I HC BCH KHOA H NI N CUNG CP IN CHNG I: XC NH PH TI TNH
TON1.1.GII THIU CHUNG V NH MY Nh my lin hp dt cn thit k c tng din
tch mt bng l 249 581 m2 vi tng cng sut t d kin vo khong 10000 kW.Nh
my ly ngun in t trm bin p trung gian cch nh my 10 km. Um = 22 kV
hoc 35 kV.S nh my cho trn hnh 1.1Ph ti nh my cho trong bng 1.1Hnh
1.S mt bng nh my luyn kim en
Bng 1.1 - Ph ti ca nh my luyn kim enK hiuTn phn xngCng sut
t(kw)Din tch ()Loi h tiu th
1Phn xng(PX) luyn gang37005042,25I
2PX l Martin35003462,75I
3PX my cn phi tm25001458I
4PX cn nng18004698I
5PX cn ngui20001984,5I
6PX tn3083,35001,75I
7PX sa cha c khTheo tnh ton1255III
8Trm bm10001640,24I
9Ban qun l v phng th nghim3202754III
10Chiu sng phn xngTheo din tch
Bng 1.2 Danh sch thit b ca phn xng sa cha c khTTTn phn xngSLNhn
my (KW)
1 myTon b
B PHN DNG C
1My tin ren1I6I65
2My tin t ng3T- IM5
3My tin t ng22A-6214
4My tin t ng2I615M6
5My tin t ng1-2
6My tin rvnve1IA-I82
7My phay vn nng2678M3
8My phay ngang1-2
9My phay ng26K8214
10My phay ng16K-127
11My mi1-2
12My bo ngang17A359
13My xc2III3A8
14My xc174173
15My khoan vn nng1A1355
16My doa ngang126135
17My khoan hng tm245222
18My mi phng1CK-3719
19My mi trn13153M6
20My mi trong13A243
21My mi dao ct gt136283
22My mi sc vn nng13A-641
23My khoan bn2HC-12A1
24My p kiu trc vt1K1132
25Tm c(nh du)1--
26Tm kim tra1--
27My mi ph13M6343
28Ca tay1-1
29Ca tay18722
30Bn th ngui7--
B PHN NHIT LUYN
31L in kiu bung1H-3030
32L in kiu ng1-2525
33L in kiu b1B-2030
34B in phn1b2110
35Thit b phun ct1331-
36Thng xi ra1--
37Thng ti1--
38My nn2--
39Tm kim tra1--
40T iu khin l in13-0567-
41B ti1--
42B cha1--
B PHN SA CHA
43My tin ren2IK62010
44My tin ren11A-627
45My tin ren116165
46My phay ngang1680 3
47My phay vn nng15783
48My phay rng15323
49My sc174173
50My bo ngang2-8
51My mi trn1-7
52My khoan ng1-2
53Ba kh nn1b-42110
54Qut22
55L tng nhit1-
56Thng ti1-
57My bin p hn1CT32424KVA
58My mi ph13T-6343
59Khoan in1-541
60My ct18722
61Tm c(nh du )1--
62Thng xi ra1--
63Bn th ngui3--
64Gi kho2--
B PHN SA CHA IN
65Bn ngui3-1
66My cun dy1-1
67Bn th nghim1-15
68B tm c t nng1-4
69T xy1-2
70Khoan bn1HC-12A1
1.2 . XC NH PH TI TNH TON CA NH MY Ph ti tnh ton l ph ti gi thit
lu di khng i ,tng t vi ph ti thc t v mt hiu ng nhit ln nht,ngha l
ph ti tnh ton cng gy nn pht nng dy dn ln ti nhit ln nht do ph ti
thc t pht gy ra.1.2.1. Cc phng php xc nh ph ti tnh ton 1. Theo cng
sut t (nh mc ) v h s nhu cu .. (1.1) Trong : + : Cng sut t,cng sut
nh mc ca thit b (nhm thit b ).+ : H s nhu cu v ph ti tc dng (tra s
tay k thut ).2.Theo cng sut trung bnh v lch pha ca ph ti tnh ton
khi gi tr trung bnh . +. (1.2)Trong :+: Cng sut trung bnh ca thit b
hay nhm thit b .+: Mc tn x ca lch xc nh theo hm phn b chun .+ : lch
khi gi tr trung bnh .3.Theo cng sut trung bnh v h s hnh dng ca th
ph ti . (1.3)Trong :+:H s hnh dng .+ :Cng sut trung bnh ca thit b
hay nhm thit b.4.Theo cng sut trung bnh v h s cc i . (1.4)Trong :+
: Cng sut trung bnh ca thit b hay nhm thit b .+:Cng sut nh mc ca ph
ti.+:H s cc i tra trong s tay k thut .5.Theo sut chi ph in nng cho
mt n v sn phm. (1.5)Trong :+M:S n v sn phm sn sut ra trong mt
nm.+:Sut tiu hao in nng cho mt n v sn phm .+:Thi gian s dng cng sut
ln nht .6.Theo cng sut ph ti trn mt n v din tch sn xut . (1.6)Trong
:+:Cng sut ph ti tnh ton trn 1 din tch sn xut.+F:Din tch b tr thit
b Cc phng php1,5,6 l cc phng php tnh gn ng da theo cc kt qu nghin
cu thc nghin cu thc nghim,kh n gin v tin li .Cc phng php 2,3,4 l cc
phng php xc nh ph ti tnh ton da trn c s l thuyt xc sut thng k ,cho
kt qu chnh xc hn nhng khi lng tnh ton ln v phc tp .Khi tnh ton thit
k ,ty theo iu kin c th m chn la phng php xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho ph
hp . Vi nh my luyn kim en phn xng c kh bit v tr ,cng sut t v ch lm
vic ca tng thit b nn ta xc nh theo cng sut trung bnh v h s cc i .Cc
phn xng cn li ch bit din tch mt bng v cng sut t nn ta tnh theo cng
sut t v h s nhu cu .Ph ti chiu sng xc nh theo phng php s dng cng
