNC
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
PNC
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
PNC
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 64
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Beacon Scheduling ConceptNode 17
Neighbor Nodes 11,13,14,16
Neighbor'sNeighbor Nodes
2, 5, 9, 12
Depth 3
Beacon TimeSlots to Avoid
1, 2, 3, 4,5, 7, 9, 10
My BTTS 61
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
MPC 10
11
12
13
14 16
17
15
CFP
1 2 3
BOP CAP
4 5 6 7
10 11
8 9
12
10
14 15
16 17
Deep Sleep1 2
10
16
BOP
13
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 65
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
39
38
37
21
2223
24
25
2627
28
29
30
31
32
3335
36
34
20
19
18
1
2
34
5
6
7
8
9
MPC 10
11
12
13
14 1617
15
40
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
13
11
6
12
9
9
14
11
8
10
10
11
15 5
12
5
16
11 6
9
13
13
7
7
8
7
12
10
15
14
Beacon Scheduling for 40 Nodes
CFPCAP Deep Sleep BOP1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1211 13 14 15 16
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1011
8 9
12
13 14
15
16
17
18
192021
22 2324
25
26 27
28
29
30 31
32
33 34
35
36
37
38
3940
BTTSLBTTS
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 66
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
NWK Overview of the WiBEEM • Network Formation by Passive and Active Scan• Network Growing and Network Management• Efficient Real-Time Short Address Allocations
– Addressing mechanism based on NAA (Next Address Available) algorithm for Efficient Address Space Usage
– The short address can be assigned in real-time.
• Low Latency Routing Mechanism– WiBEEM Routing based on simplified AODV-like routing– Different from the ZigBee routing
• Network Message Broker• High speed mobility support• Data Fragmentation
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 67
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
NWK General Frame Format
Octets: 2 0/1
FrameControl
2 2 0/2
TargetAddress
Origi-nator
Address
Max.BroadcastHop Count
BroadcastID Number
Routing Fields
NWK Header
Variable
FramePayload
NWKPayload
2
TTL
0/1
Fragmen-tation
ID
Var
Fragmen-tationCount
Var
Fragmen-tation
Number
Fragmentation Fields
0/1
Fragmen-tation
Length
Bits : 0-1
FrameType
2-5
ProtocolVersion
6
DiscoverRoute
7
Fragmentation
9
Security
10-15
Reserved
8
MulticastFlag
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 68
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
NWK Command IdentifierCommand Frame
IdentifierCommand name
0x01 Route request
0x02 Route reply
0x03 Route Error
0x04 Network Check Request
0x05 Network Check Response
0x06 Neighbor’s BTTS request
0x07 Neighbor’s BTTS response
0x08Parent Relationship
Change request
0x09Parent Relationship
Change response
0x0a Parent Change Notify
0x0b Still Alive
0x0c Routing Table request
0x0d Routing Table response
0x0e NAA Grant Request
0x0f NAA Grant Response
0x10 BTTSL Change Request
0x11 BTTSL Change Response
0x12 Device Wake Time Update (opt.)
0x13Device SP Request
(Request Data format) (opt.)
0x14Device SP Response
(Response Data format) (opt.)
0x15 Device Reserve Period (opt.)
0x16 POS Range Request (opt.)
0x17 POS Range Response (opt.)
0x00, 0x18~0xff Reserved
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 69
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Short Address Allocation Mechanisms• CAA (Centralized Address Allocations)
– The new device waits until the PNC allocates one.
– It may take too much time for the address allocation.
• LBA (Logical Block Addressing) – Waste of address space
• Hi-Low (Hierarchical Routing for 6LoWPAN: IETF)– Waste of address space
• ABA (Adaptive Block Addressing: IEEE 802.15.5)• NAA (Next Address Available)
– Possible address conflicts but can be resolved.
