DISPUTE BOARD Suatu Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa ...bpkonstruksi.pu.go.id/seminar/9. Sarwono Bapekon Sessi Siang Klaim... · Sarwono Hardjomuljadi Dr, Ir, MSC (Civ), MSBA (Bus),

Sarwono Hardjomuljadi Dr, Ir, MSC (Civ), MSBA (Bus), MH (Law), MDBF, ACIArb, ACPE. FIDIC Affiliate Member , FIDIC Accredited Trainer, FIDIC Adjudicator DRBF Country Representative for Indonesia Vice Chairman, Indonesia National Board for Construction Services Development [email protected] & [email protected] www.sarwonohm.com

DISPUTE BOARD Suatu Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa Konstruksi

Seminar Nasional Manajemen Klaim Proyek Konstruksi 6 November 2014 Jakarta Convention Centre

Name : Sarwono Hardjomuljadi Dr, Ir, MSc (Civ); MSBA (Bus); MH (Law) MDBF(ADR);ACPE (Eng); ACIArb (Arb)

Place & Date of birth Pekalongan, 6 Juni 1953 Address : Taman Alfa Indah F6/23, Jakarta 11640 E-mail [email protected]

[email protected] Web : www.sarwonohm.com Mobile : +62-811-844-903

Sarwono adalah Staf Khusus Menteri Pekerjaan Umum (2009-2014), Wakil Ketua LPJK Nasional (2011-2015), Sarjana Teknik Sipil Universitas Parahyangan, S2 Iteknik Sipil Institut Teknologi Bandung, S2 Hukum Universitas Tarumanagara (cum laude) dan S3 Construction Contract Management (cum laude). Karirnya diawali di PT PLN (Persero) sebagai staf di proyek PLTA Saguling, kemudian PLTA Cirata di Jawa Barat, kemudian PLTA Renun di Sumatera Utara, sebelum kembali ke Kantor Pusat sebagai Deputi Direktur, Vice President dan pindah sebagai Ditrektur di perusahaan joint venture Pertamina-PLN. Saat ini merupakan satu-satunya putra Indonesia yang mendapatkan akreditasi dari Federation Internationale des Ingenieur-Conseils (FIDIC), Sarwono adalah Country Representative dari Dispute Resolution Board Foundation. (DRBF-Seattle), Member Chartered Institutie of Arbitrator (CIArb-London), Member Dispute Board Federation (DBF-Geneva), ASEAN Chartered Professional Engineer (ACPE)

ASPEK LEGAL DAN ADMINISTRASI KONTRAK

Kontrak Konstruksi

Klaim Konstruksi

Penyelesaian Sengketa

Sarwono Hardjomuljadi Dr, Ir, MSC (Civ), MSBA (Bus), MH (Law), MDBF (ADR), ACIArb, (Arb) A CPE. (Eng)

FIDIC Affiliate Member , FIDIC Accredited Trainer, FIDIC Adjudicator DRBF Country Representative for Indonesia

Vice Chairman, Indonesia National Board for Construction Services Development [email protected] & [email protected]

www.sarwonohm.com Seminar Nasional Manajemen Klaim Proyek Konstruksi 6 November 2014 Jakarta Convention Centre

KUH Perdata 1338 Semua perjanjian yang dibuat secara sah berlaku sebagai

undang-undang bagi mereka yang membuatnya.

Suatu perjanjian tidak dapat ditarik kembali selain dengan sepakat kedua belah pihak, atau karena alasan-alasan yang

oleh undang-undang dinyatakan cukup untuk itu.

Suatu perjanjian harus dilaksanakan dengan itikad baik.




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SENGKETA KONSTRUKSI


Sengketa (Dispute): Sengketa atau dispute menurut Black’s Law Dictionary adalah: “a conflict or controversy”,[1] Sedang menurut Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia adalah “Pertentangan atau konflik, konflik berarti adanya oposisi atau pertentangan antara orang-orang, kelompok-kelompok, atau organisasi-organisasi terhadap satu obyek permasalahan”.[2]

Apakah yang dimaksud dengan sengketa kontrak konstruksi, menurut Oxford Dictionary of Law: Dispute is a misunderstanding between two parties, either contractual or non contractual.




