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(DME 411)
B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, JUNE 2010.
Final Year
Mechanical Engineering
INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
Time : Three hours Maximum : 75 marks
Answer Question No. 1 compulsorily.
(15)
Answer ONE question from each Unit.
(4 × 15 = 60)
1. (a) Concept of productivity.
(b) Cycle graph.
(c) Method study.
(d) Standard time.
(e) Process layout.
(f) Job design.
(g) Sales promotion.
(h) Straight line method.
(DME 411) 2
UNIT I
2. (a) Suggest measures to improve productivity.
Or
(b) What are the principles of motion economy?
UNIT II
3. (a) Describe the procedure of organising work
sampling study.
Or
(b) Bring out object and techniques of work
measurement.
UNIT III
4. (a) Discuss the functions of management
logically.
Or
(b) Distinguish between public limited company
and private limited company.
UNIT IV
5. (a) Examine the stages in the life-cycle of a
product.
Or
(b) State the merits of ratio analysis.
——————
(DME 412)
B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, JUNE 2010.
Final Year
Mechanical Engineering
Paper II — ADVANCED MACHINE DESIGN
Time : Three hours Maximum : 75 marks
Answer question No. 1 is Compulsorily.
Answer ONE question form each Unit.
1. (a) List out various applications of springs.
(b) Classification of types of Brakes.
(c) What is the material used for friction surface in clutches?
(d) What is the main function of a flywheel in an engine?
(e) Explain the various types of cylinder lines.
(f) Define Reliability.
(g) What are Human aspects of design?
UNIT I
2. (a) Explain one method of avoiding the tendency of a compression spring to buckle.
(b) A helical spring ‘B’ is placed inside the coil of a second helical spring ‘A’, having the same
number of coils and free length. The spring are made of the same material. The
composite spring is compressed by an axial load of 2300 N which is shared between
them. The mean diameter of the spring ‘A’ and ‘B’ are 100 mm and 70 mm respectively
and wire diameters are 13 mm and 8 mm respectively. Find the load taken and the
maximum stress in each spring.
Or
3. A semi-elliptical spring has ten leaves in all, with the two full length leaves extending
625 mm. It is 62.5 wide and 6.25 mm thick. Design a helical spring with mean diameter of
coil 100 mm which will have approximately the same indused stress and deflection for any
load. The young’s modulus for the material of the semi-elliptical spring may be taken as
200 kN/mm2 and modulus of rigidity for the material of helical spring is 80 kN/mm2.
UNIT II
4. (a) What are the thermal considerations in brake design?
(b) A single block brake as shown in fig, has a draw diameter of 720 mm. If the brake
sustains 225 N-m torque at 500 rpm. Find :
(i) The required force (p) to apply the brake for clockwise rotation of the drum.
(ii) The required force (p) to apply the brake for counter clockwise rotation of the drum.
(DME 412) 2
(iii) The location of the fulcrum to make the brake self-locking for clockwise rotation of
the drum; and the coefficient of friction may be taken as 0.3.
Or
5. (a) Why a positive clutch is used? Describe, with the help of a neat sketch, the working of a
jaw or claw clutch.
(b) A multiple disc clutch has three discs on the driving shaft and two on the driven shaft,
providing four pairs of contact surfaces. The outer diameter of the contact surfaces is
250 mm and the inner diameter is 150 mm. Determine the maximum axial intensity of
pressure between the discs for transmitting 18.75 kW at 500 rpm. Assume uniform wear
and coefficient of friction as 0.3.
UNIT III
6. (a) What do you understand by ‘fluctuation of energy’ and maximum ‘fluctuation of energy’?
(b) Design a cast iron flywheel for a 4 stroke cycle engine to develop 110 kW at 150 r.p.m.
The work done in the power stroke is 1.3 times the average work done during the whole
cycle. The mean diameter of the flywheel as 3 meters. The total fluctuation of speed is
limited to 5 percent of the mean speed. The material density is 7250 kg/m3. The
permissible shear stress for the shaft material is 40 MPa and flexural stress for the arms
of flywheel is 20 MPa.
Or
7. (a) What are the methods and materials used in the manufacture of crankshafts?
