Development System - Enertec … · The development system is fitted with: ... :: Fig 4_[Compiler] nvmcc test.c compiles the

REFRIGERATION &AIR CONDITIONING DIVISION System manual

MAKING MODERN LIVING POSSIBLE

Development SystemMCX unit controller

RS8FA1022 © Danfoss A/S (DE-BDP), November 2007

_INDEX1] Generaloverview 3 1.1] Functionlibrariesandapplicationsoftware 3 1.2] Compiler 4 1.3] Uploadingtheapplication 4 1.4] Simulator 5 1.5] MCXVirtualMachine 52] Anexampleofhowtocreateanapplicationstep-by-step 5 2.1] Arrangementofthedevelopmentenvironment 5 2.2] Creationoftheapplication 5 2.3] Programcompiling 6 2.4] Programuploading 7 2.5] Programexecution 73] Syntaxoftheprogramminglanguage 7 3.1] Variabledeclaration 7 3.2] Initializationofvariables 7 3.3] Functiondeclaration 8 3.4] Parameterspassing 8 3.5] Parameterssaving 8 3.6] Conditionalcompiling 9 3.7] Controlstructures 9 3.8] Basicdatatypes 104] Functionlibrary 10 4.1] Input/Output 11 4.2] Stringmanipulation 15 4.3] RS485Communication 16 4.4] CANbuscommunication 17 4.5] Timermanagement 17 4.6] Applicationandcontrolleridentification 18 4.7] Systeminformation 19 4.8] Userinterface 195] Howtocreateyourownlibrary 20

RS8FA102� © Danfoss A/S (DE-BDP), November 2007

1] GeneraloverviewThe MCX development systemallows you to realize your ownapplication software for MCXprogrammablecontrollers.

You can find all the developmentsystem items inside theMCXDevPack.zipfiletheyconsistsof:

alibraryofbasicfunctions(MCXLib.libandDisplayLib.lib)acommandlinecompiler(nvmcc.exe)aprogramforuploadingtheapplicationsoftwareintothecontroller(nupload.exe)asimulationsoftware

1.1] Functionlibrariesandapplicationsoftware

TheapplicationsoftwareiswritteninaC-likeprogramminglanguage.Itisdifferentfromthestandardassomefunctionalitythatispotentiallydangerous in an embeddedhardware product (e.g. pointerusage),havebeenremoved.

This document describes thoseparts of the standard C that aresupportedandanydissimilaritiesfromthestandardarehighlighted.

Youcanuseanytexteditortowriteyoursoftware,butitissuggestedtouseeditorslikeEclipsewhichenablessyntaxevidence,on-linehelpandintegrationwiththeMCXcompileranduploadertools.

Thedevelopmentsystemisfittedwith:

aneasydemoprogramtobeusedasthedemoplatformformakingyourownapplicationsomelibrariesofbasicfunctions,describedatparagraph2Functionlibrary.Thesefunctions,usedbythedeveloperinsidehissoftware,allowtoeasilyinterfacewithallthecontrollerhardwaredevices,suchasdigitalandanaloginputsandoutputs,serialcommunicationports,CANbuscommunicationport,LED,buzzer,display,keyboardetc.

Standard application softwarefor managing the main HVACRapplications are already developedand available on demand. Theycanbeusedwithoutanychangeorcustomizedaccordingtoownneeds.Furtherinformationavailablewiththeapplicationsoftware.

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MCXLib

BIOSCANopen

CANbus

Modbus

RS485

Flash

EEPROM

Display

Keyboard

uploading(nupload .exe uploader )

compiling(nvmcc.exe compiler )

Application software

Object code

MCX programmable control

Virtual Machine

Object code

Fig1_[Generaloverview]

Fig2_[Functionslibrariesandapplicationsoftware]

Fig3_[Functionslibrariesandapplicationsoftware]


1.2] CompilerBasedupontheapplicationwritteninC,thecompilercreatesafile(objectcode)whichcanbeexecutedbytheprogrammablecontroller.

Thecompilerconsistsofthenvmcc.exeprogramthatrequiresthecompletenameofthefiletobecompiledasaparameter.ItcanbeexecutedfromtheWindows®commandprompt.

Beingacommandlinetool,itcanbeusedinsidebatchfilestoautomatecompiling.

Thecommandlineoptionsarecompatiblewithgcc(oneamongthemostusedCcompilers)andthusitcaneasilyfitinsidethirdpartysoftware(e.g.editorslikeEclipse,maketools,etc.)

Thecompletecommandsyntaxis:

nvmcc<file_name.c>

The result is saved in a file having the samenameofthesourcefilebutwiththeadditionof.oextension.

Possibleerrorsaredetected,signalingthenameofthesourcefilewheretheyaregenerated,thelinenumberanddescription.

Example

EXEX

compilingNVMCC test .c

errors ?

NO

YES

test .c

test .c.o errors signal<file_name >:<raw _number >:<description >

Fig4_[Compiler]

nvmcctest.c

compilesthetest.cfilesandproducesthetest.c.ofilethatcanbeexecutedbytheprogrammablecontroller.