– Perfect 16-bit address space reusability
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 70
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
NAA Informartion in Beacon Payload
FrameControl
BeaconSequenceNumber
Source Address
Information
SuperframeSpecification
CFPFields
PendingAddress
Field
BeaconPayload
FCS
1 4/10 2 k m Variable 2
MHR (MAC Header) MSDU (MAC Service Data Unit) MFR(MAC Footer)
Bits : 0-3
BeaconOrder
4-7
SuperframeOrder
8-11
FinalCAPSlot
12
Battery lifeExtension
13
Reserved
14
PANCoordinator
15
AssociationPermit
Octets: 2
1Octets: 1
BOPL
1
My BTTS(BeaconTxTimeSlot)
1
Depth
2
NAA
2
ChildShort
Address
2
ParentShort
Address
1
HOPCount
1
ChildDeviceType
1
MyProfile
ID
1
BTTSL
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 71
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
A
C DB
G
MPC
MRC MRC MRC
MRC
NAA Value in theBeacon Payload is 6
NAA Value in theBeacon Payload is 6
Efficient Real-Time Addressing by NAAAssociation Request
Association Response
NAA Grant Request
NAA Grant Response
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 72
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
A
C DB
E=6 G
MRC MRC MRC
MRC
1
2
3
NAA Value in theBeacon Payload is 6
NAA Value in theBeacon Payload is 6
Efficient Real-Time Addressing by NAA
Association Request
Association Response
NAA Grant Request
NAA Grant Response
MPC
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 73
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
A
C DB
E G
MRC MRC MRC
MRC
NAA Value in theBeacon Payload is 7.
NAA Value in theBeacon Payload is 7.
4
Efficient Real-Time Addressing by NAA
Association Request
Association Response
NAA Grant Request
NAA Grant Response
MPC
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 74
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
A
C DB
E F=7 G
Association Request
Association Response
NAA Grant Request
NAA Grant Response
MC
MRC MRC MRC
MRC
NAA Value in theBeacon Payload is 7.
4
21
3
Efficient Real-Time Addressing by NAA
MPC
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 75
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Advantages of WiBEEM Addressing
• No address waste.
• Device discovery done when the address is granted.
• The concept of NAA (Next Address Available) allows the complete reuse of the 16-bit address space when the node has been disassociated.
• Possible address conflicts that can be resolved when two nodes join the network at the same time.
• Reasonable delay for resolving the address conflicts.
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 76
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
WiBEEM Routing
• The NAA does not allow the tree routing because of the no-systematic addressing mechanism.
• The tree routing, however, limits the applicability of the protocol drastically.– The number of new devices to join in.– Device mobility
• WiBEEM routing has only one mandatory routing algorithm:– Does not support Tree routing.– WiBEEM routing with simplified AOVD-like reactive routing.– Different from ZigBee routing– Different from HiLow routing.
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 77
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
LOAD DYMO-low AODV TinyAODV ZigBee WiBEEM
RERR Message Use Use Use Use Use Use
Sequence Number
No Use Use Use Use No Use No Use
Precursor lists No Use No Use Use No Use No Use No Use
Gratuitous RREP No Use No Use Use No Use No Use No Use
Hop Count Opt Opt Use Use No Use Opt
Hello Messages No Use No Use Use No Use No Use No Use
Local repair No Use No Use Use No Use Use No Use
Energy Usage Low Low High Low Low Low
Memory Usage Low Low High Low Low Low
Mobility Mobile/Static Mobile/Static Mobile Mobile Mobile/Static MobileControl Packet Aggregation
No Use Use No Use No Use No Use No Use
Comparison of Routing Protocols
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 78
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Implementation of
WiBEEM Technology :
U-Parking Lot System
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 79
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Why U-Parking Lot?• Wide area of parking lot space covering several hundred meters
with 4 or 5 floors using WiBEEM mesh network.• When the parking lot is in the underground, there is no location
information based on GPS processing, and the WPAN mesh will be the only mechanism that can provide location information.
• Cars coming into the parking lot can be 32,000 associating with one single point of the network, and sensors can be upto 32,536.
• Devices are moving as fast as 30 Km.• Very similar to the infrastructure of digital hospital.
– Emergency ambulances are coming rapidly.– Need to get information about the car and patient as soon as possible using
the digital hospital infrastructure.– While moving, information has to be updated.
• Once U-Parking Lot service is implemented, almost every service can be proved.
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 80
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
U-Parking Lot Service with WiBEEM
Basement 2
Basement 4
U-Parking LotController
WiBEEM Gateway
U-CityControlCenter
Wired NetworkWireless Mesh
WiBEEM MRC
WiBEEM Sensor NodeAssoc. Relation
WiBEEM Gatewaywith/without
Gate Controller
Basement 3
Internet
Internet
U-ParkingLot Server
WiBEEM
WiBEEM
WiBEEM
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 81
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
MPC Module
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 82
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
MRC Module
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 83
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Ultra Sonar Sensor Module
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 84
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Terminal Carried in the Car
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 85
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
PAN Formation• The WPAN has been formed successfully by associating
sequentially, one, by one. – Initial WiBEEM Network formed.
