Do Now: Graph AnalysisAnswer the questions about the graph.1. When does

this graph show spikes in immigration (list all years that apply)?

2. Why could this be?

3. When is there a dip in immigration?

4. Why could this be?

The Big Question:

How did we all get here?

A Brief History of US Immigration/Migration

SWABT describe major events in the history of US immigration and migration.

How it all began…1492: The “discovery” of

America by Europeans Columbus landed

in Hispaniola – European conquest and genocide of Native Americans began

1607: Jamestown and 1620: Plymouth – the early English Settlers

English settled Jamestown to find gold in 1607 and Plymouth in 1620 for religious freedom (Pilgrims) Jamestown – the first

permanent European settlement in the New World

The PilgrimsPilgrims came on the Mayflower

and later settled Plymouth Colony

Pilgrims conflicted with the Wampanoag Native Americans, but they also received important survival tips. How does this picture depict their relations?

1692: African Slave Trade Begins

Largest example of forced migration in US history

Millions of Africans were stolen and trafficked to Europe and the Americas for the next 100+ years…

Diagram of an African slave ship

printed in Thomas Clarkson, The History of the Rise, Progress, and Accomplishment of the

Abolition of the Slave-Trade by the British Parliament, Vol. 2 (London, 1808). The Gilder

Lehrman Collection.

1820’s – 1860’s: First Wave of Immigrants

Wide-spread wave of immigration from Northern and Western Europe (i.e. England, Germany, Scotland, Ireland)

1838: Trail of Tears Forced

relocation of Cherokee , Creek, Seminole, and Chocktaw from their homeland to Indian Territory in Oklahoma

Trail of TearsMass forced migration of Native

Americans

1863: Emancipation! Lincoln’s

Emancipation Proclamation frees the slaves, technically (see note).

Note: Slavery does not actually end until the Confederacy (south) concedes to the Union (north) ending the Civil War in 1865

1880 – 1910’s:Second Wave of Immigration

More of a flood than a wave

2cd and largest wave of European immigration

From Southern and Eastern Europe Slavic Immigrants

Immigration Act of 1924 Immigration Act

limits who can come to America

Establishes quotas, or a certain number of immigrants from each country

1910’s – 1930’s: The Great Migration

Mass migration of African Americans from the rural South to Northern cities

(i.e. Chicago, Detroit, Cleveland, Pittsburgh)

Immigration Act of 1965 Ends quotas

Immigration of Asians* and Latin Americans intensifies

President Lyndon Johnson signs the bill into law

2001: September 11 Attacks

Terrorist attack on World Trade Center and the Pentagon

As a result, American hostility against immigrants (esp. from Middle East) intensifies

Exit Slip: Answer the questions on a separate sheet of paper

1. Name the two earliest English settlements in America.

2. What was the largest example of forced migration in U.S. history?

3. Where did immigrants come from in the first and second waves of immigration?

4. Which event marked the massive relocation of several Native American tribes?

5. Who was moving during the Great Migration and where were they going?