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Det CO2 neutrale armatur

Poulsen, Peter Behrensdorff

Publication date:2013

Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of record

Link back to DTU Orbit

Citation (APA):Poulsen, P. B. (2013). Det CO2 neutrale armatur [Sound/Visual production (digital)]. Copenhybrid, Denmark,06/11/2013

http://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/det-co2-neutrale-armatur(f8e5d7fe-f9ae-460b-955e-37e1bb13f8ca).html

6. november 2013

CO2 neutralt armatur – CopenHybrid

Peter Poulsen – Projektleder - DTU Fotonik RISØ Campus

ELFORSK Projektnr. 343-021

http://www.philips.dk/index.page

Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer”

6. november 2013 6. november 2013

Danmark Tekniske Universitet

2

5000 ansatte Ca. 7.500 studerende




DTU Fotonik - organisering

3

>200 Ansatte >50 ph.d. studerende Arbejder med alle aspekter af lys Diode Laser & LED Systems • The Laser Team • The LED Team




LED Teamet ved DTU Fotonik – RISØ Campus

4



6. november 2013

Vores solcelleforskning

Radia

tion

Source(s) Optisk modellering Optiske systemer PV systemer

• Elektronik • Lager • Køling

Energioptimering


http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&docid=jk7KRhDO4fu0PM&tbnid=JMxZ3nvY6OzvJM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.clker.com/clipart-lightbulb-3.html&ei=FrFjUoHGHoWY4wSC3IDoCA&bvm=bv.54934254,d.bGE&psig=AFQjCNHWN3awaP6OR0uwOhSyMtWUpGTZ1g&ust=1382351474776289

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&docid=6A75JVDczfeNAM&tbnid=mB7ZjNsoRQ3etM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.wonderfulwaterloo.com/showthread.php?t=644&page=8&ei=o7JjUtr9C8me4gSM4IGwCQ&bvm=bv.54934254,d.bGE&psig=AFQjCNEhWc9gyhjDVPJfNQ4A81Q5btQYKw&ust=1382351866889614

http://www.google.dk/imgres?biw=1920&bih=924&tbm=isch&tbnid=JgHbOtw8_RzdGM:&imgrefurl=http://www.illustrationsof.com/210266-royalty-free-urban-clipart-illustration&docid=Lh1NJ9DyCb-7dM&imgurl=http://www.illustrationsof.com/royalty-free-urban-clipart-illustration-210266.jpg&w=400&h=420&ei=5rJjUunvOcPI4ASq-4H4Bg&zoom=1&ved=1t:3588,r:25,s:0,i:161&iact=rc&page=1&tbnh=180&tbnw=171&start=0&ndsp=36&tx=124&ty=91

http://www.google.dk/imgres?start=140&biw=1920&bih=924&tbm=isch&tbnid=c7O78Vw9uNotpM:&imgrefurl=http://www.lampsplus.com/products/lamp-shades/&docid=VPo3IqwzPdnzMM&imgurl=http://image.lampsplus.com/is/image/R2639.fpx%3Fqlt%3D65%26wid%3D236%26hei%3D236%26fmt%3Djpeg&w=236&h=236&ei=PLNjUqX8J6PC4gTX74HoCA&zoom=1&ved=1t:3588,r:90,s:100,i:274&iact=rc&page=4&tbnh=188&tbnw=188&ndsp=58&tx=115&ty=100

http://www.google.dk/imgres?sa=X&biw=1920&bih=924&tbm=isch&tbnid=gHqYl6nENAWELM:&imgrefurl=http://www.pvsolarchina.com/difference-between-monocrystalline-polycrystalline-and-amorphous-thin-film-solar-cell.html&docid=UFO2ISoC4eIskM&imgurl=http://www.pvsolarchina.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/Difference-between-monocrystalline-polycrystalline-and-Amorphous-thin-film-solar-cell.jpg&w=563&h=312&ei=zLRjUrb0JsPJ4ASRgoGABw&zoom=1&ved=1t:3588,r:21,s:0,i:152&iact=rc&page=1&tbnh=167&tbnw=294&start=0&ndsp=31&tx=173&ty=65