(b) The following particulars refers to a four stroke cycle diesel engine. Cylinder
bore = 150 mm ; storke = 187.5 mm; R.P.M = 1200 ; Maximum gas pressure = 5.6 N/mm2
; Mass of reciprocating parts = 1.75 kg Determine :
(i) The dimensions of an I-section connecting rod it forced steel with an elastic limit
compressive stress of 350 MPa. The ratio of the length of connecting rod to the
length of Crank is 4 and the factor of safety may be taken as 5 ;
(ii) The wrist pin and Crank pin dimensions on the basis of bearing pressure 10 N/mm2
and 6.5 N/mm2 of the projected area respectively ; and
(DME 412) 3
(iii) The dimensions of the small and big ends of the connecting rods, including the size
of the securing bolts of the crank pin end. Assume that the allowable stress in the
bolts, is not to exceed 35 N/mm2.
Draw dimensioned sketches of the connecting rod showing the provisions for
lubrication.
UNIT IV
8. (a) List out solutions for practical problems encounted in design.
(b) Sketch and explain system design with an example.
Or
9. (a) Derive an expression to find act Reliability of series system having ‘n’ compounds.
(b) Find out System Reliability.
———————
(DME 413)
B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, JUNE 2010.
Final Year
Mechanical Engineering
Paper III — FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS
Time : Three hours Maximum : 75 marks
Answer question No. 1 is Compulsorily.
Answer ONE question form each Unit.
1. (a) Define poteutial energy and equilibrium.
(b) Write about Rayleigh-Ritz method.
(c) Fundamental concepts of FEM.
(d) Define truss. Write local and global co-ordinates.
(e) Draw a constant strain triangle (CSI).
(f) Define shape function.
(g) Derive an one-dimensional heat conduction equations.
UNIT I
2. (a) Derive an expression for principal stress caliculation.
(b) Using Galerkine method find out the stress caliculation equation.
Or
3. (a) Derive principal stresses using vonmises stress.
(b) Write short notes on Analysis of 3-D stresses and strain.
UNIT II
4. Consider the bar as shown in the figure. For each element i, Ai, and li care the cross-sectional
area and length, respectively. Each element i is subjected to a traction force Ti per unit
length and a body force f per unit volume. The units of Ti, f, Ai and so on are assumed to be
(DME 413) 2
consistent. The young’s modulus of the material is E. A concentrated load P2 is applied at
node 2. Fid the structural stiffness matrix and nodal load vector.
Or
5. Consider the four bar truss shown in figure. It is given that E, A for all elements.
(a) Determine the element stiffness matrix for each element.
(b) Assemble the structural stiffness matrix ‘K’ for the entire truss.
(c) Using the elimination approach, solve for the nodal displacement.
(d) Recover the stresses in each element.
(e) Calculate the reaction forces.
E, f = constant
A1 L1
A2 L2
A3 L3
A4 L4
(DME 413) 3
UNIT III
6. Evaluate the shape functions N1, N2 and N3 at the interior point P for the triangular element
shown in the figure given below.
Or
7. Using Galerkin Approach, derive an expression for interval virtual work and external virtual
work.
UNIT IV
8. An Axi symmetric body with a linearly distributed load on the conical surface is shown in
figure. Determine the equivalent point loads at nodes 2, 4 and 6.
Or
9. A metallic fin, with thermal conductivity K = 360 W/M°C. 0 Km thick, and 10 cm long
extends from a plane wall whose temperature is 235°C. Determine the temperature
distribution and amount of heat transferred from the fin to the air at 20°C with
h = 9 W/m2°C. Take the width of fin to be 1 m.
——————
(DME 414)
B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, JUNE 2010.
Final Year
Mechanical Engineering
Paper IV — COMPUTER AIDED MANUFACTURING
AND AUTOMATION
Time : Three hours Maximum : 75 marks
Answer question No. 1 compulsorily.
(15)
Answer ONE question from each Unit.
(4 × 15 = 60)
1. (a) Define Automation.
(b) Write short notes on unconventional
machining.
(c) List out the components of NC system.
(d) Distinguish between CNC and DNC.
(e) How does can be read using punched tape?
(f) Explain GT.
(DME 414) 2
(g) List out types of Transfer lines.
UNIT I
2. (a) Explain and Line Balancing.
(b) Distinguish between Line Balancing and
Line of Balance.
Or
3. (a) Briefly describe reasons for automation and
discuss merits and demerits.
(b) Compare and contrast single spindle
automatic and multi spindle automatic
machines.
UNIT II
4. What is numerical control? Discuss the different
co-ordinate system and machine motion used in
NC. List out applications of NC.