1.3]UploadingtheapplicationYoucanuploadtheapplicationtotheprogrammablecontrollerbyconnectingyourPCtotheRS485serialinterfaceofthedevicethroughaUSB-RS485(orRS232-RS485)converter.

ToinstalltherecommendedUSB-RS485converterseetheInstallationGuideofthisproduct.

Followingsuccessful installationof the interface, theNUPLOADcommand includingspecificationofCOMportandobjectfilename(*.o)canbeexecuted.

ThecommandcanbeexecutedfromtheWindows®commandprompt,afterconnectingandpoweringonthecontroller.

Thecompletecommandsyntaxis:

nupload–comN[-console]<file_name.o>

Theoptional“console”parameterconfiguresthenuploadprogramtoshowthecharacterscomingfromtheseriallineandtosendwhatiswrittentotheserialline(asHyperTerminal®does).

Example

EXEXIftheRS485converterisconnected

totheCOM2ofyourPC,thecommandtouploadthetest.c.oprogramisthefollowing:

nupload–com2test.c.o

OnMCX08orhighermodels,loadingtheapplicationisanabsolutelysafeprocedure,becausethealreadyexistingapplicationsoftwareisnotoverwrittenuntilreceivingthenewonewithsuccess.

Note


1.4] SimulatorAsoftwaresimulatorisavailableinorderto:

simulatetheapplicationonaPCwithouttheneedofaphysicaldevicemakeafastdebug,integrateexternaldebugtoolsforamoreaccuratesimulation,keeptrackofeachchangetotheinputandoutputstatustoenablethechancetorepeatautomaticallythetestprocess.

TostartthesimulatoryouhavetorunthecommandNSimulatorfollowedbythebinaryfileoftheapplicationyouwanttosimulate.

ThecommandcanbeexecutedfromtheWindows®commandpromptandyoudoNOTneedtoconnectandpowerupthephysicaldevice.

Thecompletecommandsyntaxis:NSimulator–load<file_name.o>-session1

1.5] MCXVirtualMachineOnceuploadedintothedevice,theprogramisexecutedbyasoftwarevirtualmachinewhichabstractstheapplicationsoftwarefromphysicalhardware.

Thishasthefollowingadvantages:

ThecompilerproducesanuniqueobjectcodethatcanrunoneveryMCXprogrammablecontroller(currentandfutureonesaswell);theapplicationcanrecognizethemodelwhichitrunningonandadaptitselfaccordingtotheavailablehardwareresources.Easysoftwaremanagementandmaintenance.Thedevelopedapplicationsoftwaredoesn’tdependonthemicroprocessorused;itcouldbechangedinthefuture,keepingintouchwiththetechnologyevolution,withouttheneedtochangetheapplicationsoftware.Thevirtualmachinewilltakecareoftheadaptationissues.

ThevirtualmachineisthusanintermediarybetweentheapplicationsoftwareandtheBIOS,thatisthepartofsoftwaretightlyboundtothehardwareandthattakescareofthelowlevelmanagementofthemicroprocessorresources.

2] Anexampleofhowtocreateanapplicationstep-by-stepThefollowingexampleshowshowtocreateanapplicationthatvisualizesthecontrollerdatathroughtheserialline,thattogglesrelay1every1secondandwritesaparametervalueonthedisplay.

Itconsistsofthefollowingsteps:

ArrangementofthedevelopmentenvironmentCreationoftheapplicationProgramcompilingProgramuploadingProgramexecution

2.1] ArrangementofthedevelopmentenvironmentAdescriptionof thedevelopmentenvironmentfilescanbe found in the ‘Readme.html’file.To install thedevelopmentenvironment,runthe‘Setup.exe’fileandfollowtheon-screeninstructions.

2.2] CreationoftheapplicationCreateintheworkingfolderthedemo.cfilewhichrealizesthefollowingsmallsampleapplication.

//---------------------------//MCXDemo//---------------------------

#include“demolib.c”

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Fig5_[Simulator]


//thisstructurecontainsallparametersofthisapplicationstructTParams:publicTStdParams{//TODO:DeclarehereparameterstobestoredintoEEPROM

longSetpoint=250; //25.0};

//declareEEpromparameterspersistentTParamsParams;

//thisistheinitializationprocedure,andwillbecalledonce,atstartupvoidApp_Init(){

//TODO:Addhereinitializationcode//(itwillbeexecutedonlyonceafterpower-on)IO.SetAIType(1,ioTypeNTC);//configureAnalogInput1asNTC};

//thisisthecontrolloopprocedure,andwillbecalledcontinuouslyvoidApp_Run(){//TODO:AddhereyouralgorithmIO.SetDO(1,1);//setdigitaloutput1Sleep(1000);//wait1000ms(1second)IO.SetDO(1,0);//resetdigitaloutput1Sleep(1000);//wait1000ms(1second)

dsp.ClearDisplay();//cleardisplaydsp.DrawTextCR(1,2,”thisisatest”);//drawalabelatcolumn1,row2dsp.DrawValueCR(1,4,”Setpoint:“,Params.Setpoint,5,1);//drawalabelandavalueatcolumn1,row4,with5digitsand1decimal

};

Youcanmodifyandadaptittoyourneeds.

