Diagnosics

by Dr. Zhuoren Lu

First Hospital

Xian Jiaotong University

Section I Introduction

A. Why do we have to learn Diagnostics?To make diagnosis The principles and methods of diagnosis Some basic knowledge: (1) rules and mechanism of some symptoms

and signs(2) technique of taking history and making

physical examination (3) clinical thinking methods and processes

Diagnostics is as a bridge connecting the basic medicine with clinical medicine.

 It is the fundamental subject of all of the clinical medical courses.

Now, is it still necessary to take histories and do physical examination?

To obtain information of the uncomfort from patients themselves (interview or inquisition)

 To decide what kind of tests we should do To check the patient with simple way first

(physical examination) The findings from physical examination are

really believable.

B. What is involved in Diagnostics? 1. Symptoms and inquisition systemic, careful and

skillful inquisition is one of the basic technique

2. Physical examination (Inspection, palpation,

percussion, auscultation and smelling)

the standard technique of physical examination

 how to check and find some positive signs

 why these symptoms and signs can be found

 what significance is of them

3. Lab tests and Instrumental examination

 some basic tests with physical, chemical

and biological methods

electrocardiogram, ultrasonic examination

how to analyze the results combined with

the clinical findings

C. How do we learn the Diagnostics?

1. practice and practice 2. thinking and thinking We should learn how

to think and analyze every clinical findings and how to find their real relationship, causes, and so on.

3. learn to be a doctor The characteristics of a doctor should be very kind, patient, gentle and careful to the patients.

The principle: always do everything you can for the patients!