Or
(DME 414) 3
5. Discuss in detail about current trends in NC.
UNIT III
6. (a) Explain manual part programming.
(b) Fig shown in NC of co-ordinate system write
the part-programming P0 = point/0, –1.0
P1 = point/6.0, 1.125,0.
Or
7. Write and list out different types of tape formats.
Discuss elaborately.
UNIT IV
8. Discuss the parts classification and coding
benefits of GT.
Or
9. Distinguish between CAPP and FMS.
(DME 414) 4
——————
(DME 415)
B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, JUNE 2010.
Final Year
Mechanical Engineering
Paper V — MECHATRONICS
Time : Three hours Maximum : 75 marks
Answer question No. 1 compulsorily.
Answer ONE question from each Unit.
1. (a) Define the term mechatronics.
(b) List out the classification of transducers.
(c) Draw the Block diagram of generalised data
acquisition system.
(d) Define hydraulic and pneumatic systems
(e) Define a control systems. Discuss the
classification of control systems.
(f) Identify various process controllers used in
the mechatronics system.
(g) List out classification of PLC on the basis of
side.
(DME 415) 2
UNIT I
2. (a) Describe the constituents of a mechatronic
system.
(b) State the working of an inductive
transducer.
Or
3. (a) Why signals conditioning elements are
necessary? Explain. What are the
applications of signal conditioning element?
(b) Draw a neat block diagram of a data logger
and explain it in detail.
UNIT II
4. (a) Distinguish between pneumatic and
hydraulic actuation system.
(b) Sketch and explain Block diagram
representation for fluid system model.
Or
5. (a) Explain the time response of first order
system to unit-step input.
(b) Derive the relationship between time and
frequency domain analysis.
(DME 415) 3
UNIT III
6. (a) Explain the classification of open and closed
loop control system.
(b) Explain the operation of an ac servomotor
with diagram.
Or
7. Compare PD, P-I and P-I-D controllers.
UNIT IV
8. Draw the block diagram of PLC and explain the
function of each block.
Or
9. Explain with a case study of pick and place robot.
——————
(DME 416 C)
B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, JUNE 2010.
Final Year
Mechanical Engineering
Paper VI — OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES
Time : Three hours Maximum : 75 marks
Answer question No. 1 is Compulsorily.
Answer ONE question from each Unit.
1. (a) Represent mathematically the statement of a optimization problem. (2)
(b) What is design constraints. (2)
(c) How do you define single variable optimization? (2)
(d) Distinguish between separable programming and multivariable programming. (2)
(e) What is relative minima and Global minima? (2)
(f) What is feasible region in LPP? (1)
(g) How do you solve a maximization problem as a minimization problem? (2)
(h) What is difference between design variables and pre assigned parameters? (2)
UNIT I
2. (a) Explain the constraint surfaces in a hypothetical two dimensional design space with a
neat sketch.
(b) Describe the different classification of optimization problems.
Or
3. The step cone pully shown in figure below is to be designed for transming power of at least
0.56 kW. The speed of the input shaft is 350 rpm and the output speed requirements are 750,
450, 250 and 150 rpm for a fixed center distance of 'a' between the input and output shafts.
The tension on tight side of the belt is to be kept more than twice that on the stack side. The
(DME 416 C) 2
thickness of the belt is t and the coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley in µ .
Formulate the problem of finding the width and diameters of the steps for minimum weights.
UNIT II
4. (a) Explain Golden section method.
(b) Solve the following problem of Golden section method.
Minimize the function ( ) ( )[ ]
−+−= −
xxxxf
1tan65.01/75.065.0 12 . Take 6=n .
Or
5. Explain the following : (15)
(a) Random search method
(b) Pattern search method
(c) Gradient search method.
UNIT III
6. (a) How can you identify an active contraint during numerical optimization?
(b) How can you compute language multipliers during numerical optimization?
Or
(DME 416 C) 3
7. (a) The number of air plane landing at an air part in a minute ( )X and their probabilities
are given by
x : 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
( )ix XP : 0.02 0.15 0.22 0.26 0.17 0.14 0.04
Find the mean and S.D of X.
(b) The force applied on an engine brake ( )X is given by
( )
≤≤−
≤≤
kgxx
kgxx
xfx128
24
12
8048
Determine the mean and standard deviation of the force applied on the brake.
