DISASTER PREPAREDNESS A Time-Dependent and Policy- Driven Process to Underpin Disaster Resilience Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction,

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS

A Time-Dependent and Policy-Driven Process to Underpin

Disaster Resilience

Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of

North Carolina, USA

THE STATE OF THE WORLD: UNPREPARED

REALITY: 200 Nations and 7 Billion People are Investing Over 6 Trillion Dollars Each Year in Urban Development and Billions in Education.REALITY: Each Year, approximately 700-900 Events Cause Economic losses in the $ Billions With Large Tolls in Mortality and Morbidity and a Loss Potential That is Increasing Exponentially With Time.

DISASTERS OCCUR WHEN---

A COMMUNITY’S PUBLIC POLICIES ALLOW IT TO BE …

UN—PREPARED

COMMUNITYCOMMUNITYCOMMUNITYCOMMUNITYDATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATIONDATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATION

HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS

•NATURAL HAZARDS•INVENTORY•VULNERABILITY•LOCATION

RISK ASSESSMENTRISK ASSESSMENT

RISK

ACCEPTABLE RISK

UNACCEPTABLE RISK

GOAL: DISASTER GOAL: DISASTER RESILIENCERESILIENCE

•PREPAREDNESS•PROTECTION•EMERGENCY RESPONSE•RECOVERY IENCE

FOUR PILLARS OF FOUR PILLARS OF RESILIENCERESILIENCE

GOAL:FROM UN—PREPARED

TO A STATE OF

PREPAREDNESS FOR ALL NATURAL

HAZARDS

GOAL:FROM UN—PREPARED

TO A STATE OF

PREPAREDNESS FOR ALL NATURAL

HAZARDS

The Goal:Making Cities Disaster

Resilient

Concentrating all Available Resources on The Urgent Goal ISDR Introduced to the

World on

October 13th, 2010

A PART OF THE UNITED NATIONS’ WORLD DISASTER REDUCTION

CAMPAIGNCoordinated by the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster

Reduction (ISDR)

THE WAY FORWARD THE WAY FORWARD

DISASTER RESILIENCE

IN

EVERY CITY IN EVERY REGION OF THE WORLD

AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE

DISASTER RESILIENCE

IN

EVERY CITY IN EVERY REGION OF THE WORLD

AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE

TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENCE IN TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENCE IN EVERY CITY THROUGHOUT WORLD EVERY CITY THROUGHOUT WORLD TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENCE IN TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENCE IN EVERY CITY THROUGHOUT WORLD EVERY CITY THROUGHOUT WORLD

ADOPTION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF DISASTER RISK

REDUCTION POLICIES &

/PROGRAMS

ADOPTION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF DISASTER RISK

REDUCTION POLICIES &

/PROGRAMS EUROPEEUROPEEUROPEEUROPE ASIA ASIA ASIA ASIA

MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN SUB-SAHARA SUB-SAHARA

AFRICAAFRICA

SUB-SAHARA SUB-SAHARA

AFRICAAFRICA

CARIBBEAN CARIBBEAN

BASINBASIN

CARIBBEAN CARIBBEAN

BASINBASINISLAND NATIONSISLAND NATIONSISLAND NATIONSISLAND NATIONS

THE AMERICASTHE AMERICASTHE AMERICASTHE AMERICAS

ELEMENT 1 OF DISASTER PREPAREDNESS

• HAZARD, VULNERABILITY, AND RISK ASSESSMENTS


• PREDICTIONS, FORECASTS AND WARNING SYSTEMS


• DISASTER PLANNING SCENARIOS


• INSURANCE


• TOWARDS THE “INTELLIGENT COMMUNITY “

HAZARDSHAZARDSHAZARDSHAZARDS

ELEMENTS OF RISKELEMENTS OF RISKELEMENTS OF RISKELEMENTS OF RISK

EXPOSUREEXPOSUREEXPOSUREEXPOSURE

VULNERABILITYVULNERABILITYVULNERABILITYVULNERABILITY LOCATIONLOCATIONLOCATIONLOCATION

RISKRISKRISKRISK

HAZARD, VULNERABILITY, AND RISK ASSESSMENTS

HAZARD, VULNERABILITY, AND RISK ASSESSMENTS

• WHERE WILL THE NAT. HAZARD OCCUR?

