Developing a Community Profile - BHC Ireland - 2004

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Community Health ImpactAssessment

developing a community profile:GUIDELINES

NOVEMBER 2004



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In April 2004, Belfast Healthy Cities produced two Community Health Profile’s, onefor Ballybeen, the other for four wards within the Ards Peninsula. These profiles wereone of the stages in the Community Health Impact Assessment pilot undertaken inthese two areas. Funding for these pilots and profiles was obtained under theDepartment of Health Social Services and Public Safety (DHSSPS) Investing for

Healthier Communities Grants Programme.

The production of the profiles were recognised as a valuable source of information bythe statutory, voluntary and community organisations in these areas, and seen asuseful not only for the CHIA project, but also of use for other purposes. Following anumber of requests for advice on collating a community health profile, the DHSSPSInvesting for Healthier Communities Grants Programme agreed to provide additionalfunding to produce this handbook.

The purpose of this handbook is to provide a framework which organisations or groups can use to guide the production of a community health profile in their ownarea.

The information contained within this handbook is not exhaustive but is based on theexperience of producing the profiles in the two CHIA pilot areas, Ballybeen and four wards in the Ards Peninsula. The guidelines can be adapted to suit community need.

foreword

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G U I D E L I N E S

Ruth Fleming Joan Devlin



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Community profiling is a useful method to assist in the process of identifying thespecific needs of an area, and can provide baseline information to help with target setting. It is important therefore to establish a clear purpose for the profile beforedeciding what information should be collected which is relevant to the communityor project.

A partnership approach should be taken in the planning and development of acommunity health profile. The following steps may be used to guide this process:

• Set up a community steering group to oversee the development of the profile.Membership should be inclusive of the voluntary, community, statutory sectorsworking in the area, as well as local people living in the area where possible.

• Agree a template for the profile identifying clearly the areas under whichinformation will be collected.

• Source data from the following key areas:

• NISRA/NINAS website

• Statistics branch within Government departments (all Government willhave a statistics branch or research person)

• Health promotion unit within health trusts and boards• Members of the community steering group should be involved in

sourcing additional local information/ surveys or contacts. It is also usefulto obtain local views/interpretation on statistics/information gathered for the profile. This qualitative information provides an additional layer of practical, local information, which statistics alone cannot convey.

• When statistics have been collated and interpreted by the person(s) compilingthe profile, as a precautionary measure it is helpful to check the interpretation isaccurate with the person providing the statistics.

• The community steering group should assist in the process of validating theprofile, identifying any gaps and adding local views and interpretation to theinformation gathered.

• Gain the necessary written consent for the use of tables taken from

websites/NISRA.• Distribute the profile widely to all stakeholders involved in the process, including

organisations where information has been sourced, as well as interested parties.

1. Steps in developing a communityhealth profile

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1. Steps in developing a community health profile 5

2. Profile template 6

2.1 Demography 6

2.2 Health and health behaviour 7

2.3 Housing 9

2.4 Transport 10

2.5 Employment 11

2.6 Environment 12

2.7 Crime 13

2.8 Essential services 13

2.9 Education 14

2.10 Voluntary, community and private provision 16

2.11 Health and social services provision 17 2.12 Leisure and recreation services 18

contents



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Within the two community health profiles produced by Belfast Healthy Cities,information was documented under the following headings: demography; health andhealth behaviour; housing; transport; employment; environment; crime and essentialservices; education; voluntary, community and private provision; health and socialservices provision; leisure and recreation services. These headings were chosen

because a wide variety of factors have an impact on an individual’s health and theoverall health of the community, and therefore are relevant in the development of aholistic health profile.

The following twelve tables provide examples of information which can be collectedfor inclusion in a community health profile, the source of this information, and thearea/level at which it is available or collected.

The information recorded in this template is only a flavour of what could be collectedwithin a community health profile, and has been restricted to data which is readilyavailable at a local level.

2.1) Demography

2. Profile Template

Information Where to source this

information

Area/level

collected/available

Age of the population;population by gender;household composition;cultural diversity

NISRA (Census Output – agestructure table)www.nisra.gov.uk/census/Census2001Output/ KeyStatistics/keystatrep.html

Electoral Ward level; output level; local District Council;Health and Social ServiceBoards; Education and LibraryBoards; ParliamentaryConstituency(as census data is only collected every 10 years this is a limitation to its relevanceover time )

Population density(number of persons per areain hectares)

NISRA (Census Output –usually resident populationtable)www.nisra.gov.uk/census/Cen

sus2001Output/ KeyStatistics/keystatrep.html

Electoral Ward level; output level; local District Council;Health and Social ServiceBoards; Education and Library

Boards; ParliamentaryConstituency

2.2) Health and Health Behaviour


information

Area/level

collected/available

Persons claiming DisabilityLiving Allowance (DLA) as aproxy for disability

Social Security Agency/ DSDwebsitewww.dsdni.gov.uk/statistics-research/geographicaldata.asp

Collected by male/female/ageranges per electoral wardlevel.

