DISSERTATION DEFENSE Robert Crouch. Purpose of Study Setting of Study Theoretical Framework Research Questions Quantitative: Three Questions Qualitative:

A Study of the Perceptions of Diversity and Inclusion Initiatives in Producing Improved Productive Work Cultures

DISSERTATION DEFENSERobert Crouch

Chapter 1• Purpose of Study• Setting of Study• Theoretical Framework• Research Questions• Quantitative: Three Questions• Qualitative: Two Questions

Variable Research Question Survey Section

Independent: perceptions of diversity and inclusion initiatives Dependent: Work culture

Question 1: What are the perceptions of departmental personnel regarding the impact of diversity and inclusion initiatives in improving and sustaining productive work cultures? Question 1a: What are the differences between managers’ and staff members’ ratings with respect to their perceptions of the effectiveness of diversity and inclusion initiatives?

Diversity and Inclusion Perceptions Survey: Section 2

Relationship with Team Members

Relationship with Manager Individual’s Behaviors and

Attitudes Overall Work Culture


Question 2: What types of diversity and inclusion initiatives are identified by departmental personnel as useful to their work culture; and what differences if any are identified by managers and staff?

Diversity and Inclusion Perceptions Survey: Section 1 • Workshops and learning modules• Executive coaching• Mentoring • Team coaching• Use of web-based information


Question 3: What is the relationship between departmental personnel’s ratings of their perceptions of diversity and inclusion initiatives and work culture scores?

Diversity and Inclusion Perceptions Survey: Section 2 and Morehead Model of Workforce Commitment Survey: Each Department’s Tier Score

Variables, Research Questions and Quantitative Survey Alignment

Focus Group Questions

Quantitative Survey Sections

Question 1: What factors influenced your rating of questions on the survey? Question 2: What additional strategies/initiatives do you feel would positively impact your work culture?

Diversity and Inclusion Perceptions Survey: Section 2 Relationship with Team

Members Relationship with Manager Individual’s Behaviors and

Attitudes Overall Work Culture

Diversity and Inclusion Perceptions Survey: Sections 1 • Workshops and learning modules• Executive coaching• Mentoring • Team coaching• Use of web-based information

Qualitative Focus Group Questions and Survey Alignment

Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature• Four sections:

1. Diverse and Inclusive Work Cultures; 2. Characteristics of Highly Effective Teams; 3. Workplace Diversity Initiatives; and4. Measures for Assessing Work Cultures

Chapter 3: Methodology

• Mixed methods explanatory sequential study including both quantitative and qualitative data collection

• Explanatory sequential mixed methods design• Quantitative data collected• Qualitative data collected

• The survey administered in 60-minute focus group sessions

• Study includes 5 departments within the hospital health system• Researcher worked with the department/area between 2011-2015 • Department/area increased its work culture Tier score during a one-to-

two year period (between 2011-2015).

Chapter 4: Findings

Instruments:1. Diversity and Inclusion Perceptions Survey• Modified by the researcher• Permission granted from original researcher• Validity and reliability established through experts in the

field of diversity and piloting the survey • Cronbach Alpha: .796346, indicating strong reliability

2. Morehead Model of Workforce Commitment Survey• Work culture tier scores

3. Focus Groups• Five one-hour sessions

Chapter 5: Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations

Chapter Organization:• Summary of Data in Chapter 4 for each research

question• Conclusions of Summary Data• Research: Chapter 2 Review of Related

Literature1. Diverse and Inclusive Work Cultures; 2. Characteristics of Highly Effective Teams; 3. Workplace Diversity Initiatives; and4. Measures for Assessing Work Cultures

• Theoretical Framework• Model of Change Theory• Two Factor Theory• Agency Theory

Position Employees Percent

Manager 14 20.3

Staff 55 79.7

Total 69 100.0

Survey Participant Demographics: Job Position

Research Question 1• What are the perceptions of departmental personnel

regarding the impact of diversity and inclusion initiatives in improving and sustaining productive work cultures?

• One-Sample Z Test (each department)• Section 2 of Diversity and Inclusion Perceptions Survey• Diversity and Inclusion Initiatives• workshops and learning modules; executive coaching; mentoring;

team coaching; and use of web-based information

• Null Hypothesis and Alternative Hypothesis• Probability (p-value less than .05)

• Alternative Hypothesis True (significant relationship)

• ARS Clickers Utilized

• Qualitative Question 1: What factors influenced your rating of questions on the survey?

• Major Themes

Survey Constructs

Department A Department B Department C Department D Department E


p-value not less than .05

p-value less than .05

(Significant Relationship)






Relationship with Manager










Individual’s Behavior and

Attitudes










Overall Work Culture









Summary Table of Findings: Research Question 1: Perceptions of Departmental Personnel of Impact of Diversity and Inclusion Initiatives

Department Major Themes


Effective Training and EducationOpen Communication within Department Open Communication with Emphasis on Diversity, Differences and RespectTraining and Workshops to Increase Awareness Increase in TeamworkTrusting AtmosphereDiversity Workshops Working Together as a TeamIncreased CommunicationWorkshops Increased Awareness of DiversityIncreased Conversations Among Co-WorkersDiversity Workshops

Major Themes Reflected by Five Departmental Focus Groups: What Factors Influenced Your Rating of Questions on the Survey?

Research Question 1A•What are the differences between managers’ and staff members’ ratings with respect to their perceptions of the effectiveness of diversity and inclusion initiatives?

• Two-Sample Z Test (each department)• Section 2 of Diversity and Inclusion Perceptions Survey• Null Hypothesis and Alternative Hypothesis• Probability (p-value less than .05)


Survey Constructs Department A Department B Department C Department D Department E




p-value less than .05 (Significant Difference)









Individual’s Behavior and Attitudes












Summary Table of Findings: Research Question 1a: Differences Between Managers’ and Staff Members Ratings on Diversity and Inclusion Perceptions Survey Section 2

Research Question 2•What types of diversity and inclusion initiatives are identified by departmental personnel as useful to their work culture; and what differences if any are identified by managers and staff?

• Researcher worked with departments• All departments not exposed to each initiative• Section 1 of Diversity and Inclusion Perceptions Survey• Diversity and Inclusion Initiatives• workshops and learning modules; executive coaching;

mentoring; team coaching; and use of web-based information

• Qualitative Question 2: What additional strategies/initiatives do you feel would positively impact your work culture?

Diversity and Inclusion Initiatives


Workshops and Learning Modules

Manager & Staff Ranked 1

Manager Ranked 1Staff Ranked 2




Executive Coaching

Not Ranked Manager Ranked 3

Not Ranked Not Ranked Not Ranked

Mentoring (one-on-one)

Not Ranked Not Ranked Not Ranked Not Ranked Not Ranked

Team Coaching






Use of Web-based Information


Not Ranked Not Ranked Manager Ranked 3

Not Ranked

Summary Table of Findings: Research Question 2: Rankings of Top Three Diversity and Inclusion Initiatives Identified by Departmental Personnel as Most Impactful (Useful) to their Work Culture

Department Strategies/Initiatives


Team Building WorkshopsBecome Comfortable with the UncomfortableProvide Ownership/Involvement Continue to Increase CommunicationHuddle time in AM for about 5-MinutesWalk Together in Spare Time Use Respectful Tones with EveryoneContinue to Work on Effective CommunicationModel Respectful Behavior Daily Continue to Work as a TeamContinue to Communicate Effectively Practice More Active ListeningContinue Inclusive MeetingsContinue Workshops and Trainings

Major Strategies/Initiatives Reflected by Five Departmental Focus Groups: What Additional Strategies/Initiatives do you Feel Would Positively Impact Your Work Culture?

Research Question 3• What is the relationship between departmental

personnel’s ratings of their perceptions of diversity and inclusion initiatives and work culture scores?

• Two Step Analysis• Multiple Regression• T-test for Regression Slope

• Section 2 of Diversity and Inclusion Perceptions Survey• Null Hypothesis and Alternative Hypothesis• Probability (p-value less than .05)


Tier Ranges and Departmental Tier Scores• Tier Ranges

• Tier 1 desired level ( 4.15 & higher)• Tier 2 (3.80 – 4.14)• Tier 3 (3.79 and below)

Department Pre-Tier Score Post-Tier Score

A 3.98 4.05

B 4.09 4.42

C 3.53 4.18

D 4.47 4.58

E 3.67 4.29

Survey Constructs Department A Department B Department C Department D Department E


No Significant Relationship

Significant Relationship

Existed


Existed





Existed




Existed


Existed

Individual’s Behavior and Attitudes


Existed


Existed



Existed






Existed



Summary of Findings :Research Question 3: Relationship Between Departmental Personnel’s Ratings on Diversity and Inclusion Perceptions Survey Section 2 and Work Culture Tier Scores

Recommendations for Further Research

1. It is recommended that this study be replicated to include a larger sample of departments/areas.

2. It is recommended that further investigation to determine initiatives/factors that are perceived to increase Work Culture Tier Scores.

3. It is recommended that further investigation should be conducted to determine how mediating variables such as staff satisfaction, staff relationship with manager and staff overall performance influence Work Culture Tier Scores.

Documents

DISSERTATION DEFENSE Robert Crouch. Purpose of Study Setting of Study Theoretical Framework Research Questions Quantitative: Three Questions Qualitative: