Doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1 Submission Doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/720r0 May 2011 Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 1 Smart Grid ad hoc – May 2011 Date: 09 May 2011

doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1

Submission

Doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/720r0May 2011

Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 1

Smart Grid ad hoc – May 2011

Date: 09 May 2011

Abstract:

1 – SGIP NIST PAP2

Name Company Address Phone emailBruce Kraemer Marvell 5488 Marvell Lane,

Santa Clara, CA, 95054

+1-321-751-3988 [email protected]

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May 2011


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May 2011


Abstract: This work area investigates the strengths, weaknesses, capabilities, and constraints of existing and emerging standards-based physical media for wireless communications. The approach is to work with the appropriate standard development organizations (SDOs) to determine the characteristics of each technology for Smart Grid application areas and types. Results are used to assess the appropriateness of wireless communications technologies for meeting Smart Grid applications.

http://collaborate.nist.gov/twiki-sggrid/bin/view/SmartGrid/PAP02Wireless

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May 2011


PAP2 Links

• PAP02: Wireless Communications for the Smart Grid (6.1.5)• Contents of this topicUseful Hot LinksAbstract:• Status of PAP02: Wireless Communications for the Smart Grid (6.1.5)• Task Details:• Description:• Objectives:• Why:• Where:• Who:• 2011 Upcoming Meetings

– May 10 - Teleconference 2:30pm ET– May 24, June 7, June 21, July 5, July 19, Aug 2, Aug 16, Aug 30 - Teleconferen

ce 2:00pm ET– July 12-14, 2011 - SGIP Summer Meeting, Montreal Canada

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May 2011


Subscription to NIST PAP#2

• To see the complete NIST Priority Action Plan list go here:

• http://collaborate.nist.gov/twiki-sggrid/bin/view/SmartGrid/PriorityActionPlans#Individual_PAP_Lists

• To subscribe to PAP#2 mailing list go here:

• http://www.smartgridlistserv.org/cgi/wa.exe?SUBED1=SGIP-PAP02WG&A=1

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May 2011


OpenSG

• SharePoint Documents

• http://osgug.ucaiug.org/UtiliComm/Shared%20Documents/Forms/AllItems.aspx

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May 2011


NIST Timeline (Anticipated)

Release of draft 0.6

Draft 0.5July 28, 2010

Call for Input to Section 6August 4, 2010

End of draft 0.5 review periodSeptember 15, 2010

December 3, 2010

November 4, 2010 OpenSG + PAP2 meeting, Fort Lauderdale

SGIP face-to-face, St LouisTentative PAP 2 meeting

September 16, 2010

End of draft 0.6 review period

September 30, 2010

October 29, 2010

Release of Version 1January 15, 2011

Extended edit period

Release of Version 2? June/July 2011 ?

Continuation of project to extend findings

August , 2009 Project initiation

doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1

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May 2011


PAP#2 Version 1

• Guideline for Assessing Wireless Standards for Smart Grid Applications

• Version 1.0 released Jan 13, 2011

• http://collaborate.nist.gov/twiki-sggrid/pub/SmartGrid/PAP02Objective3/NIST_PAP2_Guidelines_for_Assessing_Wireless_Standards_for_Smart_Grid_Applications_1.0.pdf

doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1

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May 2011


Priority Action Plan for Wireless communications (PAP#2) Activity Summary

Calls every two weeks – details on NIST Twiki

Version 1 paper approved by SGIP board

Procedures approved

Current primary task is to qualify a propagation model that can be used for metering applications

This task will extend to at least thru May 10th

Next proposed task will be to re-work Section 4 - on the Matrix material

doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1

Submission

PAP#2 Procedures approved

• 14 voters, 12 yes, 0 no, 0 abs, 2 dnv

May 2011


PAP#2 procedures


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May 2011


Next PAP 2 meetings• Next face-to-face meeting

– SGIP meeting July 12-14, Montreal Canada

– Logistics available here:• http://collaborate.nist.gov/twiki-sggrid/bin/view/SmartGrid/SGIPCalenda

r

• PAP 2 conference call schedule

doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1

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2011 NIST PAP2 Meeting History