UNIT IV
8. A two bar truss is to be designed to carry a load of 2W as shown in Figure (1) below. Both
Bars have a tubular section with mean diameter OL and wall thickness t. The material of the
bars has young’s modulus E and yield stress yσ . The design problem in valves the
determination of the values of d and t so that the weight of the truss is a minimum and
neither yielding nor buckling occurs in any of the bars. Formulate the problem as a
nonlinear programming problem. (15)
Figure –1
Or
(DME 416 C) 4
9. The Figure (2) below shows two frictionless rigid bodies A and B connected by three elastic
springs having spring constants 321 ,, KKK . The springs are at there natural positions when
the applied force P in zero. Find the displacement 1x and 2x under the force P by using the
principle of minimum potential energy. (15)
Figure –2
————————
(DME 416 D)
B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, JUNE 2010.
Final Year
Mechanical Engineering
Paper VI — REFRIGERATION AND AIR
CONDITIONING
Time : Three hours Maximum : 75 marks
Answer question No. 1 compulsorily.
Answer ONE question from each Unit.
1. (a) Define Refrigeration effect.
(b) List out commonly used refrigerants.
(c) What are uses of ph chart?
(d) What is the working principle of evaporator?
(e) Define sensible heat and latent heat.
(f) What is Relative Humidity and Specific
Humidity?
(g) List requirement of industrial air
conditioning.
(DME 416 D) 2
UNIT I
2. (a) Draw P.V. and T-φ diagrams of a reversal
Carnot cycle applied to a refrigerating
machine and obtain an expression for its
COP.
(b) A Carnot refrigeration extracts 320 kJ of
heat Per minute from a cold chamber which
is maintained at –15°C and it is discharged
to atmosphere which is at 27°C. Find the
power required.
Or
3. (a) With the help of heat sketch explain single
cooling with simple evaporative type air
conditioning system of Aeroplane.
(b) A carnot refrigerator requires 1.5 w per ton
of refrigeration to maintain a temp of –40°C.
Determine :
(i) COP of the refrigerator.
(ii) The temperature at which the heat is
rejected.
(iii) The amount of heat rejected in KJ/min.
(iv) COP, if the cycle is used as a heat
pump.
(DME 416 D) 3
UNIT II
4. (a) Obtain an expression of a standard vapour
expression refrigeration system. Mention
their functions.
(b) List out the advantages of vapour
refrigeration system over air refrigeration
system.
Or
5. (a) What is the function of a condenser? How do
you classify the condensers?
(b) Illustrate the functioning of a evaporative
condenser and mention its applications.
UNIT III
6. (a) Draw a neat compact diagrams of Li-Br
water absorption refrigeration system and
explain its working.
(b) Discuss the relative merits and fields of
applications of vapour absorption system.
Or
7. (a) Explain the working principle of thermo-
electric refrigeration system. What are the
fields of its application?
(b) What are advantages and disadvantages of
steam jet refrigeration?
(DME 416 D) 4
UNIT IV
8. (a) Discuss briefly the different types of heat
loads which have to be taken into account in
order to estimate the total heat load of a
large restaurant for summer air
conditioning.
(b) Explain the different stages of human body
defence against variations of weather
condition during summer and winter.
Or
9. (a) Describe unitary and central air conditioning
system.
(b) Explain the advantages and disadvantages of
viscous filters over day filters.
———————
(DME 421)
B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, JUNE 2010.
Final Year
Mechanical Engineering
Paper VII — MECHANICAL MEASUREMENTS
Time : Three hours Maximum : 75 marks
Answer question No. 1 compulsorily.
Answer ONE question from each Unit.
1. (a) Define the terms precision and resolution.
(b) List out the classification of errors.
(c) Discuss steady state error analysis.
(d) Classification of transducers.
(e) Define gauge factor.
(f) Principle of operation of Bellows.
(g) Define load cell. Listout types of load cell.
UNIT I
2. (a) Discuss elaborately about different types
errors.
(b) Fit the curve cmxy += using methods of
least squares.
Or
(DME 421) 2
3. (a) Explain the specifications of transient
response.
(b) Discuss Graphical analysis of fit a curve.
UNIT II
4. (a) With the help of a net diagrams explain the
working of RVDT.
(b) Sketch and explain different Bonded type of
strain gauges.
Or
5. (a) Sketch and explain the Ionization transduces.
