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Methods of calculating depreciation
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(c) 2001 Contemporary Engineering Economics 1
PRESENTED BY:
Javeria
11-arid-3303
MIT-3
University Institute of Information Technology, Rawalpindi(UIIT,UAAR)
Pakistan
DEPRECIATION
METHODS
DEPRECIATION
Depreciation is the reduction in value of an asset over time due to:
wear and tear effluxion of time obsolescence
What Can Be Depreciated?
A qualifying asset for depreciation must satisfy all these conditions:
should be used in business
should have a definite useful life and a life longer than 1 year
must wear out, become obsolete or lose value
Types of Depreciation
Book Depreciation
Tax Depreciation
Methods to Calculate Depreciation
Straight-Line Method
Declining Balance Method
MACRS Method
Required Factors in Calculating Asset Depreciation
Useful life of asset
Residual value
Cost basis
Method of depreciation
Principle A fixed asset provides its service in a uniform fashion over its life
FormulaAnnual Depreciation = cost – residual value useful life
1. Straight-Line (SL) Method
EXAMPLE (Straight-Line Method)
Year Computation DepreciationExpense
AccumulatedDepreciation
Book Value
$45,000
First (45,000-5,000)/5 $8,000 $8,000 37,000
Second (45,000-5,000)/5 8,000 16,000 29,000
Third (45,000-5,000)/5 8,000 24,000 21,000
Fourth (45,000-5,000)/5 8,000 32,000 13,000
Fifth
Total
(45,000-5,000)/5 8,000
40,000
40,000 5,000
Cost of machinery = $45,000Residual value = $5,000Useful life = 5 years.Calculate annual cost of depreciation?
Example - (Straight-Line Method)
Years
1 2 3 4 5
Annual Depreciation expense
PrincipleA fixed asset provides its service in a decreasing fashion. The book value is reduced by a fixed percentage each year.
FormulaAnnual Depreciation = Depreciation rate * Book value at start of
year
Depreciation rate200% Declining Method: Depreciation rate = 2/useful life150% Declining Method : Depreciation rate = 1.5/useful life130% Declining Method: Depreciation rate = 1.3/useful life
2. Declining Balance Method
EXAMPLE(200% Declining Balance Method)
Year Computation DepreciationExpense
AccumulatedDepreciation
Book Value
$70,000
First $70,000 x 40% $28,000 $28,000 42,000
Second 42,000 x 40% 16,800 44,800 25,200
Third 25,200 x 40% 10,080 54,880 15,120
Fourth 15,120 x 40% 6,048 60,928 9,072
Fifth
Total
9,072-$5,000 4,072
65,000
65,000 5,000
Cost of machinery = $70,000Residual value = $5000 Useful life = 5 yearsCost of annual Depreciation?
Example – 200% Declining Balance Method
Years
1 2 3 4 5
Annual Depreciation expense
PrincipleAn asset has a fixed life according to the category in which it falls. The residual value is always zero.
FormulaAnnual Depreciation = cost x appropriate MACRS % rate
3. MACRS Method
(c) 2001 Contemporary Engineering Economics 15
TABLE OF PROPERTY CLASS AND NUMBER OF YEARS
Years
(c) 2001 Contemporary Engineering Economics 16
EXAMPLE(MACRS Method)
Year Computation DepreciationExpense
AccumulatedDepreciation
Book Value
$30,000
First 33.33% x 30,000 9,999 9,999 20,001
Second 44.45% x 30,000 13,335 23,334 6,666
Third 14.81% x 30,000 4,443 27,777 2,223
Fourth 7.41% x 30,000 2,223 30,000 0
Cost of tractor = Rs. 30,000Cost of annual Depreciation?
THANK YOU!