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Design, Construction and Operation of a High Pressure Flow Loop Reactor for
Carbon Sequestration
S. J. GerdemannL. R. Penner
AIChE Annual MeetingNovember 16-21San Francisco
AIChE Annual MeetingNovember 16-20, 2003
Carbonation ReactionsMg2SiO4 + 2CO2(g) 2MgCO3 + SiO2
Olivine Magnesite
→
AIChE Annual MeetingNovember 16-20, 2003
Reaction Conditions
• 3-phase system: Gas/Liquid/Solid• 1.0 M NaCl & 0.64M NaHCO3 Solution• 15 – 30 % solids• 2500 psi• 200 oC
AIChE Annual MeetingNovember 16-20, 2003
PretreatedMineral Slurry
CarbonatedMineral
CompressedCO2
Heat TransferFluid
Each Straight SectionContains Static MixingElements
Proposed Conceptual Reactor(Pipe-Line Flow-Through Reactor)
AIChE Annual MeetingNovember 16-20, 2003
Loop Reactor
AIChE Annual MeetingNovember 16-20, 2003
Measurements• Flow Rate• System Pressure• Pressure Differentials
– Across mixers – Across pump
• Temperature• Extent of Reaction• Wear and Corrosion
AIChE Annual MeetingNovember 16-20, 2003
Design Tools• Test Bench: Clear PVC
tubing with static mixer and instrumented for pressure and flow– Component sizing– Determine minimum flow
rate– Observation of flow and
mixing– Pressure drop data– practice in filling and
draining systemMixer Test Bench
AIChE Annual MeetingNovember 16-20, 2003
Mixer
AIChE Annual MeetingNovember 16-20, 2003
Pump Requirements
• Handle 30% solids • Handle NaCl/NaHCO3 Solution• Withstand 2500 psi• Withstand 200oC• Flow rate of 10 to 20 l/m
AIChE Annual MeetingNovember 16-20, 2003
Pump Characteristics
• Magnetic Drive• 316 SS Casing• Single-Stage Regenerative Turbine• Variable-Speed Motor
AIChE Annual MeetingNovember 16-20, 2003
Slurry Pump
AIChE Annual MeetingNovember 16-20, 2003
HTHP Flow Loop Reactor
AIChE Annual MeetingNovember 16-20, 2003
0102030405060708090
0 500 1000 1500 2000Pump Speed, rpm
Exte
nt o
f Car
bona
tion,
% -200 mesh-400 mesh
Extent of Reaction
AIChE Annual MeetingNovember 16-20, 2003
0102030405060708090
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25Gas Volume/Total Volume
Exte
nt o
f Rea
ctio
n, %
Gas Liquid Ratio
AIChE Annual MeetingNovember 16-20, 2003
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600
Pump Speed, RPM
Pre
ssur
e dr
op, p
si
MixersPump
Pressure Drop
AIChE Annual MeetingNovember 16-20, 2003
New mixer
UsedMixer
Worn Ball Valve
WornBallSeat
Wear and Corrosion
AIChE Annual MeetingNovember 16-20, 2003
Conclusions
• Successful operation of high pressure, 3-phase reactor
• Extent of reaction exceed that obtained in batch autoclave tests
AIChE Annual MeetingNovember 16-20, 2003
AIChE Annual MeetingNovember 16-20, 2003
Mixers
Small bubbles
Coalescing bubbles
CO2 Blanket
Flow direction