Population by long-termillness

NISRA (Census Output –households with dependent children and households withlimiting long-term illnesstable)www.nisra.gov.uk/census/Census2001Output/ KeyStatistics/keystatrep.html

Electoral Ward level; output level; local District Council;Health and Social ServiceBoards; Education and LibraryBoards; ParliamentaryConstituency

Standardised death rates(listed per condition/disease)

Registrar General, NISRAwww.nisra.gov.uk (general

register office)

District council and healthboard level

Incidence of cancers NI cancer registrywww.qub.ac.uk/nicr/

Electoral ward level, district council level, and board level

Dental health recorded asdmf rates (decayed, missingand filled teeth)

Individual schools, HSS Trustsand Boards

Individual schools, HSS Trust level and board level

Immunisation – uptake ratesof: Diphtheria, Tetanus andPolio at 2nd birthday (as aproxy for all primaryvaccinations)

Child Health System -information can be obtainedvia the health boards

Electoral ward level, healthand social services trust leveland board level

Immunisation – uptake of measles, mumps and rubellaat 2nd birthday


Electoral ward level, trust leveland board level

Low birth weight incidencein singleton term births



Te enage pre gnancies Child Health System -information can be obtainedvia the health boards




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8Breast feeding (rates at discharge from hospital)


Electoral ward level, trust leveland board level(Breast feeding rates at 7months are also collectedalthough inconsistenciescurrently arise in accuracybetween areas)

Many more statistics on health and health behaviour are available at a Northern Irelandlevel or in some case at a trust or health board level.

These include figures on smoking, alcohol and drug abuse, physical activity, mentalhealth, sexual health, oral health, and food and nutrition. However the lack of information available at a local ward or output level makes it difficult to produce a profile

on a small geographic area.

2.2) Health and Health Behaviour (continued)


information

Area/level

collected/available

2.3) Housing


information

Area/level collected

Housing stress as an indicator of social disadvantage

Noble Deprivation Indicatorsfound on NISRA websitewww.nisra.gov.uk/whatsnew/dep/index.html

Electoral ward level (based on1984 ward boundaries)(figures up to 2001 only)

Percentage of householdswithout central heating as aproxy for fuel poverty

NISRA (Census Output –rooms, amenities, centralheating and lowest floor leveltable)www.nisra.gov.uk/census/Census2001Output/ KeyStatistics/keystatrep.html


H ome le ss ne ss f ig ur es D is tr ic t H ou si ng P lan s/Housing Executivewww.nihe.gov.uk

District housing areas; District council area

Tenure – number of households which are owner occupied or rented

NISRA (Census Output –table)www.nisra.gov.uk/census/Census2001Output/ KeyStatistics/keystatrep.html


Social housing buildprogrammes and socialhousing stock

District Housing Plans/Housing Executivewww.nihe.gov.uk

District housing areas; District council area

Area plans (these provideinformation on land useproposals for each district council)

Department of theEnvironment, PlanningServicewww.planningni.gov.uk

Area plans available for eachdistrict council area

The community steering group could provide information on local concerns regardinghouse prices, availability issues, and relevant local information.



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2.4) Transport


information


Car ownership (which has animpact on access to services)

NISRA (Census Output –Cars or Vans table)www.nisra.gov.uk/census/Census2001Output/KeyStatistics/keystatrep.html


*The community steering group should be able to assist in listing the location of ‘essential services’ (see above for definition) and other services such as banks, and cashpoints, which are present in the area.

Access to essential services(*defined by Noble as accessto a post office, GP surgery,A&E hospitals, dentist,optician, pharmacist, library,museum and social securityoffice)



Mode of transport to work NISRA (Census Output)www.nisra.gov.uk/census/Census2001Output/ KeyStatistics/keystatrep.html


Community transport – eachoperator should be able tosupply information on thenumber of buses available,figures on passengers, andarea covered

Community Transport Associationwww.communitytransport-ni.com

There are 18 communitytransport operators inNorthern Ireland working inthe following areas: Belfast;Ards Peninsula; Armagh;Coleraine; Cookstown;Craigavon/Banbridge;Downpatrick; Dungannon;East Fermanagh/SouthTyrone; Foyle; Magherafelt;Mid Tyrone; Newcastle;North Antrim; Strabane, andSW Fermanagh

Public Transport –passenger numbers, and bus serviceprovision

Translink www.translink.co.uk

Towns and villages

2.5) Employment


information


Persons claiming job seekersallowance

DSD websitewww.dsdni.gov.uk/statistics-research/geographicaldata.asp

Electoral ward level,information published onwebsite twice a year

Deprivation score by income(score constructed usingcounts of adults in families inreceipt of means testedbenefits)



The community steering group should assist in gathering information on specific employment issues and concerns in the area. The local job centre will provideinformation on activities offered in the area. The following website will provide a link tothe 35 job centre offices in Northern Ireland (www.jobcentreonline.com/).

Economic activity (employedpart/full time; self-employed;unemployed; student),and employment byhousehold (lone parent households broken down bygender)

NISRA (Census Output)www.nisra.gov.uk/census/Census2001Output/ KeyStatistics/keystatrep.html


Economic inactivity – figuresare categorised for men andwomen under the following:retired; student, looking after home/family; permanentlysick/disabled; and other



Areas of employment –occupation and gender byindustry





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2.6) Environment


information


Air quality District councils- links to all councils throughthe following website:www.oultwood.com/localgov/northernireland.htm

Monitoring stations spreadthroughout the country

The community steering group should be able to highlight areas of concern in the areain relation to environmental issues and any issues relating to the provision of amenitiesin the local area.

Radiation (ionising; radon andnon-ionising

Department of theEnvironment (DOE) website –Environment and heritageservice -www.ehsni.gov.uk/environment/radiation/radiation.shtml.Information also provided bydistrict councils.

Results recorded at district council level

River quality DOE – Water Management Unit

Assessments completed on allrivers and results provided onrequest

Ba thi ng w at er q ual it y D OE w eb si te – E nvi ro nme nt and heritage servicewww.ehsni.gov.uk/environment/environment.shtml

27 sites are monitoredthroughout NI – water qualityis tested on 20 occasionsbetween June and mid-September - results areprovided on request

Noise complaints District councils - links to allcouncils through thefollowing website:www.oultwood.com/localgov/northernireland.htm

Ward level, district councilarea

Current provision in relationto: civic amenity sites;recycling points; wastecollection; parks and openspace belonging to thecouncil

District councils - links to allcouncils through thefollowing website:www.oultwood.com/localgov/northernireland.htm

Ward level, district councilarea

2.7) Crime


information


Number of domestic violenceoffences

Police Service for NorthernIreland (PSNI) statisticsbranch (see alsowww.psni.police.uk)

Results recorded per district command unit – provided onrequest

Notifiable offences (e.g.burglary, criminal damage,sexual offences, fraud etc)

PSNI statistics branchwww.psni.police.uk/index/statistics_branch.htm

District command unit area,ward level, and area coveredby each police station

Information on localised policing surveys which have been performed can be obtainedfrom local District Policing Partnerships ( www.districtpolicing.com/).

Number of women seekinghelp for domestic violence

Women’s Aid federationwww.niwaf.org/

Numbers collected for eachrefuge centre

2.8) Essential ServicesInformation Where to source this

information


Number and type of incidences attended by thefire brigade

Northern Ireland Fire BrigadeHQ – Statistics Branchwww.nifb.org.uk/

Recorded per fire stationeach month – available onrequest

Ambulance service provision Ambulance service headquarterswww.niamb.co.uk/

4 divisional control centres inNorthern Ireland

Location of police stationsand district command units.Opening times for the public

for each police station.

PSNI websitewww.psni.police.uk/

Individual police station

Northern Ireland.

Each police station

Policing in partnership withthe community (in a number of areas inspectors employedby the district council work inpartnership and performsjoint patrols with policeofficers to tackle issues suchas anti-social behaviour)

Community Policing Unit within district command units

N/A

Number of road traffic fatalities

PSNI statistics branchwww.psni.police.uk/index/statistics_branch.htm

District command unit –figures are not available at ward level



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2.9) Education


information


Population by range of qualifications

NISRA (Census Output –qualifications and studentstable)www.nisra.gov.uk/census/Census2001Output/ KeyStatistics/keystatrep.html


Destination of school leavers(into higher, further education, or employment/unemployment)

Department of Education(DENI)www.deni.gov.uk

Electoral ward level, school –available on request

Uptake of free school meals NISRA, GIS Neighbourhoodstatisticswww.ninis.nisra.gov.uk/

Electrical ward level andabove

Number of children with

special needs

Education and Library Board

for the area

Per school

Current provision of further education courses beingdelivered in the area

The following website addressprovides links to a wide rangeof colleges, universities,education sites, awardingbodies, and educationalbodieshttp://www.fento.org/nations_ regions/n_ireland.html

N/A

Independent providers of adult education – provision of courses

Workers EducationAssociation (WEA) – e.g.building communities;essential skills; creativelearning and opportunities for women learningwww.wea-ni.comNICVA – e.g. management development courseswww.nicva.org/

N/A

The community steering group should be able to provide information on localconcerns re provision of education services or access to these services.