sut chiu sng trn mt n v din tch .1.2.2.Xc ng ph ti tnh ton cho phn
xng sa cha c kh 1.2.2.1.Chia nhm ph ti . Cn c vo v tr ,cng sut ca
cc my mc cng c b tr trn mt bng xng ,quyt nh chia lm 7 nhm ph ti nh
bng 1.3.Tra bng ph lc 1 (PL1.1) vi phn xng sa cha c kh ta c .0,16,
cos=0,6 tag=1,33Bng 1.3- Phn nhm ph ti ca phn xng sa cha c kh sttTn
thit bS lngK hiu trn mt bng,KW
1 myTon b
Nhm1
1My tin t ng32515
2My tin t ng231428
3My tin t ng24612
4My t ng1522
5My bo ngang11299
Cng nhm 1966
Nhm 2
6My tin rvnve1622
7My phay vn nng2736
8My phay ng291428
9My mi phng218918
10My mi trn11966
11My tin ren1155
Cng nhm 2965
Nhm 3
12My mi trong12033
13Ca my12922
14My xc213816
15My phay ngang1822
16My doa ngang11655
SttTn thit bS lngK hiu trn mt bng,KW
1 myTon b
18My khoan hng tm11722
19My xc11433
17My phay ng11077
Cng nhm 3940
Nhm 4
20My mi11122
21My khoan vn nng11555
22My mi ph12733
23Ca tay12811
24My mi dao gt12133
25My mi sc vn nng12211
26L in kiu bung1313030
27L in kiu ng1322525
28L in kiu b1333030
29B in phn1341010
Cng nhm 410110
Nhm 5
30My khoan bn22312
31My p kiu trc khuu12422
32Bn ngui36513
33My cun dy16611
34Bn th nghim1671515
35B tm c t nng16844
36T xy16922
37Khoan bn117011
Cng nhm 51130
Nhm 6
38My xc 14933
39My tin ren2431020
40My khoan ng15222
41My mi trn15177
42My bo ngang250816
43My phay rng14833
44My tin ren14555
Cng nhm 6956
Nhm 7
45My tin ren14477
46My phay ngang14633
47My phay vn nng14733
48Ba nn kh1531010
49Qut25424
50My bin p hn15724 KVA12,5 KW
51My mi ph15833
52Khoan in15911
53My ct16011
Cng nhm 71044,5
1.2.2.2. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca tng nhm thit b Nh ni trn ta s
dng phng php xc nh theo cng sut trung bnh v h s cc i u tin cn xc nh
cng thc tnh tan ca tng ng c v ca tng nhm ng c trong phn xng.+ Vi 1
ng c: (1.7)+Vi nhm ng c n3: (1.8)+Vi nhm ng c n (1.9)Trong : +: H s
s dng ca nhm thit b (tra s tay k thut ). +: H s cc i ,tra bng theo
v . +S thit b dng in hiu qu . S thit b in hiu qu l s thit b in c
cng cng sut v cng ch lm vic tng ng vi nhm thit b thc (gm n thit b
in c ch lm vic v cng sut ng mc khc nhau )v mt pht nng v mc ph hy
cch in i vi dy dn . = (1.10) Khi s thit b nhiu vic tnh ton gp kh
khn ta c th dng mt s phong php n gin sau tnh vi sai s cho php khong
10%. +Khi 0,4 v m=-cng sut tc dng nh mc ln nht v b nht ca thit b
tham gia trong nhm ). +Khi m>3 v >0,2: (1.11)Nu gi tr tm c ln
hn s thit b thc t th ly . +Khi m v 0,4 hoc (1.12)Trong : +n: Tng s
thit b trong nhm . + :Tra bng theo (1.13) (1.14) +:S thit b c cng
sut ln hn hoc bng mt na cng sut ca thit b c cng sut ln nht +Tng cng
sut ca thit b trn . Khi xc nh gi tr c th loi tr mt s thit b trong
nhm nu tng cng sut nh mc ca chng nh hn 5% cng sut tng ca ton nhm
(cc thit b loi tr ra ko tnh vo gi tri n). y 0,16 158Do cp chn khng
tha mn iu kin pht nng nn ta tng kch thc ca cp nn 5 ,.Kim tra dy dn
va chn theo iu kin pht nng .=2.85 = 170A < 186 AVy chn cp c tit
din 50v,Cch chn cp vi cc TBA cn li tng t nh trn tao c kt qu trong
bng (2.8)Bng 2.8 Kt qu chn cp 10 kV phng n 2ng
cpCp(mL(m)/km)Ga(Thnh tin
TBATT B12 XLPE(3x50)700,49423032,2
TBATT B22 XLPE (3x35)200,524843,36
TBATT B32 XLPE (3x35)900,5248415,12
TBATT B42 XLPE (3x16)112,51,474810,8
TBATT B52 XLPE (3x16)2251,474821,6
TBATT B62 XLPE (3x25)1800,5248430,2
TBATT B72 XLPE (3x16)2251,474820,6
B4 PX9PVC (3x95+50)1900,1936011,4
B5 PX7PVC (3x50+35))2300,387125 28,75
Tng vn u t cho ng dy 174.
b,Xc nh tn tht cng sut tc dng trn ng dy p dng cng thc (2.15) kW
Ta c :-TBATT B1: 0,494.70.=1,5 kWCc TBA cn li tnh tng t ta c kt qu
bng 2.9
Bng 2.9 Kt qu tnh ton phng n 2ng cpCp(mL(m)/km)S(kVA)(kW)
TBATT B12 XLPE(3x50)700,4942949,91,5
TBATT B22 XLPE (3x35)200,5242666,780,37
TBATT B32 XLPE (3x25)900,5241892,540,84
TBATT B42 XLPE (3x16)112,51,4717562,55
TBATT B52 XLPE (3x16)2251,4717625,1
TBATT B62 XLPE (3x25)1800,52423722,65
TBATT B72 XLPE (3x16)2251,477660,97
B4 PX9PVC (3x95+50)2000,19334932,56
B5 PX7PVC (3x50+35))1000,38723815,2
Tng tn tht cng sut tc dng trn ng dy
c, Xc nh tn tht in nng trn ng dy :Cng thc : Thay s : 61,74.