May 2011


Date & Time Agenda & Slides Presented Approved Meeting Minutes 4/26/11 2:00PM ET Download Download (Unapproved) 4/12/11 2:30PM ET Download Download 3/29/11 6:00PM ET Download,

Rural Area Propagation Analysis, Spreadsheet

Download

3/10/11 8:00AM PT Download Download 2/25/11 3:00PM ET Download,

PAP02 Proposed Operating Procedures

Download

2/11/11 1:00PM ET Download Download


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May 2011


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Primary PAP2 Work Items for past several weeks

• Terrain & Clutter

• Propagation loss models

• Characterization of deployment categories

• Rural (<1/person or household/sq mi

• ……

• Very Dense >10,000 people or households/sq mi

May 2011


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NIST PAP#2 Agenda for May 10, 2011

1. Review & Approve Today’s Agenda

2. Approve Prior Meeting Minutes

3. Operating Procedures Ballot Results

4. Current Tasks– Framework Proposal to Move Forward (Cunningham)

– Updates to Section 4 Matrix (Kraemer)

5. Meeting announcements

6. New business

May 2011


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Update on Propagation ModelsMay 10, 2011

Prepared by Doug GrayConsultant to WiMAX Forum

doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1

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Outline

• Update on Erceg-SUI model

• 802.11ah work

• Closed form expression for atmospheric absorption

17

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Modified Erceg–SUI Model

• Goal: Extend model to cover broader frequency range– Original: 1800 to 2700 MHz based on measurements at 1900/2000

MHz

– Objective is to cover 1000 MHz to 4000 MHz

• Approach: Devise or modify a term to achieve a better fit to diffraction/foliage frequency dependence– Need up to 5 dB per octave for hilly terrain and foliage at low BS

antenna heights

– Current formulation provides 1.8 dB per octave (2000 MHz as basis)

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Proposed Modification to Erceg–SUI Model • Original formulation:

– L = -27.56 +20LOG(d0) + 20LOG(f)+10(a-bhb+c/hb)LOG(d/ d0) + 6 LOG(f/2000) - XLOG(hr /2); f in MHz, d0 in m, hb is BS antenna height, hr is SS antenna height For Type A: a = 4.6, b = 0.0075, c = 12.6 , X = 10.8 For Type B: a = 4.0, b = 0.0065, c = 17.1 , X = 10.8 For Type C: a = 3.6, b = 0.0050, c = 20 , X = 20

• Proposed modification:– L = -27.56 +20LOG(d0) + 20LOG(f)+10(a-bhb+c/hb)LOG(d/ d0) + 6

(1+ ak/hb)LOG(f/2000) - XLOG(hr/2); k = 4

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Freq Dependency in dB per Octavehb Type A Type B Type C80 2.22 2.17 2.1350 2.47 2.38 2.3320 3.47 3.25 3.1110 5.13 4.70 4.41

•Type A Terrain: Hilly & moderate to heavy tree density

•Type B Terrain: Hilly & light tree density or Flat & moderate to heavy tree density•Type C Terrain: Flat & light tree density

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Excess Loss Frequency Dependence

20

• BS at 10 m, SS at 2 m• Excess loss for 2.4 km path length

• Foliage depth: 50 meters• Obstruction height: 2 meters

• Diffraction Model: ~3 dB/octave• Foliage Model: 2.9 to 3.5 dB/octave

Original Erceg-SUI

Modified Erceg-SUI k=4

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Submission

Atmospheric Absorption

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• Adry air = [0.00719 + 6.09/(f 2 +0.227) +4.81/((f-57)2 +1.5)] f 2/1000 dB/km

• Awater = [0.050 + 0.0021 ρ + 3.6/((f-22.2)2 + 8.5) + 10.6/((f-183.3)2 +9.0) +

8.9/((f-325.4)2 +26.3)] f 2 ρ 10-4 dB/km

– Where f is in GHz and

ρ = water vapor density in g/m3

– Plotted for ρ = 31.8 g/m3

(100% humidity at 30o C

Source: ITU-R Rec. 676-1 (1990-1992)