MPC
MRC
MRCMRC
Sensor
Sensor
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 86
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Beacon Scheduling in the BOP• Beacon Scheduling Performed Successfully
– Transmission and reception of WiBEEM Devices.– Checked the BOP (Beacon Only Period).– Checked the Beacon Scheduling in the BOP.
MPC
MRC
MRCMRC
MRC
MRC
MRC
MPC
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 87
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Beacon Scheduling in the BOP
BOP
NAA
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 88
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Short Address Allocation based on NAA• Short address allocation based on NAA has been
implemented– The beacon contains the new address continuously.
– When there is a address conflict, address reassignement was made successfully.
MPC
MRC
MRCMRC
Sensor
Sensor
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 89
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Address Allocation by NAA
NAA in Beacon Payload
Assigned Address
NAA Update Command
BTTS Request Command
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 90
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
WiBEEM Routing• Checked that the optimal route has been found.
– Checked the validity of WiBEEM routing algorithm.
MPC
MRC
MRCMRC
MRC
MRC
MRC
MRC
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 91
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
WiBEEM Routing Table in each MRC• The routing tables of each device has been shown• Format: 0x0001 : 0x0005 : 0x0005
DestinationAddress
Next-hopAddress
Depth
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 92
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Parent-Child Relationship Change• When the overall network has been formed and a
device is moving, there is the disconnection between the parent and child device.
• By using Parent-Child Relationship Change command, the mesh network works without reconfiguration.– This confirms the mobility support of WiBEEM devices
MPC
MRC 2
MRC 1MRC 3
Sensor 1
Sensor 2
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 93
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Parent-Child Relationship Change
Relationship Change Command
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 94
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Photo of Basement 1
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 95
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Photo of Basement 2
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 96
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Area 2
Area 1
S9
19
11
10
12
Diagram of Masement 1
MRC
MPC
Sensor
S8
S9
S8
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 97
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
S5
S6
S1
S2
S3
S4
Area 1
Area 2
Area 3
Area 4
Gate to Basement
2
7
65
MPCMPC1
2
13
3
8
4
14
Diagram of Basement 2
S2
S1 S5
S6
S4
S3
S7
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 98
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Photo of MRC installed
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 99
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Photo of Sensor Module Installed
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 100
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Photo of MPC and Server
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 101
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Connecting Corridor between B1 and B2
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 102
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Display of Server Program Executed
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 103
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Status of Sensor Module Displayed
Position Information
Address Information of Sensor Nodes and MRC
Number of Cars Parked
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 104
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Display after successful association
• Display when successful association is made.
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 105
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Display after a space has been allocated.
• The available parking space is B2 in floor
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 106
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Parking Space Reassignment Due to Unexpected Preemption
• When the parking space that been assigned to park is preempted by an unexpected car, the WiBEEM system automatically informs the driver where to park.
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 107
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Search of driver’s parking space• The terminal can tell the driver where he parked his car.
<When wrong number entered.> <When correct number entered.>
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 108
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
5C…
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 109
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
IEEE 802 Five Criteria• BROAD MARKET POTENTIAL
– Broad sets of applicability
– Multiple vendors, numerous users
• COMPATIBILITY
• DISTINCT IDENTITY – Substantially different from other 802 Projects
– One unique solution per problem (not two solutions to a problem)
• TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY– Demonstrated system feasibility
– Proven technology, reasonable testing
• ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY– Known cost factors, reliable data
– Reasonable cost for performance
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 110
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Conclusions • Introduced Concept of U-City and Services• Networking Technologies for U-City Core Services• Analyzed the fundamental limitations of Bluetooth and
ZigBee over IEEE 802.15.4 protocol.• Introduced WiBEEM (Mesh-Enabled USN) Architecture
– Multiple beacons in one superframe– All the beacons are scheduled to avoid beacon conflicts.– Real-time, efficient short address allocation based on NAA.
• WiBEEM Protocol is one of the the best technologies for WBAN, Digital Hospital Information Infrastructure, and many U-City Core Services.
• It provides best interoperability for the services.
January 2007
Ho-In Jeon (KWU) and Jin-Seok Bae (KATS) Slide 111
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0576-00-0ban
Submission
Acknowledgment • This work has been supported by KATS.