4036,3 = 249201 kWh3.Chi ph cho my ct u vo TBATT s dng 2 my ct(
MC)35 kV,u ra dng 2 my ct 10 kV.Dng thanh gp 2 phn on.Nh my c 7
TBAPX vi tng s 14 MBA, mi u 1 MBA t 1 MC 10 kV.Tt c dng MC hp b ca
hng Siemens c gi +MC 10 kV: 120.+MC 35 kV: 160.Vi 7 TBA, th t B1 B7
mi trm c 2 MBA .Vy trong mng cao p ca phn xng, ta s dng 14 my ct in
cp 10kV cng thm 1 my ct phn on thanh gp cp 10 kV TBATG v 2 my ct gi
h p (2 MBATG) l 17 my ct in.
4.Chi ph tnh ton ca phng n 2Vn u t 3434,6174. = 5650,6. Tng tn
tht in nng trong cc TBA v trn ng dy 887911,55 + 249201 = 1137112,7
kWhp dng cng thc (2.9)tm c chi ph tnh ton ca phng n 1 = ( =
(0,1+0,2). 5650,6. + 1000.1137112,7 = 2832. 2.2.3.Phng n 3:Hnh 2.4
S phng n 3
1.Xc nh tn tht in nng trong cc TBA Trn c s chn cng sut cc MBA mc
2.1.4 tra bng ta c kt qu chn MBA cho cc TBAPX ca phng n 3.Bng 2.10
Kt qu chn MBA cho phng n 3Tn trm(kVA)(kV)(kW)(kW)S myn gi
Thnh tin
B1160035/0,42,4162223,2446,4
B2160035/0,42,4162223,2446,4
B3100035/0,41,68102141,6283,2
B475035/0,41,357,1298,4196,8
B5100035/0,41,68102141,6283,2
B6160035/0,42,4162223,2446,4
B750035/0,41,065,47280160
B840035/0,40,924,616767
Tng vn u t cho TBA :2329,4
p dng cng thc (2.10) tnh tn tht in nng trong cc TBA kWh - Trm
bin p 1 65895,6 kWh Cc TBA khc tnh tng t kt qu ghi trong bng (2.11)
Bng 2.11 Kt qu tnh ton tn tht in nng trong cc TBA ca phng n
3TnTBASMyS tt(kVA)S m(kVA)P0(kW)PN(kW)A(kWh)
B122949,916002,41665859,6
B222666,7816002,41663574
B321892,5410001,681044710
B4214077501,357,134403,58
B52152410001,681041735
B62237216002,41661194,78
B727665001,065,4725335,57
B815874000,924,635304
Tng tn tht in nng trong cc TBA 372116,5 (kWh)
2.Chn dy dn,xc nh tn tht in nng trong mng in a,chn cp t TPPTT v
cc TBAPXT TPPTT n cc TBAPX dng cp ng 36 kV,3 li cch in XLPE ai thp
,v PVC do hng Furukawa Nht Bn sn xut.Cp kp ,khong cch gia 2 cp l
300 mmTra bng vi cp kp vi cp n . - Chn cp t TPPTT n B1 Tra bng [PL
V.19] trang 308 ta chn cp 50 ,.Kim tra dy dn va chn theo iu kin pht
nng .=2.24,3 = 48,6 A < 186Vy chn cp c tit din 50v,Cch chn cp vi
cc TBA cn li tng t nh trn tao c kt qu trong bng (2.12)Bng 2.12 Kt
qu chn cp phng n 3ng cpCp(mL(m)/km)Ga(Thnh tin
TPPTT B12 XLPE(3x50)700,4941309,1
TPPTT B22 XLPE(3x50)200,4941302,6
TPPTT B32 XLPE(3x50)900,49413011,7
TPPTT B42 XLPE(3x50)112,50,494130101,25
TPPTT B52 XLPE(3x50)2250,49413029,25
TPPTT B62 XLPE(3x50)1800,49413023,4
TPPTT B72 XLPE(3x50)2250,494130101,25
TPPTT B8XLPE (3x50)1900,49413024,7
B8 PX7PVC (3x150+70)2300,12430069
Tng vn u t cho ng dy 372,25.
b,Xc nh tn tht cng sut tc dng trn ng dy p dng cng thc (2.15) kW
Ta c: -TPPTT B1: 0,494.70.=0,12 kWCc TBA khc tnh tng t ta c kt qu
trong bng 2.13
Bng 2.13 Kt qu tnh ton phng n 3ng cpCp(mL(m)/km)S(kVA)(kW)
TPPTT B12 XLPE(3x50)700,4942949,90,12
TPPTT B22 XLPE(3x50)200,4942666,780,03
TPPTT B32 XLPE(3x50)900,4941892,540,06
TPPTT B42 XLPE(3x50)112,50,49414070,05
TPPTT B52 XLPE(3x50)2250,49415240,1
TPPTT B62 XLPE(3x50)1800,49423720,2
TPPTT B72 XLPE(3x50)2250,4947660,026
TPPTT B8XLPE(3x50)1900,4945870,026
B8 PX7PVC (3x150+70)2300,12423811,2
Tng tn tht cng sut tc dng trn ng dy
c, Xc nh tn tht in nng trn ng dy :Cng thc : Thay s : 11,8.
4036,3 = 47628,34 kWh3.Chi ph cho my ctu vo TPPTT s dng 2 my
ct(MC)35 kV.Dng thanh gp 2 phn on,gia 2 phn on t 1 MC lin lc 35
kV.Nh my c 8 TBAPX vi tng s 15 MBA, mi u 1 MBA t mt my ct 35 kV.Tt
c dng my ct hp b ca Siemens c gi tr l 160..Vy trong mng cao p ca nh
my ta s dng tt c 18 MC 35kV vi tng chi ph
4.Chi ph tnh ton ca phng n 3Vn u t : 2329,4372,25. = 5581,6. Tng
tn tht in nng trong cc TBA v trn ng dy 372116,5 + 47628,34 =
419744,8 kWhp dng cng thc (2.9)tm c chi ph tnh ton ca phng n 3 = (
= (0,1+0,2). 5581,6. + 1000.419744,8 = 2094.
