Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza Università degli Studi di Torino HUMANE SEMINAR Human Resources Management in European Universities The recruitment

Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza

Università degli Studi di Torino

HUMANESEMINAR

Human Resources Management in European Universities

The recruitment procedures in Italy

University of TurinFriday 23rd to Saturday 24th March 2007

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2

National figures

1998 2006 % increase

Full professors 12,684 18,647 47%

Associate professors 17,524 18,148 4%

Researchers 17,702 21,638 22%

Total 47,910 58,433 22%

Permanent Academic Staff

Number of staff:

Source: CNVSU – Seventh report on the state of the university system – October 2006



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Average age - 2006

Full professors 58.7

Associate professors 52.1

Researchers 44.9

Average 51.5

32%27%-

10.00020.00030.00040.00050.00060.00070.000

Nu

mber

of

Academ

ic S

taff

1998 2006

Year

Analysis by gender

Women Men

28% 32%

National figures

With an overall increase, during this period of time, of 22% in the Academic Staff, the number of women has increased by over 40% against a 15% increase in the number of men.

Average age of Academic Staff:




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Age

National figures

Distribution by age of University Academic Staff in Italy

Nu

mb

er

of

Acad

em

ic S

taff

“Anomalous Wave”

“Stop and go” appointment policies



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Full time Technical and Administrative Staff

Number of staff:

2000 2006 % Variation

Category B 14,105 7,845 - 44%

Category C 28,330 27,399 -3%

Category D 10,070 14,521 44%

Category EP 1,645 3,405 107%

Mangerial 132 209 58%

Total 54,282 53,379 -2%Hig

hest

sala

ry an

d

resp

on

sab

ilit

y

Trend in Technical and Administrative Staff

50.000

51.000

52.000

53.000

54.000

55.000

56.000

57.000

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Year

Nu

mb

ers

National figures




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Registered Students

The total number registered in Italian Universities, after a gradual increase resulting from the introduction of the “3+2” Reform (DM 509/99), has shown a tendency over the last few years to level out, as can be seen from the following figures.

Total number registered in I talian Universities

1.600.000

1.650.000

1.700.000

1.750.000

1.800.000

1.850.000

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Year Registered

1998 1,676,702

1999 1,715,817

2000 1,663,960

2001 1,688,804

2002 1,722,457

2003 1,768,295

2004 1,814,048

2005 1,820,221

National figures

Source: Figures from CNVSU – Seventh report on the state of the university system – October 2006



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YearNumbers of graduates &

diplomas

1998 140,122

1999 152,241

2000 161,484

2001 171,806

2002 201,118

2003 234,939

2004 268,821

2005 301,298

Total number of graduates and diplomas in I talian Universities

-

50.000

100.000

150.000

200.000

250.000

300.000

350.000

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

National figures

Graduates

There is a constant increase in the number of graduates starting from the “3+2” Reform introduced by DM 509/99.

Source: Figures from CNVSU – Seventh report on the state of the university system – October 2006



Ratio of students/Academic Staff1

Registered students in Italian Universities = 30.5 permanent university Academic Staff

Registered students on schedule in Italian Universities = 17.3permanent university Academic Staff

Critical problem in the Italian University system: high number of students behind schedule.

“3+2” Reform (D.M. 509/99)

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National figures

Reduced drop-out rate and behind schedule

Introduction of a time-lag between the two degree courses (three-year and specialist).

1 Data from 2001. Academic staff includes assistants.



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The Italian recruitment system

(ACADEMIC STAFF)

(TECHNICAL ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF)

D.Lgs. 29/1993D.Lgs. 165/2001

L. 230/2005

Art. 97 of the Constitution

“Jobs in public administration are obtained by way of public competition, with the exception of the cases established by law”

L. 168/1989

UNIVERSITY AUTONOMY



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Limits to autonomy

Expenditure controls

Fixed and compulsory expenditure for full time staff cannot exceed 90% of State transfers on the Ordinary Finance Fund (Art. 51 (4) of Law 449/97).

The Ministry has introduced a computerised procedure (PROPER) for monitoring programming and appointment of university staff.

Freezes by finance legislation

The finance laws from 2002 to 2004 provided for freezes in the appointment of technical administrative and teaching staff.

As a result, the Universities have had to resort to forms of “temporary” labour such as contractual collaborators, short-term services and professional services, six-month contracts, in order to fill gaps due to the impossibility of appointing permanent staff.

Even these forms of fixed term employment were nevertheless subject to limits and restrictions.



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National procedures for technical suitability(Art. 1 of Law 4 November 2005 n. 230)

The recruitment system

SUITABILITY

Comparative evaluation procedure by universities (Art. 13 Legislative decree of 6 April 2006 n. 164)

WINNER

Permanent University Professor

RECRUITMENT OF TEACHING STAFF



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FURTHER FORMS OF ACADEMIC STAFF RECRUITMENT

Direct appointment of foreign or italian Scientists working abroad and Scientists of “clear fame” - Art. 1 (9) of Law of 4 November 2005 no. 230

Italian Universities are allowed to cover the posts as full and associate professor by directly appointing foreign or italian Scientists working abroad or covering the post as full professor by directly appointing Scientists of “clear fame”, subject to the prior approval of the Ministry.

Limits: maximum 10% of total full and associate professors.