• WHEN?• PHYSICAL EFFECTS?• HOW BIG OR SEVERE?• WHAT IS AT RISK?• THE VULNERABILITIES?• EXPECTED DAMAGE?• EXPECTED SOCIO-

ECONOMIC IMPACTS?

• WHERE WILL THE NAT. HAZARD OCCUR?

• WHEN?• PHYSICAL EFFECTS?• HOW BIG OR SEVERE?• WHAT IS AT RISK?• THE VULNERABILITIES?• EXPECTED DAMAGE?• EXPECTED SOCIO-

ECONOMIC IMPACTS?

GOAL: The implementation of

policies by local governments that will move their cities towards disaster

resilience.

An Unique Opportunity:

This is an opportunity for the world’s more than 1 million cities to

adopt the ISDR’S urgent goal of becoming disaster resilient as

quickly as possible, and to find ways to make it happen.

SOME OF THE KINDS OF DISASTERS THAT

HAPPENED DURING 2010-2011 DEMONSTRATE THE URGENT NEED FOR

RESILIENCE

EARTHQUAKES: 2010

• HAITI

• CHILE

•TURKEY

•INDONESIA

•CHINA

•TAIWAN

EARTHQUAKES: 2011

• JAPAN

• CHILE

•NEW ZEALAND

•TURKEY

LANDSLIDES: 2010

• MACHU PICCHU

•SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA

•MADEIRA (PORTUGAL)

• BRAZIL (RIO DE JANEIRO)

•TAIWAN

•SANTA MARIA TLAHUITOLTAPEC

SEVERE WINDSTORMS: 2010

XynthiaTropical Storms and Hurricanes:

Atlantic BasinTropical Storms and Hurricanes:

Pacific BasinTyphoonsCyclones

SEVERE WINDSTORMS: 2011

Tornadoes in USAHurricane Irene

Tropical Storm Lee Typhoons

FLOODS: 2010

• BRAZIL (RIO DE JANEIRO)

•EUROPE

•PAKISTAN

FLOODS: 2011

• QUEENSLAND, AUSTRALIA

•MISSISSIPPI RIVER AREA, USA

•BANGKOK, THAILAND

VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS:2010

• ICELAND

• INDONESIA

VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS:2011

• ICELAND

WILDFIRES: 2010

• SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA

• RUSSIA

•ISRAEL

WILDFIRES: 2011

• ARIZONA

•TEXAS

DROUGHT

CONTINUES IN THE CARIBBEAN

CONTINUES IN WESTERN CHINA

OIL SPILLS AND LEAKS: 2010

• GULF OF MEXICO

•CHINA

THE RESILIENT CITIES CAMPAIGN

THE CAMPAIGN WILL SUCCEED WHEN CITIES ARE PREPARED FOR ALL NATURAL HAZARDS, AND ARE REDUCING DISASTER

RISKS TOWARDS ZERO

EVERY REGION HAS CITIES WITH EVERY REGION HAS CITIES WITH “CHAMPIONS” TO PROVIDE “CHAMPIONS” TO PROVIDE LEADERSHIPLEADERSHIP

EVERY REGION HAS CITIES WITH EVERY REGION HAS CITIES WITH “CHAMPIONS” TO PROVIDE “CHAMPIONS” TO PROVIDE LEADERSHIPLEADERSHIP