2.2.4 phng n 4Hnh 2.5 S phng n 4
1.Xc nh tn tht in nng trong cc TBA Trn c s chn cng sut cc MBA mc
2.1.4 tra bng ta c kt qu chn MBA cho cc TBAPX ca phng n .Bng 2.14
Kt qu chn MBA cho phng n 4Tn trm(kVA)(kV)(kW)(kW)S myn gi
Thnh tin
B1160035/0,42,4162223,2446,4
B2160035/0,42,4162223,2446,4
B3100035/0,41,68102141,6283,2
B4100035/0,41,68102141,6283,2
B5100035/0,41,68102141,6283,2
B6160035/0,42,4162223,2446,4
B750035/0,41,065,47280160
Tng vn u t cho TBA :2348,8
p dng cng thc (2.10) tnh tn tht in nng trong TBA - Trm bin p 1
101577 kWh Cc TBA khc tnh tng t kt qu ghi trong bng (2.15) Bng 2.15
Kt qu tnh ton tn tht in nng trong cc TBA ca phng n 4TnTBASMyS
tt(kVA)S m(kVA)P0(kW)PN(kW)A(kWh)
B122949,916002,416101577
B222666,7816002,41695863,6
B321892,5410001,681067625
B42175610001,681064869,68
B52176210001,681064990,76
B62237216002,41689915
B727665001,065,4735482
Tng tn tht in nng trong cc TBA 294599 (kWh)
2.Chn dy dn,xc inh tn tht in nng trong mng in a,chn cp t TBATT v
cc TBAPX - Chn cp t TBATT n B1 Tra bng [PL V.19] trang 308 ta chn
cp 50 ,.Kim tra dy dn va chn theo iu kin pht nng .=2.24,3 = 48,6 A
< 186Vy chn cp c tit din 50v,Cch chn cp vi cc TBA cn li tng t nh
trn tao c kt qu trong bng (2.16)
Bng 2.16 Kt qu chn cp phng n 4ng cpCp(mL(m)/km)Ga(Thnh tin
TBATT B12 XLPE(3x50)700,4941309,1
TBATT B22 XLPE(3x50)200,4941302,6
TBATT B32 XLPE(3x50)900,49413011,7
TBATT B42 XLPE(3x50)112,50,49413014,625
TBATT B52 XLPE(3x50)2250,49413029,25
TBATT B62 XLPE(3x50)1800,49413023,4
TBATT B72 XLPE(3x50)2250,49413029,25
B4 PX9PVC (3x95+50)1900,19312523,75
B5 PX7PVC (3x50+35)2300,3876013,8
Tng vn u t cho ng dy 157,47.
b,Xc nh tn tht cng sut tc dng trn ng dy p dng cng thc (2.15) kW
Ta c :-TPPTT B1: 0,494.70.=1,5 kWCc TBA cn li tnh tng t ta c kt qu
bng 2.17Bng 2.17 Kt qu tnh ton phng n 4ng
cpCp(mL(m)/km)S(kVA)(kW)
TPPTT B12 XLPE(3x50)700,4942949,91,23
TPPTT B22 XLPE (3x35)200,4942666,780,03
TPPTT B32 XLPE (3x25)900,4941892,540,065
TPPTT B42 XLPE (3x16)112,50,49417560,07
TPPTT B52 XLPE (3x16)2250,49417620,14
TPPTT B62 XLPE (3x25)1800,49423720,2
TPPTT B72 XLPE (3x16)2250,4947660,026
B4 PX9PVC (3x95+50)2000,19334932,56
B5 PX7PVC (3x50+35))1000,38723815,2
Tng tn tht cng sut tc dng trn ng dy
c, Xc nh tn tht in nng trn ng dy :Cng thc : Thay s : 49,5.
4036,3 = 199776 kWh3.Chi ph cho my ct u vo TPPTT s dng 2 my
ct(MC)35 kV.Dng thanh gp 2 phn on,gia 2 phn on t 1 MC lin lc 35
kV.Nh my c 7 TBAPX vi tng s 14 MBA, mi u 1 MBA t mt my ct 35 kV.Tt
c dng my ct hp b ca Siemens c gi tr l 160..Vy trong mng cao p ca nh
my ta s dng tt c 17 MC 35kV vi tng chi ph
4.Chi ph tnh ton ca phng n 4Vn u t 2348,8157,47. = 5226,27. Tng
tn tht in nng trong cc TBA v trn ng dy 294599+ 199776 = 494375 kWhp
dng cng thc (2.9)tm c chi ph tnh ton ca phng n 1 = ( = (0,1+0,2).
5226,27. + 1000.494375 = 2062. 2.3.SO SNH CH TIU KINH T CC PHNG N
Bng 2.18 Bng so snh ch tiu kinh t cc phng nPhng n K( (kWh)Z
16108,610004722833
25650,61137112,72832
35581,6419744,82094
45226,274943752062
Nhn xt: T bng tng kt 4 phng n ta c th loi ngay 2 phng n u. Phng
n 3 v phng n 4 c chi ph tnh ton chnh lch nhau khng qu 5% nn ta s
chn phng n c tn tht in nng t hn.Vy ta chn phng n 3 l phng n ti u
tnh ton.2.4 .THIT K CHI TIT CHO PHNG N C CHN Phng n 3 c chn s dng
TPPTT 35kV nhn in t h thng v cp in cho 8 TBAPX h p t 35kV/0,4kV
cung cp cho cc phn xng .Hnh 2.6 S phng n ti u
2.4.1. Chn dy dn t TBA khu vc v TPPTT ng dy t TBA khu vc v TPPTT
ca nh my di 10km,s dng ng dy trn khng, dy nhm li thp l kp do CADIVI
ch to. Chn dy dn theo mt dng kinh t ,vi = 5548h,dng dy nhm AC, tra
bng 4.3 ( trang 194 TL2 - S tay la chn v tra cu thit b in t 0,4 n
500 kV - Ng Hng Quang) vi dy dn AC c thi gian s dng cng2 sut ln nht
T max = 5548(h), ta c J kt = 1 (A/m).
