Design and Construction of a Stabilized Variable Power Supply

8/10/2019 Design and Construction of a Stabilized Variable Power Supply

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Innovative Systems Design and Engineering www.iiste.org

ISSN 2222-1727 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2871 (Onine)

!o."# No.$# 2%1&

1

Design and Construction of a Stabilize Variable Power Supply

Unit

'dean 'dedayo Oe1*

#+a,i ami.'riyo1# Egno,i ',iodn Isiaa

2'inn,i +/s 0imote

1.Department o/ Pysi3a and Eart S3ien3es# 4esey 5niversity o/ S3ien3e and 0e3noogy# Ondo# Ondo State

Nigeria

2.Department o/ Pysi3s# 6osood ',ioa Poyte3ni3# ',eota# Ogn State# Nigeria

.Department o/ Pysi3s# 'deyemi oege O/ Ed3ation# Ondo State# Nigeria

orresponding ator d9ones3ientist:yaoo.3om

Abstract

0e main o,e3tive o/ tis wor is to design and 3onstr3t a sta,ii;e varia,e power sppy nit wit a votage

range o/ %.2%v < 1".8"v and 3rrent range o/ % < 'mps (&"4) wit a very ow otpt impedan3e o/ %.%%8 oms.

4e aso stdy te regation 3ara3teristi3s o/ a 3onstr3ted power sppy nits to a 3ertain oad and ine

regation so as to determine its sta,iity ,y 3omparing it to a standard power sppy nit. 0est and anaysis were

3arried ot sing te 3onstr3ted power sppy nit to power oads (+eostat) o/ 12$oms 1' and 11oms &'.

0e maor 3omponents sed in3de transistors# regator =617.0e otpt measrements sowed tat te

power sppy was /n3tiona and te measred vaes gave minima variation /rom te nomina designed vaes.

0e deveoped otpt power sppy is m3 se/ in measrements# a,oratory wors and genera appi3ations

re>iring power sppy.

Keywords: varia,e power sppy nit# impedan3e# ine regation

1. !"#$%DUC#!%"

4it today?s te3noogi3a advan3ement# new miniatri;ed ee3tri3a and ee3troni3 prod3ts 3ontine to

emerge and tese prod3ts re>ire eiter a very ow ' sor3e or D sor3e /or teir operation@1A. 6any o/ teeBisting power sppy devi3es wit varios eves o/ 3ompeBities and sopisti3ation 3an ony give a singe D

otpt wi3 3annot serve te same prpose wen a very ow ' power otpt is greaty desired. Cen3e# te

need /or designing and deveoping an otpt power sppy tat 3an serve a da prpose o/ providing D and

' otpts o/ di//erent vaes /or se in miniatri;ed ee3tri3a and ee3troni3 appian3es as we as /or varios

domesti3 and a,oratory eBperimenta prposes@1###$#1%#11A. Power sppy nit is a /ndamenta nit inee3troni3s systems# wi3 prod3es a d3 otpt votage to te system. 0e simpest /orm o/ power sppy is tenregated power sppy wi3 prod3es a rippe d3 otpt. 0e se o/ regators wit te nregated power

sppy prod3es a very smoot d3. 0ese inds o/ power sppy are termed regated power sppy@"#7#1A.

0e 3onstr3tion o/ sta,ii;e varia,e power sppy nit in te department was prompted ,y navaia,iity# and

de/i3ien3y o/ te avaia,e one wi3 is re>ired /or eBperiments most espe3iay pysi3s and ee3troni3

eBperiments. 0e istory o/ power sppy to ee3troni3s as 3ased m3 attention to s3ientist and

ee3tri3aee3troni3 engineers on te design and 3onstr3tion o/ regated power sppy.Power sppy as gone trog modi/i3ation over te years nti te arriva o/ a nit to meet 3onsmers?

satis/a3tion. In 1$7# te S. F. S Gair3id designs a da power sppy sing te ;ener diode and Darington

transistor as sta,ii;ers@7A @Gair id FropsH 1$7A.

