DIRECTION AND DISTANCE

In which Direction?How Far Away?

In which Direction?How Far Away?

EXPRESSING DIRECTION IN A CONVENTIONAL MANNER

• Use 16 direction rose• Assume position of observer• Determine the direction

From ‘O’ to ____OR

Of __ from ‘O’

O

G

F

E

C

D

B

A

O

G

F

E

C

D

B

A

MAP 45 D/10

ANSWER

1.SSE

2.NE

DIRECTION AS BEARING

When direction expressed as an angle,

• It is also known as– Bearing– Azimuth– Forward Bearing (FB)

FINDING THE BEARING

FINDING THE BEARING

STEPS1. Draw a line passing through both points2. Draw an arrow pointing towards the place whose

direction is asked3. Measure the clockwise angle that this line makes

with any easting

AA

BB

AA

BB

FORWARD BEARING = 47°

AA

BB

AA

BB

FORWARD BEARING = 123°AA

BB

AA

BB

FORWARD BEARING = 311°AA

BB

0 °

45 °

90 °

135 °

180 °

225 °

270 °

315 °

DISTANCE

DISTANCE - TYPES

• Direct Distance– Straight line (As the Crow Flies) distance

• Indirect Distance– Along a path• Road• Cart Track• River• Canal

FINDING DIRECT DISTANCE

1. Measure the distance between the centre of the two places in cm

2. Convert distance in km (or meters) (Use the scale, i.e.; 2cm = 1 km)3. Round off to nearest 0.25 km (250 meters)

Exercise for finding direct distance

Answers1.7 Km2.4.5 Km

45 D/101.Dantral (0323) and Dangrali (1024)2.Pamera (1622) and Sanwara (2025)

DIRECT

DISTA

NCE

INDIRE

CT DIS

TANCE

FINDING INDIRECT DISTANCE

1. Place a string along the path between the centre of the two places

2. Measure the length of the string in cm3. Convert distance in km (or metres) (Use the scale, i.e.; 2cm = 1 km)4. Round off to nearest 0.25 km (250 metres)