The App_Init() function is called only at power up. Here you can insert the initialization code of youralgorithm.

TheApp_Run()functioniscontinuouslycalled.Hereyoucaninsertthealgorithmcode.

2.3] ProgramcompilingRunthecommandpromptandgointotheexamplefolder.Beforecompiling,savethefileontheharddiskandtype:

nvmccdemo.c

TheresultwillbelikethisFig6:

Fig6_[Programcompiling]Note

Inthiswayyouhavegeneratedthedemo.c.ofile,consistingofthebinarycodetouploadintothecontroller.


2.4] ProgramuploadingAtthecommandprompt,type:

nupload–com2–consoledemo.c.o

com2:istheserialportwheretheUSB-485converterisconnectedtoconsole:configuresthenuploadprogramtoactasaterminalemulator

Attheendoftheuploadingprocess,thenewapplicationisrun.

HereishowthescreenshouldlooklikeaftertypingthecommandFig7:

2.5] ProgramexecutionProgramexecutionisautomaticafterloading.

Thesampleprogramshowssomeinformationonthecontroller(seeparagraph4.6Applicationandcontrolleridentification),togglesrelay1every1secondandshowsthesetpointvalueonthedisplay.

3] SyntaxoftheprogramminglanguageThesyntaxoftheMCXprogramminglanguageisderivedfromthestandardClanguage.

3.1] VariabledeclarationTodeclareavariableyouhavetodeclareitstypefollowedbyitsname.

Arrayscanbedeclaredusingsquarebracketsafterthevariablenamecontainingthemaximumnumberofelements.Thereisnolimittothemaximumnumberofelements.

Thearrayindexrangesfrom0tothemaximumnumberofitems-1.

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Fig7_[Programuploading]

Example

EXEXlongMyVar;

shortMyArray[100];

longMyNewVar=5;

3.2] InitializationofvariablesVariablesarealwaysinitialized(exceptthoseofpersistenttype–see3.5Parameterssaving).Theyareinitializedwith0ifnovalueisspecified.

Onlyconstantsvaluesareallowedintheinitializingphase.Youcannotusecomplexexpressions.Onlythemainalgebraicfunctionsareallowed(addition,subtraction,multiplication,division)


3.3] FunctiondeclarationTodeclare the variable type returnedby the function, followedby thenameof the function itself andbyparametersbetweenroundbrackets.Thenfollowthefunctionbodyenclosedbetweencurlybraces.

Functionprototypesand.hfilesarenotnecessary;thecompilercanautomaticallyrecognizefunctionseveniftheyaredeclaredafterbeingused.

Example

EXEXlongMyFunction(shortParam1,charParam2){

returnParam1*Param2;

};

AvariablenamedRetValisautomaticallydefinedineveryfunction.Thisvariablestoresthereturnvalueanditcanbeassignedandreusedinsidethefunction.

Thereturninstructioncanbeomitted;attheendofthefunctionthevaluestoredintheRetValvariableisautomaticallyreturned.

3.4] ParameterspassingParameterscanbepassedbyvalueorbyreference(usingthe&characterafterthetypeandbeforethenameoftheparameter).

forparameterspassedbyreference,changesmadetotheirvalueinsidethefunctionaremaintainedoutsidethefunction(asinstandardC).

Example

EXEXvoidTest(long&a){a++;};

longk=5;Test(k);//kwillbe6

3.5] ParameterssavingItispossibletodefinevariablesthatmaintaintheirvalueevenafterpoweringoffthecontroller.Youcanusethepersistentkeywordtodeclare that thevariablevalue isstored innon-volatilememory(EEPROM).Thestorageprocessismanagedautomaticallyandyoucanusethevariableasanormalvariableinsidethecode.Notethatthereadandwritetimecanchangeaccordingtothehardwareusedandthattheaccesstimecanbelongerthananormalvariable.

TheInitParamsmethodoftheTStdParamsclassinitializeparametersusingtheirdefaultvalues:

Example

EXEXstructTParams:publicTStdParams{

wordNodeID=1;//defaultvalueis1byteRemote485;};

persistentTParamsParams;...//itloadsdefaultparameters,ifnecessaryif(Params.InitParams()<0){//defaultparametersarerestored//addherefurtherinitializations};

...//parametersusageCom1.NodeID=Params.NodeID;

Note

EverytimeyoumodifytheTParamsstructure(foraddingordeletinganewvariabledeclaration),thedefaultvaluesarere-loaded.


3.6] ConditionalcompilingThefollowingdirectivesforconditionalcompilingaresupported,asinstandardC:

#define#undef#ifdef#else#endif#include

Thedefinedirectivewithparametersisnotsupported.

3.7] ControlstructuresThefollowingcontrolsstructuresoftheprogramflowaresupported,asinstandardC:

if,elsewhilefor

Thefollowingconstructs/commands/declarationsarenotsupported.

switch,caseenumdo/while?operatorpointers(ofanytype)Parameterscanbepassedtofunctionsbyreference(see3.4Parameterspassing).

declarationofvoidparameters

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Example

EXEX//NOTsupported:

voidtest(void){

...

