DEVELOPING CULTIVATION AND

PRODUCTIVITY OF COCONUT AND PALM

STEIVIE KAROUW

PALM RESEARCH CENTER

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER OF PLANTATION

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER OF AGRICULTURE MANADO

THE COMMODITY INSTRUCTIONS OF PALM RESEARCH CENTER

1. COCONUT (Cococsnucifera)

2. PALM OIL (Elaeisguineensis)

3. SAGO (MetroxylonSagus)

4. PALM (ArengaPinata)

5. ARECA NUT (Areca catechu)

6. PAPYRUS (Borassussundaicus)

7. GEWANG (CoryphaGebango)

8. NYPA (Nypafruiticans)

TASKS

Doing research about palm plants

FUNCTION (research )

Doing genetics research, breeding, seed and germplasm utilization of palm

Doing morphology, physiology, ecology, entomology, and fitopatology palm plants

Doing system technology component research and agribusiness palm plants

Kuning Bali Dwarf

Kuning Nias Dwarf

Raja Dwarf

Salak Dwarf

• Production 80 – 120

items/tree/year

• Begin to bear fruit age 2 – 3

years

Green Kopyor Dwarf Coconut,

Brown Kopyor Dwarf Coconut,

Yellow Kopyor Dwarf Coconut,

KOPYOR COCONUT

Planting space 6 x 16 meters in line

(119 palm/ha).

The method of palm rejuvenation

must be increased to 20% per year.

The utilization space of 6 x 16

meters is based on polyculture PJK.

• Contains an abnormal endosperm (flesh of fruit).

• There are 2 types of kopyor coconut, those are tall and dwarf.

• Percentage of kopyor nut per cluster that produced by natural kopyor tall coconut trees 10-20% and dwarf 30-40%

Tipe Genjah

tapping extract sap of genjah coconut

Tapping extract sap of genjah coconut high mountain side

EXPERIMEN RESULT OF SAP PRODUCTIVITY OF

SEVERAL GENJAH COCONUTS

• SEVERAL CULTIVARS OF GENJAH COCONUT

• BEBERAPA KULTIVAR KELAPA GENJAHVariety of

genjah coconut

Sap

production/tree/d

ay

(ml)

Sugar

content

(%)

pHTime Tapping

(day)

GTT 2 172,38 14,50 6,41 19,00

GKB 1 869,34 14,56 6,26 17,33

GKN 1 333,52 13,51 6,22 17,00

GHJ 1 261,48 13,81 6,27 12,50

GOS 954,16 14,77 6,34 13,00

GSK 855,78 14,01 6,19 14,00

GRA 829,78 13,51 6,17 15,00

Genjah Coconut Kuning-Bali 6 years old

Kelapa Genjah Raja 6 years old

1. Natural enemies

BaculovirusOryctes and

Metarhiziumanisopliae

2. Sanitation

3. Cover Crop planting

4. Pheromone

5. FFS

Larva has been infected by metarhizium

Note: PHT :Pengendalian Hama Terpadu Integrated Pest Control

• Biological Control

Leefmansia bicolor and

METABRON

• GRADEN SANITATION

• COVER CROP PLANTING

• USE OF TRAP

• STEM INJECTION

• The most parasite pupa:

TETRASTHICHUS

• The infected larva:

METARHIZIUM

• The infected imago:

BEAUVERIA

How to control : a. Eradication/annihilation

of infected plants

b. Chemical Control

c. Sanitation

d. Quarantine

Serangan PBP pada kelapa Hibrida PB-121

Serangan PBP pada kelapa Dalam

HEALTHY COOKING OIL

GRANULE COCONUT SUGAR

COCODIESEL TECHNOLOGY SMALL-MEDIUM SCALE

SUITABLE FOR

COASTAL

AREAS/ISOLATED

ISLAND

1. Main tree selection

2. Breeding technology

HIGH-YIELDING VARIETY OF PALM TREE

1. Genjah Kutim Palm

Palm Blossom

number

Sap Production/Palm

Blossom

(liter)

Tapping time-

consuming/Palm Blossom

(Day)

1 1402 95

2 1430 85

3 836 74

4 704 62

5 774 74

6 693 65

7 148 23

Total 5987 478

Palm Blossom (mayang) sap production 1-7 of palm and how

long the tapping of GenjahKutim Palm takes, in Kandolo

Village TelukPandan District – East Kutai

Tree

2009 2010 2011

Production/day

(liter)

Palm

Blossom

Production

Production/

day

(liter)

Palm

Blossom

Production

Production/

day

(liter)

Palm

Blossom

Production

1 17,2 1200 9,9 731 17,6 1320

2 16,0 1500 14,0 1402 12,6 945,7

3 15,4 970 16,6 1430,6 18 1350

4 15,0 1475 11,5 774 14,2 1065

5 15,2 1125 11,2 704 13,6 1020

6 10 1125 11,2 693 11,3 846

7 17 1445 11,1 709 11,5 855

8 15,0 1500 6,4 288 11,8 885

9 18,2 1170 11,6 836 15,2 1132

10 16,8 1054 12,7 850 17,7 1325

Average - sap production of GenjahKutim Palm in 3 years

(2009-2011) in Kandolo Village, TelukPandan District – East

Kutai

HIGH-YIELDING VARIETY OF PALM

2. Dalam Akel Toumuung Palm

Tree

Number

Tapping Time-

consuming

(day)

Sap Production

(liter)

Average of Sap

Production/day

1 59 1161 19,67

2 65 870 `13,38

3 129 4463 34,6

4 212 3295 15,54

5 79 1296 16,40

6 34 1951 57,40

7 47 1468 31,23

8 57 966 16,95

9 135 4232 31,3

10 86 1092 12,69

Rata2 82,9 2079,4 27,64

Sd 50,13 13871 16,86

KK(%) 60,47 66,71 60,98

EXPERIMENT RESULT OF SAP PRODUCTIVITY OF

DALAM TOMOHON PALM

Brown

SugarGranule

coconut

Cap of

Mice

Technical

AlcoholToddy/

saguer

Vinegar

Fiber

Kolang

Kaling(fruit of

palm

sugar)

Wine

Thank You