Tra [bng 4.6 trang 228 trong( S tay la chn v tra cu thit b in t
0,4 n 500 kV - Ng Hng Quang) ta chn dy 150 ,/km. Vi dy AC -150
khong cch trung bnh hnh hc 3,5m tra [bng 4.71 TL2] tm c /km.Kim tra
dy dn va chn theo iu kin pht nng. = 139,8.2 = 279,6 A < Vy dy dn
chn tha mn iu kin pht nng.Kim tra dy dn theo iu kin tn tht in p
.
dy chn tha mn iu kin tn tht in p .2.4.2. Tnh ton ngn mch pha cao
p 1.Mc ch ca tnh ton ngn mch Ngn mch (NM) trong HT ch hin tng cc dy
dn pha chp nhau, chp t (trong HT c trung im ni t) hoc chp dy trung
tnh. Lc xy ra ngn mch tng tr ca h thng gim i (ging nh mch in b ngn
li) dng in tng ln ng k gi l dng in ngn mch.Mc ch tnh ton ngn mch l
chn v kim tra thit b m bo cho HTCC vn hnh an ton, tin cy v kinh
t.2.Chn im tnh ngn mch v tnh ton
Hnh 2.7 S nguyn l tnh ngn mch pha cao p
in khng ca h thng in c tnh theo cng thc: X = () S : Cng sut ca
my ct MC (ngn mch v pha h p ca my bin p trung p h thng). S = 250
(MVA) U : in p trung bnh ca ng dy U = 1,05.U = 1,05.35 = 36,75 (kV)
in tr khng ca ng dy:R = ; X = Trong : r , x: in tr v in khng trn 1
km dy dy dn ( /km)L: Chiu di ng dy (l = 10 km) Do ngn mch xa ngun
nn dng ngn mch siu qu I bng dng in ngn mch n nh I nn ta c th vit: I
= I = I = Trong : Z : Tng tr t h thng in n im ngn mch cn tnh () U :
in p trung bnh ca ng dy.Tr s dng in ngn mch xung kch c tnh theo biu
thc: I = 1,8.. I (kA)Thng s ca DK v cp c tnh nh bng 2.19Bng 2.19
Thng s ca DK v cpng dyLoi dyL (km)r0 (/km)x0 (/km)R ()X ()
HT-TPPTTAC-150100,3982,0393,98
TPPTT-B1XLPE(3x50)0,070,4940,1370,0340,01
TPPTT-B2XLPE(3x50)0,020,4940,1370,010,003
TPPTT-B3XLPE(3x50)0,090,4940,1370,040,01
TPPTT-B4XLPE(3x50)0,1120,4940,1370,050,015
TPPTT-B5XLPE(3x50)0,2250,4940,1370,10,03
TPPTT-B6XLPE(3x50)0,1800,4940,1370.090,02
TPPTT-B7XLPE(3x50)0,2250,4940,1370,10,03
TPPTT-B8XLPE(3x50)0,1900,4940,1370,090,026
Hnh 2.8 S thay th mng cao p
+ Tnh ton im ngn mch N ti thanh gp TPPTTX = = = 5,4 () R = R =
2,039 = = 9,6
I = = = 2,21 kA I = 1,8. .I = 1,8. .2,21 = 5,6 kA+ Tnh im ngn
mch th N11 ti thanh ci ca TBAPX. =
= 1,8. . = 1,8. .2,2 = 5,6 kATnh ton tng t vi c trng hp cn li ta
c kt qu ngn mch trong bng 2.20Bng 2.20 Kt qu tnh ton ngn mchim ngn
mch (kA)
N2,215,69,6
N112,25,69,62
N122,355,989,6
N132,25,69,62
N142,25,69,62
N152,25,69,65
N162,25,69,64
N172,25,59,65
N182,25,69,64
+ Tnh in tr ca MBAPX
RB = ;XB = Thay s ta tnh c in tr v in khng ca cc MBAPX nh trong
bng 2.21.
Bng 2.21 Thng s MBAPX
Tn trmSm (kVA)PN (kW)UN% (kW)RB ()XB ()ZB ()
B11600166,57,6549,7750,36
B21600166,57,6549,7750,36
B3100010612,2573,574,51
B47507,15,515,4689,8391,15
B5100010612,2573,574,51
B61600166,57,6549,7750,36
B75005,47526,8122,5125,40
B84004,6535,2235,22157,13
* Qui i t cp 35kV v 0,4 kV:
Cng thc:Zq = Z35.= Z35. Thay s vo tnh ta c kt qu nh trong bng
2.22.Trong : Z2i = Z1i + ZBi.
Bng 2.22 Kt qu qui i t 35kV v 0,4kV
ZBi35Kv0,4kVZ1i35kV0,4KvZ2i0,4kV
50,360,0069,620,0010,007
50,360,0069,60,0010,007
74,510,0099,620,0010,01
91,150,019,620,0010,011
74,510,0099,650,0010,01
50,360,0069,640,0010,007
125,400,0159,650,0010,015
157,130,0189,640,0010,019
* Tnh NM ti N2i:p dng cng thc:
IN2i = = ;IxkN2i = 1,8..IN2iThay s vo tnh ta c kt qu nh trong
bng 2.23.
Bng 2.23 Kt qu tnh ton NM pha h p TBAPX
Z21Z22Z23Z24Z25Z26Z27Z28
iNM (kA)33332321233315,412,15
ixk (kA)848458,7953,458,798439.231
2.4.3. La chn v kim tra cc thit b in 1. Trm PPTT Nh my luyn kim
en thuc h tiu th loi 1, do tnh cht quan trng ca nh my nn TPPTT c cp
in t 2 ng dy ni vi HT quan mt thanh gp c phn on, lin lc gia 2 phn
on l mt my ct hp b (MCHB). Trn mi phn on c t 1 MBA o lng 3 pha 5 tr
c cun tam gic h bo chm t 1 pha trn cp 35 kV. chng st truyn t ng dy
vo vo trm trn mi phn on t 1 chng st van. My bin dng c t trn tt c cc
l vo ra ca trm bin i dng in thnh dng 5A cung cp cho cc dng c o lng
v bo v.
a ) Chn my ct, thanh gpiu kin la chn MC:in p nh mc: U = 36 U =
35 (kV)Dng in nh mc: I = 1250 (A) I = 2.I = 2.139,8 = 279,6 (A)Dng
in ct nh mc: I = 25 (kA) I = 2,21 (kA)Dng in n nh cho php: i = 63
(kA) I = 5,6 (kA) Chn t my ct hp b ca hng Siemens, loi 8DC11, cch
in bng SF6, h thng thanh gp t sn trong t c Im = 1250A.
Bng 2.24 Chn my ct cho TPPTT
inp(kV)imngnmchi lng tnh tonLoi mycti lng nh mc
Icb(A)IN(kA)Ixk(kA)Um(kV)Im(A)Icm(kA)Im(kA)
35N279,62,215,68DC113612502563
MC c Im > 1000A nn khng cn kim tra n nh nhit.Thanh dn chn vt
cp nn khng cn kim tra n nh ng.
Hnh 2.9 S ghp ni TPPTT
b) La chn v kim tra my bin dng in BI: My bin dng in BI c chc nng
bin i dng in s cp c tr s bt k xung 5A (hoc 1A v 10A) nhm cp ngun
dng cho o lng, t ng ha v bo v rle. BI c chn theo iu kin: + in p nh
mc: U U = 35 (kV)
+ Dng in s cp nh mc: I1mBI + Ph ti cun dy th cp: S2mBI Stt
+ H s n nh ng: K
+ H s n nh nhit: Knh Tra [Bng 8.8 TL2] trang 387 chn my bin dng
in 4MA76 kiu hnh hp do Siemens ch to c cc thng s k thut sau:
Bng 2.25 Thng s k thut BI 4MA76
Um (kV)I1m (A)I2m (A)In1s (kA)I (kA)
3620-200001 hoc 580120
c)Chn my bin p o lng BUiu kin la chn: + in p nh mc s cp: UmBU
Umng + Ph ti mt pha: S2mph Sph + Sai s cho php: N% [N%]Tra [Bng
8.13 TL2] trang 392 chn my bin in p 4MS36 kiu hnh tr do Siemens ch
to c cc thng s k thut sau:
Bng 2.26 Thng s k thut BU 4MS36
Um (kV)U1m (kV)U2m (V)Ti nh mc (VA)
3635/120/400
d) Chn chng st vaniu kin la chn:UmCSV UmngTra [Bng 8.2 TL2]trang
381 chn chng st van 3EE1 do Siemens ch to.
Bng 2.27 Thng s chng st van 3EE1
LoiUlimax (kV)Ulvmax (kV)Iphngm (kA)Vt liu v
3EE136421S
2. Trm BAPXV cc TBAPX t rt gn TPPTT nn pha cao p ch cn t dao cch
ly v cu ch. Pha h p t aptomat tng v aptomat nhnh.Vi trm 1 MBA, t 1
t aptomat tng v 1 t aptomat nhnh.Vi trm 2 MBA, t 2 t aptomat tng v
2 t aptomat nhnh, dng thanh gp h p phn on bng 1 aptomat phn on.Chn
t cao p 8DA10 ca Siemens c cc thng s k thut sau:
Bng 2.28 Thng s k thut t cao p 8DA10
Loi tUm (kV)Im (A)INMmax (kA)Icm (kA)
8DA1036250011040
Hnh 2.10 S u ni cc trm t 1 MBA
Hnh 2.11 - S u ni cc trm t 2 MBA
a) Chn dao cch ly cp 35kV:iu kin la chn: + in p nh mc: UmDCL
Umng + Dng in lu di nh mc: ImDCL Icb + Dng ngn mch xung kch cho
php: Im Ixk
+ Dng in n nh nhit: Inhm Tra [Bng 2.35 TL2] trang 129 chn dao
cch ly 3DC do Siemens ch to c cc thng s k thut sau:
Bng 2.29 Thng s k thut DCL 3DC
LoiUm (kV)Im (A)INt (kA)Im (kA)
3DC3610002560
Kim tra: + UmDCL = 36 kV > Umng = 35 kV + ImDCL = 1000 A >
2.IttNM = 2.139,8 = 279,6 A + Im = 60 kA > max {IxkN1i} = IxkN12
= 5,98 kADCL c Im t 1000A tr ln khng phi kim tra n nh nhit.b)Chn cu
ch cp 35kV:iu kin la chn: + in p nh mc: UmCC Umng + Dng in nh mc:
ImCC Icb
+ Cng sut ct nh mc: Smc
+ Dng in ct nh mc : Imc Tra [Bng 2.21 TL2] trang 122 chn cu ch
3GD1 608-5D do Siemens ch to c cc thng s k thut sau:
Bng 2.30 Thng s k thut ca cu ch 3GD1 608-5D
LoiUm (kV)Im (A)IcN (kA)IcNmin (A)
3GD1 608-5D364031,5315
Kim tra: + UmCC = 36 kV > Umng = 35 kV
+ ImCC = 40 A Icb = = = 36,96 A + IcN = 31,6 kA > max {IN1i}
= IN12 = 5,98 kAc) Chn aptomat: Chn aptomat tng v aptomat phn on:
iu kin la chn: + UmA Umng = 0,38 kV+ ImA IlvmaxVi trm 1 MBA:
Ilvmax = Vi trm 2 MBA:
Ilvmax = = +Aptomat c chn phi kim tra kh nng ct NM Inmax IN2i.+S
dng aptomat khng kh do Merlin Gerin ch to.Tra [bng 3.8] trang 150
ta c bng kt qu bng 2.29
Bng 2.31 Kt qu chn aptomat
tngTBASm(kVA)SMBAIlvmax(A)ATMUm(V)Im(A)INmax(kA)
B1,B2,B6160063403M40690400075
B3,B5100042127M25690250055
B475021595M16690160040
B750021063M12690125040
B84001608M0869080040
Chn aptomat nhnh:iu kin la chn:+ UmA Umng = 0,38 kV
+ ImA Ittpx = (n: s aptomat a in v phn xng)S dng aptomat kiu hp
do Merlin Gerin ch to.Ta chn aptomat nhnh cho cc PX nh trong bng
2.30 (tra bng 3.6 trang 149)
Bng 2.32 Kt qu chn aptomat
nhnhPXSttpx(kVA)NIttpx(A)ATMUm(V)Im(A)INmax(kA)
PX12949,922241CM2500H690250050
PX22666,7822026CM2500H690250050
PX31892,5421438CM1600H690160050
PX4140721069CM1250H690125050
PX5152421158CM1250H690125050
PX6237221802CM2000690200050
PX72321361NS400H69040020
PX87662582NS630H69063020
PX93491530NS630H69063020
d) Chn thanh gp h p: Thanh gp c chn theo iu kin pht nng cho
php:
k1.k2.Icp Icb = (2.17)Trong :+ k1 = 1 vi thanh gp t ng+ k2 = 1:
h s hiu chnh nhit theo mi trngChn thanh gp bng ng, mi pha ghp N
thanh nh bng 2.31(Tra bng 7.2 trang 362)
Bng 2.33 Kt qu la chn thanh gp h p
TBAStt (kVA)Icb (A)Thanh gpNIcp (A)
B12949,94482100 x 10 mm34650
B22666,784052120 x 8 mm34340
B31892,54287580 x 10 mm23100
B41407213860 x 8 mm22160
B51524231560 x 10 mm22560
B623723604100 x 10 mm23610
B7766116460 x 10 mm11175
B858789250 x 6 mm1955
Kim tra n nh ng:
cp tt = 1,76.10-3. ..(2.18)Trong :+ cp: ng sut cho php, thanh gp
ng cp = 1400 kG/cm2+ l: khong cch gia cc s ca 1 pha, ly l = 60 cm+
a: khong cch gia cc pha, ly a = 15 cm+ ixk: dng ngn mch xung kch ti
im N2i+ b: chiu rng tit din thanh gp+ h: chiu di tit din thanh
gp
tt = 1,76.10-3. ..= 2,53. (2.19)Thay s tnh ton ta c kt qu nh bng
2.34.
