Determination of Inter- and Intra-Laminar G IIc and G IIc in GRP Pipes… 23 June 2015 ECCM14, Budapest 1 Determination of Inter- and Intra-Laminar G Ic

Determination of Inter- and Intra-Laminar GIIc and GIIc in GRP Pipes…18 April 2023 ECCM14, Budapest 1

Determination of Inter- and Intra-Laminar GIc and GIIc in GFRP Pipes Using an Hybrid Numerical/Experimental Methodology

5th International Conference on Composites Testing and Model Identification14-16 February 2011, Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland

Hugo Faria Marcelo F. S. F. de Moura

Determination of Inter- and Intra-Laminar GIIc and GIIc in GRP Pipes…18 April 2023 2

Porto, Portugal

CompTest2011, Lausanne


Faculty of Engineering

Faculty of Sport

Faculty of Dental Medicine

Faculty of Economy

INEGI

Faculty of Medicine

Faculty of Psychology

INESC



Overview

• Introduction

• Background

• Numerical/Experimental Methodology

• Results

• Conclusions

• Present and Future Work



Introduction Context


Recent projects conducted by INEGI/FEUP related to GFRP Pipes:

• (2000-2005) FP5 Project – “GRP Design & Test”• co-normative project (EN1227; EN1447; EN705; …);• short-, medium- and long-term mechanical tests (<10000h).

• (2003-2006) FCT Project – “Previsão Propriedades Longo Prazo Tubagens PRFV”• material characterization tests;• test data extrapolation methods;• numerical modelling.

• (2004-2005) MSc Thesis – “Failure Behaviour of GFRP Pipes Under Ring Deflection Loading Condition”

• (2008-2010) Real Production Tests• Monitoring and Optimization of the winding of large GFRP pipes


Introduction Objectives


The main objectives of this work are:

• correct modelling of the “macroscopic” behaviour of GFRP Pipes up to failure under two loading cases: internal pressure and ring deflection;

• correct modelling of the damage phenomena leading to failure at the meso-scale;

• determination of the physical parameters governing the damage behaviour;

• validation of the ability to develop reallistic models for curved laminates, in view of more complex models and applications.


Background Typical Loading Cases


Under-Soil Pipings

EN1226

EN1227

Pressurized Flow Pipings

EN1447


Background Composite Laminates Damage Modelling


σ = D δ

σ = ( I – E ) D δ

Cohesive Elements


Numerical/Experimental Methodology Specimens


Specifications of the sample pipes used in this study

parameter Internal Pressure / Ring Deflection

nominal diameter (DN) [mm] 300 / 500

nominal ring stiffness (SN) [N/m2] 5000 / 10000

nominal pressure (PN) [bar] 10 / n/a

specimens length (L) [mm] 1300 / 300

average wall thickness [mm] 6.575 / 10.450

type of reinforcement E glass-fibre

type of matrix unsaturated poliester (UP)

elastic-aparent modulus [GPa] 22.5

hoop tensle strength [MPa] 200 / 300

number of layers 5 / 12

construction typecontinuous filament winding + intermediate

deposition of glass-fibre mat

winding angle 90º (hoop)


Numerical/Experimental Methodology Testing Campaigns


Internal Pressure Tests


Numerical/Experimental Methodology Testing Campaigns


Ring Deflection Tests


Assumptions


Numerical/Experimental Methodology

29kg

Assumption: pipes with 90º oriented layers can be properly modelled in 2D

52,5º

90º

3D model – 1 layer ±α

Verification: pipes with 90º oriented layers don’t present edge effects and therefore have longitudinally uniform behaviour


Assumptions


Assumption: due to the axissymmetry of the pipe section, it can be modelled through an hal-section



Assumptions


Assumption: due to the axissymmetry of the pipe section, it can be modelled through an hal-section



2D Models



σ = D δ

σ = ( I – E ) D δ


2D models




Results Ring Deflection


buckling of outer plies

Progression of fibre rupture through the cross charged section


Results Ring Deflection


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Relative Deflection [%]

Rin

g F

orc

e [k

N]

experimental

numerical GIc*/GIc=500




Results Internal Pressure



Results Internal Pressure


t

p

2

exp

erim

enta

l fa

ilu

re


Results Critical Fracture Energies


0.2 kJ/m2 < GId < 0.3 kJ/m2

0.45 < GId / GIId < 0.50

400 < GIf/GId < 600


Conclusions


• FEM models able to simulate quantitatively and qualitatively the behaviour of GFRP pipes up to failure under internal pressure and ring deflection loading were successfully established ;

• the slope of the “macro-curves” P-d and P-σθ is determined by the elastic-apparent modulus, E1, and the thickness, t;

• the “failure initiation” point is determined by GIf , GId e σu;

• the experimental/numerical methodology allows an easier determination of the critical values for the energy release rates of these curved laminates


Present and Future Work


• experimental measurement of the stress/strain state for comparison;

• generalization/validation of the methodology in other types of GFRP pipes and laminates;

• generalization/validation of the methodology for other loading cases;

• refine the study in order to reduce the range of admissibility for GIf, and GId;


Acknowledgments

• Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)

• Growth Programme of FP5 (EC)

• Prof. Rui M. Guedes



THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION



Discussion

?

SEAFLOOR

COMET

Hugo [email protected]

ModEFil



Numerical Modelling of the Filament Winding Process

Projects Overview

ModEFil



Projects Overview

COMETSteel Liner | GF/PP

Domestic Gas Container

OP: 8 bar | TP: 30 bar | BP: > 60 bar



Projects Overview

SEAFLOOR

Steel Liner | Biocompatible Internal Layer | CF/Epoxy

Hyperbaric Chamber

OP: 200 bar | TP: 320 bar | BP: > 600 bar



Projects Overview

PE Liner | Metallic Ends | GF/UP

Water Tank

OP: 06 bar | TP: 15 bar

RESCOMPRE



Projects Overview

Online Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of Composite Overwrapped Pressure Vessels

(COPV)

SENSEFIL



Projects Overview

Numerical Simulation of the Failure Behaviour of GFRP Wound Pipes GFRPSIM



Projects Overview

Cohesive Interface Elements

Numerical Simulation of the Failure Behaviour of GFRP Wound Pipes GFRPSIM

0

5

10

15

20

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Relative Deflection [%]

Rin

g F

orc

e [k

N]

spec_C4

Srup-fibres=200MPa_E1=10.5GPa_GIf/GId=500_t=12mm





Projects Overview

GF/UP | Thickness: < 250 µm

THINCO


Documents

Determination of Inter- and Intra-Laminar G IIc and G IIc in GRP Pipes… 23 June 2015 ECCM14, Budapest 1 Determination of Inter- and Intra-Laminar G Ic