Upload
kelly-walsh
View
221
Download
1
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Do Now05.19.10
What causes the seasons?
Objective
State the reasons for global wind patterns and ocean currents.
Coriolis effect: deflection of wind and ocean currents caused by the Earth’s rotation
Winds in N. Hemisphere flow to the right
Winds in S. Hemisphere
flow to the left
jet stream: narrow belt of strong, high speed air
•height about 10 to 15 km above N. and S. Hemispheres
•closely related to weather
(2) global winds
http://www.weatherimages.com/data/imag192.html (current position)
anemometer: instrument that measures wind speed
wind vane: measures wind direction
*always points into the wind
wind
This is an easterly wind because it is blowing from the east
Doldrums
Uneven heating of air
Coriolis Effect
Ocean Currents Currents are the steady movement of
water in the ocean
Ocean Currents Currents are the steady movement of
water in the ocean• surface currents move on or near the
surface
Ocean Currents Currents are the steady movement of
water in the ocean• surface currents move on or near the
surface driven by the wind
Ocean Currents Currents are the steady movement of
water in the ocean• surface currents move on or near the
surface driven by the wind
• deep currents occur deep beneath the surface
Ocean Currents Currents are the steady movement of
water in the ocean• surface currents move on or near the
surface driven by the wind
• deep currents occur deep beneath the surface
caused by differences in the density of the water
Ocean Currents Currents are the steady movement of
water in the ocean• surface currents move on or near the
surface driven by the wind
• deep currents occur deep beneath the surface
caused by differences in the density of the water move very slowly
Surface Currents Wind provides energy to move large
masses of water
Surface Currents Wind provides energy to move large
masses of water upper layer of water moves the fastest
Surface Currents Wind provides energy to move large
masses of water upper layer of water moves the fastest
• velocity decreases with depth
Surface Currents Wind provides energy to move large
masses of water upper layer of water moves the fastest
• velocity decreases with depth• below 100m most surface currents are
undetectable
Surface Currents Surface currents are controlled by three
factors
Surface Currents Wind belts
Surface Currents Wind belts
• Trade Winds are located just north and south of the equator
Surface Currents Wind belts
• Trade Winds are located just north and south of the equator
push currents westward across tropical latitudes
Surface Currents Wind belts
• Trade Winds are located just north and south of the equator
push currents westward across tropical latitudes• Westerlies are located in the middle
latitudes
Surface Currents Wind belts
• Trade Winds are located just north and south of the equator
push currents westward across tropical latitudes• Westerlies are located in the middle
latitudes push eastward in the northern hemisphere
Surface Currents Wind belts
• Trade Winds are located just north and south of the equator
push currents westward across tropical latitudes• Westerlies are located in the middle
latitudes push eastward in the northern hemisphere in the south, pushes West Wind Drift completely
around the world
Surface Currents Wind belts
• Trade Winds are located just north and south of the equator
push currents westward across tropical latitudes• Westerlies are located in the middle
latitudes push eastward in the northern hemisphere in the south, pushes West Wind Drift completely
around the world• earth’s largest current
westerlies
Surface Currents Coriolis effect: deflection of the earth’s
winds and ocean currents
Surface Currents Coriolis effect: deflection of the earth’s
winds and ocean currents• caused by the rotation of the earth
Surface Currents Coriolis effect: deflection of the earth’s
winds and ocean currents• caused by the rotation of the earth
Gyres: huge circles of moving water
Surface Currents Coriolis effect: deflection of the earth’s
winds and ocean currents• caused by the rotation of the earth
Gyres: huge circles of moving water• caused by the combination of wind belts
and the coriolis effect
Surface Currents Coriolis effect: deflection of the earth’s
winds and ocean currents• caused by the rotation of the earth
Gyres: huge circles of moving water• caused by the combination of wind belts
and the coriolis effect• clockwise in the northern hemisphere
Surface Currents Coriolis effect: deflection of the earth’s
winds and ocean currents• caused by the rotation of the earth
Gyres: huge circles of moving water• caused by the combination of wind belts
and the coriolis effect• clockwise in the northern hemisphere• counterclockwise in the southern
Surface Currents Third factor affecting currents
Surface Currents Third factor affecting currents
• continents
Surface Currents Third factor affecting currents
• continents deflect and divide currents
Surface Currents Equatorial currents: westward moving
warm-water currents
Surface Currents Equatorial currents: westward moving
warm-water currents• Located in all three oceans
Surface Currents Equatorial currents: westward moving
warm-water currents• Located in all three oceans
currents in the northern hemisphere
Surface Currents Equatorial currents: westward moving
warm-water currents• Located in all three oceans
currents in the northern hemisphere• swift warm water moves north in the
western side of the oceans
Surface Currents Equatorial currents: westward moving
warm-water currents• Located in all three oceans
currents in the northern hemisphere• swift warm water moves north in the
western side of the oceans• Cool currents move south in the eastern
side
Surface Currents examples of warm water currents:
Surface Currents examples of warm water currents:
• Gulf stream
Surface Currents examples of warm water currents:
• Gulf stream• Japan current
Surface Currents examples of warm water currents:
• Gulf stream• Japan current• East Australia current
Surface Currents examples of warm water currents:
• Gulf stream• Japan current• East Australia current• Brazil current
Surface Currents examples of cool water currents:
Surface Currents examples of cool water currents:
• West Wind drift
Surface Currents examples of cool water currents:
• West Wind drift• California current
Surface Currents examples of cool water currents:
• West Wind drift• Californa current• Canary current
Surface Currents examples of cool water currents:
• West Wind drift• California current• Canary current• Peru current
Deep Currents move more slowly than surface currents
Deep Currents move more slowly than surface currents produced as cold, dense water sinks
below warmer water
Deep Currents move more slowly than surface currents produced as cold, dense water sinks
below warmer water• from cold polar regions towards the equator• denser because of higher salinity