Developing the driver as both a driver and a learner

By Ian Edwards MSc.

Aims of the presentation

• To provide you with an overview of:– the need to use learner centred approaches in

adult education – how this links to your area of work– some of the key skills your trainer should have or

needs to develop

© Ian Edwards 2012

NDIS – evaluation

Previous evaluations:– Burgess (1998) and Edwards (2004) both found that

the NDIS was successful at changing a driver’s stated attitudes 3 months post-course.

However Conner and Lai (2005) concluded:– Although in the current research we found evidence

of a modest improvement in attitudes towards safe driving for those who attend the course compared with a similar control group, we did not find reliable evidence that this translates into improved driving performance on the road.

© Ian Edwards 2012

The Goals for Driver Education

© Ian Edwards 2012

Level Knowledge and Skills Risk increasingFactors

Self-evaluation

Social Environmental

Culture, enforcement, sub-cultures, group values

Little or no understanding of how cultural / sub-cultural issues impact on driving.Context of tripPassengers

How culture/ impacts on driving decisions / judgements

Goals for life and skills for living

Lifestyle, age, group, culture, social position etc. vs. driving behaviour

Sensation seeking, group norms, peer pressure

Introspective competence, own preconditions, impulse control

Level IIIGoals and context of diving

Modal choice, choice of time, role of motives, route planning

Alcohol, fatigue, low friction, rush hours, young passengers

Own motives influencing choices, self-critical thinking

Level IIDriving in traffic

Traffic rules, cooperation, hazard perception, Automation

Disobeying rules, tailgating, low friction, vulnerable road users

Calibration of driving skills, own driving style

Level IVehicle control

Car functioning, protection systems, vehicle control, physical laws

No seatbelts, breakdown of vehicle system, worn-out tyres

Calibration of car control skills

Base on the GDE Hatakka et al and a presentation given by Keskinen 2010 NORBIT Conference

What would a driver learn here?

© Ian Edwards 2012

The Driving Task

• We learn through experience but what we learn from that experience is directly influenced by our ability to engage with it in a meaningful way

• Driving is a highly complex skill that requires the driver to be fully in control of themselves and the vehicle, to achieve this they must be able to evaluate their own performance across all 5 levels of the GDE

© Ian Edwards 2012

Self-evaluation

© Ian Edwards 2012

Self –evaluation

Edwards I., 2010 NORBIT Conference

Developing self-evaluationSelf-evaluation is a skill that can be developed through a learner centred approach. This approach has a number of key elements including:– It accepts that a client builds their own knowledge

structures– Cooperative learning – The role of self-reflection / self-evaluation – The need to develop learning skills through the setting

of realistic problems – The need to focus on transferring the skills from the

learning environment to the ‘real world’ - skills transfer.

© Ian Edwards 2012

Implication

• These concepts have major implications for course content and delivery

© Ian Edwards 2012

What Should a TrainerBe Able To Do?

• They should understand and be able to apply a number of facilitation techniques including:– The appropriate use of questions– The use of active listening techniques – Understand the role of feedback– Group facilitation skills– Understand and use appropriately non-judgemental

approaches – Be able to use client centred approaches and

understand why these are important – Have excellent rapport building skills

© Ian Edwards 2012

© Ian Edwards 2012

NADIP PLENARY Crewe

25th April 2012

INVESTOR IN PEOPLE

DORS UpdateStephen Cole

NPIA Product Manager

DORS V3.0.1

• DORS V3.0.1 released on Wed 11-Apr-12• 4 hours of downtime for release (14:30 to 18:30)• Functionality released:

– Mandatory Course Details & Booking Date– Offender Portal message updated– Bug fixes

DORS V3.0.1

• RFC276 Mandatory Course Details– Offenders had been updated to Attended & Completed without a link

to a Course Record– Issue uncovered during initial UAT of DORS system but retained to

deal with migrated records– In V3.0.1, all Bookings entered manually on DORS will have to be

linked to a valid Course Record. Change brings manual User Interface in line with Web Services

– Change also incorporates new report for NDORS Management to address the records incorrectly updated

– Course Details will be stripped if record returned to Booking Pending

DORS V3.0.1

• Mandatory Booking Date– Bug fix linked to RFC276– Field shown with a mandatory marking (*) but was not mandatory. Fix

brings User Interface in line with Web Services– Booking Date is now mandatory when updating an Offender record to

Booked or Booked And Paid– To address legacy records, Booking Date is not mandatory when

moving records to Attended & Completed, Attended Not Completed, or Did Not Attend

– Booking Date should be entered (if known) to provide a more complete MI picture

DORS V3.0.1

• RFC318 New Offender Portal Message– Message on Offender Portal updated to make it clear that the

Offender can attend a course with any supplier. Text reformatted.– New text: “You can choose to take this course anywhere it is

available and do not have to return to the place of the offence.”• Bug Fix – Display issue for Courses

– Display error for manual course selection released in DORS V3.0 has been corrected

– Course records displayed in same sort order as pre DORS V3.0

DORS Data Restore Exercise

• In Apr / May, NPIA & RSS will be conducting a Data Restore test on DORS

• Live Data will be restored from tape back-up to the UAT Environment enabling testing of:– Ability to restore from tape back-up– Ability to progress restored data through normal business processes– Database performance changes to Offender Deletion process– Ability of UAT environment to handle data levels of Production

environment (basic Disaster Recovery solution)

DORS Data Restore Exercise

• UAT environment will be locked down from

16-Apr-12 until 22-May-12• UAT environment will contain a copy of LIVE data for periods

between these dates• No external access to UAT environment during this period –

no exceptions (National Accreditor)• Any Course Supplier testing will need to be scheduled outside

of this period

DORS V3.1 - Changes• Decision on V3.1 content is not finalised• The RFC being considered for this release include:

– RFC254 Obsolete DDL Content: enable obsolete content to be hidden in drop-down lists

– RFC319 System Error Messages: enable more meaningful error messages to aid understanding & Incident investigation

– RFC324 OutDORS Offer Withdrawn W/S: create a new Web Service to enable Course Suppliers systems query DORS for Offender records that have been updated to Offer Withdrawn (between Course Booking & Attendance)

DORS V3.1 - Changes– RFC238 Password Resets: enable users to manually

reset or obtain reminder for forgotten passwords– RFC182 Date Validation: ensure that Dates entered

in DORS are validated against appropriate business rules

– RFC324 Disable Supplier: functionality to allow National Governance User to disable Course Supplier accounts for non-compliance with Code of Connection and/or NDORS Business rules

DORS DR/BC Capability

• DORS does not have a Disaster Recovery (DR) or Business Continuity (BC) site at present

• BC is currently dependant on provision of additional services at Hendon Data Centre as applied during the HDC power-down in Nov/Dec 2011

• Change Board have authorised investigations into the provision of full DR/BC facilities

• Currently investigating a solution which provides:– Full DORS installation in dual data centre locations– Automatic failover during outage– Automatic replication between Production & DR site– Tech Refresh of DORS technologies

• No current schedule for the provision of DR/BC capabilities

DORS – Future Direction

• Change Board are looking into the future direction of the DORS system which supports the NDORS Business

– What does DORS do which unnecessarily complicates the Business process?

– What could DORS do better to compliment the Business process?

• Suggestions should be submitted to Josie Wride

My Contact Details• Any questions, please contact:

Stephen ColeNPIA Product Manager

2nd Floor, Fry Building2 Marsham Street, London SW1P 4DF

Tel: 020 3113 7670Mob: 07785 996 562

E-mail: Stephen.cole2@npia.pnn.police.ukLondon-Paris Cycle: www.action.org.uk/sponsor/scole

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