}

//supported:

voidtest(){

...

}


3.8] BasicdatatypesThesupportedbasicdatatypesarethefollowing:

voidsignedcharunsignedchar(byte)signedshortunsignedshort(word)signedintunsignedint(word)signedlong

Moreoverthefollowingtypesaresupported:

StringObject

Stringsofcharacters,normallydeclaredasarraysofcharacters instandardC,mustbedeclaredbeingofStringtype.AllthesetypessupportnormaloperationsallowedinstandardC,asaddition,division,modulo,multiplication,AND,OR,exclusiveORandbitshift:

OPERATOR OPERATION

+ Addition

- Subtraction

* Multiplication

/ Division

% Modulo

=Assignation(N.B.unlikestandardC,itdoesn’treturnanyvalue)

! BitwiseAND

& BitwiseOR

| BitwiseExclusiveOR

^ LogicalNOT

&& LogicalAND

|| LogicalOR

<< Leftshift

< Lessthan

> Greaterthan

<= Lessthanorequalto

>= Greaterthanorequalto

== Equalto

!= Notequalto

++ Pre/postincrement

-- Pre/postdecrement

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ForallthefunctionssupportedbytheStringtyperefertothelibrarydocumentation-4.2]Stringmanipulation.

Note

Tab1_[Basicdatatypes]

4] FunctionlibraryHere’salistofthemainfunctionsavailableinthestandardlibrariesMCXLibandDisplayLibprovidedwiththedevelopmentsystem.Thesearethefunctionsyouneedtoknowtowriteyourownapplicationsoftware.Their detailed description is inside the “Index.html” file, provided with the develoment system in“bin\NVMTools\doc”.

It’simportanttorememberthatnotallthefunctionsaresupportedbyallthedevicesand,iftheyare,theycanhavesomelimitationaccordingtothehardwarefeaturesofthedevice.Forexamplethenumberofanaloginputsorthecapabilitytochangetheirtype(NTC,4-20mA,…)throughsoftwaredependsonthedevicecharacteristics.

Theavailablefunctionsandfieldsaredescribedbytheirname,whichiscasesensitive.

Functionsthatdonotspecifyareturnparameter(indicatedbeforethefunctionnameasinstandardC)donotreturnanyvalue.


Parameterswithoutanyspecifieddata typeandstartingwith the i lowercase letterareof long type (e.g.iIndex).

Limitsforthedatatypesareasfollow:

TYPE MINIMUM MAXIMUM

char -127 +127

short -32767 +32767

long -2147483647 +2147483647

byte 0 254

word 0 65534

Tab2_[Functionlibrary]

Note

Iftheparameterhasmorerestrictivelimitsitwillbeexplicitlyindicatedinthefunctiondescription.

4.1] Input/OutputTheIOobjectallowsyoutohaveaccesstoallthefunctionsrelatedtotheinputandoutputoftheprogrammablecontroller.Theyallowtosettheinputandoutputtype,toreadaninputandwriteanoutput.

IO.Init()InitializestheIOobject.

longIO.GetAI(iIndex)ReadsthevalueoftheiIndexanaloginput(from1tothenumberofanaloginputsofthecontroller),eventuallyconvertedinto°C,ifitisaNTCorPT1000input,orin0-1000percentageifitisa0-1V,0-10V,0-5V,4-20mA,0-20mAinput.

Belowtableliststhevaluesreturnedbytheinputmanagementfunctionsaccordingtotheinputtypes.

BeforeusinganinputitisnecessarytosetitstypewiththeIO.SetAIType()function.

ANALOGUEINPUTTYPEUSEDWITHIO.SETAITYPE()

VALUERETURNEDBYIO.GETAI() EXAMPLE

ioTypeNTC 1/10°C Ifthereadtemperatureis12.5°C,thereturnedvalueis125

ioTypePT1000 1/10°C Ifthereadtemperatureis12.5°C,thereturnedvalueis125

ioType0_20mA ‰ Ifthereadcurrentis5mA,thereturnedvalueis250(25.0%)

ioType4_20mA ‰ Ifthereadcurrentis5mA,thereturnedvalueis63(6.3%)

ioType0_1V ‰ Ifthereadvoltageis0.5V,thereturnedvalueis500(50.0%)



ioTypeDIGIN 0,1Ifthecontactisclosed,thereturnedvalueis0.Otherwiseitreturnsavaluedifferentfrom0(N.B.itcouldbedifferentfrom1)

longIO.GetFilteredAI()SimilartoIO.GetAI(),butreturnvalueisfilteredaccordingtoIO.AIFiltersettings.TochangethefilteractionuseIO.SetAIFilter(longiFilter):iFiltercanbe1=nofilter(fastresponse),16=default,50=veryslow.

Tab3_[InputOutput]

Example

EXEXIO.SetFilter(16); //setdefaultfilter

val=IO.GetFilteredAI(1)//getvaluefromanaloginput1

//Youcancheckprobeserrorusingyourprobevaluelimits.

if(val<-300||val>800)

//error:ntcprobevaluelowerthan-30.0°orhigherthan+80.0°


longIO.GetRawAI(iIndex)

Reads thenonconvertedvalueof the iIndexanalog input (from1 to thenumberofanalog inputsof thecontroller).IftheinputisconfiguredtobeNTCorPT1000,thereturnedvalueistheresistance(Ohm)readattheinput.

ANALOGUEINPUTTYPEUSEDWITHIO.SETAITYPE()

VALUERETURNEDBYIO.GETRAWAI() EXAMPLE

ioTypeNTC Ω Ifthereadresistanceis10kΩ,thereturnedvalueis10000

ioTypePT1000 Ω Ifthereadresistanceis10kΩ,thereturnedvalueis10000

ioType0_20mA μA Ifthereadcurrentis5mA,thereturnedvalueis5000

ioType4_20mA μA Ifthereadcurrentis5mA,thereturnedvalueis5000

ioType0_1V mV Ifthereadvoltageis0.5V,thereturnedvalueis500



ioTypeDIGIN 0,1Ifthecontactisclosed,thereturnedvalueis0.Otherwiseitreturnsavaluedifferentfrom0(N.B.itcouldbedifferentfrom1)

longIO.GetDI(iIndex)ReadsthevalueoftheiIndexdigitalinput(from1tothenumberofdigitalinputsofthecontroller).Returns0or1.

longIO.GetDO(iIndex)ReadsthevalueoftheiIndexdigitaloutput(from1tothenumberofdigitaloutputsofthecontroller).Returns0or1.

longIO.SetDO(iIndex,iValue)SetsthevalueoftheiIndexdigitaloutput(from1tothenumberofdigitaloutputsofthecontroller).Theoutputisde-energizedIfiValueis0,theoutputisde-energized.Otherwisetheoutputisenergized.

longIO.SetAIType(iIndex,ioType,iParam)SetsthevalueoftheiIndexanaloginput(from1tothenumberofanaloginputsofthecontroller).iParamisnotused.

SupportedtypesarelistedintheIO.GetAI()types.

longIO.SetAO(iIndex,iValue)SetsthevalueoftheiIndexanalogoutput(from1tothenumberofanalogoutputsofthecontroller).

Thevaluedependsontheoutputtype(setwithIO.SetAOType),anditisusuallyaproportionalvaluerangingfrom0to1000,correspondingtothe0.0%to100.0%outputvalues.

longIO.SetAOType(iIndex,ioType,iParam,iAdv)SetsthevalueoftheiIndexanalogoutput(from1tothenumberofanalogoutputsofthecontroller).

SupportedtypesarethesameasthoseusedbyIO.SetAITypeandthefollowing:

ioTypePPMioTypePWMioTypeFREQ

iParam,iValue(valuesettotheoutputwithIO.SetAO)andiAdvvalueshavethefollowingmeaning.

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Tab4_[longIO.GetRawAI]


PPM

iParam iValue iAdv

It’stheONtimeoftheoutputaftertheimpulse.

From0to1000(0.0-100.0%).

Itshouldbesettoavaluegreaterthanthephasegapbetweenvoltageandcurrent.

Impulseanticipationfromzero-crossing.From0to1000(0.0-100.0%).

-iValue=0oriValue<iParamtheoutputstaysat0.

-iValue=500theoutputissetto1inthemiddleofthehalfwave.

-iValue=1000theoutputissetto1atthebeginningofthehalfway.Ineverycasetheoutputissetto0afterthemaximumtimesettledwithiParam.

Notused

PWMsynchronous

iParam iValue iAdv

iParam=0togetaPWMoutputsynchronouswiththefrequencyofthelinevoltage.

DutyCycle,thatisthepercentagebetweenthetimewithoutputat1andtheperiod.From0to1000(0.0-100.0%).

-iValue=0theoutputstaysalwaysat0.

-iValue=500theoutputstaysat0forhalfoftheperiodandat1fortheotherhalf.

iValue=1000theoutputstaysalwaysat1.

From0to1000(0.0-100.0%).

TheONPWMimpulseisinterruptedbeforezerocrossingaccordingtotheiAdvvalue.

Ittakescareofthephaseanticipationofcurrentagainstvoltagethattypicallyhappensonfans.

iValue (e.g. 70%)0

1

PWM

time

iParam

iValue (e.g. 70%)

0

1

Vac

iAdv

PWMsyncronous

zero crossing

time

NOTE.Minimum iValue = iAdvEffective duty cycle = iValue – iAdv iParam = 0

iValue (e.g. 70%)

iParam0

1

VacPPM

zero crossing

time

iValue (e.g. 70%)0

1

PWM

time

iParam

iValue (e.g. 70%)

0

1

Vac

iAdv

PWMsyncronous

zero crossing

time


iValue (e.g. 70%)

iParam0

1

VacPPM

zero crossing

time

Fig8_[Analogoutput]PPM

Tab5_[PPM]

Tab6_[PWMsynchronous]

Fig9_[AnalogoutputPWMsynchronous]


PWM

iParam iValue iAdv

Itistheperiodtotallength,inHertz(iParam=2000isequaltoaperiodof500microseconds).

