D.N.A.DeoxyriboNucleic Acid

A molecule that contains our genetic information

Is found in the nucleus of almost all cells wound up into chromosomes.

DeoxyriboNucleic AcidDouble Helix (Twisted Ladder)

Double stranded

Made of Nucleotides: Sugar, Phosphate, Base

Has 4 nitrogen bases: Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine

Combination of these bases (order) is what makes up our traits

Nucleotides

NUCLEOTIDES

Base Pair

Base Pair

Complete the DNA strandT A C G C C C G T T A T C A T A

A ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Hydrogen

Bonds!!!

Purines (Adenine, Guanine)Pyrimidines (Thymine, Cytosine)

ReplicationWhy Replicate (copy)?

STEPS TO COPY DNA:

1. DNA UNWINDS

2. DNA UNZIPS

3. BASE PAIRS ARE ADDED TO BOTH STRANDS

4. 2 NEW DNA MOLECULES

Replication

http://www.dnai.org/index.html

http://gslc.genetics.utah.edu/units/basics/

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/dna/index-nojs.html

DNA molecule

Base Pairing

Replication

RNA

Ribonucleic acidRNA is a messenger for DNA.RNA takes the genetic information from DNA and takes it to the ribosomes where it makes the proteins

3 differences between RNA and DNA

1. RNA = ribose (does have oxygen)

DNA – deoxyribose (does not have oxygen)

2. RNA has a single strandDNA has a double strand

3. RNA has uracil as a base instead of Thymine like DNA has

RNA

3 typesmessenger RNA – takes info from nucleus to ribosometransfer RNA – transfers amino acids to ribosomeRibosomal RNA – makes up ribosomes

RNA

Protein Synthesis

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/dna/index-nojs.html