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Models vs. Smart Grid Requirements

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Frequency Range of interest

BS Antenna Height

SS Antenna Height

Special

Situations1

Rural (1) Rural (2) Suburban Urban Dense Urban

700 MHz to 6000 MHz 7 to 100 m Exterior 2 m, Interior 1.5 to

6.5 m

Meter vaults, below grade,

basements, etc

Rolling Hills, Mountains, Valleys, w & w/o foliage

Flat Open Area - Farm-

like

1-3 Story residential -

some commercial

Commercial Industrial, 1-4 story bldgs

High Rise Bldgs:

Residential + Enterprise

1800 to 2700 MHz & with modification: 1000 to 4000 MHz

10 to 80 m (useable 7 to

80 m)

2 to 8 m Type A, B Type C Yes Type A3 Type A3

Hata-Okumura150 to 1500 MHz (usaeble to 2000 MHz)

30 to 200 m 1 to 10 m No2 Question accuracy

Yes? Too optimistic?

Yes Yes

COST2311500 to 2000 MHz 30 to 200 m 1 to 10 m No2 ?? Yes Yes Yes

ITU-R M.12252000 +/- MHz 0 to 50 m

>avg rooftop height

Yes Yes Yes

802.11ah Model Pending< 1000 MHz

Smart Grid Requirements for communications network (WAN or FAN) per Utilities

Commonly available Path Loss Models for PMP coverage analysisErceg-SUI and Modified Erceg-SUI

doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1

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Going Forward• Modified Erceg-SUI Model is a good path loss model for suburban and most

rural environments of interest covering 1000 to 4000 MHz with low to high BS antenna heights

• Model can also be applied to urban environments with BS antenna height at or above average rooftop heights

– Confirmed by comparing to Hata and COST231 models

• 802.11ah work may provide a good model for <1000 MHz– Need solution for lower BS antenna heights (7-10 m) in rural with varied terrain and foliage

characteristics

• May still have to treat “extreme” situations on a case by case basis– Use PtP models with link-specific GIS data – analyze each end-point – plus losses for below

grade, enclosed meters, etc

– Use free space loss and add excess loss for “average” foliage, terrain, or bldg clutter for general purpose wide area coverage

• Updated spread-sheet of propagation models– No major changes: some corrections & added

place-holder for 11ah work

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Microsoft Office Excel Worksheet

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Extended Work Plan Proposal

May 2011


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May 2011


Section 4 - DeliverablesPaper & Matrix1. Identify and fully define all necessary terminology (mesh, etc.)2. Come up with sane metric definitions for Section 43. Come up with guidelines for filling out the wireless technologies matrix

to make sure entries are comparable across technologies– This includes a selection of high priority, fully described “operating

points” representing deployment scenarios4. Come up with dates for submissions for column entries for the matrix

and appoint coordinators for each technology represented in the matrix5. Submit results to the PAP2 reflector and announce a comment period6. Directly solicit SDO participation and schedule SDO calls to discuss

submissions and comments on all of the above7. Discuss & adjust the deliverables content using OpenSG as the venue and

a proxy for the utility industry

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May 2011


References

• Previous major submission package to NIST

• Doc 1396

• https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/10/11-10-1396-03-0000-smart-grid-summary-input-to-pap-2-report-nov-2010.ppt

• And therein:

V6-r1

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Previous submissions to NIST PAP#2

• https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/10/11-10-1133-01-0000-nist-pap-2-report-r5-consolidated-change-suggestions.ppt

• https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/10/11-10-1209-00-0000-comment-set-1-on-pap-2-report-r6.doc

• https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/10/11-10-1210-01-0000-comment-set-2-on-pap-2-report-r6.ppt

• https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/10/11-10-1396-03-0000-smart-grid-summary-input-to-pap-2-report-nov-2010.ppt

May 2011


doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1

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Revision of Section 4 in PAP2During the May 10th call I would like to begin discussion on revisions to Section 4 – Wireless Technology of the NIST_PAP2_Guidelines_for_Assessing_Wireless_Standards_for_Smart_Grid_Applications_1.0.pdf .