200 NATIONS AND 7

BILLION PEOPLE

200 NATIONS AND 7

BILLION PEOPLE

NORTH AMERICA

NORTH AMERICA

CARIBBEAN BASIN

CARIBBEAN BASIN

SUB-SAHARAAFRICA

SUB-SAHARAAFRICA

MEDITER-RANEAN

MEDITER-RANEAN

ISLAND NATIONS ISLAND NATIONS

ASIA ASIA

SOUTHAMERICASOUTH

AMERICA

EUROPEEUROPE

THE GOAL OF EVERY CITYTHE GOAL OF EVERY CITY

• LESS RISK!• PREPARED FOR

ALL NATURAL HAZARDS (E.G., FLOODS, SEVERE WINDSTORMS, EARTHQUAKES)

• LESS RISK!• PREPARED FOR

ALL NATURAL HAZARDS (E.G., FLOODS, SEVERE WINDSTORMS, EARTHQUAKES)

F A C E IS THE KEYF A C E IS THE KEY

• FACTS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY!

• COMMUNITY AND REGIONAL ALLIANCES!

• CHANGE IN THINKING!

• EFFORTS THAT BUILD LOCAL CAPACITY FOR PREPAREDNESS

USE GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCES AS A USE GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCES AS A BASIS FOR LOCAL PUBLIC POLICIESBASIS FOR LOCAL PUBLIC POLICIES

USE GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCES AS A USE GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCES AS A BASIS FOR LOCAL PUBLIC POLICIESBASIS FOR LOCAL PUBLIC POLICIES

SEED BED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

CAMPAIGHSTHAT MEET COMMUNITY

NEEDS

SEED BED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

CAMPAIGHSTHAT MEET COMMUNITY

NEEDS

RESILIENT DEVELOPMENT

RESILIENT DEVELOPMENT

RESILIENT TRANSPORTATION

RESILIENT TRANSPORTATION

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGYSCIENCE &

TECHNOLOGY

ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTION

ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTION

POLICYIMPLEMENTATION

POLICYIMPLEMENTATION

RESILIENT ENTERPRISE RESILIENT

ENTERPRISE

NATURAL &TECH. HAZARDS

NATURAL &TECH. HAZARDS

CONSTRUCTIONTECHNIQUES

CONSTRUCTIONTECHNIQUES

CITY PLANS

CITY PLANS

FOR DISASTER

FOR DISASTER

RISK REDUCTION

RISK REDUCTION

- Perspectives

- Perspectives

On Science, Policy,

On Science, Policy,

And EDUC.

And EDUC.

HOW TO FAIL HOW TO FAIL HOW TO FAIL HOW TO FAIL

FACTFACT: NO CITY CAN REDUCE ITS DISASTER RISKS WITHOUT A : NO CITY CAN REDUCE ITS DISASTER RISKS WITHOUT A LONG-TERM STRATEGIC EFFORT.LONG-TERM STRATEGIC EFFORT.

FACTFACT: NO CITY CAN REDUCE ITS DISASTER RISKS WITHOUT A : NO CITY CAN REDUCE ITS DISASTER RISKS WITHOUT A LONG-TERM STRATEGIC EFFORT.LONG-TERM STRATEGIC EFFORT.

GOALS:GOALS:GOALS:GOALS:

DISASTER DISASTER RISK RISK

REDUCTIONREDUCTION


REDUCTIONREDUCTION

CAPACITY CAPACITY FOR FOR


REDUCTIONREDUCTION

CAPACITY CAPACITY FOR FOR


REDUCTIONREDUCTION

DISASTER DISASTER RESILIENCERESILIENCEDISASTER DISASTER

RESILIENCERESILIENCE

HOW TO SUCCEEDHOW TO SUCCEEDHOW TO SUCCEEDHOW TO SUCCEED

SOCIALSOCIAL

SCIENCESCIENCE

SOCIALSOCIAL

SCIENCESCIENCE

PHYSICAL PHYSICAL SCIENCESSCIENCESPHYSICAL PHYSICAL SCIENCESSCIENCES

ENGINEERINGENGINEERING

SCIENCESSCIENCES

ENGINEERINGENGINEERING

SCIENCESSCIENCES

SUCCESS:SUCCESS: A STATE OF PREPAREDNESS IN EVERY CITY A STATE OF PREPAREDNESS IN EVERY CITY SUCCESS:SUCCESS: A STATE OF PREPAREDNESS IN EVERY CITY A STATE OF PREPAREDNESS IN EVERY CITY

