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Design&PlanforMaintenance:ASTAMP-basedDissimilarityIndicator
forRailways
aDrMariaMikelaChatzimichailidouaDrArnabMajumdarbDrAlbertoMarDneEb,cProfLeoVanDongen
aImperialCollegeLondon,UK,DepofCivil&EnvEng,LRFTransportRiskManagementCentrebUniversityofTwente,NL,DepofDesign,ProducDon&Management,MaintenanceEngcNS-NedTrain,NL
ImperialCollegeLondon&Lloyd’sRegisterFoundaDon
TheProject§ Partners- ImperialCollegeLondon,UK- UniversityofTwente,NL- LuleaTechnicalUniversity,SE
§ DuraDon:October2016-June2018
§ 1stprojectmeeDng:March2017
ICL&LRF
[email protected] March‘17– MITSTAMPWS
ImportanceofMaintenance§ Inadequatemaintenanceàdisastrousconsequencesforlife&
property(Zerbstetal,2005)
§ Lifecyclecostsofrollingstock:highestcostsformaintenance≈1.5Dmes>newbuildingcar(VanDongen,2016)
§ Whysohigh?Withdrawalofcoachescauseshighcost,complaints&displeasure[Ex.LondonUnderground,3rdDec2016]
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ICL&LRF
§ (a)Fragmented(e.g.rollingstock,depots&tools;wide-spread);(b)highly(ifnotenDrely)dependentonhumanexperts
§ (a)Nodesignfocusonmaintainability;(b)nocriDcal&frequentqualitychecksonproduct
§ End-userdoesnotparDcipateinthedesign&producDonprocess§ RetrospecDvemeasures:nodesiredprojectresultsàmakechanges§ UnderesDmatedimpactofmaintainer&operatorindesign&
producDonprocessØ Latemaintenanceàhighcosts;longleadDmesofrepairs;safety
Maintenanceas-isICL&LRF
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RailwayObjecDves§ Design&planformaintenance
§ Dynamicmaintenanceplanning;constantajenDonVSiniDalinvestment
§ Usewarningindicators;diagnosesymptoms&failures;real-Dmemonitoring(i.e.GOTCHAsystem)
§ Maintenancemanagementshallunderstandvarious“error”producingcondiDons&serveasaninputtomodifypolicies&developbejerguidelinesforrailwaymaintenancetasks
ICL&LRF
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“Thecorevalueofmaintenancedecisionmakingisthedetermina5onofthevaluesofallop5onsthedecisionmakerhastomakegoodtrade-offsbetweentheavailableop5ons”(Tiddensetal,2015)
“Advancedmaintenancetechniquesareprac5cesthatcansupportmaintenancedecisionmakingbytakingthecurrentandfuturestateofassetsintoaccount”(Tiddensetal,2015)
“Uncertain5esinthetechniqueanduncertain5esintheinputdataleadtouncertain5esinthepredic5on”(Boetal.,2010)
“resultsfromthetechnique,namelydetec5on,diagnosisandprognosiscanbeusedtoop5misemaintenancedecisions”(Tiddensetal,2015)
“predic5onsareespeciallyusefulwhenthesystemdeteriora5onvariesbetweenthevariousopera5onalsitua5onstheassetisexposedto”(Tiddensetal,2015)
“Degrada5on-basedpredic5onsoffertheopportunitytoassessthecurrentstateoftheequipmentand,basedonthetrendingoftheprognos5cparameter,makees5ma5onsoftheremaininglife”(Tiddensetal,2015)
“thequalityofthepredic5onhastobevery-high.”(Tiddensetal,2015)
xDifferencebetweenthesystemas-imagined&
...
thesystemas-done
ProblemStatement
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ICL&LRF
Design&Maintenance
xAddressingmaintenanceretrospecDvely
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Maintenance
SafetyOperaDonalexcellenceDesign
DESIGNFORSAFETYICL&LRF
“MaintenanceEngineeringmakesconnec5ons”(VanDongen,2016)
TheNeedAnindicaDonofthedeviaDons,variability&thedifferencesbetweenthesystemstates/versionsaimingtoupdateoperators’(mental)models,adjust
thesystemprocesses&composiDon
ICL&LRF
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by‘dragging’maintenance&systemmodificaDonsclosertothedesignphase
àproac/vemaintenance-orientedmethodology
MaintenanceasaDriver
§ Maintenance-driven(re)designwithSTAMP
§ QuanDfythesystemstatesfortheenDresystem’slife-cycle§ Definethedesiredsystemstatetocomparewiththeactual
§ STPA&tools,e.g.ifunacceptableeventàCAST
ICL&LRF
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IndicaDonofDissimilarity
DisIn1DisIn3
DisIn4
DisIn2
ICL&LRF
(VanDongen,2016)
ICL&LRF
*Designers&Engineers
poolofrequirements
*Operators*Passengers *Suppliers&
Techavailability
*Maintenance(STPA,CAST)
*Safety&Security(STPA,
STPA-sec)
*Humanfactors(EWaSAP,Dokasetal,2013)
*Businessanalysts&Lawers
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Ideally
NextSteps1.Definethestatusestobecompared
§ Thedesiredsystem- STPA&toolslistsafety,security,maintenance,humanfactors
requirements- Listotherrequirements(e.g.stakeholders,designers&engineers,
analysts&lawyers)àbringasapallinterestedparDestothetable
§ Thesystemas-is:matchittothedesiredone2.CalculatetheDisInd(s)3.Interpretthevalues4.Developastrategytorespondtodistantsystemstatuses
ICL&LRF
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AboutthisWork§ Preparatory&exploratory;notanotherapplicaDon,butasuggesDonofa
STAMP-basedstrategy&indicatorforrailwaymaintenance
§ DisInfollowstheRiskSOAP*logic;validaDonoftheraDonalemade
§ DisInbetweendifferentsystemstatusesasameasurementofthedeviaDonoftheonestatus(e.g.as-designed)fromtheother(e.g.as-built)
§ DisInsuccessivevaluesasanindicaDonofthesystem’sperformance,i.e.enhancementordegradaDonofsystemproperDesthroughoutitslife
*IntroducingRiskSOAPtocommunicatethedistributedsituaDonawarenessofasystemaboutsafetyissues:anapplicaDontoaroboDcsystem(ChatzimichailidouandDokas,Ergonomics,2015)
ICL&LRF
AddedValueforIndustriesMaketheManagementhappy!Distanceofsystemversionsfromtheirbenchmarkinasinglenumber;improvement&maintenancestrategy§ DisInasa:- selecDoncriterionbetweenalternaDveversionsofthesamesystem- decision-makingtoolwhenevaluaDngsystemchangeswithreferenceto
thebenchmarksystem- tooltoplansystemcomposiDonmodificaDonstoshortenthedistance
betweencomparedsystemstates/versions- criterionforevaluaDngmodificaDonsthatmightaffecttheminimum
acceptableperformancelevelofthesystemunderconsideraDon
ICL&LRF
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ThankyouquesDons&suggesDons
DrMikelaChatzimichailidou
[email protected]@gmail.comhjp://www.imperial.ac.uk/people/m.chatzimichailidou
ImperialCollegeLondon&Lloyd’sRegisterFoundaDon
