TowardsEcosystemBasedFisheriesManagementintheBal7cSea16-17June2016EskildKirkegaardACOMChair

Developmentofadvicetowardsecosystembasedfisheriesmanagement-ICESadviceandecosystembasedfisheriesmanagement

CommonFisheriesPolicy-Objec7ves•  TheCFPshallensurethatfishingandaquacultureac5vi5esareenvironmentally

sustainableinthelong-termandaremanagedinawaythatisconsistentwiththeobjec5vesofachievingeconomic,socialandemploymentbenefits,andofcontribu5ngtotheavailabilityoffoodsupplies.

•  TheCFPshallapplytheprecau5onaryapproachtofisheriesmanagement,andshallaimtoensurethatexploita5onoflivingmarinebiologicalresourcesrestoresandmaintainspopula5onsofharvestedspeciesabovelevelswhichcanproducethemaximumsustainableyield.

•  TheCFPshallimplementtheecosystem-basedapproachtofisheriesmanagementsoastoensurethatnega5veimpactsoffishingac5vi5esonthemarineecosystemareminimised,andshallendeavortoensurethataquacultureandfisheriesac5vi5esavoidthedegrada5onofthemarineenvironment.

Whatisecosystembasedfisheriesmanagement?

CommonFisheriesPolicy-Objec7ves•  environmentallysustainable,•  economic,socialandemploymentbenefits,•  precau7onaryapproach,•  maximumsustainableyield,•  ecosystem-basedapproachtofisheriesmanagement.

Whatisecosystembasedfisheriesmanagement?

Ecosystem-basedapproachtofisheriesmanagement–defini7onintheCFPMeansanintegratedapproachtomanagingfisherieswithinecologicallymeaningfulboundarieswhichseekstomanagetheuseofnaturalresources,takingaccountoffishingandotherhumanac5vi5es,whilepreservingboththebiologicalwealthandthebiologicalprocessesnecessarytosafeguardthecomposi5on,structureandfunc5oningofthehabitatsoftheecosystemaffected,bytakingintoaccounttheknowledgeanduncertain5esregardingbio5c,abio5candhumancomponentsofecosystems.

Whatisecosystembasedfisheriesmanagement?

Na5onalMarineFisheriesService

Na5onalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministra5on(NOAA)

NOAAFisheriesdefinesEBFMasasystema(capproachtofisheriesmanagementinageographicallyspecifiedareathatcontributestotheresilienceandsustainabilityoftheecosystem;recognizesthephysical,biological,economic,andsocialinterac(onsamongtheaffectedfishery-relatedcomponentsoftheecosystem,includinghumans;andseekstoop(mizebenefitsamongadiversesetof

societalgoals.

Whatisecosystembasedfisheriesmanagement?

Balancinghumanac5vi5es&environmentalstewardshipinamul5pleusecontext

EcosystemBasedManagement

Whatisecosystembasedfisheriesmanagement?

Trade-offs between fisheries, commercialspecies,andotherecosystemcomponents(e.g.,other species, habitats, and humans) andprocesses that affect, or are affected by,fisheries.

Whatisecosystembasedfisheriesmanagement?

EcosystemHealthandSustainabilityVolume2,Issue4,26APR2016DOI:10.1002/ehs2.1213h]p://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ehs2.1213/full#ehs21213-fig-0001

EBFM–ICESAdvice

ICESAdvicedeliverables

o  Stockadvice–fishingopportuni7es,howmuchcanyoutakeoutofthestocknextyear,CFPobjec7ve.

o  Fisheriesoverviews–how,whom,whereandwhen,mixedfisheriesandecosystemimpacts.

o  Ecosystemoverviews–humanac7vi7es,pressuresandstate

ICESAdvicedeliverables

Stockadvice–fishingopportuni7esHowmanytonnescanyoutakeoutofthestocknextyear?

8.3.10 Herring(Clupeaharengus )in Subdivis ion 30(BothnianSea)ICES stockadviceICESadvisesthatwhentheMSYapproachisapplied,catchesin2016shouldbenomorethan 96613tonnes.StockdevelopmentovertimeThespawning-stockbiomass(SSB)increaseduntilthebeginningofthe1990s;thenthestockdecreased,butshowedanincreasefromtheendofthe1990sandhasbeenaboveMSYBtriggersince1986.FishingmortalityhasbeenbelowFMSYfromtheverybeginningofthetime-series,andjustabovesince2012.Recruitmentisvariableandincreasingovertime.

Figure8.3.10.1 HerringinSubdivision30.Summaryofstockassessment(weightsinthousandtonnes).RecruitmentandSSBin2015

arepredicted.Recruitment,F,andSSBhaveconfidenceintervals(95%)intheplot. StockandexploitationstatusTable8.3.10.1 HerringinSubdivision30.Stateofthestockandfishery,relativetoreferencepoints . Fishingpressure Stocksize

2012 2013 2014 2013 2014 2015

MaximumSustainableYield FMSY Above

MSYBtrigger Abovetrigger

Precautionaryapproach

Fpa,Flim

Undefined Bpa,Blim

Abovepotentialcandidatereferencepoints

ManagementPlan FMGT - - - Notapplicable SSBMGT - - - Notapplicable

ICESAdviceonfishingopportuni5es

Presentstockstatusanddynamics:Ø  Growth,maturityØ  StockrecruitmentØ  Preda5onmortality

Referencepointsarebasedonsinglestockconsidera5onsanddoesnotincludespeciesinterac5on

ICESAdvicedeliverables

Bal7cmul7speciesinterac7ons

Hydrography

Acartia spp. Pseudocalanus acuspes

high

er/lo

wer

oxy

gen

cont

ent a

nd s

alin

ity

Path 1 Path 2

mainly inflow event freq.

Climatepositive NE-Atlantic Oscillation Index,

change of high and low pressure areas

Cod eastern Baltic Sprat Baltic

Path 2weak inflows, more terrestrial runoff, more nutrients

high

er/lo

wer

win

ter t

empe

ratu

res

Path 1more & stronger inflow,

less terrestrial runoff, surface more saline,

deep water more oxygen

Herring central Baltic

predation

food

com

petit

ion

pre-1990ies post-1990ies

Fishery

less/more recruitsmore/less recruits

predation

catc

h

predation

predation

pred

atio

n

pred

atio

nDorscheier

catc

h

Mul7speciesmodelling

WKMULTBAL2012

Trade-offsandpriori5es

Fmsyranges-Sprat

StockMSYFlower

FMSYMSYFupperwithAR

MSYBtrigger(thousandt)

Sprat 0.19 0.26 0.27 570

Fisheriesoverviews

How,whom,whereandwhen,mixedfisheriesandecosystemimpacts.

Totalfishingeffort(hours)Q1–Q42013.Mobilebo]om-contac5nggears,midwatertrawls,andlonglines.

MSFDdescriptors

Fisheriesoverviews

Ecosystemoverviews

Ecosystembasedapproach–ICESadviceTrade-offs/priori(esbetweenfisheries,commercialspecies,andotherecosystemcomponents(e.g.,otherspecies,habitats,andhumans)andprocessesthataffect,orareaffectedby,fisheries.Economicandsocialinterac(ons

ICESadvice

TACandquotasTechnicalmeasuresincludingclosedareas/seasons

Fisheriesmanagement

Thankyou