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How Global Warming Works
Fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas)
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
The Sun’s energy passes through the car’s windshield.
This energy (heat) is trapped inside the car and cannot pass back through the windshield, causing the inside of the car to warm up.
Example of the Greenhouse Effect
What’s the difference between “global warming” and
“climate change”?
DifferenceGLOBAL WARMING
is the increase of the Earth’s average surface temperature due to a build-up of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
CLIMATE CHANGE is a broader term that
refers to long-term changes in climate, including average temperature and precipitation.
Effects of Global WarmingIncreased Temperature
Habitat Damage and
Species Affected
Changes in Water Supply
Rising Sea Level
What’s the proof that global warming is taking place?
Portage Glacier
1914 2004
• Alaska
Photos: NOAA Photo Collection and Gary Braasch – WorldViewOfGlobalWarming.org
Colorado River
• Arizona
June 2002 Dec 2003
Why is global warming happening?
Burning of Fossil Fuels
Pollution from coal, natural gas, and oilPollution from coal, natural gas, and oilPollution from coal, natural gas, and oil
When did global warming start?
Global Atmospheric Concentration of CO2
What is carbon dioxide and how is it discovered?
Joseph Black, a Scottish chemist and physician, first identified carbon dioxide in the 1750s.
Carbon dioxide is a molecule with the molecular formula CO2. The linear molecule consists of a carbon atom that is doubly bonded to two oxygen atoms, O=C=O.
Applications of carbon dioxide by humans
Humans use carbon dioxide in many different ways.
The most familiar example is its use in soft drinks and beer, to make them fizzy.
Carbon dioxide released by baking powder or yeast makes cake batter rise.
Some fire extinguishers use carbon dioxide because it is denser than air. Carbon dioxide can blanket a fire, because of its heaviness.
The part carbon dioxide plays in environmental processes
Carbon dioxide plays an important part in vital plant and animal process, such as photosynthesis and respiration.
Environmental problems - the greenhouse effect
• Greenhouse gasses absorb some of the heat and trap it near the earth's surface, so that the earth is warmed up. This process, commonly known as the greenhouse effect.
• The amount of heat in the troposphere depends on concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gasses and the amount of time these gasses remain in the atmosphere.
• The most important greenhouse gasses are carbon dioxide, CFC's (Chlor-Fluoro-Carbons), nitrogen oxides and methane.
How is global warming measured?
Ice Core DataIce Core Data
COCO22 Measurements Before 1958 - Antarctica Measurements Before 1958 - Antarctica
CO2 Atmospheric Measurements
CO2 Measurements Since 1958 – Mauna Loa, Hawaii
Temperature (Northern Hemisphere) CO2 Concentrations
1000 Years of CO2 and Global Warming
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Global Warming:Global Warming:
Shifting GearsShifting Gears
2007
Goal: Reductions in CO2 Per Year
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2007Reductions
in CO2
Per Year
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Produce electricity efficientlyUse electricity efficientlyVehicle efficiencySolar and Wind PowerBiofuelsCarbon capture and storage
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Our Goal
What’s being done now to reduce our emissions?
Solar Power Wind Power Fuel-Efficiency
What can you do to help solve the What can you do to help solve the problem?problem?
Simple Things To Do
Turn off your computer or the TV when you’re not using it.
Take shorter showers. Heating water uses energy.
Keep rooms cool by closing the blinds, shades, or curtains.
Turn off the lights when you leave a room.
Use compact fluorescent bulbs.
Be Bulb Smart—Use CFLs
IncandescentCompact
Fluorescent
500 lbs. of coal
What’s the difference?
•1,430 lbs. CO2 pollution avoided •$30 saved
Simple Things To Do
Plant a tree.
Dress lightly when it’s hot instead of turning up
the air conditioning. Or use a fan.
Dress warmly when it’s cold instead of turning up the heat.
Offer to help your parents keep the air filters on
your AC.
Walk short distances instead of asking for a ride in the car.
Recycle.