In 17# C. Osen# design a se3ond generation integrated 3ir3it (I) votage regator tat operate ,etween te

range o/ "vots at 2%6' or 7 < 2%vots at 1%%6' @1A.

F. =. 0ater in 17$@8A# design a power sppy sing te 6P 1%%% sper regator /or 1"v at 1%'. Ce sed two6otoroa positive votage regator ea3 aving a separate 18v < 2&v se3ondary winding o/ te

trans/ormer@0aterH 17$A. apa,iity o/ te overa pa3aged optoee3troni3 system# 3onsisting o/ te opti3a

/i,er# sii3on mirror# 6OS potodiode# and te d3d3 3onverter# is demonstrated ,y generation o/ an ee3tri3a

power o/ $% 4 @2A.

&. D'S!(" P$%C'DU$'0e design (Gig.1) o/ te 3ompete power sppy is ,est nderstood ,y anay;ing te varios stages tat

3onstitte te system. 0e stages invoved are te nregated# te regated# te gain 3ontro# te 3rrent

ampi/ier# and te 3rrent imiter.

2.1 0CE 5N+EF5='0ED 5NI0

4it te se o/ a 22%v-2"%v trans/ormer# te a.3 mains o/ 22%v# "%C; is step down to a 2"!r.m.s# ,y tetrans/ormer# wi3 is sita,e /or te system. ' ,ridge re3ti/ier wit /or power diodes (IN&%%1) prod3es a /

re3ti/i3ation o/ a 2"!r.m.s a.3 votage /rom te trans/ormer to a d.3 wit an a.3 3omponent (rippe).0e re3ti/ied rippe votage is /rter smootened wit te se o/ a 3apa3itor (&7%%JG# "%v)# wi3 red3es tis

rippe. 0is nregated votage is gotten /rom te 3ir3it (Gig.2) ,eow. 0e red3e rippe votage ave a mean


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!o."# No.$# 2%1&

2

d.3 otpt given ,y1 2 = . Kt =1 2 /or a/-wave re3ti/i3ation

and =1 4 /or /-wave re3ti/i3ation. Cen3e# . = 1 4 # were = .. 2 = 30 1.4 =42. ! 0.0"#$" #. = 42 1 4 "0 4$00 10%&= 42 0.0"#$" = 41.'4#2.2 0CE +EF5'='0ED 5NI0 'ND F'IN ON0+O= 5NI0

0ese nits sta,ii;e and 3ontro te variation o/ te otpt votage witin te spe3i/ied votage range as

sown in /igre ,eow. 0e I =617 sta,ii;es te otpt votage to a very sta,e one. 0e =617 as now

grond termina# it adst votto maintain a 3onstant o/ 1.2"v /rom te otpt termina to te adsted termina.

0e regator pts 1.2"v a3ross +1# so 7%m' /ows trog it. 0e adstment termina draws very itte 3rrent

("%


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!o."# No.$# 2%1&

votage prote3tor 3ir3it 3an ,e in3orporated into te nit to prote3t te power sppy /rom very ow and ig

mains votage. ' 3apa3itor 3an ,e 3onne3ted in parae to ea3 o/ te /or power diode# in oter to /iter ot

noise.

$eference

@1A 'demo,i I. '.# Oanipen '. .# 'de,isi O. I. 'deomi '. '.#2%12 Deveopment O/ ' 6ti '3D3Power Sppy System Gor Domesti3 'nd =a,oratory 5seQ# !o 12 Isse1Irras12.

@2A 'tan O.# Sario K.# indemir 5.# Onr 5n S.# Dnder F.# 6t S.# Ma3inaya '. D# 2%1 mos Power

Sppy 5nit Gor Ee3tri3ay Isoated 6i3ro S3ae 'ppi3ation. Pg 7&7-7"$ .

@A'mos S .4. 181 Di3tionary O/ Ee3troni3s# Ceinemann Ed3ation Koos =ondon (C.E.K) Pp.22&

@"A ogin. +. G. and Dais3od. G. G. 12 Operationa 'mpi/ier 'nd =inear Integrated ir3it (&t

Edition)

Prentie < Ca O/ Indian# Private =td. New Dei < 11%%%1.