http://www.google.dk/imgres?start=69&sa=X&biw=1920&bih=924&tbm=isch&tbnid=tv2aWOnXFu_SnM:&imgrefurl=http://www.sp.edu.sg/solar_rep/www.solar-repository.sg/index.php/solar-info.html&docid=0nb9WkpsS30vPM&imgurl=http://www.sp.edu.sg/solar_rep/www.solar-repository.sg/images/stories/solarbasic04.jpg&w=530&h=346&ei=L7VjUrnQI-aZ4wSJwIHgCA&zoom=1&ved=1t:3588,r:9,s:100,i:31&iact=rc&page=3&tbnh=180&tbnw=277&ndsp=41&tx=223&ty=122

http://www.google.dk/imgres?start=198&biw=1920&bih=924&tbm=isch&tbnid=A1JpHkeCzhvi1M:&imgrefurl=http://www.printedelectronicsworld.com/articles/organic-photovoltaics-forecasts-for-the-next-decade-00004501.asp&docid=mzq4PQ07viKRHM&imgurl=http://www.printedelectronicsworld.com/images/v5/articles/820x615/main4501.jpg&w=820&h=615&ei=eLZjUum7Ecev4AT_54CYBw&zoom=1&ved=1t:3588,r:32,s:200,i:100&iact=rc&page=6&tbnh=192&tbnw=259&ndsp=38&tx=139&ty=84



Elsystemet

6

Energiproduktionen rykker tættere på brugerne




Hvad er et hybridsystem?

7




Vision

1. Can a hybrid system be developed full filling the needs of the Danish Municipalities?

2. Is there a business model?

• Stand alone solution

– Installation, pole, luminaire = free

– No cabling

– Free energy

– Wind turbine, solar panel, battery

8




9

Size

Pri

ce p

r. W




Producers

Specialists

Society driven innovation

10

Users

Internationally leading research

Sweet spot





Project contents

Screening of commercial hybrid systems

Purchase and installation of the 5 best commercial systems on RISØ

Characterization of energy systems

Logging on the energy systems

Mathematical model

Feedback from commercial systems

Validation of mathematical model

Analysis of energy systems and components in commercial lamps

Mapping the potential energy as a function of street lighting class

Select street lighting class for the design process

Lab model

Mock up

Renderings

Reporting

11




Phase 1 of larger project

12

• Phase 1

– Analyzing and modelling

• Phase 2

– Prototyping

– Optimization

– Implementation

Phase 1 Phase 2

Ma

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on




Screening of hybrid system market

• 29 hybrid systems identified (January 1st 2012)

• Official document

– Director Center for Traffic CPH

– Price

– Delivery time

– Data sheets

• Suppliers

– Primarily in China (some with EU sales office)

