Design for Six Sigma Slides

8/12/2019 Design for Six Sigma Slides

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2014. Dr. Jos Carlos Miranda


DESIGN FOR SIX SIGMA


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SIX SIGMA

Standard DeviationDefects per Million

OpportunitiesSuccess rate

1 Sigma 690,000 31%

2 Sigma 308,000 69.2%

3 Sigma 66,800 93.3%

4 Sigma 6,210 99.4%

5 Sigma 230 99.97%

6 Sigma 3.4 99.99966%


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SIX SIGMA

4.5sigma

4.5sigma

1.5sigma

1.5sigma

ProcessMean

LSL USL

Motorola Interpretation of Six Sigma (after Yang & El-Haik, 2003).


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IF THE U.S.A. HAD 3.8 SIGMA

The US Mail will lose 20,000 articles every hour.

5,000 surgical procedures will go bad every week. 4 accidents will occur every day at major airports.


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SIX SIGMA

The a Six Sigma project, five stages are used to improve aprocess (DMAIC): Definethe problem and customer requirements Measurethe defects and process operation

Analyzethe data and discover causes of the problem

Improvethe process to remove causes of defects Controlthe process to make sure defects don t appear again.


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SIX SIGMA

It is a downstreamoperation, meaning that it takes placeafter the product or process has been designed.

Six Sigma cannot help if a company is trying to fulfill customerneeds -and therefore achieve customer satisfaction- with thewrong product or service.


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Is a systematic methodologyusing tools, training, and

measurementsto enable the designof products, services andprocesses that meet customer expectations at Six Sigma

quality levels. DFSS optimizes your design processto achieve sixsigma performance and integrates characteristics of Six Sigma at

the outset of new product development with a disciplined set oftools (Brue, 2003).



SIX SIGMA VS. DFSS

$

+

0

DMAIC

IDDOV

Project Implementation

6

5

Gain obtained by DMAIC (Six Sigma) vs IDOV (Design for Six Sigma) approaches

(after Chowdhury, 2003).




It is a upstream operation, meaning that it takes placeduring the design phase of a product or process.

In a Design for Six Sigma project, four stages are carried out(IDOV):

IdentifyRequirements Definethe Design Optimizethe Design Validatethe Design



IDENTIFYREQUIREMENTS

In this stage customer needs are identified and converted intodesign specifications.

Minimum requirements are established and benchmarking is

used to detect gaps in current offer.

Critical-to-satisfaction requirements are defined.


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IDENTIFYREQUIREMENTS

Tools used: Market / Customer research Quality Function Deployment

Kano analysis

Risk Analysis



DEFINETHE DESIGN

In this stage concepts are generated. Then, concepts are selected to create a product that is

capable of achieving the desired design specifications.

The possible failures in the proposed design are evaluated and,if critical, corrected.



DEFINETHE DESIGN

Steps:1. Translate CTS requirements to design specifications2. Generate Design Alternatives3. Evaluate Design Alternatives4. Identify and eliminate potential failures in the product.



DEFINETHE DESIGN

Tools used: Quality Function Deployment

Functional Decomposition

Brainstorming, 6-3-5 method, Morphological charts, etc. TRIZ Pugh matrix, Criteria-Based Matrix

FMEA



OPTIMIZETHE DESIGN

Here the product is optimized according to selected criteriato achieve higher performance and lower cost.

An additional objective is to minimize the variability inperformance that the product can experience due to externalfactors.



OPTIMIZETHE DESIGN

Tools used: Design of Experiments

Robust Design

Response Surface Method

Reliability-based Design



VERIFYTHE DESIGN

Ensure that the product fulfils customer expectations bytesting, verifying and validating the design.


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VERIFYTHE DESIGN

Tools used: Process capability modelling Design of Experiments

Reliability testing


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CONCLUSIONS

DFSS is a powerful methodology to achieve Six Sigmaperformance in downstream operations.

DFSS is not Six Sigma in Design. DFSS is a combination of statistical analysis and design and

engineering methods.


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CONCLUSIONS

Although DFSS may involve a higher cost than Six Sigma, itsReturn-on-Investment is higher.

DFSS provides a framework to manage design anddevelopment projects that yield higher customer satisfaction.

DFSS is the gateway to true Six Sigma quality levels.

Documents

Design for Six Sigma Slides