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FURTHER FORMS OF ACADEMIC STAFF RECRUITMENT

Paid or unpaid teaching appointments - Art. 1 (10) of Law of 4 November 2005 no. 230

“On the basis of its own educational needs and according to the relative economic funds available […] the universities may offer paid or unpaid teaching appointments, also for more than one year, […] to Italians and non-Italians, […] and to those appointed within the university structures who have carried out sufficient and well documented research activity, on the basis of criteria and methods defined by decree of the Minister, in agreement with the CRUI (Conference of Rectors of Italian Universities) and the CUN (National University Council)”.



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Decentralised procedures

(Law 3 July 1998 no. 210 - Presidential decree of 23 March 2000 no. 117)

WINNER

Permanent researcher

New competition procedures for appointed researchers will be established by the Minister in the near future.


RECRUITMENT OF RESEARCHERS



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Decentralised procedures

WINNER

Permanent appointment with individual employment contract

(Leg. decree 30 March 2001 no. 165)

Other specific aspects regulated by the National Joint Labour Contract (CCNL) 2002-2005 and by Supplementary Contracts with individual universities.


RECRUITMENT OF TECHNICAL ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF



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RECRUITMENT OF TECHNICAL ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF

• From decentralisation of the recruitment procedures to substantial university autonomy (Law of 11 May 1989 no. 168).

• Limits placed on autonomy: adoption of three year programmes of requirements for teaching staff, researchers and technical administrative staff on permanent and fixed-term contracts (art. 1 (105) of Law of 30 December 2004 no. 311 – Finance Law 2005)

• Appointment with individual employment contract (art. 2 & 35 of Leg. Decree 30 March 2001 no. 165).

• Separation between “political” and “administrative” management (art. 4 & 5 of Leg. Decree 30 March 2001 no. 165).

• More specific aspects regulated by the National Joint Labour Contract (CCNL) 2002-2005 and Supplementary Contracts with individual Universities.



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APPENDIX

University of Turin:

figures and facts



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Overall figures

Permanent Academic Staff

Number of staff:

Women Men Total

Full professors 156 568 724

Associate professors 253 386 639

Researchers 392 410 802

Total 801 1,364 2,165

Source: Datawarehouse – 31/12/2006

The number of permanent Academic Staff at the University of Turin represents 3.71% of the total number of Academic Staff in Italy.

The number of women represents 37% of the total teaching staff, compared with a national figure of 32%.

The average age of permanent Academic Staff at the University of Turin in 2006 is 50.7, compared with a national average of 51.3.



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Total

Professors on contract 645

Researchers on collaboration contract 188

Scholarships given by Departments 225

Research appointments1 421

Total 1,479

Overall figures

Fixed-term Academic Staff

Number of non-structured staff occupied with education and research on fixed-term contracts:

Source: Human Resources Management Division (figures at 06/03/07)1 Research appointees in work at 19/03/07 (Source: Datawarehouse)



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Overall figures

Trends in the three teaching categories from 1995 to 2005

PERCENTAGES OF THE 3 TEACHING CATEGORIES AT TURIN UNIVERSITY

YEAR FULL ASSOCIATE RESEARCHERS

YEAR 1995 28.50% 32.20% 37.90%

YEAR 2000 28.50% 27.50% 42.30%

YEAR 2005 33.25% 30.07% 36.67%

PERCENTAGES OF THE 3 TEACHING CATEGORIES AT TURIN UNIVERSITY

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

YEAR 1995

YEAR 2000

YEAR 2005

RESEARCHERSASSOCI ATEFULL



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Permanent Technical Administrative Staff

Number of Technical Administrative Staff on permanent contract:

Women Men Total

Category B 53 40 93

Category C 512 310 822

Category D 402 213 615

Category EP 88 64 152

Managerial 5 6 11

Total 1,060 633 1,693

Overall figures


The number of permanent Technical Administrative Staff at University of Turin represents 3.17% of the overall number of Technical Administrative Staff in Italy.

The number of women among Technical Administrative Staff in the University of Turin represents 63%, compared with a figure for teaching staff of 37%.

Hig

hest

sala

ry an

d

resp

on

sab

ilit

y



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Overall figures

Fixed term Technical Administrative Staff

Number of Technical Administrative Staff on fixed term contracts:

Women Men Total

Category B 3 2 5

Category C 162 43 205

Category D 57 14 71

Category EP 7 2 9

Managerial 1 4 5

Total 230 65 295


Hig

hest

sala

ry an

d

resp

on

sab

ilit

y



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Overall figures

Financial figures

2006

Budget1: € 441,188,497.37

Total staff expenditure: € 212,549,703.00

Ordinary Financial Fund: € 244,156,115.00

Ratio staff expenditure / Ord. Fin. Fund: 87.05%

1 Assessments on accrual basis net of clearing entries



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Details

Academic Staff

The University of Turin has set up a long-term plan for Academic Staff (2007-2012) to guarantee a progressive re-balance among the Faculties.

In this context the University is going to reduce the impact of the “mass” exodus of teaching staff, by a set of incentives for early retirement.

The recruitment policies for Academic Staff are mainly Faculty based.



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UNIVERSITY ACADEMIC STAFF PLAN 2005 - 2012

EXPECTED RETIREMENTS(from 2005 to 2012)

All the resources that are freed by retirements expected from 01/11/2005 to 01/11/2012 are totalled and reallocated as follows:

85% Staff 15% Reserve and University staff fund

85% to Faculties 15% to readjustment

The resulting figure is returned to the Faculties in the proportion with which they compete to determine the 85% of the 85%.

Details

Documents

Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza Università degli Studi di Torino HUMANE SEMINAR Human Resources Management in European Universities The recruitment