Dialysis

Spectra/Por®Dialysis membrane tubing, discs, sheets and accessories

Three types of

Dialysis

Membranes

Regenerated

Cellulose (RC)

Cellulose

Ester (CE)

Polyvinylidene

Difluoride (PVDF)

17 Choices of

Molecular Weight

Cut Offs

From 100 to

1.000.000 Daltons

Two different

Qualities

Regular Quality

Membranes

Biotech Quality

Available

Irradiated and/or

Non-irradiatedBe wise!

Take Spectrum

if you need

to dialyse!

Spectra/Por® Dialysis membrane tubing, discs, sheets and accessories

Introduction dialysis

Dialysis is the process of diffusion of solutes througha semi permeable membrane from a liquid with ahigher solute concentration on one side of themembrane to a liquid with a lower concentration onthe other side. The membranes are semi permeablebecause they allow some molecules to pass whilepreventing others from passing. The process has longbeen used for molecular separation of smallmolecules from macromolecules. This relatively simple process is cost effective forseveral reasons:

a. Wide Range of Sample Volumesb. Gentle Conditionsc. Inexpensive Membrane and Equipment

Common dialysis applications utilize tubular forms ofmembranes and involve placing a “sample” insidethe membrane and a “buffer” outside the membrane.The process is run until the desired degree ofseparation is attained. Molecules smaller than thepores will eventually be equally distributed betweenthe two solutions. Usually, a very large volume ofbuffer is chosen so that the permeable species aregreatly diluted and therefore reduced to very smallconcentrations in the remaining sample solution.Commonly, dialysis processes require several hours tocomplete.The original type of dialysis membranes utilized for diffusion studies was cellulose nitrate. Thesemembranes were not ideal because they tended tohave high protein adsorption, thus limiting their usein the purification and separation of biologicalsolutions. Regenerated cellulose membranes werethen used because they alleviated the proteinadsorption problems. Regenerated cellulose alsoexhibits good chemical and temperature resistance.The membranes, however, were limited in MolecularWeight Cut Off (MWCO).

Greater membrane permeability was achieved throughthe use of cellulose ester.These solutions could be formulated to yield a widerrange of pore sizes. Cellulose Ester membranes arenow widely used for clinical and laboratory dialysis. Membranes used for dialysis have pore sizes rangingfrom 100 to 100.000 Daltons.For simple dialysis applications of removing salts orsmall molecules, the use of membrane tubing isconvenient, efficient and inexpensive. This can beaccomplished with a length of membrane tubing in acontainer with buffer. Stirring the buffer is recommended to increase thedialysis rate. Dialysis closures are used to provide aneasy method for sealing the ends of the dialysis tubing.

How to select Molecular Weight Cut Off (MWCO)?Dialysis membrane pore sizes are characterized bythe molecular weight at which 90% of the solute willbe retained (preventive from permeating) by themembrane. The permeability of a solute is dependingupon the shape of the molecule, its degree of hydrationand its charge. Each of these may be influenced bynature of the solvent, the pH and the ionic strength.As a general rule, it is best to choose a MWCO that ishalf the molecular weight of the solute to beretained. For effective separation, please refer to thefollowing formula as a guide:

MW retained ≥ 25

MW passed

This maximizes the sample recovery and minimizesthe time required for dialysis.

Dialysis using conventional tubular membranes

3


Dialysis Procedure

The following dialysis procedure is a general protocolfor basic dialysis. There are many variables that shouldbe taken into consideration before starting the dialysisof your sample. Some of the variables that will affectthe rate of dialysis are sample solute concentration,sample solute size, solute binding, sample solvent,temperature, etc. Therefore, some application specificchanges to the following dialysis procedures may benecessary.

Dialysis ReservoirFill a Spectra/Por® dialysis reservoir (e.g. the Spectra/Por®

Dialysis Reservoir) with a large volume of your dialysate of

choice. Most dialysis applications require that your dialysate

consists of the same components as your dialysis sample

except for the components (solutes and/or solvents) that

you want to remove from your sample. Ideally, the

dialysate volume should equal 100x your sample volume.

(Example: dialyse 10 ml of sample in a liter of dialysate).

Drop a clean magnetic stir bar into the dialysis reservoir.

Make sure that the stir bar is large enough to stir the

entire dialysate volume but not too large that it cannot

freely rotate. Place the dialysis reservoir on a stirrer. After

you place your dialysis sample in the dialysis reservoir,

adjust the control for the maximum speed that does not

pull down your sample by the vortex.

Loading Dialysis Membrane with SampleCut off the appropriate length of dialysis membrane that

you will need for your sample. To determine the length of

tubing you need refer to the “Volume/Length” ratio

(ml/cm) provided on the membrane packaging or in the

Spectrum Catalog. You will need to cut a piece long

enough that will allow for your entire volume plus 10% of

sample volume for head space (air that keeps the sample

buoyant) plus at least two cm for each closure

(4 cm totally).

Note: If membrane tubing has not been previously

prepared, the cut piece may need to be prepared

depending on the application requirements.

Open one end of the prepared tubing piece using your

fingers. Work the rest of the tubing piece open. If the

membrane is dry and not prepared, use a Spectra/Por®

Opener. Fold the Opener so that the adhesive sections are

exactly opposite of each other. Remove the brown

adhesive protection strips. Align the edge of the Opener

with the end of the dry tubing such that the membrane

tubing is laying across the opener. Fold the Opener over

the tubing, press hard and hold on the adhesive portion

of the Opener for about five seconds. Now gently and

slowly pull the two halves of the Opener apart. The

adhesive portions on the Opener should pull the end of

the membrane tubing open. Lay one end of the

membrane tubing across an open membrane closure, such

that there is at least 1 cm extending past the open closure.

Make sure that the gripping portion of the closure is at

least 2 mm wider than the flat width of the membrane.

Clamp the closure shut and locked over the tubing end.

Make sure that the end of the membrane tubing is still

extending squarely past the closure.

Note: Spectra/Por® CE Closures (nylon) can be used

with all types of membrane tubing. Spectra/Por®

Closures (polypropylene) can only be used with

Regenerated Cellulose membranes.

(see Closures on pages 22-23-24).

Holding the other end of the membrane tubing upright

and open, load your sample, keeping in mind the volume

and the tubing length.

Hold the tubing upright; carefully clamp the second

closure on the top end of the tubing piece, allowing for a

headspace. Make sure that the membrane extends

squarely past the closure after clamping. Gently pinch

along the length of the tubing to detect any leaks. If leaks

are found, the closure needs to be reapplied.

DialysisPlace the membrane tubing loaded with your sample into

the dialysis reservoir containing the dialysate solution. If

the membrane does not float, either remove some sample

volume or reapply the closures to increase the headspace

in the membrane tubing.

Adjust the speed control on the stirrer high enough to stir

the entire volume of dialysate but not high enough to pull

the sample down in the vortex. Place the lid on the dialysis

reservoir to prevent dialysate evaporation.

Typically, dialysis is allowed to run overnight. During the

duration of dialysis, the entire dialysate volume should be

changed for fresh dialysate solution at least three times.

Recommended dialysate changes are at 2-4 hours, 6-8

hours, and 10-14 hours (next morning). Dialysis should be

allowed to continue for at least 2 hours after the last

dialysate change.

Note: For highly concentrated samples, you may need to

dialyse for a longer duration with more frequent

dialysate changes.

The temperature of dialysis primarily depends on the

sample. There are temperature limits depending on the

membrane type being used. Cellulose Ester (CE) can with-

stand temperatures up to 37° C. Regenerated Cellulose

(RC) can withstand temperatures up to 60° C. PVDF can

withstand temperatures up to 130° C.

After a sufficient period of time has passed to bring

dialysis to completion, turn off the stirrer and remove the

membrane tubing containing the sample from the dialysis

reservoir. Holding the tubing by one end, carefully remove

the upper membrane closure and remove the sample with

a plastic pipette and dispense into an appropriate

container.

4


100 DaltonsSpectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membrane Tubing Cellulose Ester (CE) 19 19

Spectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membrane Tubing Irradiated Cellulose Ester (CE) 19 20

Spectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membrane Discs Cellulose Ester (CE) 19 20

Spectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membrane Sheets Cellulose Ester (CE) 19 20

500 DaltonsSpectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membrane Tubing Cellulose Ester (CE) 19 19




1.000 DaltonsSpectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membrane Tubing Cellulose Ester (CE) 19 19




Spectra/Por® 6 Dialysis Membrane Tubing Regenerated Cellulose (RC) 14 15






MWCO list Page

Specs Orderinginfo

5


The Spectra/Por® Dialysis Membranes from SPECTRUM have proven to be the most useful

and most extended dialysis membrane product range available for laboratory dialysis:

3 TYPES OF DIALYSIS MEMBRANES:

• Spectra/Por® Regenerated Cellulose (RC) Dialysis Membranes. These membranes have a good chemical compatibility for selective organic solvents, a pH range of 2 – 12and a temperature stability of up to 60° C.

There are two types of RC membranes:

- Spectra/Por Regenerated Cellulose - Standard Quality

- Spectra/Por® Biotech Regenerated Cellulose (ultra pure)

• Spectra/Por® Biotech Cellulose Ester (CE) Dialysis Membranes.The Cellulose Ester Membranes are ready-to-use membranes with a wide selection of MWCO ratingsranging from 100 to 100.000 Daltons. Biotech CE membranes are stable at pH 2 – 9 and have a temperaturestability of up to 37° C. CE membranes, however, are not compatible with organic and strong polar solvents.

• Spectra/Por® Polyvinylidene Difluoride (PVDF) Dialysis Membranes.The PVDF Dialysis membranes are hydrophobic, ready-to-use membranes with an excellent chemicalresistance. The membranes are resistant to a wide variety of organic solvents as well as most aqueous acidsand bases, a pH range of 1 to 14 and a temperature stability of up to 130° C.

17 CHOICES OF MOLECULAR WEIGHT CUT OFFS (MWCO):

• The Regenerated Cellulose Membranes have cut offs from 1.000 through 50.000 and the Cellulose Estermembranes have cut offs from 100 through 100.000 and the Polyvinylidene Difluoride membranes areavailable in 250.000 – 500.000 and 1 million Daltons.

IRRADIATED AND NON IRRADIATED:

• Biotech Regenerated Cellulose (RC) membranes and Biotech Cellulose Ester (CE) Membranes are availableirradiated (sterile).

2








Spectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membrane Tubing Regenerated Cellulose (RC) 18 18




Spectra/Por® 3 Ready-to-Use Dialysis Sacks Regenerated Cellulose (RC) 12 12

Spectra/Por® 3 Dialysis Membrane DiscsRegenerated Cellulose (RC) 12 12

Spectra/Por® 3 Dialysis Membrane SheetsRegenerated Cellulose (RC) 12 12

5.000 DaltonsSpectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membrane TubingCellulose Ester (CE) 19 19

Spectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membrane Tubing IrradiatedCellulose Ester (CE) 19 20


Spectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membrane SheetsCellulose Ester (CE) 19 20

6.000 – 8.000 DaltonsSpectra/Por® 1 Ready-to-Use Dialysis SacksRegenerated Cellulose (RC) 10 10

MWCO list Page

Specs Orderinginfo

6





8.000 DaltonsSpectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membrane TubingRegenerated Cellulose (RC) 18 18

Spectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membrane Tubing IrradiatedRegenerated Cellulose (RC) 18 18

Spectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membrane TubingCellulose Ester (CE) 19 19


Spectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membrane DiscsCellulose Ester (CE) 19 20


Spectra/Por® 6 Dialysis Membrane TubingRegenerated Cellulose (RC) 14 15









12.000 – 14.000 DaltonsSpectra/Por® 2 Ready-to-Use Dialysis SacksRegenerated Cellulose (RC) 11 11

MWCO list Page

Specs Orderinginfo

7


Spectra/Por® 4 Ready-to-Use Dialysis SacksRegenerated Cellulose (RC) 13 13








Spectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membrane Tubing IrradiatedRegenerated Cellulose (RC) 18 18











MWCO list Page

Specs Orderinginfo

8















250.000 DaltonsSpectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membrane TubingPolyvinylidene Difluoride (PVDF) 21 21

500.000 DaltonsSpectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membrane TubingPolyvinylidene Difluoride (PVDF) 21 21

1.000.000 DaltonsSpectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membrane TubingPolyvinylidene Difluoride (PVDF) 21 21

MWCO list Page

Specs Orderinginfo

9

Spectra/Por® 1 Dialysis Membrane Tubing, Dialysis Sacks, Discs and Sheets. Regenerated Cellulose (RC)

MWCO (Daltons): 6.000 – 8.000 pH range: 2 – 12Suggested temperature limit: 60° CPhysical properties: transparent, flexiblePackaging: dry (except Dialysis Sacks)Preservative: glycerineTrace elements contents: heavy metals, sulfidesFlat width range (mm) 10 to 120Sample volume range (ml): 1 to 1.000Discs/flat sheets: yesWall thickness tubing: 30 – 50 µm for flat width 10 – 80 mm Wall thickness sheets: 70 µm for flat width 100 mm to 120 mmMembrane storage: dry at room temperature or at 4° C in a polyethylene bagDialysis Sacks storage: in original packing at 4° CShelf life: approximately two years depending on storage conditionsClosure recommendation: Universal Closures, Regular Closures, (Magnetic) Weighted Closures

Spectra/Por® 1 Dialysis Membrane Tubing 6.000 - 8.000 MWCORegenerated Cellulose (RC)

Product Number Flat Width (mm) Diameter (mm) Vol/Length (ml/cm) Length (meter)132 645 10 6,4 0,32 15132 650 23 14,6 1,7 30132 665 32 20,4 3,3 30132 660 40 25,5 5,1 30132 665 50 32,0 8,0 30132 670 100 64,0 32,0 15132 675 120 76,0 46,0 15

Spectra/Por® 1 Dialysis Membrane Dialysis Sacks 6.000 - 8.000 MWCORegenerated Cellulose (RC)

Product Number Flat Width (mm) Volume Length Package132 651 23 1 - 40 ml 60 cm 10132 666 50 50 - 400 ml 60 cm 10

Spectra/Por® 1 Dialysis Membrane Discs 6.000 - 8.000 MWCORegenerated Cellulose (RC)

Product Number Diameter (mm) Package132 478 33 50132 476 47 50132 474 100 50

Spectra/Por® 1 Dialysis Membrane Sheets 6.000 - 8.000 MWCORegenerated Cellulose (RC)

Product Number Dimension (mm) Package132 677 240 x 240 25

10


Spectra/Por® 2 Dialysis membranes have the same MWCO as Spectra/Por® 4 and 5. Spectra/Por® 2 membranes however are much more porous than Spectra/Por® 4 and 5.The wall thickness of Spectra/Por® 2 differs from the wall thickness of Spectra/Por® 4 and 5.

MWCO (Daltons): 12.000 – 14.000 pH range: 2 – 12Suggested temperature limit: 60° CPhysical properties: transparent, flexiblePackaging; dryPreservative: glycerine (except Dialysis Sacks)Trace elements contents: heavy metals, sulfidesFlat width range (mm) 8 to 120Sample volume range (ml): 1 to 1.000Discs/flat sheets: yesWall thickness tubing: 20 – 50 µm for flat width 6 – 45 mm Wall thickness sheets: 135 – 155 µm for flat width 105 mm – 120 mmMembrane storage: dry at room temperature or at 4° C in a polyethylene bagDialysis Sacks storage: in original packing at 4° CShelf life: approximately two years depending on storage conditionsClosure recommendation: Universal Closures, Regular Closures, (Magnetic) Weighted Closures

Spectra/Por® 2 Dialysis Membrane Tubing 12.000 – 14.000 MWCORegenerated Cellulose (RC)

Product Number Flat Width (mm) Diameter (mm) Vol/Length (ml/cm) Length (meter)132 685 6 3,8 0,1 15132 676 10 6,4 0,32 15132 678 25 16,0 2,0 15132 680 45 29,0 6,4 15132 682 105 67,0 34,0 15132 684 120 76,0 46,0 15

Spectra/Por® 2 Dialysis Membrane Dialysis Sacks 12.000 – 14.000 MWCORegenerated Cellulose (RC)

Product Number Flat Width (mm) Volume Length Package132 679 25 1 – 40 ml 60 cm 10132 681 45 50 – 400 ml 60 cm 10

Spectra/Por® 2 Dialysis Membrane Discs 12.000 – 14.000 MWCORegenerated Cellulose (RC)


Spectra/Por® 2 Dialysis Membrane Sheets 12.000 – 14.000 MWCORegenerated Cellulose (RC)


11


MWCO (Daltons): 3.500 pH range: 2 - 12Suggested temperature limit: 60° CPhysical properties: transparent, flexiblePackaging; dryPreservative: glycerine (except Dialysis Sacks)Trace elements contents: heavy metals, sulfidesFlat width range (mm) 18 to 54Sample volume range (ml): 2 to 200Discs/flat sheets: yesWall thickness tubing: 25 - 30 µm for flat width 18 - 54 mmWall thickness sheets: 25 µm for flat width 108 x 108 mmMembrane storage: dry at room temperature or at 4° C in a polyethylene bag Dialysis Sacks storage: in original packing at 4° CShelf life: approximately two years depending on storage conditions Closure recommendation: Universal Closures, Regular Closures, (Magnetic) Weighted Closures

Spectra/Por® 3 Dialysis Membrane Tubing 3.500 MWCORegenerated Cellulose (RC)

Product Number Flat Width (mm) Diameter (mm) Vol/Length (ml/cm) Length (meter)132 720 18 11,5 1,0 15132 724 45 29,0 6,4 15132 725 54 34,0 9,3 15

Spectra/Por® 3 Dialysis Membrane Dialysis Sacks 3.500 MWCO Regenerated Cellulose (RC)


Spectra/Por® 3 Dialysis Membrane Discs 3.500 MWCORegenerated Cellulose (RC)


Spectra/Por® 3 Dialysis Membrane Sheets 3.500 MWCORegenerated Cellulose (RC)


12


Spectra/Por® 4 Dialysis membranes have the same MWCO as Spectra/Por® 2 and 5. Spectra/Por® 4 membranes are less porous than Spectra/Por® 2.The wall thickness of Spectra/Por® 4 differs from the wall thickness of Spectra/Por® 2.

MWCO (Daltons): 12.000 - 14.000 pH range: 2 - 12Suggested temperature limit: 60° CPhysical properties: transparent, flexiblePackaging: dryPreservative: glycerine (except Dialysis Sacks)Trace elements contents: heavy metals, sulfidesFlat width range (mm) 10 to 75Sample volume range (ml): 1 to 300Discs/flat sheets: yesWall thickness tubing: 20 - 50 µm for flat width 10 - 75 mmWall thickness sheets: 40 µm for flat width 150 x 150 mm Membrane storage: dry at room temperature or at 4° C in a polyethylene bagDialysis Sacks storage: in original packing at 4° C Shelf life: approximately two years depending on storages conditions Closure recommendation: Universal Closures, Regular Closures, (Magnetic) Weighted Closures

Spectra/Por® 4 Dialysis Membrane Tubing 12.000 – 14.000 MWCORegenerated Cellulose (RC)

Product Number Flat Width (mm) Diameter (mm) Vol/Length (ml/cm) Length (meter)132 697 10 6,4 0,32 30132 700 25 16,0 2,0 30132 703 32 20,4 3,3 30132 706 45 29,0 6,4 30132 709 75 48,0 18,0 15

Spectra/Por® 4 Dialysis Membrane Dialysis Sacks 12.000 – 14.000 MWCORegenerated Cellulose (RC)


Spectra/Por® 4 Dialysis Membrane Discs 12.000 – 14.000 MWCORegenerated Cellulose (RC)




13

Spectra/Por® 5 Dialysis Membrane Tubing and SheetsRegenerated Cellulose (RC)

Spectra/Por® 6 Dialysis Membrane TubingRegenerated Cellulose (RC)

Spectra/Por® 5 is reinforced with a layer of porous paper to increase its wet strength for use in high shear ortorque environments. Spectra/Por® 5 has a relatively low permeation rate for solutes compared to othermembranes.

MWCO (Daltons): 12.000 – 14.000 pH range: 2 – 12Suggested temperature limit: 60° CPhysical properties: thick, rigidPackaging; dryPreservative: glycerineTrace elements contents: heavy metals, sulfidesFlat width range (mm) 65 to 140Sample volume range (ml): 25 to 1.200Discs/flat sheets: yes, only as sheetWall thickness tubing: 81 µm for flat width 65 – 140 mmWall thickness sheets: 81 µm for flat width 275 x 275 mmMembrane storage: dry at room temperature or at 4° C in a polyethylene bagShelf life: approximately two years depending on storage conditionsClosure recommendation: Universal Closures, Regular Closures, (Magnetic) Weighted Closures

Spectra/Por® 5 Dialysis Membrane Tubing – High Wet Strength – 12.000 – 14.000 MWCO Regenerated Cellulose (RC)

Product Number Flat Width (mm) Diameter (mm) Vol/Length (ml/cm) Length (meter)132 754 75 48,0 13,0 15132 757 140 89,0 62,0 15



MWCO range (Daltons): 1.000 – 2.000 – 3.500 – 8.000 – 10.000 - 15.000 – 25.000 – 50.000

pH range: 2 – 12Suggested temperature limit: 60° CPhysical properties: transparent, flexiblePackaging; wetPreservative: 0,1% sodium azideTrace elements contents: heavy metals, sulfidesFlat width range (mm) 6 to 54Sample volume range (ml): 1 to 150Discs/flat sheets: noWall thickness tubing: 60 – 65 µm for flat width 6 – 54 mmMembrane storage: store wet membranes at 4° C in a preservative solution

of 0,1% sodium azideShelf life: approximately two years depending on storage conditions Closure recommendation: Universal Closures, Regular Closures, (Magnetic) Weighted Closures

14



Product Number Flat Width (mm) Diameter (mm) Vol./Length (ml/cm) Length (meter)MWCO 1.000132 636 18 11,5 1,0 10 132 638 38 24 4,6 10132 640 45 29 6,4 10

MWCO 2.000132 620 18 11,5 1,0 10132 625 38 24 4,6 10132 633 45 29 6,4 10

MWCO 3.500132 590 18 11,5 1,0 10132 592 45 29 6,4 10132 594 54 34 9,3 10

MWCO 8.000128 056 6 3,8 0,1 10132 579 12 7,5 0,45 10128 058 18 11,5 1,0 10132 580 24 15 1,8 10132 582 32 20,4 3,3 10132 584 40 25,5 5,1 10132 586 50 32 8,0 10

MWCO 10.000128 106 6 3,8 0,1 10132 570 12 7,5 0,45 10128 118 18 11,5 1,0 10132 572 24 15 1,8 10132 574 32 20,4 3,3 10132 576 45 29 6,4 10

MWCO 15.000128 156 6 3,8 0,1 10132 560 12 7,5 0,45 10128 158 18 11,5 1,0 10132 562 24 15 1,8 10132 564 32 20,4 3,3 10132 566 45 29 6,4 10

MWCO 25.000128 206 6 3,8 0,1 10132 550 12 7,5 0,45 10128 218 18 11,5 1,0 10128 224 24 15 1,8 10132 552 28 18 2,5 10132 554 34 22 3,7 10

MWCO 50.000132 539 10 6,4 0,32 10132 540 12 7,5 0,45 10132 542 28 18 2,5 10132 544 34 22 3,7 10

15


Spectra/Por® 7 Membranes have a minimum sulphur and heavy metal contamination. The membranes only have to be rinsed in DI water before use to remove the preservative.

MWCO range (Daltons): 1.000 – 2.000 – 3.500 – 8.000 – 10.000 - 15.000 – 25.000 – 50.000pH range: 2 – 12Suggested temperature limit: 60° CPhysical properties: transparent, flexiblePackaging; wetPreservative: 0,1% sodium azideTrace elements contents: minimalFlat width range (mm) 6 to 54Sample volume range (ml): 1 to 150Discs/flat sheets: noWall thickness tubing: 60 – 65 µm for flat width 6 – 54 mmMembrane storage: store wet membranes at 4° C in a preservative solution of

0,1% sodium azideShelf life: approximately two years depending on storage conditionsClosure recommendation: Universal Closures, Regular Closures, (Magnetic) Weighted Closures


Product Number Flat Width (mm) Diameter (mm) Vol/Length (ml/cm) Length (meter)MWCO 1.000132 103 18 11,5 1,0 5132 104 38 24 4,6 5132 105 45 29 6,4 5

MWCO 2.000132 107 18 11,5 1,0 5132 108 38 24 4,6 5132 109 45 29 6,4 5

MWCO 3.500132 110 18 11,5 1,0 5132 111 45 29 6,4 5132 112 54 34 9,3 5

MWCO 8.000128 356 6 3,8 0,1 5132 113 12 7,5 0,45 5128 358 18 11,5 1,0 5132 114 24 15 1,8 5132 115 32 20,4 3,3 5132 116 40 25,5 5,1 5132131 50 32 8,0 5

MWCO 10.000128 406 6 3,8 0,1 5132 117 12 7,5 0,45 5128 418 18 11,5 1,0 5132 118 24 15 1,8 5132 119 32 20,4 3,3 5132 120 45 29 6,4 5

16



Product Number Flat Width (mm) Diameter (mm) Vol./Length (ml/cm) Length (meter)MWCO 15.000128 456 6 3,8 0,1 5132 121 12 7,5 0,45 5128 458 18 11,5 1,0 5132 122 24 15 1,8 5132 123 32 20,4 3,3 5132 124 45 29 6,4 5

MWCO 25.000128 506 6 3,8 0,1 5132 125 12 7,5 0,45 5128 518 18 11,5 1,0 5128 524 24 15 1,8 5132 126 28 18 2,5 5132 127 34 22 3,7 5

MWCO 50.000132 128 12 7,5 0,45 5132 129 28 18 2,5 5132 130 34 22 3,7 5

17Spectrum Easy-to-Use

Dialysis Products

Spectrum has many ready-

to-use dialysis products that

we have created to help

customers save time and

energy in dialyzing small

volumes of samples.

No longer need to prepare

your own dialysis tubing,

no boiling, no clamps and

no knots but easily:

OPENthe dialysis device

RINSEin distilled water

LOAD your sample

There is a choice between

a sterile (irradiated) and a

non-sterile dialysis device for

sample volumes from 300 µl

to 10 ml and a dialysis device

for µl-scale for sample volumes

smaller than 100 µl.

1 Float-A-Lyzer®

Ultra performance Easy-to-Use

Spectra/Por® Float-A-Lyzer®

increases choices for small

sample volumes with MWCO

selection from 100 to 100.000

Daltons.

2 DispoDialyzer®

The Ready-to-Use irradiated

Spectra/Por® DispoDialyzer®

eliminates membrane

preparation for convenience

in all dialysis applications.

3 Micro DispoDialyzer®

This dialysis device is specially

designed for easy and

effective dialysis of samples

with a volume of 10 µl, 50 µl

or 100 µl.

1

2

3

Spectrum

makes

Dialysis

easier...

For Easy-to-Use

products, simply

ask for the Spectrum

Easy-to-Use

brochure.

Spectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis MembranesRegenerated Cellulose (RC)

The Spectra/Por® Biotech Membranes are designed to fill the need for a Regenerated Cellulose (RC) dialysismembrane with a rigidly controlled retention rating. The Biotech RC Membranes offer exceptional freedomfrom impurities such as sulfides and metal contaminants which are commonly found in standard dialysismembranes. Supplied as non-sterile, dry membrane tubing. There are no special precleaning treatmentsrequired for Biotech RC Membranes. Spectra/Por® Non-sterile Biotech RC membranes are supplied as a drymembrane with glycerine as a humectant in rolls of 15 meters.

MWCO range (Daltons): 3.500 – 8.000 – 10.000 – 15.000 – 25.000pH range: 2 – 12Suggested temperature limit: 60° CPhysical properties: opaque, flexiblePackaging: dry with glycerine as a humectantPackaging irradiated membranes: wet in deionized waterTrace elements contents: minimal (ultrapure quality)Flat width range (mm): 4 - 16Tubing diameter (mm): 2,5 – 10,2 Vol./Length-ml/cm: 0,1 – 0,81Sample volume range (ml): 0,5 ml to 30 Discs/flat sheets: noAvailable irradiated (sterile): yesMembrane storage: dry at room temperature or at 4° C in a polyethylene bagIrradiated membrane storage: in original packing at 4° CShelf life: approximately two years depending on storage conditions Closure recommendation: Universal Closures, Regular Closures, (Magnetic) Weighted Closures

Spectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membrane TubingRegenerated Cellulose (RC)

Flat Width 4 mm 8 mm 10 mm 16 mmVol./Length-ml/cm 0,1 0,25 0,32 0,81Diameter (mm) 2,5 5,1 6,4 10,2

MWCO Length (meter)3.500 133 104 133 108 133 110 133 116 158.000 129 010 129 012 129 015 129 020 15

10.000 128 614 128 618 128 610 128 616 1515.000 129 110 132 606 129 115 129 120 1525.000 128 624 128 628 128 620 128 626 15

Spectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membrane Tubing - IrradiatedRegenerated Cellulose (RC)

Flat Width 8 mm 12 mm 19 mm 25 mmVolume 2 ml 5 ml 10 ml 20 mlDiameter (mm) 5,1 7,6 12,1 15,9

MWCO Length (meter)8.000 130 106 130 108 130 110 130 111 15

15.000 130118 130 120 130 122 130 123 15

18

Spectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membranes Tubing, Discs and Sheets. Cellulose Ester (CE)

Spectra/Por® Cellulose Ester (CE) dialysis membranes offer an excellent Molecular Weight Cut Off (MWCO)selection for the separation of ionic species as well as macromolecules. The advanced manufacturing processprovides CE dialysis membranes with an extremely high purity and a biologically inert surface to yield anoptimum sample recovery. The Spectra/Por® Biotech CE membranes are sensitive to organic solvents. Strongpolar solvents such as acetone, MEK or dioxane will irrepairably damage the membrane. This membrane willtolerate exposure to lower alcohols (methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol) without apparent damage, with onlyslight change to the MWCO. The membrane should not be exposed to organic solvents (in water basedsolutions) at concentrations exceeding 5%

The Biotech CE Membranes are hydrophilic and have uniform pore sizes.There is no special chemical precleaning required: just rinse the membrane in DI water before use.

MWCO range (Daltons): 100 – 500 – 1.000 – 2.000 – 3.500 – 5.000 – 8.000 – 10.000 – 15.000 – 25.000 – 50.000 – 100.000

pH range: 2 to 9Suggested temperature limit: 37° CPhysical properties: opaque, rigidPackaging: wet in 0,1% sodium azidePackaging irradiated membranes: wet in deionized waterTrace elements contents: minimal (ultrapure quality)Flat width (mm): 8 – 31 Tubing diameter (mm): 5,1 to 19,7 Vol./Length-ml/cm: 0,2 – 3,1Sample volume range (ml): 0,5 – 30Discs/flat sheets: yesWall thickness tubing (MWCO 100 – 50.000): 75 – 80 µm for flat width 8 – 31 mmWall thickness tubing (MWCO 100.000): 100 – 125 µm for flat width 8 – 31 mmWall thickness sheets: 20 µm for flat width 204 x 254 mmAvailable irradiated (sterile): yesMembrane storage: store wet membranes at 4° C in a preservative solution of

0,1% sodium azideIrradiated membrane storage: in original packing at 4° CShelf life: approximately two years depending on storage conditions Closure recommendation: Universal Closures (only)

Spectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membrane TubingCellulose Ester (CE)

Flat Width 8 mm 10 mm 12 mm 16 mm 24 mm 31 mmVol./Length-ml/cm 0,2 0,32 0,45 0,81 1,8 3,1Diameter (mm) 5,1 6,4 7,6 10,2 15,3 19,7

MWCO Length (meter)100 131 009 131 012 131 015 131 018 131 021 131 024 10500 131 045 131 048 131 051 131 054 131 057 131 060 10

1.000 131 081 131 084 131 087 131 090 131 093 131 096 102.000 131 117 131 120 131 123 131 126 131 129 131 132 103.500 131 153 131 156 131 159 131 162 131 165 131 168 105.000 131 189 131 192 131 195 131 198 131 201 131 204 108.000 131 225 131 228 131 231 131 234 131 237 131 240 10

10.000 131 261 131 264 131 267 131 270 131 273 131 276 1015.000 131 297 131 300 131 303 131 306 131 309 131 312 1025.000 131 333 131 336 131 339 131 342 131 345 131 348 1050.000 131 369 131 372 131 375 131 378 131 381 131 384 10

100.000 131 405 131 408 131 411 131 414 131 417 131 420 10

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Spectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membranes Tubing, Discs and Sheets. Cellulose Ester (CE)

Spectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membrane Tubing - IrradiatedCellulose Ester (CE)

Flat Width 8 mm 10 mm 12 mm 16 mm 24 mmVol./Length-ml/cm 0,2 0,32 0,45 0,81 1,8Diameter (mm) 5,1 6,4 7,6 10,2 15,3

MWCO100 130 400 130 402 130 404 130 406 130 408500 130 420 130 422 130 424 130 426 130 428

1.000 130 440 130 442 130 444 130 446 130 4482.000 130 460 130 462 130 464 130 466 130 4683.500 130 480 130 482 130 484 130 486 130 4885.000 130 500 130 502 130 504 130 506 130 5088.000 130 520 130 522 130 524 130 526 130 528

10.000 130 540 130 542 130 544 130 546 130 54815.000 130 560 130 562 130 564 130 566 130 56825.000 130 580 130 582 130 584 130 586 130 58850.000 130 600 130 602 130 604 130 606 130 608

100.000 130 620 130 622 130 624 130 626 130 628

Spectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membrane Discs and SheetsCellulose Ester (CE)

Discs Discs Discs SheetsDiameter (mm) 33 47 100 203 x 254

MWCO100 133 001 133 016 133 031 133 080500 133 002 133 017 133 032 133 081

1.000 133 003 133 018 133 033 133 0822.000 133 004 133 019 133 034 133 0833.500 133 005 133 020 133 035 133 0845.000 133 006 133 021 133 036 133 0858.000 133 007 133 022 133 037 133 086

10.000 133 008 133 023 133 038 133 08715.000 133 009 133 024 133 039 133 08825.000 133 010 133 025 133 040 133 08950.000 133 011 133 026 133 041 133 090

100.000 133 012 133 027 133 042 133 091

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Spectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membranes Tubing Polyvinylidene Difluoride (PVDF)

PVDF membranes (Polyvinylidene Difluoride), represent a revolutionary advance in separation technology. The membranes, in contrast to typical cellulosic membranes, are hydrophobic and resistant to a wide variety oforganic solvents as well as most aqueous acids and bases. These membranes can be heat sealed and autoclavedwithout affecting the Molecular Weight Cut Off (MWCO) or changing the membrane performance. Package of10 meter length in 0,1% sodium azide preservative.

