đồ án chuyên ngành PLC

Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in

Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 1

MC LC

LI NI U ................................................................................................................................. 2

CHNG 1: KHI QUT V TI V YU CU .......................................................... 3

CHNG 2: THIT K CHNG TRNH IU KHIN.................................................... 5

2.1. Xy dng chng trnh iu khin ................................................................................. 5

2.2. Hm iu khin ................................................................................................................. 9

2.3. S r le tip im ...................................................................................................... 10

CHNG 3: LA CHN THIT B ........................................................................................ 12

3.1. Chn PLC ........................................................................................................................ 12

3.2. Thit k s u dy ................................................................................................... 13

3.3. Mch lc .......................................................................................................................... 14

3.4. La chn thit b ............................................................................................................. 15

3.4.1. La chn xylanh ...................................................................................................... 15

3.4.2. La chn cng tc hnh trnh .................................................................................... 16

3.4.3. La chn van phn phi ............................................................................................. 16

3.4.4. La chn r le trung gian........................................................................................... 17

3.4.5. La chn nt n........................................................................................................... 18

3.4.6. La chn cu ch ......................................................................................................... 18

CHNG 4: LP TRNH PLC V THIT K GIAO

DIN IU KHIN ..................................................................................................................... 19

4.2. Giao din nt bm v cm bin..................................................................................... 23

4.3. Giao din gim st s hot ng ca h thng............................................................ 24



LI NI U

Hin nay trong cng nghip hin i ha t nc, yu cu ng dng t ng ha

ngy cng cao v trong i sng sinh hot, sn xut (yu cu iu khin t ng, linh hot,

tin li, gn nh). Mt khc, nh cng ngh thng tin, cng ngh in t pht trin

nhanh chng lm xut hin mt loi thit b iu khin kh trnh PLC.

thc hin cng vic mt cch khoa hc nhm t c s lng sn phm ln,

nhanh m li tin li v kinh t. Cc cng ty, x nghip sn xut thng s dng cng ngh

lp trnh PLC s dng cc loi phn mm t ng. Dy chuyn sn xut t ng PLC lm

gim sc lao ng ca cng nhn m sn xut li t hiu qu cao p ng kp thi cho i

sng x hi. Qua n ny, em s tm hiu v lp trnh PLC v ng dng n vo iu

khin h thng ng hp bng hai bng ti ca cc cng ty, x nghip sn xut.

Di y l chng trnh iu khin vit cho h thng ng hp t ng. Trong qu

trnh thc hin n cn gp nhiu kh khn tuy vy n cng chnh l bi kim tra kho

st kin thc tng hp ca mi sinh vin, v cng l iu kin cho sinh vin ngnh t

ng ha t tm hiu v nghin cu kin thc v PLC. Mc d vy, vi sinh vin ang ngi

trong gh nh trng th kinh nghim thc t cn cha c nhiu, do cn phi c s

hng dn gip ca thy gio. Qua y cho em c gi li cm n ti thy gio

TS.Dng Minh c tn tnh ch dn, gip em hon thnh tt n mn hc ny.

n ny hon thnh khng nhng gip em c c thm nhiu kin thc hn v mn

hc m cn gip em dc tip xc vi mt phng php lm vic mi ch ng hn,linh

hot hn v c bit l s quan trng ca phng php lm vic theo nhm.Qu t rnh thc

hin n l mt thi gian thc s b ch cho bn thn em v nhiu mt.

H ni, ngy 9 thng 6 nm 2015

Sinh vin

Ng c Vnh



CHNG 1: KHI QUT V TI V YU CU

ti: Cho cng ngh vn chuyn sn phm nh sau:



Yu cu:

Trng thi ban u cc xylanh thu v, van chn khng ngt, bng ti dng, h thng

cho php vn chuyn v sp xp li chiu ca cc hp sn phm t bng ti 1 sang

bng ti 2. Ln lt cc hp sn phm c a vo thng trn bng ti 2.