– 2 USA

– 2 Canada

– 2 Korea

– 1 France

13

Primarily wind turbine suppliers




14

20 October 2015 Win

de

la

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an

Gre

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En

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y

So

lav

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JL C

arb

on

Fre

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ing

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ne

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Win

dre

x

Response to mail ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

PV power ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

PV technology ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

PV size ∙ ∙ ∙

Placement ∙

PV characteristics ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

Wind power ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

Wind technology ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

Rotor size ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

Rated wind speed ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

Power curve available ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

Cut in wind speed ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

Cut out wind speed ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

Start up wind speed ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

Survival wind speed ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

Blade material ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

Noise level ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

Light power ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

Light technology ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

Light output ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

Light efficiency ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

Light horizontal plane ∙ ∙ ∙

Color temperature ∙ ∙ ∙

Color rendering index ∙ ∙ ∙

Covered area ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

Battery capacity ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

Battery technology ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

Number of batteries ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

# of days without wind+sun ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

Lights # of hours ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

Pole height ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

Cost ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

Voltage level ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙




4 commercial systems was chosen

• Delivery time

• Rotor types

• Specifications

• Different distributors

• Different parts of the world

15



6. november 2013 China Green Power

16



6. november 2013 United Electricity

17



6. november 2013 Urban Green Energy

18



6. november 2013 Nheolis

19




20

20 October 2015




21

20 October 2015




22

20 October 2015




23




24




25




Test platform for hybrid systems

26


http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=savonius+wind+turbine+clipart&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=I5XjGuaglVuydM&tbnid=1fqUk6vdqYhCPM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://holisticlifestylecommunityblog.blogspot.com/2012/02/sustainable-living.html&ei=XbVKUYSTBsXStQaFj4HIBw&bvm=bv.44158598,d.Yms&psig=AFQjCNH-9GWPJqCrYzY_egU1kanJLdAb6A&ust=1363936972437181

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=electronics+box&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=8pxj3tZTOah_uM&tbnid=Yq9udlXWNFNsXM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.xbitlabs.com/articles/multimedia/display/ocz-nia_3.html&ei=O7hKUa-OL4nYtAaosICIBA&psig=AFQjCNG6CozH1s4d_HVZbUUUdibeIiSF1g&ust=1363937654764727

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=street+lighting+luminaire&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=7hKrP5XSJSn01M&tbnid=2WorEHpUyQVAKM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.apollolighting.co.uk/products/Exterior/Highway 1/&ei=RrlKUZioFZHntQb7mIHYBQ&psig=AFQjCNFsSphnMJrWU-Lf23WOuw56VHLIeg&ust=1363937947835946


6. november 2013 Nheolis

27

Lamp Effekt forbrug

Color Rendering

Correlated Color Temperature

Duv

Neohybrid 60 W 73.0 7202 0.0073 (false) China Green Energy 61.5 W 74.4 6663 0.0010 (true) United Electricity 83.2 4693 0.0041 (true)



6. november 2013 China Green Power

28

Lamp Effekt forbrug

Color Rendering


Duv




6. november 2013 United Electricity

29

Lamp Effekt forbrug

Color Rendering


Duv




6. november 2013

30

About 6600 K




Wind turbine power curves

31

• Average wind speed in the urban environment: 1,5 m/s

• Challenges in turbine design and generator design




Wind turbine power curves

• Average wind speed in the urban environment: 1,5 m/s

• Challenges in turbine design and generator design

32




Solar panels

33




Batteries

• Very cheap lead acid battires

• 1 VRLA battery

• Short life time

34




Energibalance

35

0 20 40 60 80

Time (Days from start)

0

10

20

30

40

En

ergy

Wind energy 40.0 KWh Generated (Estimation incl losses)PV energy 5.8 KWh GeneratedLed Energy 36.1 KWh ConsumedBattery energy 9.7 KWh

Mast 1




Energibalance

36

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Time (Days from start)

0

20

40

60

En

ergy

Wind energy 52.2 KWh GeneratedPV energy 2.4 KWh GeneratedLed Energy 61.0 KWh ConsumedBattery energy -1.6 KWh

Mast 3




Masts – deliveries - mechanics

• Extremely interesting deliveries (mast 1 had it all)

– Mast 2 (without battery, mast, fittings, wiring - all in Chinese)

– Mast 3 (lamp did not work - all in Chinese)

– Mast 4 (without batteries, wires, brackets - all in Chinese)

• Mast 2 - damaged bearing after a week (change)

• Systems corrode violently

37




Delkonklusion markedsanalyse

• Umodent marked – primært domineret af kinesiske leverandører

• Virksomheder sælger små vindmøller

• Uoptimerede tekniske løsninger

• Uegnede til danske vejr

• UrbanGreenEnergy virker som en seriøs leverandør

38




State of the art - benchmarking

• Challenges on the delivery side – missing components

• Documentation

• Optimization of the wind turbine unit (generator starting at lower torque, gears, etc.)

