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Developmental Profile 3
Gerald Alpern, PhD
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Purposes of the DP-3 Evaluate a child’s development in five key areas:
- Physical- Adaptive Behavior- Social–Emotional- Cognitive- Communication
Gain valuable parent input about the child’s functioning. Quickly screen children from birth through age 12 years,
11 months. Provide intervention recommendations for each skill
measured by the DP-3.
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A Multidimensional Screening Tool Useful for many purposes, including:
- Screening for developmental problems - Responding to parental or teacher concerns- Determining areas of strength and weakness- Contributing to determination of eligibility for special
education or other services (the five scales meet IDEA guidelines for assessing development delay)
- Helping plan IEPs- Measuring progress over time
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DP-3 Improvements Norm-referenced standard scores based on a
nationally representative sample Updated item content and scale names Extended age range Expanded interpretation guidelines Availability of the Parent/Caregiver Checklist
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The DP-3 Measures Five Domains Physical
- Large- and small-muscle coordination, strength, stamina, flexibility, and sequential motor skills
Adaptive Behavior- Ability to cope independently: eat, dress, work, use
technology, and take care of self and others Social–Emotional
- Interpersonal functioning, social and emotional understanding, and ability to relate to friends, relatives, and adults
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The DP-3 Measures Five Domains (continued)
Cognitive- Intellectual abilities and skills necessary for academic
achievement
Communication- Expressive and receptive communication skills, including
written, spoken, and gestural language
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Administration of the DP-3 can include one, a few, or all five scales.If all five scales are used, the General Development score can be
calculated as an index of overall development.
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Administration is Easy Takes 20–40 minutes For each item, the respondent indicates whether or not the
child has mastered the skill in question by answering “yes” or “no”.
Two parallel formats: the Interview Form and the Parent/Caregiver Checklist- The same content but the wording is changed to fit the respondent.- The Interview Form is a one-on-one clinician administered
interview of the parent/caregiver and is the preferred method of administration.
- The Parent/Caregiver Checklist does not require the clinician to be present and is useful when time or resources are limited.
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Comparing the Two Formats
Sample Interview Items- P16. Does the child stack
(make a tower of) eight objects such as blocks?
- S26. Does the child consider the preferences and interests of friends when planning shared play activities?
- G5. Does the child imitate a physical gesture made by an adult, such as pointing?
Sample Checklist Items- P16. Does your child make a
tower of eight things, such as blocks?
- S26. Does your child consider what friends want to do when planning activities with friends?
- G5. Does your child imitate something an adult does, such as pointing?
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Scoring the DP-3
Hand and computer scoring available Hand scoring is quick.
- Add up the total number of “yes” responses for each scale and convert the raw scores to standard scores using tables in the manual.
Computer scoring provides:- Score calculation and description- Graphical representation of scores- Scale Pattern Analysis and Scale-by-Scale Item Analysis- Individualized intervention activities- Clinician and Parent reports- A sample computer report can be found at:
www.wpspublish.com/pdf/dp3.pdf
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Types of DP-3 Scores
The DP-3 provides many types of scores and interpretation:- Norm-referenced standard scores (recommended
for all DP-3 uses)- Confidence intervals- Descriptive categories- Percentile ranks- Age equivalents- Stanines
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Strong Psychometric Characteristics Standardized on 2,216 children ages birth through
12 years, 11 months Relevant demographic characteristics (gender,
ethnicity, region, and parent education level) closely match the U.S. Census.
Reliability: - Median internal consistency: .89 to .97 - Test–retest reliability: .81 to .92
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Strong Psychometric Characteristics (continued)
Validity highlights:- DP-3 scores correlated at expected levels with:
Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Second Edition (Vineland-II; Sparrow, Cicchetti, & Balla, 2005)
Developmental Assessment of Young Children (DAYC; Voress & Maddox, 1998)
Peabody Developmental Motor Scales, Second Edition (PDMS-2; Folio & Fewell, 2000)
Preschool Language Scale, Fourth Edition (PLS-4; Zimmerman, Steiner, & Pond, 2005)
- The DP-3 differentiates between typically developing children and those with a clinical problem.
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Support for Intervention Results linked to intervention activities Suggestions for parents, teachers, or clinicians to help
children in areas of difficulty Focus on maintaining the child’s self-concept while teaching
new skills Example:
- P16. Encourage continued skill with stacking objects: Once the child has mastered the skill of stacking three objects, it will generally increase to include additional objects. While he or she is playing happily, bring over some blocks and make a tower of at least one or two additional objects, encouraging the child to copy what you are doing. You can turn it into a game wherein you alternate copying one another.