Introduction:

Prior to the release of Guideline version 1, the IEEE 802 Smart Grid ad hoc generated a set of change recommendations for report Section 4 – Wireless Technology and an associated data collection matrix structure.

The intent was to improve the technical accuracy of the Section 4 text and thereby to make it more useful to the Smart Grid community when considering or comparing wireless technology deployment options.

The complete set of suggestions can be found at:

https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/10/11-10-1396-03-0000-smart-grid-summary-input-to-pap-2-report-nov-2010.ppt and embedded in the document was a revised matrix under the name “V6-r1”.

The proposed changes were not integrated into Guideline version 1 but it was agreed that they should be further considered as part of the process to produce Guideline version 2.

I submit this material with the understanding it serves as a starting point for Section 4 revisions that will be more fully reviewed, rewritten and approved by the PAP2 membership before inclusion in Guideline version 2. It should also be noted that some data collected from SDOs will need to be re-collected when using the revised descriptions and definitions in Section 4.

May 2011


doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1

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Framework Questions & Comments

In order to analyze an operational scenario we would need to have additional information on the number of nodes and their physical relationship. For example, in the ESI meter example below, how many nodes are there, where are they and what is the characteristic terrain class within which they are located?

May 2011


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Framework Questions & Comments - 2

Can assumed that all analysis would be based upon single technology deployment. Was there an expectation that a mixed technology deployment be analyzed?

May 2011


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Framework Questions & Comments - 3The analysis of the suitability of a deployment requires a calculation of a link budget. Link budget calculations require using radio performance numbers that are not defined by technology standards documents but are vendor specific. Hence, there may be some differences between individual suppliers’ radio performance numbers. We propose that each technology use a single representative set of radio performance numbers. The chosen set of parameters needs to be specified and approved by PAP2. Additionally, the parameter values would be proposed by each SDO and approved by PAP2.

E.g.

Receive Antenna pattern and gain profile

Transmit Antenna pattern and gain profile

Receiver sensitivity

Transmit power

May 2011

Bruce Kraemer, Marvell

doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1

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Framework Questions & Comments - 4

The analysis of deployment performance is presumed to be based upon a point to point relationship between a transmitter receiver pair. No analysis of repeaters or mesh links would be performed.

May 2011


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Framework Questions & Comments – 5a

The analysis of deployment performance could be based upon only the relationship between a transmitter receiver pair with messages being transferred from one radio MAC to another. Alternatively there could be a more comprehensive definition of end to end.

May 2011


PHY

MAC

PHY

MAC

doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1

Submission

Framework Questions & Comments – 5b

The analysis of deployment performance could be based upon only the relationship between a transmitter receiver pair with messages being transferred from one radio MAC to another. Alternatively there could be a more comprehensive definition of end to end. How complete are the model end points?

May 2011


PHY

MAC

PHY

MAC

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Submission

Minimum Output

• The initial “Framework Basics” document states:

• Minimum output: quantity of wireless std/tech/spectrum network gear required by endpoint density category, incremental gear type/count for RF propagation factors & engineering work-arounds for subscribers, and no endpoint coverage conditions

• There is no data traffic volume specfied. It is presumed that some portion of the OpenSG requirements would be selected to quantify the represenative data traffic to be used for analysis. Please identify the traffic flow.

May 2011


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Propagation Model Updates

May 2011


• As discussed in the Smart Grid Tuesday afternoon session of the 802.11 interim meeting in Palm Springs, this is a link to the description of the COST231 Walfisch Ikegami propagation model which is applicable to sub-GHz frequencies, is friendly to outdoor Metering applications, suitable in preference to urban and suburban environments but I believe extensible to the rural environment.

• http://www.cse.hcmut.edu.vn/~ltquan/Documents_Softwares/CDMA/Walfisch-Ikegami.htm

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Propagation Model Updates

May 2011


• Ron Porat mentioned M.2135

• http://www.itu.int/pub/R-REP-M.2135/en

doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1

Submission

EPRI UPDATE TIM GODFREY

May 2011
