DEVELOPMENT OF EXPRESSWAY ON- AND OFF-RAMP CAPACITY

MODELS BASED ON MALAYSIAN EXPRESSWAY CONDITION

MOHD ERWAN BIN SANlK (PROJECT LEADER)

ISMAIL BIN YUSOF

NOORLIYANA BlNTl OMAR

MOHAMMAD NASIR BIN MOHAMAD TAHER

FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH GRANT SCHEME

NO. VOT 071 0

UNlVERSlTl TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

ABSTRACT

According to the U.S. HCM 2000, a ramp is described as a length of roadways

providing an exclusive connection between two roadways facility. a ramp may be

connected to facilities such as freeways, two-lane highways, multilane highways, urban

and suburban roads. Three geometric elements which refer to a ramp are ramp-

freeway junction, ramp-roadway, and ramp-street junction (TRB, 2000). Later in this

introduction, the term "expressway" is used as freeway in Malaysia. In this study, the

interest is on the ramp-expressway junctions which consist of on- and off-ramps. Other

interests in this study are type of ramp-expressway: isolated; adjacent upstream on-

and off-ramp; and adjacent downstream on- and off-ramp. In order to determine level

of service of a road facility, analysis of capacity has to be done to the facility. The U.S.

HCM 2000 uses density as the measure of effectiveness to determine level of service at

ramp-expressway. To date, there is no certain method or guideline used in Malaysia to

analyse on- or off-ramp junctions especially in expressway. Study of this facility has

been done by various researchers in the field of traffic engineering such as Roess

(1994), Eleftriadou et al. (1995), Albanese et al. (2003), and Akram (2006). In

Malaysia, there is nearly no study done on ramps for expressway except one study by

Akram (2006) who develop on-ramp-expressway models with respect to local condition.

However, the study was limited to several expressways in Selangor. Akram (2006) has

proved that his.models are giving better prediction than the U.S. HCM 2000 on-ramp

models and confirmed with respect to the actual field density. In this study, capacity

models which consist of flow rate and density models for ramp-expressway are

developed based on Malaysian expressway condition.

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