Library services available andusage of library services

The following websiteprovides information on thelocation and contact detailsfor all the libraries in

Northern Ireland, as well asinformation on life longlearning and links toeGovernment:www.ni-libraries.net/Information re the usage of library services can beobtained from theappropriate Education andLibrary Board for the area

N/A



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2.10) Voluntary, Community and Private Provision


information


Provision of unpaid health

care

NISRA (Census Output

–health and provision of unpaid care table)www.nisra.gov.uk/censusCensus2001Output/KeyStatist ics/keystatrep.html

Electoral Ward level; output

level; local District Council;Health and Social ServiceBoards; Education and LibraryBoards; ParliamentaryConstituency

Nursing and residential homeprovision –number of placesavailable

Health and Social ServicesTrust – community care unit

Per nursing/residential home

Lone parents in employment NISRA (Census Output –lone parent households withdependent children table)www.nisra.gov.uk/censusCensus2001Output/KeyStatist ics/


Number of childmindersversus the child population,and overall re-schoolprovision

Health and Social ServicesTrusts

Electoral ward level, trust andboard level

Voluntary provision of services for children

Some examples include: Surestart, Lifestart, Youth ActionNI

N/A

Voluntary provision of services for older people

Some examples include: AgeConcern - they have daycentres throughout theprovince.Engage with Age – workingin East Belfast;Help the Aged workingregionally.Housing Associations providesupported housing for theelderly.

N/A

The community steering group should assist in collating a full list ofvoluntary/community groups working in the local area as well as communitynetworks.

2.11) Health and Social Services Provision


information


Information on the location of GP surgeries and hospitals;role of the health boards,health agencies e.g. actioncancer and health councils;links to the DHSSPS;information on how to find ahealth service dentist;information on pharmaciesand local health and socialcare groups (LHSCG’s).

All of this information isavailable on the followingwebsite:www.healthandcareni.co.uk/index.html- it also provides links toother relevant websites.

In addition, local health andsocial care group (LHSCG)primary care investment plans often give more specific information on the serviceprovision in their area.

Provision in the whole of Northern Ireland

Location of communityservices at a local health andsocial service trust (HSST)

area – e.g. services for adults,children, mental healthservices and services for thosewith a disability.

Links to HSS trusts can befound through the followingwebsite:

www.healthandcareni.co.uk/index.html

Links to 12 HSS trusts on thiswebsite

Local concerns or issues relating to health and social care provision can beobtained from the community steering group.

Number of hospital episodes NISRA – GIS neighbourhoodstatisticswww.ninis.nisra.gov.uk/

Ward area and above

Out of hours GP services www.asadoc .com – GPcooperative covering CountyDown, Armagh, Tyrone andFermanagh.www.dalriadadoc.org.uk – GPcooperative covering theNorthern health and socialservices board area.www.ehssc.org/outofhours7.ht m – provides information onthe doctor on call services inthe Eastern health and socialservices board area

N/A



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2.12) Leisure and Recreation Services


information


Leisure, recreation and

sporting services availablethrough the district council

Local district council – links to

all the district councils can befound through the followingwebsite:www.oultwood.com/localgov/northernireland.htm

A number of district councilsprovide a full listing of services on their website.

District council

Tourist attractions in the areaand visitors to theseattractions – affects the localeconomy.

Events attracting touristsorganised by the district council

Local district council – links toall the district councils can befound through the followingwebsite:www.oultwood.com/localgov/northernireland.htm

District council

Local views on the availability and access to leisure services in the area can beobtained from the community steering group.



Belfast Healthy Cities3rd Floor, Gordon House,

22-24 Lombard Street,Belfast BT1 1RD

Tel: +44 028 9032 8811Fax: +44 028 9032 8333

Email: [email protected]: www.belfasthealthycities.com

This publication is available to downloadfrom Belfast Healthy Cities’ website at

HYPERLINK “http://www.belfasthealthycities.com/”

www.belfasthealthycities.com

Documents

Developing a Community Profile - BHC Ireland - 2004