NOTE.Theavailablerangedependsonthehardwareused.

DutyCycle,thatisthepercentagebetweenthetimewithoutputat1andtheperiod.From0to1000(0.0-100.0%).

-iValue=0theoutputstaysalwaysat0.

-iValue=500theoutputstaysat0forhalfoftheperiodandat1fortheotherhalf.

iValue=1000theoutputstaysalwaysat1.

Notused

FREQ

iParam iValue iAdv

Notused OutputfrequencyinHertz(0tode-activate).

NOTE.Theavailablerangedependsontheusedhardwareasfollows:

-MCX06:100÷500Hz

-MCX08,MCX15,MCX20:20÷1000Hz

Notused

iValue (e.g. 70%)0

1

PWM

time

iParam

iValue (e.g. 70%)

0

1

Vac

iAdv

PWMsyncronous

zero crossing

time


iValue (e.g. 70%)

iParam0

1

VacPPM

zero crossing

time

Tab7_[PWM]

Fig10_[AnalogoutputPWM]

Tab8_[FREQ]


4.2] StringmanipulationlongisEmpty()Returns0ifthestringisnotempty;differentfrom0otherwise.

operator[iIndex]

ReturnsthecharacteratiIndexposition(theindexstartsfrom0).

Example

EXEXStrings=“test”;

if(s[0]==“t”) //true

DoSomething;

operator=Assignsanewvaluetothestring.UnlikeinstandardC,thenewvalueiscopiedintotheoriginalstring,loosingthepreviouscontent.

AddFormatNum(iNum,iPad)

Appends the iNum number, converted into text, to the string. The number is right aligned on iPadcharacters.

longToInt()Convertsthestringtoanumber.

Example

EXEXx=“125”;

n=x.ToInt();

n==125

longAddSubStr(String&cSource,iStart,iLen)AddstothestringtheportionofcSource,startingfromiStartandiLencharacterslong.

operator+=(String&cSource)AddsthecSourcestringtothestring.

Example

EXEXx=“adding”;

x+=“test”;

x==“addingtest”


4.3] RS485CommunicationThe Com1 object allows you to access the RS485 serial port functions for setting the speed and othercommunicationparameters,forreadingandwritingcharactersandtextlines.

Com1.Init(iSpeed,iFlags)InitializesthecommunicationtotheiSpeedspeed(inbaud,e.g.9600,19200,…).

iFlagsissettocomSerFlag_8N1,anditsetsthecommunicationto8bitdata,noparity,1stopbit.

longCom1.CheckAndClearEvent(iEvent)Verifiesifacertaineventhasbeenactivatedontheserialline.

PossibleeventsintheiEventparameterare:

comEvRxChar:acharacterhasbeenreceivedcomEvRxLine:atextlineendedwithCR(+LF)hasbeenreceivedcomEvError:communicationerrorshavebeendetected

Com1.WriteStr(String&line)Sendsastringofcharactersovertheserialline.

Com1.WriteB(object&buff,longiSize)Sendsasequenceofbytesovertheserialline.

Com1.ReadLN(String&line)Readsarawofcharactersfromtheseriallineandsavesitinline,erasingitfromthereceivebuffer.

Com1.ClearBuffer()Clearsthereceiveandtransmitbuffers.

charCom1.RxQueue[iIndex]ReturnsthecharacterintheiIndexpositionofthereceivebuffer.Thefirstcharacterisat0position.

longCom1.RxQueue.LenReturnsthenumberofbytesofthereceivebuffer.

longCom1.RxQueue.MaxLenReturnsthemaximumcapacityoftheserialreceivebuffer.

longCom1.TxQueue.LenReturnsthenumberofbytesofthetransmitbufferwaitingtobesent.

longCom1.TxQueue.MaxLenReturnsthemaximumcapacityoftheserialtransmitbuffer.

longCom1.SetSuspend(iSuspend)Suspends(iSuspend=1)orre-establishes(iSuspend=0)sendingcharactersovertheserialline.

Modbuscommunication

shortCom1.IdentIdentificationnumberoftheModbusunit.

Messagesareacceptedonlyiftheyarrivewiththeiridentequaltothisorto0.

Thedefaultvalueis1;validvaluesrangesfrom0to127.

longCom1.TimeoutTimeoutinmillisecondsfromthereceptionofthelastcharacter.Whenthetimeoutiselapsed,thebufferisclearedandanewModbuspacketisexpected.

Thedefaultvalueis100ms.

Com1.Run()ManagestheModbusinputrequests.

Requestsforeachvariablearecomparedwithvariablesdeclaredinmodbusdecland,iftheycorrespond,ananswerisprovided.

modbusdecl(ModbusTable,RWflag,iModbusAddress,&iVariable)DeclaresanassociationbetweentheiVariablevariableandtheiModbusAddressaddress.

RWflagindicatesifthevariableisaread-onlyvariable(modbusR)oraread-and-writevariable(modbusRW).

AssociationsareheldintheModbusTabletable.

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4.4] CANbuscommunicationTheCanobjectallowsyoutoaccessthecommunicationfunctionsoverCANbusforsendingmessagesandreceivingvariablesfromotherdevices.

exportvar(ExportTable,RWflag,iIndex,iSubIndex,&iVariable)DeclaresanassociationbetweentheiVariablevariableandtheiIndexandiSubIndexCANbusaddress.

RWflagindicatesifthevariableisaread-onlyvariable(co_canR)oraread-and-writevariable(co_canRW).

Can.NodeIDIdentificationnumberoftheCANbusunit(node).Validvaluesrangesfrom1to127.

Aftersettingthenode,youhavetore-initializecommunicationthroughthefollowingcommand:

Can.Init(Can.CurrSpeed(),0);

Can.SendMessage(shortiTarget,wordiIndex,byteiSubIndex,longiValue)SendstheiValuevaluetothevariablehavingiIndexindexandiSubIndexsub-indexoftheiTargetnode.

Can.RequestVar(shortiTarget,wordiIndex,byteiSubIndex,long&Dest)RequeststheiTargetnodeforthevalueofthevariablehavingiIndexindexandiSubIndexsub-index.ThevalueisstoredintotheDestvariablewhichmustbeglobal(itcan’tbeavariabledeclaredinsideafunction).

4.5] TimermanagementTTimertimer;Declaresatimer.

.Start()Startsatimer.

.Elapsedms()Returnsthenumberofmillisecondselapsedsincethetimerhasbeenstarted(withStart).Theresultrangesfrom0to20days.

.ElapsedSec()Returnsthenumberofsecondselapsedsincethetimerhasbeenstarted(withStart).Theresultrangesfrom0to60years.

Sleep(iMillisec)WaitsforiMillisecmillisecondsbeforestartingagaintheapplication.Inthisexampleatimer(toggle_timer)isusedtotoggleevery500msthefirstrelay.

Example

EXEXTTimertoggle_timer;

//...

//starttimer

toggle_timer.Start();

//...

//checkelapsedtime

if(toggle_timer.Elapsedms()>500){

//timeiselapsed

toggle_timer.Start(); //restarttimer

IO.SetDO(1,!IO.GetDO(1)); //togglerelay1

};

…

Note

Atimertoworkdoesn’tneedarealtimeclock(RTC)ontheMCXcontroller.

Example

EXEX//exportvariableontheCANnetworklongMyVar;...exportvar(ExportTable,co_canRW,0x2000,0x00,MyVar);...

//readvariablefromanotherdevicelongReceiveBuffer;//requestvariablewithindex0x2000,andsubindex0x00,fromdevicewithid1.ThenplacetheanswerintovariableReceiveBuffer.Can.RequestVar(1,0x2000,0x00,ReceiveBuffer);


4.6] ApplicationandcontrolleridentificationEachMCXcontroller isprovidedwith informationabout itself thatcanbereadby theapplication throughappropriatefunctions.

TSysDeviceInfodevinfo;Declaresavariablecontainingthefollowinginformation:

TYPE FIELDNAME DESCRIPTION USAGE

long ProductCode ProductCodeItcanbeusedtoautomaticallyconfiguretheapplicationaccordingtothehardwarewhereit’srunningon.

long SerialNumber SerialNumberofthedevice

Itisunivocallyassignedatproductiontimeforeachproductcode.

Theserialnumbertogetherwiththeproductcodeunivocallyidentifythecontroller.

long BiosDate BIOSDate(seconds)

ItisnormallyusedtoverifythattheBIOSisupdatedwhentheapplicationisstartedup.

word VendorID VendorID ItisunivocallyassignedbyfactoryonrequestanditiscontainedintheVendorID.datfile.

word AppID ApplicationCode

Itisdefinedinthesourcecodethroughthedefinestatement:

#definenvmcc_ApplicationID<AppID>.

ThevendorIDtogetherwiththeapplicationcodeunivocallyidentifytheapplication.Itcanbeusefulwhenyouhavetolookforthatapplicationinsideanetworkofconnectedcontrollers.

long AppDate ApplicationDate(seconds)

Dateofcompilationoftheapplication.Canbeusedtodisplayapplicationversionondisplay.

devinfo.GetInfo();Loadstheinformationaboutthecontrollerandtheapplicationintothedevinfovariable.

Tab9_[Applicationandcontrolleridentification]Example

EXEXTSysDeviceInfodevinfo;

devinfo.GetInfo();

if(devinfo.BiosDate<DateSerial(2005,11,8))

Com1.WriteStr(“Invalidbios!”);

DisplayDeviceInfoOnCom(TCom&Com1)Showstheinformationaboutthecontrollerandtheapplicationontheserialportindicatedasaparameter.

It’sadvisabletogivethiscommandatthebeginningoftheapplication(iftheserialcanbeusedinthisphase).Thisallowstovisualizeallthemaininformationabouttheapplication.

Example

EXEXDisplayDeviceInfoOnCom(Com1);

TSysDeviceInfodevinfo;TDateTimedt;//getsysteminformationdevinfo.GetInfo();//explodeapplicationdateintodatecomponentsdt.SetTime(devinfo.AppDate);dt.Explode();//showapplicationyeardsp.DrawValueCR(0,0,”App.Year:”,dt.Year,4);


Returnsthepressedkey,eventuallyreadfromthekeyboardqueue.

Keyrepetitionishandled.Ateachcyclethevariablestatesifthekeyispressed,onthebasisoftherepetitionrules.Thusifthekeyiskeptpressed,thefirstcalltoGetKey()returnsthekeycodeinkbd.Key.AfterfurthercallstoGetKey(),thekbd.Keywillbeequaltozerountiltherepetitiontimehaselapsed;thenitwillindicateagainthepressedkeyandthenagainzerountilthenextrepetition.Onthecontrary,inkbd.ActiveKeyyouwillalwaysfindthecodeofthepressedkey.

4.7] SysteminformationlongSys.MaxStackSizeHolds themaximumsizeof thestack in the lastexecutionof theapplication. It isused to verify the realmemoryrequirementsofyourapplication.

4.8] Userinterfacevoidkbd.GetKey()Readsthekeyboardstatus(itdetectwhichkeysarebeingpressed).

kbd.ActiveKeyReturnsthekeysthatarepressedwhentheGetKey()iscalled.Thesupportedkeysare:

KEY_OKKEY_ENTER(comeKEY_OK)KEY_ESCKEY_UPKEY_DOWNKEY_LEFTKEY_RIGHT

and can be added to obtain the combination of the keys simultaneously pressed (e.g.KEY_UP+KEY_DOWN).

kbd.ActiveTimeTime(ms)sincethecurrentkeycombination(ActiveKey)becameactiveandremainunchanged.

kbd.Key

»»»»»»»

Example

EXEXkbd.GetKey();

…

if((kbd.ActiveKey==KEY_OK+KEY_UP)&&(kbd.ActiveTime>=1000)){

//codetobeexecutedwhentheOKandUPkeysarepressedtogetherformorethan1second

}

//itincrementsordecrementsthevalvariableonthebasisofthepressingoftheUPandDOWNkeys

//keepingthekeyspressed,theincrementordecrementspeedwillincreaseprogressively

if(kbd.Key==KEY_DOWN)

val--;

elseif(kbd.Key==KEY_UP)

val++;


5] HowtocreateyourownlibraryTocreatethe“mylib.lib”library,writethemylib.csourcefile.

Thencreateamainfileincludingthelibrarywith.libextension:

#include“mylib.lib”

...

Whenthecompilerfindsthecorresponding(.c)fileforthatlibraryinthesamefolderofthemainfile,itmakesarebuild(ifnecessary)ofthesourcefileandcreatethenewlibrary.

Aftercompilingyouwillgetthemylib.libfileinthesamefolderofthemylib.cfile.Youcannowtakeawaythemylib.cfile.

voiddsp.ClearDisplay()Clearsthedisplay.

voiddsp.DrawLineXY(shortx1,shorty1,shortx2,shorty2)Drawsalinefromx1,y1tox2,y2.Coordinatesareinpixel.

voiddsp.DrawRect(shortx,shorty,shortw,shorth)Drawsarectanglehavingx,yorigin,widthwandheighth.

voiddsp.UpdateDisplay()Updates the display with the implemented changes. In most of the devices, changes to the display areperformedonatemporarybufferandthiscommandisnecessarytoupdatethedisplay.Thisisforavoidingvisualizationinconvenienceswhileyouaredrawinganewscreen.

voiddsp.DrawTextCR(shortiCol,shortiRow,String&cText)DrawsthetextstringcTextatiColcolumnandiRowraw.

voiddsp.DrawImage(shortx,shorty,longiImageID)Draws the indicated image starting from x,y coordinates. The images that are now supported are thefollowing:

imgALARM

imgSERVICE

imgCOMPR

imgICE

imgSUN

imgDEF

imgHEATER

imgFAN

imgPUMP

Tab10_[Images]


_FIGURESINDEXFig1_ [Generaloverview] 3Fig2_ [Functionslibrariesandapplicationsoftware] 3Fig3_ [Functionslibrariesandapplicationsoftware] 3Fig4_ [Compiler] 4Fig5_ [Simulator] 5Fig6_ [Programcompiling] 6Fig7_ [Programuploading] 7Fig8_ [Analogoutput]PPM 13Fig9_ [AnalogoutputPWMsynchronous] 13Fig10_ [AnalogoutputPWM] 14

_TABLESINDEXTab1_ [Basicdatatypes] 10Tab2_ [Functionlibrary] 11Tab3_ [InputOutput] 11Tab4_ [longIO.GetRawAI] 12Tab5_ [PPM] 13Tab6_ [PWMsynchronous] 13Tab7_ [PWM] 14Tab8_ [FREQ] 14Tab9_ [Applicationandcontrolleridentification] 18Tab10_ [Images] 20

Note

Preliminary23.08.07versione1.2

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