Upload
adonica
View
30
Download
1
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Move for becoming the frontiers of Medical Biotechnology in Bangladesh. Key Note Speech. Why Medical Biotechnology in Bangladesh. Dhaka, 17 February 2012. BT. IT. IT & BT Two of the most popular words currently talked in our world IT → Information Technology BT → Biotechnology - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Dhaka, 17 February 2012
Move for becoming the frontiers of Medical Biotechnology
in Bangladesh
Why Medical Biotechnology
in Bangladesh
Key Note Speech
IT & BT•Two of the most popular
words currently talked in our world
• IT → Information Technology
•BT → Biotechnology•Development experts
believe that the power & influence of BT will exceed that of IT by manifolds
IT BT
Just in one decade or so !Our life will be significantly influenced by Biotechnology
The trend has been set already
The trend…
What is Biotechnology?
What is Biotechnology?
Body
OrganCell
ChromosomeDNA
ProteinDNA dictates protein synthesis
What is Gene?
Gene is the part of DNA which dictates protein synthesis for specific characteristics
Biotechnology applies technique of Genetic Engineering
Genetic engineering is a technique for genetic modification through removal, addition or replacement of gene for adding, altering or hiding characteristics in living things
Method ofGenetic Engineering
Simple Method
Interchangeable between species
1 2
3
4 5
The way how BT works
Production of Golden rice
By Gene Engineering
Replacement therapy
Insulin
Cloning?
Therapeutic cloning
Human Cloning
BT is cheaperBT is cheaper•In conventional method, drug development requires 10-12 yrs
•Begins with animal trial•Ends on trial on human volunteers
•Trial is not organ or tissue specific→more side effects
•Requires huge initial investment
•Patent rights of bigger companies burden smaller industries
Pharmaceutical Pharmaceutical sectorsectorProfitable Medical
Biotechnology Sector
FDA already approved over 1000 GM drugs•Insulin•Interferon•Anti-cancer drugs•Growth hormone•Blood products
Future of stem cell research
Human stem cell-based trial made it possible to discover
•Anti-tumor drugs•Cardiac drugs•Artificial blood products
Source of stem cells
What we are seeing now?
• Many BT drugs• BT Medical devices• BT Vaccines• BT Diagnostic reagents
Agriculture & Livestock• BT crops, viz., soybean oil• May be BT fish• Designer meat
Biomass forBiogas & Electricity
Breakthrough in vaccine development
• It is possible to know exact genetic nature of antigen (microorganism or disease agent)
• This helps in extraction of purified specific antigen from bacterial/viral protein or alternate source
• No need to use live attenuated or killed virus/bacteria to produce vaccines
GM crops, viz. banana, maize & potato may act as edible vaccines
In only 80 hectors of land, hepatitis B vaccine to immunize all the children in the world would be possible
Elimination of: • costly cold chain &• hazards of vaccine-related infections
Individualized medicine
We will also see –Every body’s gene is differentEvery body does not respond to same drug equally
Benefits:
• Less mistakes in doses• Lower drug costs• Failed drug in one population will
work on another population
We will also see –
Pre- & post-implant genetic diagnosis
Growing popularity of genetic diagnosis & therapy
11 cousins removed stomach[AP; 27 May 2006]
• Carriers of CDH1 gene
• A rare mutation• Carriers have
70% chance of developing gastric cancer
We will also see –
Faster growth of bioinformatics
We will also see –
Remarkable growth of nano-medicine
• India developed Shanvac-B from herbs with 4-years of research
• Shanvac-B is a hepatitis B vaccine
• Previous imports costs: $6 per dose
• Now sells in India: 50 cents• Received WHO certification• UNICEF ordered for whole
world
We will also see –
Revisit to indigenous medicine
Research
• Ample opportunity to conduct BT research
• Commercially available products:– Stem cell lines for drug development, in-
vitro fertilization & cell culture– Recombinant virus or bacteria for testing
drug resistance– Plasmids for producing recombinant DNA
Do you know why the global food price was high than any time before?
Bio-energyfrom
Spinach
Bio-fuels
Medico-legal fact finding
• Determination of heredity
• Criminal tracing
• Safety of human health & nutrition
• Safety about environment
• Loss of natural environment
Debate about Biotechnology
BT debate…
Patent
The BasmatiPatent Debate
Intellectual property rights?
• Ethics• Religion• Personal privacy• Social
discrimination
BT debate…
Embryo cloning!How much to allow?
Abuse?
Why country can not ignore BT?
• BT has enough debates • Yet almost all countries
consider it as one of the most important drivers for economic growth
• BT attracted substantial investment• Mostly in MBT sector• This dominance will continue
Global BT Revenue
BT in India (Target 2010)
Target for employment generation: 1 million
BT in India (current)
BT in India…
• Investment for BT since 1985: .......... US$ 1b• Active BT companies: ....................... ~800• Industries on advanced BT: .............. 50%• BT Industries devoted to:
– Human health applications: ..................... 60%– Agriculture: ................................................ 10%– Industrial, bioinformatics, genomics: ..... 30%
• People better accept bio-pharmaceuticals than BT crops, fisheries or livestock
• It may have following reasons:– Doctors prescribe medicines– In illness, the side effects become secondary– Belief about rigorous regulatory conditions for
drug approval– People can choose from alternate food
Why MBT goes on top of BT?
New reality in industrialized countries
Migration of opportunities of BT
Migration of opportunities of BT...
• Country should build good environment• If not, there will be brain drain• Expansion of quality BT education, research &
students’ intake is need of time
• The benefit will be:– Enough skilled manpower to work in home– Earning of remittances by skilled manpower export
Brain-drain vs. export of human resources
Our Bio-Safety Concerns
Biotech foods, drugs &other products
1. Import
2. Production
3. Export
Concerns• Consumption
• Wide-scale HandlingChronic exposure
• Environmental pollution through natural exposure & unsafe disposal
The To-Dos
1. Examine Health & Nutritional safety
2. Examine Environmental safety
3. Create public awareness
4. Build & Enforce Surveillance & Regulatory measures
5. Explore opportunity of application of biotechnology
Component of Regulatory System
• Permission for BT research• License for import of BT drug or diagnostic
reagent• License for Biotech food• License for Biotech lab• BT related Disease surveillance• Certificate for MBT degree or diploma
Expectations from you
• Understand & feel• Speak & write• Influence policy• Participate
– Production of diagnostic & research kits, vaccines
– Research– Genetic diagnosis & therapy
• Study further• Think to take as career
Thank you
DN
A D
AN
CE