MWCO range (Daltons): 250.000 – 500.000 – 1.000.000 DaltonspH range: 1 to 14Suggested temperature limit: 130° CPhysical properties: opaque, rigidPackaging: wet in 0,1% sodium azideTrace elements contents: minimal (ultrapure quality)Flat width (mm) 8 – 24 Tubing diameter (mm): 5,1 to 15,3 Vol./Length-ml/cm: 0,2 – 1,8Sample volume range (ml): 0,5 ml to 30 Discs/flat sheets: noAvailable irradiated (sterile): noMembrane storage: store wet membranes at 4° C in a preservative solution of 0,1% sodium azideShelf life: approximately two years depending on storage conditions Closure recommendation: Universal Closures (only)

Spectra/Por® Biotech Dialysis Membrane Tubing Polyvinylidene Difluoride (PVDF)

Flat Width 8 mm 12 mm 16 mm 24 mmVol./Length-ml/cm 0,20 0,45 0,81 1,8Diameter (mm) 5,1 7,6 10,2 15,3

MWCO Length (meter)250.000 138 511 131 907 138 530 138 523 10500.000 138 512 131 908 138 531 138 524 10

1.000.000 138 513 131 909 138 532 138 525 10

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Spectra/Por® Dialysis Accessories

Spectra/Por® OpenersFor easy opening of Spectra/Por® Dialysis Tubing

Solve the problem of opening dry dialysis tubing with Spectra/Por® Openers. They have a strong adhesive thatgrips the dry tubing for easy membrane separation for filling with sample solution. The adhesive strips do notdamage the membrane or do not have any influence on the dialysis process.

Product number Description Quantity132730 Spectra/Por® Openers 100 per package

Cleaning Solutions

Heavy Metals Cleaning Solution• For ultra-critical work, wash the membranes with Spectra/Por® Heavy Metal Cleaning

Solution before use.

In normal use, Spectra/Por® membranes should be washed with distilled water and used without additional cleaning. However traces of heavy metal ions are present in Spectra/Por® 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 and for critical applications it is necessary to remove the heavy metals. In this case the Heavy Metals Solution is a very useful and easy tool.

Product number Description Quantity

132908 Heavy Metals Cleaning Kit 236 ml

Sulfide Removal Solution• If sulfur interferes with your sample, the Sulfide Removal Solution will be your aid.

Spectra/Por® 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 membranes have 0,1% sulphur present from manufacturing process whichrequires removal only if the presence might interfere with the subsequent analysis of the dialysate or retentate.

Product number Description Quantity132906 Sulfide Removal Kit

- Solution A 236 ml- Solution B 236 ml

Closures

NOTE 1For the best result, choose a Closure that is 4 to 10 mm wider than the flat width of the tubing. This will allowthe Closure to seal the tubing securely without tearing.

NOTE 2To use the right Closure for your dialysis tubing, please look at the MWCO tables.

Universal Closures• Closure design ensures a reliable seal for all RC, CE and PVDF Membrane Tubing.

This type of closure can be used to seal all types of Spectra/Por® dialysis membrane tubing.The Universal Closure locks gently over rigid membranes and ensures a strong leak proof seal. Universal (Nylon)Closures sink on their own and allow the membrane tubing to float vertically with a headspace.There are 6 colours for easy sample identification and the large gripping widths eliminate using knots to closethe large diameter tubes.

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SpecificationsSealing width: 50 mm, 70 mm, 110 mm, and 150 mmMaterials: Polyamide 6.6 from Dupont® (Nylon)Maximum operating temperature: 90° CMinimum operating temperature: 0° CSanitation: Ethylene oxide – Gamma irradiation –

Ethanol or FormaldehydeNon-autoclavable

Ordering information:

Colour Product Number for sealing Width (mm) Quantity

50 70 110 150White 142150 142170 142110 142250 10Red 142152 142172 142112 142252 10Yellow 142153 142173 142113 142253 10Blue 142154 142174 - - 10Green 142155 142175 - - 10Black 142156 142176 - - 10

Spectra/Por® Closures• For use with Spectra/Por® 1 through 7 Regenerated

Cellulose Membranes and Biotech Regenerated Cellulose Membrane Tubing. Do not use with CE and PVDF membrane tubing.

Spectra/Por® Closures are lighter than water. They arenormally used with a weighted Closure or a MagneticWeighted Closure. Attach a regular Closure on the top of a dialysis sack and a Weighted Closure or MagneticWeighted Closure on the bottom of the sack toautomatically achieve a vertical floating position. Alternatively, use the glass weights (marbles) which are dropped into the dialysis sack. This maintains a vertical floating position for efficientdialysis.


Colour Product Number for sealing Width (mm) Quantity

5 12 23 35 55 75Orange 132733 132734 132735 132736 132737 132738 10Naturel 142733 142734 142735 142736 142737 142738 10Green 142833 142834 142835 142836 142837 142838 10Blue 142933 142934 142935 142936 142937 142938 10

Product Number Description Quantity

132740 Glass Weights (marbles), diameter 15 mm average 50 per box

23


Spectra/Por® Weighted Closures- To maintain a vertical floating position of RC Membrane Tubing. - Not for use with CE and PVDF membrane tubing.

When a Weighted Closure is used in conjunction with a regularClosure, a vertical position of the dialysis tubing is achieved, increasing the rate of dialysis.Spectra/Por® Weighted Closures are polypropylene and contain anacid-washed, fluorocarbon coated stainless steel bar imbedded on theback side. They are available 10/package or in combination packageswith regular Closures, 20/package.


Product Number Description Sealing Width (mm) Quantity

132741 Weighted Closures 5 10132742 Weighted Closures 12 10132743 Weighted Closures 23 10132744 Weighted Closures 35 10132745 Weighted Closures 55 10132746 Weighted Closures 75 10132748 10 Weighted Closures, 10 Closures 5 20132749 10 Weighted Closures, 10 Closures 12 20132750 10 Weighted Closures, 10 Closures 23 20132751 10 Weighted Closures, 10 Closures 35 20132752 10 Weighted Closures, 10 Closures 55 20132753 10 Weighted Closures, 10 Closures 75 20

Spectra/Por® Magnetic Weighted Closures- Dialysis without a conventional Stir Bar- Not for use with CE or PVDF tubing

The Magnetic Weighted Closure features an imbedded Teflon® coated magnetic weight. The dialysis tubingsubmerses completely into the buffer chamber when used with a regular non-weighted closure.A slow spin movement of the dialysis tubing occurs when used in conjunction with a magnetic stir plate. No additional stir bar is required in order to maintain continuous motion of the dialysis tubing.


Product Number Description Sealing Width (mm) Quantity

132760 Magnetic Weighted Closure 23 2 per box132762 Magnetic Weighted Closure 35 2 per box132764 Magnetic Weighted Closure 55 2 per box132766 Magnetic Weighted Closure 75 2 per box

Spectra/Por® Dialysis Reservoir- Two reservoirs with different volumes provide an optimum environment for dialysis

The 600 ml reservoir is recommended to accommodate Spectra/Por® membrane tubing with a flat width of less than 16 mm and sealing closure width less than 75 mm.The 1.800 ml reservoir is recommended to accommodate any size membrane tubing with a flat width of less than 80 mm and sealing closure width less than 75 mm.


Product Number Description Vol. (ml) Ht (cm) Diameter (cm)

132002 Dialysis Reservoir with Stir Bar 600 12,5 11,5132005 Dialysis Reservoir with Stir Bar 1.800 30 11,5

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CellMax® Implants Membrane for Drug Discovery and Development

Hollow fiber implant technology for in vivo drug profiling greatly reduces the cost and time of xenographic

animal studies while improving the science with the use of human cell lines: Screen compounds with Spectrum

CellMax® hollow fiber in vivo assay. Compounds with poor pharmacokinetics are rejected and compounds with

pro-drug activity are accepted.

For more information, please contact:

Spectrum Europe B.V.

P.O. Box 3262, 4800 DG Breda

the Netherlands

E-mail: [email protected]

www.spectrumeurope.nl

single CellMax®hollow fiberimplant withencapsulated cells

surgically implant

administer testcompound

remove and testfor cell viability

test for furtherdrug potential

reject fordrug potential

assay system

25

Membrane Compatibility Guide

This chemical resistance chart is intended for use as a guide, not as a guarantee of chemical compatibility.Variables in temperature, concentrations, durations of exposure and other factors may affect the use of theproduct. It is recommended to test under your own conditions.

R = RecommendedL = Limited Exposure AcceptableNR = Not recommended

Acetic acid (diluted-5%) L R R

Acetic acid (med conc-25%) NR R R

Acetic acid, glacial NR R R

Acetone NR R L

Acetonitrile NR R R

Ammonium hydroxide (diluted) NR R R

Ammonium hydroxide (med conc.) NR L R

Amyl acetate NR R R

Amyl alcohol L R R

Aniline NR R R

Benzene NR R R

Benzyl alcohol NR R L

Boric acid R R R

Brine R R R

Bromoform NR R R

Butyl acetate NR R R

Butyl alcohol L R R

Butyl cellosolve NR L R

Butylraldehyde NR R R

Carbon tetrachloride NR R R

Chloracetic acid NR R R

Cellosolve NR L R

Chloroform L R R

Cresol NR R NR

Cyclohexane L R R

Cyclohexanone NR R L

Diacetone alcohol NR R R

Dichloromethane L R R

Dimethyl formamide NR L NR

Dimethylsulfoxide NR R L

1,4 Dioxane NR L R

Ethers NR R L

Ethyl alcohol L R R

Ethanol, 15% R R R

Ethanol, 95% L R R

Ethyl acetate NR R R

Ethylene dichloride NR R R

Ethylene glycol L R R

Ethylene oxide NR L R

Formaldehyde, 2% L R R

Formaldehyde, 30% L R R

Formic acid, 25% NR R R

Formic acid, 50% NR R R

Freon® R R R

Gasoline R R R

Glycerine R R R

Glycerol R R R

Hexane R R R

Hydrochloric acid, 5% R R R

Hydrochloric acid, 25% NR NR R

Hydrochloric acid, 37% NR NR L

Hydrofluoric acid, 25% NR L NR

Hydrogen peroxide, 30% R R R

Iodine solutions NR NR NR

Isobutyl alcohol R R R

Isopropyl acetate NR R R

Isopropanol L R R

Isopropyl acetate NR R R

Isopropyl alcohol L R R

Isopropyl ether L R R

Jet Fuel 640A R R R

Kerosene R R R

Lactic acid R R R

Methyl acetate NR R R

Methyl alcohol L R R

Methyl alcohol, 98% L R R

Methyl cellosolve L L R

Methyl chloride NR R L

Methyl formate NR L R

Methylethylketone NR R L

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CE

RC

PV

DF

CE

RC

PV

DF

Membrane Compatibility Guide

Methylisobutylketone NR R L

Methylene chloride L R R

N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone NR R R

Mineral Spirits R R R

Monochlorobenzene L R R

Nitric acid, 5% L R NR

Nitric acid, 25% NR NR NR

Nitric acid, 6N NR NR R

Nitric acid, concentrated NR NR NR

Nitrobenzene NR L R

Nitropropane NR L R

Oils, mineral R R R

Pentane R R R

Perchloric acid, 25% NR L R

Perchloroethylene NR R R

Petroleum based oils R R R

Petroleum ether R R R

Phenol, 0.5% R R R

Phenol, 10% NR R R

Phosphoric acid, 25% NR L R

Potassium hydroxide, 1N L L R

Potassium hydroxide, 25% NR R R

Potassium hydroxide, 50% NR NR R

Propanol R R R

Pyridine NR R L

Silicone oil R R R

Sodium hydroxide, 0.1N L R R

Sodium hydroxide, 5%N NR L R

Sodium hydroxide, 25% NR L R

Sodium hydroxide, 50% NR NR R

Sodium hydroxide, concentrated NR NR R

Sodium hypochlorite R R R

Sulfuric acid, 5% L R R

Sulfuric acid, 25% NR L R

Sulfuric acid, 6N NR L R

Tetrahydrofuran NR R R

Toluene R R R

Trichloroacetic acid, 25% NR NR R

Trichlorbenzene NR NR R

Trichlorethane L R R

Trichlorethylene R R NR

Triethylamine NR R R

Turpentine NR R R

Urea R R R

Urea, 6N NR R R

Water R R R

Xylene NR R R

27

CE

RC

PV

DF

CE

RC

PV

DF

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Dialysis