Sau nhn nt Start th h thng bt u hot ng. Bng ti 1 hot ng. Khi cm

bin 1B1 nhn bit c 4 hp sn phm i qua th xylanh 1A1 i ra chn cc

hp pha sau li. Sau khi 1A1 ra c 2s th xy lanh 4A1 i xung, khi ti cui

hnh trnh th van chn khng 2A1 m. Khi r le p sut KA tc ng (nhn bit

c chn khng) th xylanh 4A1 thu v. Khi 4A1 thu v ti cui hnh trnh th xylanh

3A1 xoay phi ri xylanh trt 5A1 di chuyn sang phi, ti cui hnh trnh th

xylanh 4A1 dui ra sau van chn khng ngt. 0,5s sau xylanh 4A1 thu v. Ti

cui hnh trnh th 5A1 thu v v bng ti 2 hot ng cho ti khi cm bin 2B1

nhn bit thng vo v tr th dng. Xy lanh 1A1 thu v tip tc cho cc hp

tip theo i vo v tr, chu trnh c nh vy lp li. H thng s dng li khi n Stop.



CHNG 2: THIT K CHNG TRNH IU KHIN

2.1. Xy dng chng trnh iu khin

Xy dng chng trnh Grafcet 1 cho cng ngh trn

Hnh 2.1: Chng trnh Grafcet 1



Bng phn cng u vo

STT Tn gi K hiu Loi PLC M t

1 Nt nhn bt u

hot ng

PB1 DI X0 Khi n nt th h thng bt u

hot ng

2 Cm bin 1B1 CB1 DI(NO) X1 Cm bin nhn bit 4 sn phm

3 Cm bin v tr u

4A1, u 5A1

CB2 DI(NO) X2 Cm bin v tr u xy lanh

4A1, u xy lanh 5A1

4 R le p sut KA CB3 DI(NO) X3 Cm bin chn khng

5 Cm bin v tr

cui 4A1, u 5A1

CB4 DI(NO) X4 Cm bin v tr cui xy lanh

4A1, u xy lanh 5A1

6 Cm bin v tr

u 4A1, cui 5A1

CB5 DI(NO) X5 Cm bin v tr u xy lanh

4A1, cui xy lanh 5A1

7 Cm bin 2B1 CB6 DI(NO) X6 Cm bin cho bit thng hng

vo ng v tr

8 Cm bin v tr

cui 4A1, cui 5A1

CB7 DI(NO) X7 Cm bin v tr cui xy lanh

4A1, cui xy lanh 5A1

9 Stop PB2 DI X10 Khi n nt th h thng dng

li

Tng s u vo: 9 u vo DI



Bng phn cng u ra

STT Tn gi K hiu Loi PLC M t

1 Bng ti 1 BT1 DO

Y0 Vn chuyn sn phm t u n

cui bng ti.

ng c KB 3 pha, ng ct

dng contactor 220V~, qua r le

trung gian

2 Xylanh 1A1 i ra XL1 DO Y1 Van o chiu 5/2 tc ng bng

nam chm in qua van ph tr

c 2 pha

3 Xylanh 4A1 i

xung

XL2 DO Y2 Van o chiu 5/2 tc ng bng


c 2 pha

4 Van 2A1 m 1 DO Y3 n bo 220Vac

5 Xylanh 4A1 i ln XL2 DO Y4 Van o chiu 5/2 tc ng bng


c 2 pha

6 Xylanh 3A1 xoay

phi



7 Xylanh 5A1 i sang

phi



c 2 pha

8 Van 2A1 ngt 2 DO Y7 n bo 220Vac

9 Xylanh 5A1 sang

tri



c 2 pha

10 Bng ti 2 BT2 DO Y11 Vn chuyn sn phm t u n

cui bng ti.

ng c KB 3 pha, ng ct

dng CTT 220V~, qua r le trung

gian

11 Xylanh 1A1 i vo XL1 DO Y12 Van o chiu 5/2 tc ng bng


c 2 pha

Tng s u ra: 11 u ra DO



Chng trnh grafcet 2:

Hnh 2.2: Chng trnh Grafcet 2



2.2. Hm iu khin

T chng trnh grafcet trn, vit c hm iu khin cho cng ngh:

Y0 = (g + X10.Y12 + Y0) 1Y

Y1 = (X1.Y0 + X1.Y12 +Y1) 2Y

Y2 = (T0.Y1 + X5.Y5.Y6+Y2) 73 YY

Y3 = (X4.Y2 +Y3) 4Y

Y4 = (X3.Y3 + T1.Y7 + Y4) 111065 YYYY

Y5 = (X2.Y4 + Y5) 2Y

Y6 = (X2.Y4 + Y6) 2Y

Y7 = (X7.Y2 + Y7) 4Y

Y10 = (X5.Y4 +Y10) 12Y

Y11 = (X5.Y4 +Y11) 12Y

Y12 = (X6.Y10.Y11 + Y12) 01 YY



2.3. S r le tip im

T hm iu khin trnh by nh trn, v c s rle tip im nh sau:

Hnh 2.4: S r le tip im



Hot ng ca s r le tip im:

- n g (Start), Y0 hot ng v t duy tr

- Khi X1 tc ng, Y1 hot ng v duy tr ng thi ngt Y0

- Khi timer T0 tc ng, Y2 hot ng v ngt Y1

- Khi tip im X4 ng, Y3 hot ng v t duy tr cho n khi chuyn

trng thi

- X3 tc ng, Y4 hot ng v Y3 ngng hot ng

- Cho n khi X2 ng, Y5 v Y6 hot ng v t duy tr ng thi Y4

ngng

- Nu tip im X5 ng, Y2 hot ng v ngt Y5, Y6

- Tip n X7 tc ng, Y7 hot ng v ngt Y2

- Sau , timer T1 tc ng, Y4 hot ng v ngt Y7

- Nu tip im X5 ng, Y10 v Y11 c in v hot ng ng thi

ngt in Y4

- Tip , tip im X6 tc ng, Y12 c cp in v hot ng, ngt

in Y10 v Y11

- Ti y, nu X1 tc ng th Y1 s hot ng. Nu X10 tc ng th

Y0 s hot ng v ngt Y12



CHNG 3: LA CHN THIT B

3.1. Chn PLC

Theo yu cu ca bi ton, s u vo cn thit l 9 v s u ra cn thit l 11 nn ta

chn PLC: FX3U-32MR/ES-A

B CPU vi 32 I/O: 16 u vo v 16 u ra (r le)

Ngun cung cp: 100 - 240 VAC

Cng sut tiu th: 35 W

B nh chng trnh: 64.000 Steps

ng h thi gian thc.

B m: 235

Timer: 512

C th m rng n 384 ng vo/ra

Truyn thng RS232C, RS 485.



3.2. Thit k s u dy

Hnh 3.1: s u dy



3.3. Mch lc

Trong h thng, c 2 bng ti iu khin bi 2 ng c

C iu khin bng ti 1 (BT1) C iu khin bng ti 2 (BT2)

Rle iu khin xylanh 1A1 Rle iu khin xylanh 3A1

Rle iu khin xylanh 4A1 Rle iu khin xylanh 5A1



3.4. La chn thit b

3.4.1. La chn xylanh

La chn 2 xylanh kh nn inox MA cho cc v tr xi lanh 1A1 ,4A1

u im ca xylanh kh nn dng ny l d s dng, thng lp cc v tr cht

hp, khng c din tch v cu to n gin, cht liu nh, hay dng trong mi trng sch

nh sn xut thc phm, sn xut ru bia, sn xut thuc l, dc phm .

+ La chn xylanh xoay SMC CRB2BWU10 cho v tr xi lanh 3A1

+ La chn xylanh trt FESTO model cho v tr xylanh 5 A1



3.4.2. La chn cng tc hnh trnh

La chn Cng Tc hnh trnh Omron Z-15GW22-B

3.4.3. La chn van phn phi

Van MAC c thng s k thut :

Kch thc : 10-32 UNF

Trng thi van : NC

Trng thi cun ht : thng ng.

Ngun : 24 VDC

Cng sut :1.8 W

Chiu di dy ni : 18 inch

p sut ti a : 120 PSI( 8.2bar)

Nhit hot ng : -18 n 50 oC

Thi gian p ng : 3-8 ms.



3.4.4. La chn r le trung gian

Vi van phn phi nh trn, ta chn role trung gian c thng s nh sau:

S cp tip im : 2.