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PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA KONSTRUKSI BERDASARKAN UU 18 Tahun 1999 jo PP 29 Tahun 2000 dan UU 30 Tahun 1999




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PP No 29 Tahun 1999 Pasal 49 (1) Penyelesaian sengketa dalam penyelenggaraan jasa konstruksi di

luar pengadilan dapat dilakukan dengan cara :

a. melalui pihak ketiga yaitu : 1) mediasi (yang ditunjuk oleh para pihak atau oleh Lembaga

Arbitrase dan Lembaga Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa); 2) konsiliasi; atau

b. arbitrase melalui Lembaga Arbitrase atau Arbitrase Ad Hoc. (2) Penyelesaian sengketa secara mediasi atau konsiliasi sebagaimana

dimaksud dalam ayat (1) huruf a dapat dibantu penilai ahli untuk memberikan pertimbangan profesional aspek tertentu sesuai kebutuhan.

PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA




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Mediasi Dalam Black’s Law Dictionary, mediation didefinisikan sebagai berikut: A method of non binding dispute resolution involving a neutral third party who tries to help the disputing parties reach a mutually agreeable solution.10 Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia mendefinisikan mediasi sebagai: Proses pengikutsertaan pihak ketiga dalam penyelesaian suatu perselisihan sebagai penasehat.

PP No 29 Tahun 2000 Pasal 50 (1) Penyelesaian sengketa dengan menggunakan jasa mediasi sebagaimana

dimaksud dalam Pasal 49 ayat (1) huruf a angka 1) dilakukan dengan bantuan satu orang mediator.

(2) Mediator sebagaimana dimaksud dalam ayat (1) ditunjuk berdasarkan kesepakatan para pihak yang bersengketa.

(3) Mediator tersebut harus mempunyai sertifikat keahlian yang ditetapkan oleh Lembaga.

(4) Apabila diperlukan, mediator dapat minta bantuan penilai ahli. (5) Mediator bertindak sebagai fasilitator yaitu hanya membimbing para pihak

yang bersengketa untuk mengatur pertemuan dan mencapai suatu kesepakatan.

(6)Kesepakatan tersebut pada ayat (5) dituangkan dalam suatu kesepakatan tertulis.

Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 2008 yang merupakan pengganti Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 2 Tahun 2003, menyatakan bahwa yang dimaksud dengan mediasi adalah: Cara penyelesaian sengketa melalui proses perundingan untuk memperoleh kesepakatan para pihak dengan dibantu oleh mediator. 12 Yang dimaksud dengan mediator dalam Perma ini adalah pihak netral yang membantu para pihak dalam proses perundingan guna mencari berbagai kemungkinan penyelesaian sengketa tanpa menggunakan cara memutus atau memaksakan sebuah penyelesaian. Mediator jenis ini diwajibkan mengikuti pelatihan dan berserti8fikat mediator

COURT ANNEXED MEDIATION




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Konsiliasi: Dalam Black’s Law Dictionary concilliation didefinisikan sebagai berikut: 1).A settlement of a dispute in an agreeable manner, 2). A process in which a neutral person meets with the parties to a dispute and explores how the dispute might be resolved.

PP No 29 Tahun 2000 Pasal 51 (1) Penyelesaian sengketa dengan menggunakan jasa konsiliasi

sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 49 ayat (1) huruf a angka 2) dilakukan dengan bantuan seorang konsiliator.

(2) Konsiliator sebagaimana dimaksud dalam ayat (1) ditunjuk berdasarkan kesepakatan para pihak yang bersengketa.

(3) Konsiliator tersebut harus mempunyai sertifikat keahlian yang ditetapkan oleh Lembaga.

(4) Konsiliator menyusun dan merumuskan upaya penyelesaian untuk ditawarkan kepada para pihak.

(5) Jika rumusan tersebut disetujui oleh para pihak, maka solusi yang dibuat konsiliator menjadi rumusan pemecahan masalah.

(6) Rumusan pemecahan masalah sebagaimana tersebut pada ayat (5) dituangkan dalam suatu kesepakatan tertulis.