STRATEGIC GOALSTRATEGIC GOAL: WORKING TOGETHER TO INCREASE : WORKING TOGETHER TO INCREASE CAPACITY IN EVERY SECTOR OF THE CITYCAPACITY IN EVERY SECTOR OF THE CITY

STRATEGIC GOALSTRATEGIC GOAL: WORKING TOGETHER TO INCREASE : WORKING TOGETHER TO INCREASE CAPACITY IN EVERY SECTOR OF THE CITYCAPACITY IN EVERY SECTOR OF THE CITY

TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES

TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES

ISLAND NATIONS

BUILD ON CULTURAL DIVERSITY OF NATIONS IN THE REGION

GOAL: GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster RISKRISK

GOAL: GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster RISKRISK

BUILD TECHNICAL AND POLITICAL CAPACITY FOR INCREASED COMMITMENT

IMPROVE COMMUNICATIONS

INCREASE AND IMPROVE PARTNERSHIPS

FOCUS ON PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS AND INNO-VATIVE IMPLEMENTATION

DEVELOP FINANCIAL RESOURCES

INCREASE RESILIENCE OF COMMUNITIES BY REDUCING VULMERABILITIES

IMPROVE PUBLIC EDUCATION AND AWARENESS

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES


SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

INCREASE PUBLIC AWARENESS

GOAL: GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Focus on Solutions For Reducing DisastersDisasters


REDUCE PHYSICAL, SOCIAL, AND ENTERPRISE VULNERABILITIES

ACCELERATE EDUCATION (WITH FOCUS ON RISK REDUCTION TECHNIQUES

INCREASE CAPACITY TO MITIGATE DAMAGE/LOSS OF ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS

ENHANCE PUBLIC HEALTH

IIPROVE CAPACITY FOR PERFORMING LOSS ESTIMATIONS

ESTABLISH AN AFRICAN CENTER OF EXCELLENCE ON SUSTAINABILE DEVELOPMENT

ESTABLISH SUB-REGIONAL CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE ON SUSTAINABILE DEVELOPMENT



CARIBBEAN BASIN NATIONS

INCREASE PUBLIC AWARENESS OF SOCIAL AND PHYSICAL RISKS



INCREASE UNDERSTANDING OF RISKS IN EVERY NATION

ASSESS AND REDUCE VULNERABILITIES ON ISLAND-SPECIFIC SCALES

ASSESS AND REDUCE VULNERABILITIES ON COMMUNITY SCALES

ASSESS AND REDUCE VULNERABILITIES ON NATIONAL SCALES

ASSESS AND REDUCE VULNERABILITIES ON REGIONAL SCALE

CONTINUE BUILDING BASIN-WIDE PARTNERSHOPS



EUROPE

IMPROVE EARLY WARNING AND EARLY RESPONSE



IMPROVE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT

REDUCE VULNERABILITIES TO NATURAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARDS

INCREASE PROTECTION OF PEOPLE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE

ADVANCE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRAMS

EMPOWER POLLITICAL WILL TO CHANGE POLICIES AND PRACTICES

TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE SOCIETAL DEVELOPMENT

CREATE A FORUM ON DISAS-TER RISK MANAGEMENT



MEDITERRANEAN REGION

INCREASE PUBLIC AWARENESS IN EVERY NATION




REDUCE VULNERABILITIES TO NATURAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARDS

INCREASE PROTECTION OF PEOPLE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE

ADVANCE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRAMS

EMPOWER POLITICAL WILL TO CHANGE POLICIES AND PRACTICES

TOWARDs SUSTAINABLE SOCIETAL DEVELOPMENT

CONTINUE IMPROVING PARTNERSHIPS FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES IN TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES IN EACH REGION EACH REGION

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES IN TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES IN EACH REGION EACH REGION

ASIA

IMPROVE PUBLIC AWARENESS




REDUCE ALL URBAN VULNERABILITIES

IMPROVE ALL ASPECTS OF DATA MANAGEMENT

FORMATION OF CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE



THE AMERICAS

IMPROVE CAPABILITY TO AVOID DISASTERS AS PART OF LAND-USE PLANNING

GOAL: GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing DisastersFocus on Solutions For Reducing DisastersGOAL: GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing DisastersFocus on Solutions For Reducing Disasters

IMPROVE CAPABILITY TO MATCH STRUCTURAL DESIGN WITH HAZARD DEMAND

IMPROVE EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS, RESPONE, AND RECOVERY

IMPROVE DISASTER SCENARIOS

IMPROVE PUBLIC AWARENESS AND EDUCATION

IMPROVE HAZARD CHARACTERIZATION MODELS AND MAPS

DEVELOP COMMUNITY REDUCE ALL URBAN VULNERABILITIES

IMPROVE ENVIRONMENTAL VULNERABILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENTS



THE AMERICAS (CONTINUED)

IMPROVE MITIGATION AND PREPAREDNESS MODELS TO MANAGE RISK



IMPROVE THE NEXT GENERATION OF BUILDING CODES AND STANDARDS

IMPROVE UNDERSTANDING OF INTERACTION OF HAZARD AND BUILT ENVIRONMENTS

INCREASED COLLECTION AND SHARING OF KNOWLEDGE

IMPROVE DATA COLLECTION AND MANAGEMENT

IMPROVE PROCESS FOR SHARING KNOWLEDGE AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES

ENHANCING MULTIPLE EFFORTS IN CAPACITY BUILDING

CLOSE “IMPLEMENTATION GAP “



INNOVATIVE IMPLEMENTATION IS THE KEY

OUTREACH BY KNOWLEDGE PRODUCING ORGANIZATIONS

GOAL: GOAL: Focus on Success; FAILURE IS A LOSS Focus on Success; FAILURE IS A LOSS FOR EVERYONEFOR EVERYONE!!

GOAL: GOAL: Focus on Success; FAILURE IS A LOSS Focus on Success; FAILURE IS A LOSS FOR EVERYONEFOR EVERYONE!!

COUNTER-DISASTER TRAINING OF RESPONSIBLE PERSONS

PUBLIC AWARENESS TO GAIN SUPPORT FOR SUSTAINED IMPLEMENTATION

COORDINATED BUSINESS POLICIES AND PRACTICES

COORDINATED GOVERNMENT POLICES, PRACTICES, AND LEGISLATION

IMPROVED TRANS-BORDER LINKAGES BETWEEN COUNTRIES

IMPROVED LEVERAGING OF EXISTING INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS

COMMINICATION!

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IS A “24/7” EFFORT


• PREVENTION (CONTROL THE SOURCE)

• PROTECTION (BUILD TO WITHSTAND)

• LAND-USE CONTROL (AVOIDANCE)

• PREVENTION (CONTROL THE SOURCE)

• PROTECTION (BUILD TO WITHSTAND)

• LAND-USE CONTROL (AVOIDANCE)



• MONITORING (FACILITATES EARLY WARNING, EVACUATION, AND INTERVENTION TO PROTECT PEOPLE AND PROPERTY)

• MONITORING (FACILITATES EARLY WARNING, EVACUATION, AND INTERVENTION TO PROTECT PEOPLE AND PROPERTY)

Documents

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS A Time-Dependent and Policy- Driven Process to Underpin Disaster Resilience Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction,