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Digitalisation as an enabler :
eGovernment as universal platform
Jüri Kahn
Ambassador, PhD (Economics)
MFA, Estonia
Digital infractructure as an enabler
• Connectivity (broadband, fiber-optic, spectrum,
frequencies, regulatory etc.) (hard infrastructure)
• Digital data, digital registries, applications,
interoperability, data security, information systems etc.
(soft infrastructure) : Government driven development
– no direct return of investments
• Applications, not just connectivity,
will bring Digital Dividends !
• No need to wait until last mile will be connected !
History• 2000: e-Tax Board (prefilled e-declarations)
• 2000: m-Parking, e-Banking, e-Cabinet, e-School
• 2001: e-population register, eGIS, e-participation
• 2002: interoperability framework ( x-road ),
• 2002: ID card with electronic chip - PKI, digital signature
• 2004: e-Public Finance Management,
• 2005: voting via Internet
• 2007: mobile-ID,
• 2007: e-Police information system
• 2008: e-Health information system
• 2008: e-Justice information system
• 2008: e-Business registry
• 2010: e-Prescription, e-Invoice, e-file
• 2011: state portal …………..
….… 120 data bases, more than 600 complex application
eGovernment • e-Government – comprehensive, universal
system enabling e-services based on e-
registries, data exchange layer (interoperability)
and e-ID based PKI.
• Interoperability framework: secure exchange of
data between databases via internet (X – road)
• Personal e-ID for secure autentification,
authorized access and e-signature
• Legal, institutional and technical infrastructure
Parental benefit – best eGov service in 2004 (interoperability
of 5 information systems from 5 government institutions)
eGovernment example:
12.05.2017
E-Voting in Estonia
More than 30% of voters in 2015
e-Participation example
National chip-based Identity Card, 2002
Compulsory for all residents
Issuing authority:
Estonian Citizenship and
Migration Board
Service contractor:
TRÜB Switzerland
Conformance with:
ICAO Doc. 9303 part 3
Inside 16 Kb RSA crypto chip are :
2 private keys;
authentication certificate;
digital signature certificate;
personal data file
Mobile-ID (in SIM card)
• Doesn’t need
software installed
on PC
• Doesn’t need web
browser support
• Works on any
handset
• Can be supported
by any operator
12 May 20178
13 April 2010 www.ega.ee
550 org.
5 160 DB
~ 400 000 ~ 45 000
500 DB
1,100,000
national interoperability framework
3000
services
PHARMACIES
AND FAMILY
DOCTORS
X-Road, ID-card, State IS Service Register
HE
AL
TH
CA
RE
BO
AR
D-
Health c
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ers
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ealth p
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ssio
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hem
ists
ST
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F M
ED
ICIN
ES
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odin
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entr
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andle
rs o
f m
edic
ines
PO
PU
LA
TIO
N R
EG
IST
ER
PH
AR
MA
CIE
S2010 january
BU
SIN
ES
S R
EG
IST
ER
HO
SP
ITA
LS
2009
FA
MIL
Y D
OC
TO
RS
2009
SC
HO
OL
NU
RS
ES
20
10
se
pte
mb
er
ANONYMIZED
HEALTH DATA
FOR STATISTICS
2013NATION- WIDE
HEALTH
INFORMATION
SYSTEM
2008 december
PRESCRIPTION
CENTRE
2010 january
DOCTOR
PORTAL
2013
X-ROAD
GATEWAY
SERVICE
2009
eHealth architecture
PATIENT
PORTAL
2009
2013 v2
SOCIAL
INSURANC
E BOARD
PORTAL
2012
HEALTH INSURANCE
FUND REGISTER
X-ROAD
GATEWAY
FOR
EMERGENCY
SERVICES
2014
STATISTICS
PORTAL
2013
EMERGENCY
SERVICE
MOBILE
WORKSTATIT
IONS
E-Justice Architecture
E-File
KRMR
KIS
KarReg
VangIS
MIS
VMP
AET
SAP
eFile
eFile
Need for Interfaces Between IS-s
KRMR
KIS
KarReg
AET
MIS
VangIS
eFile
Legal Protection Systems▪ MIS Police Information System
▪ KRMR Criminal Case Management Register(prosecutors office and investigative institutions)
▪ KIS Court Information System
▪ TÄITIS Bailiffs Information System
▪ VANGIS Information System of Prisons
▪ KRHIS Probation Information System
▪ KARREG Punishment Register(penalties and fees)
▪ AET Public E-File
▪ RKIS IS of the Supreme Court of Estonia
eFile
National Digital ID management
• State monopoly and responsibility to identify its
residents and issue certificates to the e-ID
documents – state guaranteed identity
• Centralized identity management
• One person – one identity
• Verification of certificates via Public Identification
Code
• Obligatory for all government institutions to accept
• Usable for all public services
Way forward: Cross border cooperation
X-road : Finland and Estonia :
model for REC-s in Africa ?
How to develop the e-government ?
• Explanatory phase: Decision makers : Parliament, PMO,
CIO of ministries and agencies - Awareness of
possibilities, conditions, human resources, time, price.
• Decision-making phase: evaluation of resources and
sustainability, launching the e-government development
• Determining priority areas : e-ID, x-road, e-registries, e-
services
• Incorporating e-government components into the line
ministeries development strategies
• Practical implementation
What EU and AU can do together ?
1) promoting awareness building – training courses,
workshops, conferences - learning from champions.
2) supporting preparations of national strategies for
launching e-government systems
3) supporting implementation:
a) institutions needed for management
b) legislation needed for determining rights and
responsibilities of actors
c) technical development – implementing technical
components into the national e-government system
d) technical supervision, upgrade
What we have to do ?
1) Ownership: demand should come from Africa
2) Political readiness from EU: not only connectivity
3) EIP – supporting digitalization, as well as EDF, ITF
4) Institutionalization of cooperation : EU – AU D4D
Advisory Team, African eGovernment Academy
5) Metodology for comprehencive approach
Could EU – Africa Summit will support launching
e-government related cooperation already in 2017 ?
Learn more: EU development days 2017
Thank you !