DISPUTES

CLAIMS

AGREED YES NO

FINISHED

by cosultation by arbitration

ADR LITIGATION

by mediation

INDONESIAN LAW No 30/ 1999

by negotiation by conciliation

by expert assesment

by arbitration by mediation by conciliation assisted by expert assesor

INDONESIAN LAW No 18/ 1999 Act No 29 Year 2000

PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA KONSTRUKSI MENURUT FIDIC CONDITIONS OF CONTRACT MDB HARMONISED EDITION 2006





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DB/DRB/ DAB

84 hari (Klausula 20.4 Para 4)

84 hari (Klausula 20.4 Para 5)

Gagal

Pelaksanaan Arbitrase

Keputusan Disepakati

Notifikasi Penolakan atas keputusan

Final dan mengikat

Tidak sepakat

Amicable Setlement

Yes

28 hari (Klausula 20.4 Para 5) 28 hari

(Klausula 20.4 Para 5)

56 hari (Klausula 20.5 Para 1) No




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Sub-Clause 20.2 Appointment of the Dispute Board

Disputes shall be referred to a DB for decision in accordance with Sub-Clause 20.4 [Obtaining Dispute Board’s Decision]. The Parties shall appoint a DB by the date stated in the Contract Data. The DB shall comprise, as stated in the Contract Data, either one or three suitably qualified persons (“the members”), each of whom shall be fluent in the language for communication defined in the Contract and shall be a professional experienced in the type of construction involved in the Works and with the interpretation of contractual documents. If the number is not so stated and the Parties do not agree otherwise, the DB shall comprise three persons. If the Parties have not jointly appointed the DB 21 days before the date stated in the Contract Data and the DB is to comprise three persons, each Party shall nominate one member for the approval of the other Party. The first two members shall recommend and the Parties shall agree upon the third member, who shall act as chairman. However, if a list of potential members has been agreed by the Parties and is included in the Contract, the members shall be selected from those on the list, other than anyone who is unable or unwilling to accept appointment to the DB.

Pentingnya pengalaman DB

Waktu penunjukan DB

Waktu penunjukan DB

Daftar potensial DB

The agreement between the Parties and either the sole member or each of the three members shall incorporate by reference the General Conditions of Dispute Board Agreement contained in the Appendix to these General Conditions, with such amendments as are agreed between them. The terms of the remuneration of either the sole member or each of the three members, including the remuneration of any expert whom the DB consults, shall be mutually agreed upon by the Parties when agreeing the terms of appointment. Each Party shall be responsible for paying one-half of this remuneration. If at any time the Parties so agree, they may jointly refer a matter to the DB for it to give its opinion. Neither Party shall consult the DB on any matter without the agreement of the other Party. If a member declines to act or is unable to act as a result of death, disability, resignation or termination of appointment, a replacement shall be appointed in the same manner as the replaced person was required to have been nominated or agreed upon, as described in this Sub-Clause. The appointment of any member may be terminated by mutual agreement of both Parties, but not by the Employer or the Contractor acting alone. Unless otherwise agreed by both Parties, the appointment of the DB (including each member) shall expire when the discharge referred to in Sub-Clause 14.12 [Discharge] shall have become effective.

Sub-Clause 20.3 Failure to Agree on the Composition of the Dispute Board

If any of the following conditions apply, namely: (a) the Parties fail to agree upon the appointment of the sole member of the DB by the date stated in the first paragraph of Sub-Clause 20.2 [Appointment of the Dispute Board], (b) either Party fails to nominate a member (for approval by the other Party), or fails to approve a member nominated by the other Party, of a DB of three persons by such date, (c) the Parties fail to agree upon the appointment of the third member (to act as chairman) of the DB by such date, or (d) the Parties fail to agree upon the appointment of a replacement person within 42 days after the date on which the sole member or one of the three members declines to act or is unable to act as a result of death, disability, resignation or termination of appointment, then the appointing entity or official named in the Contract Data shall, upon the request of either or both of the Parties and after due consultation with both Parties, appoint this member of the DB. This appointment shall be final and conclusive. Each Party shall be responsible for paying one-half of the remuneration of the appointing entity or official.