(b) Discuss the method of fixing and bridge
circuits for measuring strain.
UNIT III
6. (a) State the working principle of a Bourdan
tube.
(b) Sketch and explain the working principle of
Bimetalic thermometers.
Or
7. (a) Write a short note on differential flowmeters.
(b) Explain the working principle of MC load
gauge.
(DME 421) 3
UNIT IV
8. (a) Explain any one of Elastic force meter.
(b) Discuss the working principle of a
mechanical Dynamometer-Rope and Brake.
Or
9. (a) Principle of seismic vibrations.
(b) With a neat block diagram discuss how to
read the seismic.
——————
(DME 422)
B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, JUNE 2010.
Final Year
Mechanical Engineering
Paper VIII — COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN
Time : Three hours Maximum : 75 marks
Answer question No. 1 compulsorily.
Answer ONE question from each Unit.
1. (a) Write about design process.
(b) Define Graphic terminal.
(c) What is an inherent memory display device?
(d) Define line and frame modeling.
(e) Explain surface modeling.
(f) Define the terms scaling and rotation.
(g) What do you mean by clipping operation?
(DME 422) 2
UNIT I
2. (a) Explain the applications of computer for
design.
(b) List out the benefits of CAD.
Or
3. (a) List out the video display devices. Explain
the working principle of Roster.
(b) Explain in detail about input device and
about each.
UNIT II
4. Draw the flow chart and write the Bresenham’s
algorithm. Generate a line with points ( ) ( )5,101,1
get the slope.
Or
5. List out different wireframe models their entities
and their definitions.
UNIT III
6. (a) Discuss about Reparametrisation of surface
patch.
(b) Explain about surface of revolution.
Or
(DME 422) 3
7. (a) Write short notes on sweep representation.
(b) Write about constructive solid geometry.
UNIT IV
8. (a) List out transformation principles.
(b) Write the matrix representation for
homogeneous co-ordinate.
Or
9. Discuss view in transformation and its
implementation practically.
———————
(DME 423)
B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, JUNE 2010.
Final Year
Mechanical Engineering
Paper IX — ENERGY RESOURCES UTILIZATION
Time : Three hours Maximum : 75 marks
Answer Question No. 1 compulsorily.
Answer ONE question from each Unit.
1. (a) How the run-off is measured in practice?
(b) Define Hydrology and Hydrograph.
(c) What are the uses of ash and dust?
(d) Define steam condensers.
(e) What is meant by ‘Radio activity’?
(f) Define fixed cost and operating cost?
(g) What are different sources of geothermal
energy?
(DME 423) 2
UNIT I
2. (a) Define hydrograph and explain its
importance in the design of storage type
hydro-electric power project.
(b) Enumerate and explain briefly the factors
which should be considered while selecting
the site for hydro – electric plant.
Or
3. (a) List the essential components of a diesel
power plant and explain them briefly.
(b) Describe the working of a simple constant
pressure open-cycle gas turbine plant giving
a neat sketch. List its application.
UNIT II
4. (a) Enumerate and explain various modern ash-
handling systems.
(b) What do you understand by a word
‘Draught’? Explain the principle used in
forced and induced draught.
Or
5. (a) Draw a neat diagram of a Benson Boiler and
discuss its relative merits and demerits.
(b) What is the function of a cooling tower in a
modern steam power plant? Discuss its
merits and demerits.
(DME 423) 3
UNIT III
6. (a) Describe a Breeder reactor. What are its
advantages and disadvantages?
(b) List the advantages and limitations of
nuclear power plant.
Or
7. (a) Find the cost of generation per kW-hr from
the following data :
Capacity of the plant = 120 MW
Capital cost = Rs. 1,200 per kW installed
Interest and depreciation = 10% on capital
Fuel consumption = 1.2 kg kg/kW-hr
Fuel cost = Rs. 40 per tonn
Salaries, wages, repairs and
Maintenance = 600,000 per year
The maximum demand is 80 MW and load
factor is 40%.
(b) What do you understand by acid rains? What
are the reasons for this how they are
controlled?
(DME 423) 4
UNIT IV
8. (a) Explain with the help of a neat diagram a
solar pond electric power plant.
(b) What is the basic principle of wind power
with neat sketch explain types of wind mills?
Or
9. Write short notes on the following :
(a) Working of MHD generator.
(b) Fuel cells and its applications.
