Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Design Strategies for Energy-
Efficient Multi-Storey Residential
Buildings
07th April 2015
Indore
2
Understanding electricity use in flats
- Delhi
3
Month-wise electricity use - Delhi
30-60% electricity used for space cooling
4
Understanding electricity use in flats
Flat Cooling appliances Cooling strategy during summer months
Flat A 1 air conditioner + 3 desert coolers + fans
Predominantly use of fans, desert cooler & natural ventilation. Air-conditioner used intermittently. Comfort temperature 26-30 oC
Flat B 1 air conditioner +2 desert coolers + fans
Apart from fans, 1 air conditioner used for around 8 hours per day
Flat C 3 Air Conditioners + fans
3 air-conditioners, used almost daily for 6-10 hours. Comfort temperature 22-24 oC
5
Why Energy Efficient Residential
Buildings ?
Over next 20 years
• Number of urban households expected to double. 300-400% increase in constructed area
• Electricity consumption in residential buildings is expected to increase seven-fold – Requirement to add 100,000 -
150,000 MW of new power generation capacity to meet the peak electricity demand due to growth in the use of room air-conditioners
Source: GBPN (2012), BEE (2011), LBNL (2013), Planning Commission
6
How to achieve energy efficiency in
residential buildings ?
Energy-Efficient Design
(Code, Rating, Guidelines,…)
Responsible user Behaviour
Energy-Efficient Appliances
(Labeling, super efficient appliances,…)
7 Indo-Swiss Building Energy Efficiency Project
Design Guidelines for Energy-
Efficient Residential Buildings
8
How the Guidelines were developed ?
Survey of electricity
consumption in ~800
households in NCR &
Time –series data
Detailed monitoring of sample households.
• space temperature and humidity
• Electricity consumption of space
conditioning equipment
Evaluation of potential energy- efficiency
strategies using various energy simulation
software (TRNSYS, DIVA, Autodesk® EcotectTM ,
SAM, RETScreen, …)
Formulation of guidelines
Development and validation of energy
simulation model for typical spaces, e.g.,
bedrooms, living rooms
Feedback over 1 year
Revision & Update
Study of
International
Experience &
Practices
9
Guidelines - Scope
Building Massing
Building Envelope
Space Cooling Systems
Appliances
Common Services
Renewable Energy
• 15 recommendations presented under 6
sections
•The general concepts of the recommendations provided in the guidelines are not new and are known to the designers. The guidelines presents them in a systematic manner, quantifying potential energy savings possible through individual/combination of measures
10
Guidelines- Aim
Business As Usual
Passive Measures Energy
Efficiency in Cooling & Appliances Renewable Energy
Generation
EPI
100%
∽75%
∽50%
∽20%
11
Adopt passive measures : Package 1
(No or low-cost measures)
+ +
Light colors on wall
(absorptivity: 0.4)
Window shades with overhangs
with side extension
Optimized natural ventilation
200 mm AAC Blocks/hollow
clay blocks (0.7-1.0 W/m2.K)
+
(∽20% reduction in cooling thermal energy)
12
Adopt passive measures :Package 2
(external movable shading)
Package 1 Measures +
Sliding shutter Hinged and top rolling
shutters
(∽ 40% reduction in cooling thermal energy)
13
Adopt passive measures : Package 3
+
insulated cavity wall
0.5 W/m2.K
Double Clear Glazing
Improved Building
Tightness
(0.3 ACH)
+
Package 2 Measures +
(∽ 60 % reduction in cooling thermal energy)
14
Design kitchen for adequate day-lighting and good ventilation
15
Insulate the roof and provide reflective surface
150mm RCC slab
150mm RCC slab + Insulation+ Surface
treatment for reflection
16
Use Energy-Efficient/ BEE star labeled
appliances
• Select higher BEE star labeled
equipments and appliances
e.g. Transformers, Tubelights, ceiling fans,
air-conditioners, etc
17
Electricity use in common area
services
In this particular case, common area services accounted for almost 16% of the total electricity used by 92 flats. Lifts were the largest consumers of electricity.
18
Energy-Efficient Common Services
• Energy-efficient lighting design for common areas
a) Design for day-lighting of corridors, staircases, parking areas.
b) Incorporate energy-efficient artificial lighting features for both
indoor and outdoor areas
• Incorporate energy-efficiency design features in the lifts
a) Use LED/CFL for lighting
b) Provide auto switch-off for lights and ventilation fans
c) Use of VFD drives in motors
d) Consider feasibility of lifts having gearless system, regenerative
braking, etc.
• Design for energy-efficient pumping system
a) Select pump so that the head and flow parameter for the ‘Duty
Point’ matches with that of the ‘Best Efficiency Point’ of the pump.
b) Design piping so as to reduce frictional losses
19
Renewable Energy Integration
• Utilise rooftops for the generation
of hot water and/or electricity
using solar energy
a) In most cases, for multi-storey
residential buildings up to 12 storeys,
community solar water heating systems
on the roof can meet around 70% of
the annual electricity requirement for
heating water
b) For highly energy-efficient residential
buildings (overall EPI < 30 kWh/
m2/year) of up to 4 storey, it is
possible to generate enough electricity
over a year through rooftop solar PV to
meet all electricity requirements.
20
Summary
21
Team
Core Team
• BEE
– Sanjay Seth, Girja Shankar
• SDC
– Veena Joshi, Anand Shukla
• Effin’Art Sarl
– Dario Aiulfi, Dominique Chuard,
Kira Cusack, Pierre Jaboyedoff
• Greentech Knowledge Solutions
– Prashant Bhanware, Saswati
Chetia, Kanagaraj Ganesan,
Dheeraj Lalchandani, Sameer
Maithel
Assisted by
– Ashok B Lall Architects
• Ashok B Lall, Charu
Ahluwalia, Smita Chaniwala,
Shweta Manchanda
– Tara Niman Kendra
• Ashraya Arora, Akash Bagchi,
Tanu Bhatt, Pankaj Khanna,
Ritu Malhotra, Amol
Mangrulkar
– Virendra Kothari
– Vijay Matange
22 Indo-Swiss Building Energy Efficiency Project
Technical Support available
from BEEP
• Download the design guidelines from www.beepindia.org
• If you want a hard copy or you want us to mail you a soft copy [email protected]
• If you want to avail free technical assistance in the form of design charrette [email protected]