Sub-Clause 20.4 Obtaining Dispute Board’s Decision

If a dispute (of any kind whatsoever) arises between the Parties in connection with, or arising out of, the Contract or the execution of the Works, including any dispute as to any certificate, determination, instruction, opinion or valuation of the Engineer, either Party may refer the dispute in writing to the DB for its decision, with copies to the other Party and the Engineer. Such reference shall state that it is given under this Sub-Clause. For a DB of three persons, the DB shall be deemed to have received such reference on the date when it is received by the chairman of the DB. Both Parties shall promptly make available to the DB all such additional information, further access to the Site, and appropriate facilities, as the DB may require for the purposes of making a decision on such dispute. The DB shall be deemed to be not acting as arbitrator(s). Within 84 days after receiving such reference, or within such other period as may be proposed by the DB and approved by both Parties, the DB shall give its decision, which shall be reasoned and shall state that it is given under this Sub-Clause. The decision shall be binding on both Parties, who shall promptly give effect to it unless and until it shall be revised in an amicable settlement or an arbitral award as described below. Unless the Contract has already been abandoned, repudiated or terminated, the Contractor shall continue to proceed with the Works in accordance with the Contract.

If either Party is dissatisfied with the DB’s decision, then either Party may, within 28 days after receiving the decision, give notice to the other Party of its dissatisfaction and intention to commence arbitration. If the DB fails to give its decision within the period of 84 days (or as otherwise approved) after receiving such reference, then either Party may, within 28 days after this period has expired, give notice to the other Party of its dissatisfaction and intention to commence arbitration. In either event, this notice of dissatisfaction shall state that it is given under this Sub- Clause, and shall set out the matter in dispute and the reason(s) for dissatisfaction. Except as stated in Sub-Clause 20.7 [Failure to Comply with Dispute Board’s Decision] and Sub-Clause 20.8 [Expiry of Dispute Board’s Appointment], neither Party shall be entitled to commence arbitration of a dispute unless a notice of dissatisfaction has been given in accordance with this Sub-Clause. If the DB has given its decision as to a matter in dispute to both Parties, and no notice of dissatisfaction has been given by either Party within 28 days after it received the DB’s decision, then the decision shall become final and binding upon both Parties.

Sub-Clause 20.5 Amicable Settlement

Where notice of dissatisfaction has been given under Sub-Clause 20.4 above, both Parties shall attempt to settle the dispute amicably before the commencement of arbitration. However, unless both Parties agree otherwise, arbitration may be commenced on or after the fifty-sixth day after the day on which a notice of dissatisfaction and intention to commence arbitration was given, even if no attempt at amicable settlement has been made.

Sub-Clause 20.6 Arbitration

Unless indicated otherwise in the Particular Conditions, any dispute not settled amicably and in respect of which the DB’s decision (if any) has not become final and binding shall be finally settled by arbitration. Unless otherwise agreed by both Parties: (a) for contracts with foreign contractors, international arbitration with proceedings administered by the institution appointed in the Contract Data conducted in accordance with the rules of arbitration of the appointed institution, if any, or in accordance with UNCITRAL arbitration rules, at the choice of the appointed institution,

CASES


Other Contractors Interference and Delay

Inadequate site investigation

DAM & HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT PROJECT

Diifferent Interpretation of Contract

Unforesseeable Physical Conditions

PHYSICAL FACTORS

NON PHYSICAL

FACTOR

NEW FACTOR

Slow Decision Making of the Employer

Constructive Change Order

Inefficiency and Disruption

© Sarwono Hardjomuljadi

Possession of Site and Availability

Subsurface conditions of geology

Changes in Design

Inadequate site investigation

Possession of Site and Availability

Changes in Design

ROADS & BRIDGES PROJECT

Diifferent Interpretation of Contract

Unforesseeable Physical Conditions

PHYSICAL FACTORS NON PHYSICAL

FACTOR

NEW FACTOR

Slow Decision Making of the Employer

Inefficiency and Disruption

© Sarwono Hardjomuljadi

Apakah terdapat perbedaan pendapat/ sengketa?

Apakah salah satu pihak memutuskan untuk menunjuk DAB, (copy pada pihak lain)?

Apakah DAB telah memberitahukan keputusannya kepada para pihak dalam 84 hari setelah diterimanya referensi ?

Apakah penyelesaian secara damai berhasil ?