——————
(DME 424 C)
B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, JUNE 2010.
Final Year
Mechanical Engineering
Paper X — ROBOTICS
Time : Three hours Maximum : 75 marks
Answer question No. 1 compulsorily.
Answer ONE question from each Unit.
1. (a) List out Major Components of Robots.
(b) Discuss the classification of co-ordinate
system.
(c) Distinguish b/n fixed Vs flexible Automation.
(d) Define Us End Effectors. List out types of
end effectors.
(e) Explain the working of a potentiometer with
sketch.
(f) List out different types of sensors.
(g) Basic transformation operations.
(DME 424 C) 2
UNIT I
2. (a) Write short note on Robot Anatomy.
(b) The notation scheme described in sec.
2-1 provides as host hard method of
identifying robot configurations. For the
following arm and body designations,
describe the particular robot system, using
sketches when possible to illustrate the
robot.
(i) LLR (ii) RLR (iii) LRR (iv) LVR (v) LL-TRL.
Or
3. (a) Discuss the Robot Applications.
(b) Sketch and explain construction and
configuration of SCARA Robot.
UNIT II
4. What are the considerations in the selection and
design of remote centered devices?
Or
5. Write the classification of types of grippers sketch
and explain about the any two of them.
(DME 424 C) 3
UNIT III
6. (a) Discuss in detail about proximity sensors.
(b) What is an optical encoders of obsolute type?
Why it is useful?
Or
7. (a) Sketch and explain about photo detector
sensor.
(b) Sketch and explain about interrupted type
sensors.
UNIT IV
8. Derive an expression for co-ordinates in Reverse
transformation of the 2-Degree of Freedom Arm.
Or
(DME 424 C) 4
9. Find the A Matrices for the Manipulation in fig. using parameters given in
——————
(DME 424 D)
B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, JUNE 2010.
Final Year
Mechanical Engineering
Paper X — COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS
Time : Three hours Maximum : 75 marks
Answer Question No. 1 compulsorily.
(15)
Answer ONE question from each Unit.
(4 × 15 = 60)
1. (a) List out two applications on CFD.
(b) What is consistency?
(c) What is convergency?
(d) What is stability?
(e) Expand ADI and give an example.
(f) Write the equations for cartesian coordinates
of 3D incompressable navier-stroke’s
equation.
(g) List out grid generation methods.
(h) What is face area?
(i) What is cell volume?
(j) What is dissipative errors?
(DME 424 D) 2
(k) What is dispersion errors?
(l) What is scalar conversion law give an
example?
(m) What is rate of convergency?
(n) What is discretization?
(o) Define adaptive grid with a neat sketch.
UNIT I
2. (a) Explain Navier Stroke’s equation in
differential form.
(b) Consider the continuity and momentum
equation of Navier-Strokes equation and
convert into dimensionless form.
Or
3. (a) Explain how CFD can be used as design tool
and research tool.
(b) Enumerate the applications of CFD in heat
transfer.
UNIT II
4. (a) Explain the process of descretisation of
derivatives with an example.
(b) Explain cell centered scheme.
Or
(DME 424 D) 3
5. (a) Explain the equivalence between finite
difference and finite volume methods.
(b) Explain the techniques used discretization of
finite volume and finite elements.
UNIT III
6. (a) Explain any one concept of co-ordinate
transformation in CFD.
(b) Explain the procedure for calculation of arc
lengths.
Or
7. (a) Explain the body fitted grid generation using
elliptic-type equations.
(b) Explain modern methods in grid generation.
UNIT IV
8. (a) Explain the LAXWENDORFF technique.
(b) Solve using the Lax-Wendroff scheme the
first time step solution of inviscid Burgis
equation ( ) 02
1 2 =+xt
uu , with initial
condition ( ) 10,0, ≤≤= xxxu and
boundary condition ( ) 0,0 =tu for all time.
Compute with the exact solution
( )
++−= xtttxu 4
2
1, 2 assuming 2.0=∆x .
Or
(DME 424 D) 4
9. (a) Explain the Crank-Nicholson technique.
(b) Consider the initial boundary value problem
2
2
x
uk
t
u
∂∂=
∂∂
where k is constant 0>t with
initial condition ( ) xxu πsin0, = for 10 << x
and boundary conditions ( ) 0,0 =tu ;
( ) 0,1 =tu for all time 0≥t solve the above
problem by Nicholson technique.
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