• Optimization of solar panels (primarily the electronics – angling)

• Better LED units (CCT = 3500-4000, higher CRI)

• Better batteries

• Optimization of controller unit (intelligence)

• Optimization of mechanical system

– Weatherability

– Strength

• Better design!!!

39




Mathematical model

40

Mathematical Model

Solar data

Wind data

LED energy use

Solar panel area, angle, orientation

Rotor area, placement, rotor type

Battery capacity

+ lighting requirement+ GPS coordinates

Battery tech.




Mathematical model

41



6. november 2013

Street classes in Copenhagen

42


Red: ”Regionale veje” Dark blue: ”Fordelingsgader” Light blue: ”Bydelsgader” Orange: ”Strøggader” Dark gray: ”Lokalgader”

E2 veje



6. november 2013

Wind energy – street classes

43



6. november 2013

Wind energy – street classes

44



6. november 2013

Solar energy- street classes

45



6. november 2013

Potential for hybrid street lighting

46




Energibalance - NHEOLIS

47




Energibalance - ChinaGreenEnergy

48




Energibalance – United Electricity

49




Energibalance - UrbanGreenEnergy

50




Energibalance Windella

51




Delkonklusion matematisk modelværktøj

• Stærkt dimensioneringsværktøj/simuleringsværktøj tilvejebragt

• Designprocessen af eget hybridsystem

• Valideres for nuværende med data fra kommercielle systemer

• Gennemsnitsbetragtninger

• Udbygning - punktbetragtninger

– Google Grabber

– Interface med arkitektsoftware

– API

52




Design frame

• E2 roads

• Lighting

– Max 350 Wh/day

– Illuminated area 30x13 m

– 80% light falls on the street

– 85 lumens/watt (3000 K)

– 2 x 32 LED units Philips

– Driver Philips

• Wind

– Savonius

– 2,3 m2

• Generator

– Dia 30 cm, height 15 cm

• Solar panels

– 150 Wp

53




E2 - Lokalvej

• 2,5 lux (hemisferisk illuminans) = 1900 lm

• Farvetemperatur på 3000 K

• Ra-værdi > 80

54

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7kWh

Månedligt energiforbrug

13,4 W (140 lm/W) 16,7 W (112 lm/W)




CopenHybrid vs internationalt state of the art

55




Challenges in phase 2

• Wind energy optimization unit (generator starting at low torque, MPPT on electronics, gear)

• Optimization of solar cell unit (primarily electronics)

• Adjusting the LED unit and implementation of intelligent control

• Optimizing battery pack

• Optimizing the electronics

• Optimization of mathematical modeling system for the design of systems

• Optimization of mechanical engineering / design

– Weatherability

– Strength

– Production

56




Konklusion

• Afdækning af kommercielle systemer

– Design, Energisystem – forbrug - vejr, Rotordesign, Kvalitet

– Elektriske system, Generator

• Matematisk modelsystem

– Vurdere potentialet for kommercielle systemer

– Designe nye systemer

– Feed back fra kommercielle systemer

• Mapping af energipotentiale som funktion af vejklasse/øko.

• Designproces/Funktionsmodel

• Kan et hybridsystem fungere i dansk context:

– Ja, men er worst case i forhold til resten af verden

• Er der en forretningsmodel?

– Ja, Kabling er ekstremt dyrt. Solceller billige, LED eff, sensorer.

– Eksportpotentiale stort

• Fase 2 ansøgt ELFORSK/EUDP

– Generator, energisystem, optimering, produktionsmodning

– Investorer

57




Tak til ELFORSK

ELFORSK 343-021 - CO2 neutralt byrumsarmatur

Tak for jeres opmærksomhed!

58


Documents

Det CO2 neutrale armatur - COnnecting REpositories · Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Dec 21, 2017 Det CO2 neutrale armatur Poulsen, Peter Behrensdorff Publication date: 2013 Document