1.

Until Now: designed high-speed trains. ( ___ )

built the International Space Station. (___ )

created the Internet. ( ___ )

discovered many drugs such as penicillin. (___ )

mapped the human genome. ( ___ )

We have

Match the sentences below with pictures 1A - 1E.

has/have been + 過去分詞形

1B

Next, make sentences starting with the underlined words from above.

1A. High-speed trains h_____ b_____ d____________________________

1B. _________________________________________________________

1C. _________________________________________________________

1D. _________________________________________________________

1E. _________________________________________________________

picture

DNA and stem cell research is being done.

1E

1C

1D

1A

243 │ Lesson 56

2.

Right Now: designing bigger and faster airplanes. ( ___ )

using energy-saving light bulbs. (___ )

doing DNA and stem cell research. ( ___ )

buying electric cars. (___ )

considering a manned mission to Mars. ( ___ )

We are

Match the sentences below with pictures 2A - 2E.

is/are being + 過去分詞形

picture

2D 2B

2E

2C

Write the past tense and ‘being’ + the past participle tense in the table below.

being considered considered consider

use

_ _ _ _ _ _ buy

design

_ _ _ _ do

Next, make sentences starting with the underlined words from above.

2A. A manned mission to Mars i___ b___________ c_________________

2B. _________________________________________________________

2C. _________________________________________________________

2D. _________________________________________________________

2E. _________________________________________________________

2A

│ 244 受動態 - さまざまな時制 / the passive voice - has been / is being / will be

受

動

態

- さ

ま

ざ

ま

な

時

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- has

been / is

being /

will be

56

will be discovered discovered discover

find

build

protect

Next, make sentences starting with the underlined words from above.

3A. New sources of energy w_____ b___ d_________________________

3B. _________________________________________________________

3C. _________________________________________________________

3D. _________________________________________________________

3E. _________________________________________________________

3.

In the future: find a cure for cancer and AIDS. ( ___ )

protect endangered species. (___ )

discover new sources of energy. ( ___ )

find new ways to protect the environment. (___ )

build a base on the moon. ( ___ )

We will

Match the sentences below with pictures 3A - 3E.

will be + 過去分詞形

picture

3C

Write the past tense and ‘will be’ + the past participle tense in the table below.

3A

3B 3D

3E

245 │ Lesson 56

built.

created.

designed.

discovered.

mapped.

-----------------------

bought.

designed.

done.

considered.

used.

-----------------------

built.

discovered.

found.

protected.

High-speed trains

Many drugs such as penicillin

The International Space Station

The human genome

The Internet

-----------------------

A manned mission to Mars

Energy-saving light bulbs

Electric cars

Bigger and faster airplanes

DNA and stem cell research

-----------------------

New sources of energy

New ways to protect the environment

A base on the moon

Endangered species

A cure for cancer and AIDS

Can you match the left and right below without looking back at exercises 1 - 3? When done, pair up and check with your partner (each person should read one complete passive voice sentence).

has/have been

is/are being

will be

4.

1A.

1B.

1C.

1D.

1E.

2A.

2B.

2C.

2D.

2E.

3A.

3B.

3C.

3D.

3E.

│ 246 受動態 - さまざまな時制 / the passive voice - has been / is being / will be

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動

態

- さ

ま

ざ

ま

な

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- has

been / is

being /

will be

56

1A - High-speed trains...

2B - Energy-saving light bulbs...

3B - New ways to protect the environment

1C - The International Space Station...

2C - Electric cars... 3C - A base on the moon...

1D - The human genome... 2D - Bigger and faster airplanes...

3D - Endangered species...

1E - The Internet... 2E - DNA and stem cell research...

3E - A cure for cancer and AIDS...

Make pairs (a.b). ‘a’ will stay on this page and make passive voice sen-tences from 1A - 1E. ‘b’ will go back to the last page and check if ‘a’ is correct or not. Then, change. ‘b’ will look at 2A - 2E below and make pas-sive voice sentences while ’a’ looks at the last page and checks. Keep go-ing like this until each partner has done every line below. To make it more challenging, go across (1A, 2A, 3A, 1B, 2B, 3B, etc.)

5.

Until Now

built, created, designed,

discovered, mapped

Right Now

bought, designed, done, considered, used

In the Future

built, discovered,

found, protected

1B - Many drugs

such as penicillin...

2A -

A manned

mission

to Mars...

3A - New

sources of

energy...

247 │ Lesson 56

Silently read the conversations below. Then, answer the follow-up ques-tions about yourself. When done, pair up with a partner and orally read the conversations with eye contact. After each conversation, ask each other the follow-up questions.

Lisa: Oh, no, I think my wallet has been stolen.

Jim: Are you serious?

Lisa: I’m sure I had it in my bag when we came to this restaurant.

Jim: I’m really sorry to hear that.

Lisa: This happens every time I visit Europe. Has your bag, purse, or backpack ever been stolen? Sam: I don’t like my bank. The wait is too long.

Maya: Did you know that a new branch is being built

right next to the station? It’ll be opened soon.

Sam: That’s great, but I don’t usually go to the station.

That area is too crowded. Is there anything being built right now where you live, such as a supermar-ket, gym, bank, etc.?

John: Hey Dave, I didn’t know you had a bike.

Dave: My car is being fixed, so I took my sister’s bike today.

John: Oh, I see. I hope you can get your car back soon.

Dave: Unfortunately, it won’t be finished until next Monday. Is there anything being fixed at your house, school, or work? If yes, when will it be finished?

6.

A.

B. C.

Follow-up question 3:

Follow-up question 2:

Follow-up question 1:

│ 248 受動態 - さまざまな時制 / the passive voice - has been / is being / will be

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動

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- さ

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- has

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being /

will be

56

give compose plant transfer

repaint build clean finish

steal make use write

design pollute recycle open

Naomi: That’s a nice jacket.

Yuichi: Thanks. It was given to me as a Christmas present.

Tamae: Wow! I never get nice presents like that for Christmas.

Yukari: Me neither. I usually get something boring like gloves. Yuichi: What are you listening to?

Tamae: The Beatles. Do you know the song All You Need Is Love?

Yuichi: Yeah. Was that written by Paul McCartney?

Yukari: No, it was written by John Lennon.

Naomi: How about Here Comes the Sun?

Tamae: That was written by George Harrison.

Ex.1 Ex.2

Make groups of 4 and write a conversation using passive voice sentences like in numbers 1 - 5 below. Use the words in the table as well as the sample con-versations. After your teacher checks your writing, practice your skit. Fi-nally, perform your conversation in front of the class. The other students should listen carefully. At the end of the conversation, choose one or two listeners to repeat the passive voice sentences from your skit.

1. was - (Snow Country was written by Yasunari Kawabata.)

2. were - (The 2012 Olympics were hosted by the City of London.)

3. has been / have been - (Many drugs have been discovered.)

4. is being / are being - (Energy-saving light bulbs are being used.)

5. will be - (A cure for cancer and AIDS will be found.)

If you use words from the table below, don’t forget to change the verbs from the past tense to the past participle tense (write → written).

Composition and Skit

7.

249 │ Lesson 56