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DNA Structure and Replication 2016.notebook
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• The instructions for life are in a code.
DNA
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• The instructions for life are in a code.
Our Genome is Made of DNA Organization and packaging of DNA in the cell
Organization and Packaging of DNA in the CellClick on the nucleus to zoom in onchromosomes.
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Nucleus
genes
chromosome
nitrogen bases
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sides
(steps)sides
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ccc
c c
DEOXYRIBOSE
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PHOSPHATE GROUP
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NITROGEN BASE (one of four)
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The DNA Ladder• Phosphate and deoxyribose sugar
form the sides of the ladder.• Nitrogen bases form the steps
(rungs) of the ladder.
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• There are four different nucleotides because there are four different kinds of nitrogen bases.
T
C
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How DNA Produces Traits
• DNA contains short segments called genes.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FUA6_Ucw3i4
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• The sequence (arrangement) of the nitrogen bases in the gene control the production of a protein.
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Proteins control the trait,or characteristics of an organism.
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Nucleus
genes
chromosome
nitrogen bases
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: making copies of DNA
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Steps of DNA replication
1. Enzyme "unzips" the DNA molecule.2. The strands separate and act as a "template" (model) for forming new strands.
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3. Free nucleotides are attached to the two strands.
4. Two NEW strands of DNA are created.
5. Each is one half original, one half new.
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FUA6_Ucw3i4
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