Apakah salah satu pihak dalam 28 hari setelah keputusan DAB menyampaikan pemberitahuan kepada pihak lain atas ketidaksetujuannya ?

Arbitrase dapat dimulai sesudah 56 hari (aturan untuk proses arbitrase, refer Clause 20.5)

Sengketa dapat diselesaikan dengan adanya suatu penyelesaian

Keputusan DAB menjadi final dan mengikat

Setelah 84 hari, Clause 20.5 berlaku

Clause 20.4 tidak dipergunakan

YA YA YA YA TDK

TDK TDK TDK YA

Penyelesaian Sengketa

Claim by Contractor

PPK

Satker

Balai

Direktorat

LENDER

Accepted

EvaluaJon By Engineer

EvaluaJon By Papenkon

EvaluaJon By BPKP/Auditor DISPUTE

TATACARA PENYELESAIAN KLAIM INSTANSI PEMERINTAH (LOAN)

Faktor Tingkatan

PPK Satuan Kerja Balai / Balai Besar PJN Direktorat

Unsur terlibat

1. PPK Kasatker Tim Teknis Balai Tim Teknis Direktorat Jenderal

2. Konsultan Pani@a Peneli@ Pelaksanaan Kontrak

(Papenkon)

-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐

-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐

Kriteria

a. Tidak ada mata

pembayaran baru

Ada mata pembayaran baru

Jangka Waktu Pelaksanaan bertambah

Penambahan biaya akibat Jangka

Waktu Pelaksanaan bertambah.

b. Nilai Kontrak tetap

Nilai kontrak maksimal bertambah

10%

-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐

Persetujuan/ Auditor BPKP

TATACARA PENYELESAIAN KLAIM INSTANSI PEMERINTAH

Permohonan pekerjaan Tambah

dari Kontraktor

Permintaan Kajian dan Rekomendasi dari DIRUT OWNER

atas permohonan pekerjaan tambah kepada Konsultan

Hasil Kajian, Evaluasi dan Rekomendasi dari Konsultan atas permohonan pekerjaan

tambah kepada DIRUT OWNER

Permintaan Evaluasi dan negoisasi pekerjaan

tambah kepada PAPENKON

Undangan Rapat panpenkon kepada

konsultan dan Kontraktor

Evaluasi pekerjaan tambah antara

konsultan, Kontraktor dan Papenkon

Permohonan PAPENKON tentang persetujuan BA hasil evaluasi pekerjaan

tambah kepada DIRUT OWNER

Persetujuan DIRUT OWNER tentang persetujuan BA hasil evaluasi pekerjaan

tambah kepada Papenkon Addendum Kontrak

TATACARA PENYELESAIAN KLAIM BUMN

MENGAPA SERING MASALAH PELAKSANAAN PROYEK KONSTRUKSI BERKEMBANG KE RANAH PIDANA ?



KEGAGALAN BANGUNAN PP No 29 Tahun 2000 Pasal 34 Kegagalan Bangunan merupakan keadaan bangunan yang tidak berfungsi, baik secara keseluruhan maupun sebagian dari segi teknis, m a n f a a t , k e s e l a m a t a n d a n k e s e h a t a n k e r j a , d a n a t a u keselamatan umum sebagai akibat kesalahan Penyedia Jasa dan atau Pengguna Jasa setelah penyerahan akhir pekerjaan konstruksi

KEGAGALAN PEKERJAAN KONSTRUKSI PP No 29 Tahun 2000 Pasal 31 Kegagalan pekerjaan konstruksi adalah keadaan hasil pekerjaan konstruksi yang tidak sesuai dengan spesifikasi pekerjaan sebagaimana disepakati dalam kontrak kerja konstruksi baik sebagian maupun keseluruhan sebagai akibat kesalahan pengguna jasa atau penyedia jasa.

SANKSI PIDANA

UU No 18 Tahun 1999 Pasal 43 (1) Barang siapa yang melakukan perencanaan pekerjaan konstruksi yang tidak

memenuhi ketentuan keteknikan dan mengakibatkan kegagalan pekerjaan konstruksi atau kegagalan bangunan dikenai pidana paling lama 5 (lima) tahun penjara atau dikenakan denda paling banyak 10% (sepuluh per seratus) dari nilai kontrak.