Bng 2.34 Tnh ton kim tra n nh ng thanh gp h p
TBAThanh gp (cm)ixk (kA)tt (kG/cm2)cp kG/cm2)
B110 x 1 cm84178,5
1400
B212 x 0,8 cm84155
B38 x 1 cm58,79136,6
B46 x 0,8 cm53,4250
B56 x 1 cm58,79243
B610 x 1 cm84178,5
B76 x 1 cm39,2108
B85 x0, 6 cm31162
Vy cc thanh gp u tha mn iu kin n nh ng.3. Cp 35kVTa chn cp nh
bng 2.7.Dng cng thc sau kim tra cp chn theo iu kin n nh nhit.
F ..(2.20)Trong :+ : h s nhit , vi cp li ng = 6
+ : dng in ngn mch n nh (= I N)+ tq: thi gian qui i, tq = f
(,t)
+ = = 1+ t: thi gian tn ti ngn mch, ly t = 0,5s V tt c cp ta chn
u c tit din 50 mm2 nn ta kim tra vi ng cp c dng ngn mch ln nht IN12
= 2,35
F 6.2,35. = 9 mm2Vy ta chn cp 50 mm2 l tha mn.
CHNG 3: THIT K MNG H P PX SCCK
Phn xng sa cha c kh c tng din tch 1255 m2, gm 70 thit b c chia
lm 7 nhm. Cng sut tnh ton ca PX l 232 kVA, trong c 18,8 kW s dng
cho h thng chiu sng. cp in cho PX ta s dng s hn hp. in nng t trm
bin p B8 c a v t phn phi ca PX. Trong t phn phi t 1 aptomat tng v 8
aptomat nhnh cp in cho 7 t ng lc v 1 t chiu sng. T t phn phi n cc t
ng lc v t chiu sng s dng s hnh tia thun tin cho vic qun l v vn hnh.
Mi t ng lc cp in cho mt nhm ph ti theo s hn hp, cc ph ti c cng sut
ln v quan trng s nhn in trc tip t thanh ci ca t, cc ph ti c cng sut
b v t quan trng hn c ghp thnh cc nhm nh nhn in t t theo s lin thng.
d dng thao tc v tng thm tin cy cung cp in. Ti cc u vo v ra ca t u t
cc ptmt lm nhim v ng ct, bo v qu ti v ngn mch cho cc thit b trong
PX.3.1. LA CHN THIT B3.1.1. Chn aptomat u ngun cp in cho ton PX ta
t 1 t phn phi ngay st tng PX v nm trong PX. Trong t h p ca TBA B8 u
ng dy n t phn phi ta chn 1 aptomat u ngun loi NS400H ca Merlin
Gerin [Bng 3.6] trang 149 c cc thng s k thut nh sau:
Bng 3.1 Thng s k thut aptomat NS400H
LoiUm (V)Im (A)INmax (kA)
NS400H69040020
3.1.2. Chn cp t trm B8 v phn xng 7Cp c chn theo iu kin pht nng
cho php.Dng cp ng h p 3 li + trung tnh, cch in PVC ca hng LENS -
Php ch to.Imax = = = 353,6 ATra [Bng 4.23]trang 247 chn cp
(3x150+70) mm2 c Icp = 397A.Kim tra li theo iu kin kt hp vi thit b
bo v (aptomat):
Icp = = = 333,33 A(IknhA: dng in khi ng nhit ca aptomat)Vy cp
chn tha mn.3.1.3. Chn aptomat v thanh gp cho t phn phi T phn phi gm
1 u vo v 8 u ra. Trong 7 u ra cung cp cho 7 t ng lc cn 1 u ra cung
cp cho t chiu sng. Tra [PL IV.18 TL1] chn t phn phi do Simens ch to
c kch thc: di 2200mm, rng 1000mm, su 1000mm.
Hnh 3.1 S nguyn l t phn phi
1. Chn aptomat tngiu kin la chn:UmA Umng = 0,38 kVImA Imax =
361,6Chn aptomat loi NS400H do Merlin Gerin ch to c cc thng s nh
trong bng 3.1.2. Chn aptomat nhnh:iu kin la chn: UmA Umng = 0,38
kV
ImA Itt = Chn aptomat do Merlin Gerin ch to. Tra [bng 3.4] trang
148 ta c bng la chn aptomat cho cc nhm thit b v chiu sng nh trong
bng 3.2.Bng 3.2 Kt qu chn aptomat nhnh NhmT LStt (kVA)Itt(A)Loi
ATMUm(V)Im(A)INmax(kA)
1L13756C60N440636
2L24365,3NC100H4401006
3L326,4540DPNN440406
4L464,598NS100N6901008
5L52538DPNN440406
6L53756C60N440636
7L729,444,66C60N440636
CSTCS18,828,56DPNa440324,5
3.1.4. Chn cp t TBA n cc t ng lc Cc ng cp t TBA n cc TL c i
trong rnh cp nm dc tng pha trong v bn cnh li i li ca phn xng. Cp c
chn theo iu kin pht nng cho php:Khc.Icp Itt (khc = 1) Kim tra li
theo iu kin kt hp vi thit b bo v (aptomat):
Icp = Tra [Bng 4.24]trang 249 chn cp ng h p 4 li cc in PVC do
LENS Php ch to. Ta c kt qu chn cp nh trong bng 3.3.
Bng 3.3 Kt qu chn cp t TPP n cc TL
ng cpItt (A)ImA (A)Iknh/1,5 (A)Loi cpIcp (A)
TBA-L1375646,663 G 654
TBA-L24365,354,43 G 1075
TBA-L326,454033,33 G 442
TBA-L464,59881,663 G 16100
TBA-L5253831,663 G 442
TBA-L6375646,663 G 654
TBA-L729,444,6637,23 G442
TPP-TCS28,563226,74 G 1,531
3.1.5. Chn thanh gp cho cc TL Chn theo iu kin pht nng cho
php:
Icp Itt = Chn thanh gp bng ng tra [bng7.2] trang 362 ta c kt qu
nh bng 3.4.
Bng 3.4 Chn thanh gp cho cc TL
TLItt (kVA)Thanh gpIcp (A)
TL13725x3 mm340
TL24325x3 mm340
TL326,4525x3 mm340
TL464,525x3 mm340
TL52525x3 mm340
TL63725x3 mm340
TL729,425x3 mm340
TCS28,5625x3 mm340
3.1.6. Chn cp v aptomat t TL n cc thit b Tra [PL IV.18 TL1] chn
TL do Siemens ch to c kch thc: di 2200 mm, rng 1000 mm, su 1000 mm,
c sn CD-CC v KT, mi t gm 8 u ra.Itt = =A- Chn aptomat:UmA UmtbImA
Itt Chn aptomat do Merlin Gerin ch to, tra [Bng 3.3 TL2].- Chn
cp:Icp Itt
Icp = Chn cp ng h p 4 li cch in PVC do LENS Php ch to, tra [Bng
4.24 TL2].Ta c kt qu chn cp v aptomat t TL n tng thit b nh trong
bng 3.5.
Bng 3.5 Kt qu chn cp v aptomat
Thit bAptomatCp
KhiuTn thit bS lng Pm(kW)Itt(A)LoiIm(A)Iknh/1,5(A)LoiIcp(A)
Nhm 1
2My tin t ng3512,66C60N1613,33 G 1,531
3My tin t ng21435,45C60N4033,33 G 1,531
4My tin t ng2615,2C60N1613,33 G 1,531
5My t ng125C60N653 G 1,531
12My bo ngang1922,8C60N2520,83 G 1,531
Nhm 2
19My mi trn1612,5C60N1613,33 G 1,531
1My tin ren1512,66C60N1613,33 G 1,531
6My tin rvnve125C60N653 G 1,531
7My phay vn nng237,6C60N108,333 G 1,531
9My phay ng21435,45C60N4033,33 G 1,531
18My mi phng2922,8C60N2520,83 G 1,531
Nhm 3
20My mi trong137,6C60N108,333 G 1,531
29Ca my125C60N653 G 1,531
13My xc2820,2C60N2520,83 G 1,531
8My phay ngang125C60N653 G 1,531
16My doa ngang1512,66C60N1613,33 G 1,531
17My khoan hng tm125C60N653 G 1,531
14My xc137,6C60N108,333 G 1,531
10My phay ng1717,7C60N2016,673 G 1,531
Nhm 4
11My mi125C60N653 G 1,531
15My khoan vn nng1512,66C60N1613,33 G 1,531
27My mi ph137,6C60N108,333 G 1,531
28Ca tay112,5C60N653 G 1,531
21My mi dao gt137,6C60N108,333 G 1,531
22My mi sc vn nng112,5C60N653 G 1,531
31L in kiu bung13076NC100H10083,33 G 1087
32L in kiu ng12563,3NC100H1008333 G 1087
33L in kiu b13076NC100H10083,33 G 1087
34B in phn11025,3C60N3226,63 G 1,531
Nhm 5
23My khoan bn212,5C60N653 G 1,531
24My p kiu trc khuu125C60N653 G 1,531
65Bn ngui312,5C60N653 G 1,531
Thit bAptomatCp
KhiuTn thit bS lng Pm(kW)Itt(A)LoiIm(A)Iknh/1,5(A)LoiIcp(A)
66My cun dy112,5C60N653 G 1,531
67Bn th nghim11538C60N4033,33 G 2,541
68B tm c t nng1410C60N1613,33 G 1,531
69T xy125C60N653 G 1,531
70Khoan bn112,5C60N653 G 1,531
Nhm 6
49My xc 137,6C60N108,333 G 1,531
43My tin ren21025,3C60N3226,63 G 1,531
52My khoan ng125C60N653 G 1,531
51My mi trn1717,7C60N2016,673 G 1,531
50My bo ngang2820,2C60N2520,83 G 1,531
48My phay rng137,6C60N108,333 G 1,531
45My tin ren1512,66C60N1613,33 G 1,531
Nhm 7
44My tin ren1717,7C60N2016,673 G 1,531
46My phay ngang137,6C60N108,333 G 1,531
47My phay vn nng137,6C60N108,333 G 1,531
53Ba nn kh11025,3C60N3226,63 G 1,531
54Qut225C60N653 G 1,531
57My bin p hn112,531,6C60N3226,63 G 1,531
58My mi ph137,6C60N108,333 G 1,531
59Khoan in112,5C60N653 G 1,531
60My ct125C60N653 G 1,531
Hnh 3.12 S nguyn l h thng cung cp in cho PXSCCK
66