Ngun cp : 24VDC.

Dng nh mc : 3A.

Cng sut ct dng : 36 W.

Kch thc : 36x28x21.5 mm.

R le loi MY ca hng Omron.



3.4.5. La chn nt n

V tr :

t ti bng iu khin.

Chc nng :

Thc hin cc hot ng iu khin qu trnh, khi ng, reset, dng c cu.

c im :

- S dng loi nt nhn c n bo m bo cho cc thao tc iu khin

ng.

- Dng ti a : 5A

3.4.6. La chn cu ch

Chn loi cu ch ngc thng s 24VDC - 2A.



CHNG 4: LP TRNH PLC V THIT K GIAO

DIN IU KHIN

4.1. Chng trnh iu khin SFC

S dng phn mm GX-develop ta c chng trnh iu khin c vit bng ngn ng

SFC:

Hnh 4.1: Chng trnh SFC



Trng thi ban u

S0:

Tr0:

S10:

Tr1:

S11:



Tr2:

Tr3:

S12:

S13:

Tr4:

Tr5:



S14:

Tr6:

Tr7:

S15:

S16:

Tr8:



Tr9:

S17:

Tr10:

Tr11:

4.2. Giao din nt bm v cm bin

- Giao din iu khin gm 2 nt bm Start v Stop

- C 7 cm bin: cm bin 1B1, cm bin v tr u 4A1 u 5A1, cm bin r

le p sut KA, cm bin v tr cui 4A1 u 5A1, cm bin v tr u 4A1

cui 5A1, cm bin 2B1, cm bin cui 4A1 cui 5A1



Hnh 4.2: Giao din nt bm v cm bin

4.3. Giao din gim st s hot ng ca h thng

Hnh 4.3: Giao din gim st



- Khi n nt Start X0, h thng bt u hot ng, bng ti 1 chy, n Y0

sng.

- Khi cm bin 1B1 X1 tc ng nhn bit 4 sn phm, xy lanh 1A1 i ra

chn sn phm li, n Y1 sng

- Sau khi xy lanh 1A1 i ra 2 giy th xy lanh 4A1 i xung, n Y2 sng

- Khi xy lanh 4A1 i ht hnh trnh gp cm bin v tr X4 th van chn khng

2A1 m, n Y3 sng

- Sau khi van 2A1 m, cm bin p sut KA X3 tc ng, xy lanh 4A1 i

ln, n Y4 sng

- Xy lanh 4A1 i ht hnh trnh ln chm cm bin v tr X2 th xy lanh 3A1

xoay phi, n Y5 sng v xy lanh 5A1 trt sang tri, n Y6 sng

- Xy lanh 5A1 sang phai n ht hnh trnh chm cm bin X5 th xy lanh 4A1

i xung, n Y2 sng

- Xy lanh 4A1 i xung n khi chm cm bin v tr X7 th van chn khng

2A1 ng, n Y7 sng

- Sau khi van 2A1 ng 0,5 giy, xy lanh 4A1 i ln, n Y4 sng

- Xy lanh 4A1 i ln cho n ht hnh trnh chm cm bin X5, xy lanh 5A1 i

sang tri, n Y10 sng, ng thi bng ti 2 bt u chy, n y11 sng

- Bng ti 2 hot ng cho ti khi cm bin 2B1 X6 tc ng nhn bit thng

i vo v tr th bng ti 2 dng, xy lanh 1A1 thu vo, n Y12 sng

- Nu n nt Stop X10 th h thng dng li, nu khng n h thng bt u

chu trnh mi.



KT LUN

Qua thi gian nghin cu v thc hin n ny, em nhn thy mnh thu c

mt lng kin thc rt c ch v PLC v ng dng ca PLC trong cng nghip

Nhm em thu c nhng kt qu nh sau:

- tm hiu v nm vng khi nim, ng dng v PLC c bit l PLC

mitsubishi FX3U

- Hiu c cch s dng phn mm GX Dveloper, GT Designer, GT Simulator v ngn ng lp trnh SFC

- Thit k h thng gim st iu khin, m phng thnh cng.

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đồ án chuyên ngành PLC