(2) Barang siapa yang melakukan pelaksanaan pekerjaan konstruksi yang bertentangan atau tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan keteknikan yang telah ditetapkan dan mengakibatkan kegagalan pekerjaan konstruksi atau kegagalan bangunan dikenakan pidana paling lama 5 (lima) tahun penjara atau dikenakan denda paling banyak 5% (lima per seratus) dari nilai kontrak.

(3) Barang siapa yang melakukan pengawasan pelaksanaan pekerjaan konstruksi dengan sengaja memberi kesempatan kepada orang lain yang melaksanakan pekerjaan konstruksi melakukan penyimpangan terhadap ketentuan keteknikan dan menyebabkan timbulnya kegagalan pekerjaan konstruksi atau kegagalan bangunan dikenai pidana paling lama 5 (lima) tahun penjara atau dikenakan denda paling banyak 10% (sepuluh per seratus) dari nilai kontrak

THE PRESIDENT AND COUNTRY REPRESENTATIVES OF DRBF (Dewan Penyelesaian Sengketa Internasional) Barcelona, Spain, September 2013




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Pendiri Badan Arbitrase dan AlternaJf Penyelesaian Sengketa Konstruksi Tangggal 19 Agustus 2014, di Kantor Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum

Duduk: Pof. Dr.Satya Arinanto, SH, MH; Ir. Agus Rahardjo,MSM; Prof.Dr.Ir. Wiratman Wangsadinata; Dr.Ir. Djoko Kirmanto, Dip.HE; Abdul Rahman Saleh, SH, MH; Prof. Hilmahanto Juwana, SH, LLM, PhD; Prof.Ir.Roesdiman Soegiarso, MSc, PhD; Irjen Pol (Purn) Prof.Dr.dr.Hadiman, Sp.KO, SH, MBA, MSc. Berdiri: Dr.Ir.Sarwono Hardjomuljadi, MSc, MSBA, MH; Ir.Erie Heryadi, Dr.Amad Sudiro, SH, MH, MM; Bintang Perbowo, SE, MM; Dr.Ir.Sudarto, MT; Ir.Hedianto Husaini, MSCE, MSi; Firman Wijaya, SH, MH

Country Representative for Indonesia The Dispute Resolution Board Foundation

19550 International Blvd. So Suite 314 Seattle, Washington 98188, USA

Tel.(206) 878-3336, Fax (206) 878-3338 www.drb.org

Corporate Panel Member (MDBF) The Dispute Board Federation

14, rue du Rhone 1204 Geneva, Switzerland

Tel: +41 22 819 19 68, Fax: +41 44 732 69 95 www.dbfederation.org

Associate Member (ACIArb) Chartered Institute of Arbitrators

12 Bloomsbury Square London, WC1A 2LP, UK

Tel: +44 (0)20 7421 7444; Fax: +44 (0)20 7404 4023 www.ciarb.org

FIDIC International Accredited Trainer FIDIC Adjudicator

Federation Internationale des Ingenieurs-Conseils FIDIC - Box 311 - CH-1215 Geneva 15 - Switzerland

SKYPE fidic.secretariat - Tl +41-22-799 49 00 - Fx +41-22-799 49 01 www.FIDIC.org

Sarwono Hardjomuljadi Dr, Ir, MSc (Civ), MSBA (Bus), MH (Law), MDBF (ADR), ACIArb (Arb), ACPE (Eng)

TERIMA KASIH

Sarwono Hardjomuljadi Dr, Ir, MSC (Civ), MSBA (Bus), MH (Law), MDBF, ACIArb, ACPE. FIDIC Affiliate Member , FIDIC Accredited Trainer, FIDIC Adjudicator DRBF Country Representative for Indonesia Vice Chairman, Indonesia National Board for Construction Services Development [email protected] & [email protected] www.sarwonohm.com

Documents

DISPUTE BOARD Suatu Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa ...bpkonstruksi.pu.go.id/seminar/9. Sarwono Bapekon Sessi Siang Klaim... · Sarwono Hardjomuljadi Dr, Ir, MSC (Civ), MSBA (Bus),