DO NOW:

The roots of the Cold War can be found in the period of Allied

cooperation during World War II.

What 4 specific pieces of evidence support this statement?

Diplomacy & Conferences

Casablanca, Morocco- January 1943

FDR and Churchill agree to invade Sicily and demand unconditional surrender from the Axis powers.

Cairo, Egypt- November 1943

FDR, Churchill urge Chiang Kai-shek to fight until the Japanese surrendered unconditionally and promise China that Taiwan and

Manchuria will be returned and Korea would be free and independent.

Tehran, Iran- November 1943

FDR, Churchill and Stalin agree that the British and Americans will open a second front in the spring of ’44 to liberate France and after the defeat

of Germany, the Soviets will eventually join the war against Japan.

“The Big Three” at Yalta

Yalta, Soviet Union- February 1945

FDR, Churchill and Stalin

Yalta agreement mirrored a new balance of power.

• Stalin promised to declare war on Japan after the surrender of Germany (on August 8, he does).

• Promises to Chiang Kai-shek are broken when Allies concede Manchuria and territories lost in Russo-Japanese war to Soviet Union.

• Agreement to partition Germany into occupation zones.

• Agree to form the United Nations- a permanent international organization for collective security.

• Stalin promises to allow free elections in Poland and liberated countries of Eastern Europe.

What happened to FDR in April 1945?

Postdam, Germany- July-August 1945

Truman, Atlee and Stalin could barely agree to demilitarize Germany and punish Nazi war criminals as Soviet-American relations continued

to deteriorate.

Truman issued an order that the atomic bomb be dropped if Japan had not surrendered by August 3. Then he warned Japan to surrender

unconditionally or face “prompt and utter destruction.” The Japanese rejected the offer.

The roots of the Cold War can be found in the period of Allied

cooperation during World War II.

Cold War1945-1990s

US vs. USSR

• Delay in opening second front during war

• Red army overruns Eastern Europe

• Stalin breaks promise at Yalta

• Arms race

• Division of Germany

The End of World War II and the Aftermath

VE and VJ day

United Nations

UN Convention on Genocide

UN Declaration of Human Rights

Nuremberg Trials

“1945: A Year in History,” Roy Hoopes

“It was perhaps, the most significant year of the century.”

“…this was a year during which civilization passed from one era into another.”

“The war changed America and the world forever… the world has never been the same since 1945.”