@$A Gitegerad '. E. Ciggin,otam. O. E 'nd Fra,e. =. '. 6. (188) Kasi3 Ee3tri3a Engineering ("t

Edition)

6egraw-Ci Koos ompany# New Mor.@7A Gair id FropsH 1$7 'ppi3tion Engineering Sta// O/ 0e S. F. S. Indstria ir3it Cand,oo. Gair

id P,i3ation.

@8A F. =. 0aterH 17$ 0e 6p31%%% < Sper +egator# Cam +adio# Pg "2-"&

@A Carrison FH 17" Kasi3 Ee3troni3s# +esistor In ir3it# apa3itor In ir3it. 0e Engis 5niversity Press

=td I,adan# Nigeria.@1%A Corowit;. P. 'nd Ci 4H 1" 0e 'rt O/ Ee3troni3s# am,ridge 5niversity Press# amp,ridge.@11A 6artin Cartey. . 1% ' Pra3ti3a Introd3tion 0o Ee3troni3 ir3its# am,ridge# 5niversity Press.

am,ridge.

@12A 6orris. . 12 Ee3troni3 ir3it# Design 'nd 'ppi3ation (2nd

Edition) 63miian Ed3ation =imited#

=ondon.

@1A Oson. C. 17 Se3ond Feneration I3 !otage +egatorsH Cam-+adio 6aga;ine.

S,ramanyam S. 182 EBperiment In Ee3troni3s 63miian Ed3ation# 0oronto anada.

@1&ASeiger D. PH 17 ' Kasi3s Ee3troni3s 0e3noogy Kr3e o-Operation# Kevery Cis ai/ornia.

@1"A 4aterwort F.H 188 4or Ot Ee3troni3s. 63miian Ed3ation =imited# =ondon.

@1$A 4ooard K. 18& Pra3ti3a Ee3troni3s (2nd

Edition) 6egraw < Ci Koos ompany (5) 'nd am,ridge

5niversity Press# am,ridge.

#A-+' 1: S2ows 3oltage and current at different conditions

G5== !O=0'FE (NO =O'D) 1".8"!

=E'S0 !O=0'FE (NO =O'D) %.2%!

5++EN0 G=O4 %'

!O=0'FE (G5== =O'D) 1"!

5++EN0 G=O4 %.12'


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!o."# No.$# 2%1&

&

#A-+' &: V! for 1&4 o25s 1A

!O=0'FE (!) 5++EN0 (I)

1" %.12

1" %.2%1" %.28

1" %.$

1&. %.&&

1&. %."2

1&. %.$%

1&.8 %.$8

1&.8 %.7$

1&.8 %.8&

1%.% %.2

1%.% 1.%%

1%.% 1.%8

".% 2."

2." 2.7

% .%

#A-+' ): V! for 11o25s A.

!O=0'FE (!) 5++EN0 (')

1" %.12

1" %.18

1" %.2&

1" %.%

1" %.$

1&. %.&2

1&. %.&8

1&. %."&

1&. %.$%

1&.8 %.$$

1&.8 %.72

1&.8 %.78

1&.8 %.8&

1&.7 %.%

1&.$ %.$

1.8 1.%2

12.& 1.2%

1%.% 1."%

".% 2."

2." 2.7

% .%


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!o."# No.$# 2%1&

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6ig. 1: Circuit diagra5 of power supply

6ig &: $ectification 76iltration Circuit wit2 its wa3e for5.

6ig. ): $egulated unit and (ain Control Unit


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Innovative Systems Design and Engineering

ISSN 2222-1727 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2871 (

!o."# No.$# 2%1&

6ig.

$egulation C2aracteristics wit2 l

nine)

$

6ig. /

ad of 1&4 1A in 6igure and load 11 A in

13.6

13.8

14

14.2

14.4

14.6

14.8

15

15.2

0 0.5 1

Voltage vs current

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igure / respecti3ely.

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Design and Construction of a Stabilized Variable Power Supply