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[Defense] Current Affairs compilation 2012-13: missiles, joint exercises, operations, organizations

Intro

Defense exercises

Missiles, weapons and vehiclesAgni

Aircraft destroyer

Cruise

Navy / Submarine

Anti-Tank

Tanks and artillery

Rifles/ uniforms

Indian Radars and Sonars

Aircrafts

Helicopters

UAV/Drones

Submarines

Navy Ship

Coast guard ships

Coast guard vs Navy

Navy: New bases

Blue water navy

Defense PSUs

FDi limit

Exhibitions

Paramilitary forces?

Important organizations

Mock questions

Intro

Agni, Prithvi, Trishul……whenever you’re preparing for UPSC, State PSC, IBPS, SSC or LIC you’ve to prepare thesethings over and over again. Sometimes it feels as if Indian Government tests these missiles not only to annoy China andPakistan but also to annoy the competitive exam aspirants. Anyways, earlier I gave the compilation for persons in news 2012-13. click me if you haven’t read it already. Now here a new article dealing with defense related current affairs (2012-13) andbasic stuff.If you feel any important term is missing, do mention it in the comments below.

Defense exercises

Kinda one of the most important topics for CSAT paper I. It’s not that UPSC asks defense exercises every year but just becauseit was asked once or twice then it becomes important forever, especially when it has a catchy name hahaha.

Name Country force

Bold Kurukshetra India, Singapore in UP Army (Tanks)

Cormorant StrikeIii

India, Srilanka, China, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Maldives. (held in SriLanka)

All 3

Garud Shakti India, Indonesia Army

Indiaex-2012 India, US Navy

Indra India, Russia, bi annual Navy

Iron Fist Only India. In Rajasthan Air Force

Jimex India, Japan Navy

Konkan India, UK Navy

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Konkan India, UK Navy

Malabar India, US Navy

Milan India and 14 other countries: Australia, Bangladesh etc. Navy

Passex India, Japan Navy

Pralay India only, in North East Airforce+Army

Red Flag India, US in Nevada Airforce

Shakti India, France in Uttarakhand Army

Shatrujeet India, US in California Army (Infantry)

Shoor Veer Only India, Rajasthan border Army

Simbex India, Singapore Navy

Tropex TROPEX=Theatre Level Operational Readiness Exercise.India only Navy

Vajra Prahar India, US in UttarakhandArmy (SpecialForces)

Varuna India, France Navy

Yudh Abhyas India, US in Rajasthan Army (Tanks)

t̂his is one of the uses of pib.nic.in

Missiles, weapons and vehicles

Agni

Surface to surface missile by DRDO.Range increases as version increases.

Agni-5

>5000kms.It is India’s first Intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM).

India is the 7th country to have ICBM. Other 6 are= US, Russia, China, UK, France and Israel.North Korea is also developing an ICBM named Taepodong-2.

Agni-4 4000kms

Agni-3 3000kms

Agni-2 2000kms. Pakistan’s HATF-5 (Ghauri) has range of about 1300 kms.

Agni-1 700kms (some books/magazines say 800 but India 2013 Yearbook says 700 so I keep it 700).

Prithivi

Surface to surface. Short range (150-350)Range increases as number increases: Prithvi I=150, II=250 and III=350kmsIts naval version is known as Dhanush. Dhanush can be launched from Navy ships.

Aircraft destroyer

AkashSurface to air (SAM)It can destroy many targets at once, using Rajendra radar system.Its range is higher than trishul.

Astra Air to air missile to destroy enemy aircrafts.

TrishulSurface to air (SAM)Destroy low level flying objects. E.g. from a ship against low flying attacking enemy missiles.

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Cruise

Brahmos

290 km range.Only Supersonic cruise missile in the world. (speed close to 3 Mach)Named after two rivers: Brahmaputra of India and the Moskva of Russia.can be used against ship and land targets.Can be installed on ships, submarines & aircraft and ground vehiclesCan receive navigation signals from both GPS (USA) and GLONASS(Russia).

Nirbhay

sub-sonic cruise missileNirbhay is India’s equivalent of Tomahawk, a long-range, sub-sonic cruise missile, developed by theU.S.developed by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)will travel at a sub-sonic speed (less than the speed of sound).

Navy / Submarine

Dhanush

It is the naval version of Prithvi II missile.Nuke capable.350kms

K-15 SagarikaCan be launched from submarines. Range abt 700kms.Will be used from nuclear powered submarines (like Arihant).

Varunastra Anti-submarine torpedo

Anti-Tank

HELINAThe helicopter-fired version of Nag (anti-tank missile).Helina =Helicopter + Nag

LAHATLaser Homing Attack or Laser Homing Anti-Tank missilewill be used in the upgraded Arjun battle tanks.

NAG

‘fire and forget’ anti-tank missile.can destroy enemy tanks four km awayNAMICA=carrier of NAG missile.

Both of them did not perform well during field trials in Rajasthan.

NAMIKA It is a vehicle to carry and launch NAG missles.

Invar Anti-tank Missiles that can be launched from Arjun T-90 tanks. India will buy these from Russia

Adrushya Anti-tank mine. By DRDO

Tanks and artillery

Arjun Main battle tank. (T90)Kanchan=name of the armour used on this tank.

Ajeya T-72 tank

SARVATRA Mobile bridge laying system. So army’s tanks and vehicles can cross rivers.

DAKSH It is a robotic vehicle for disabling IED (explosives).

Pinaka Multibarrel rocket system (it looks like a truck with lot of rockets on its shoulder).

BHIM 155mm artillery gun. (these type of guns are known as “howitzer”) Bofors is also a howitzer.

BMP-2 Infantry combat vehicle. To transport soldiers in the battlefield.

Rifles/ uniforms

INSAS

it is a self loading rifle (SLR)by DRDO.INSAS=Indian small arms system.Before INSAS, we had ISHAPORE SLR.

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Sujav Compact communication and electronic warfare suit

Baby viper An equipment for clearing land mines. By DRDO

Indian Radars and Sonars

First understand the difference.

Radar Sonar

RAdio Detection andRanging

SOund Navigation And Ranging

Uses radio waves Uses sound waves

Mostly used above water(air)

Underwater.

Faster response Slower (because speed of sound is slower than radio waves and depends on medium throughwhich it travels)

1. aerial and navalnavigation

2. air defense3. checking weather

patterns

1. Locate submarines and mines in the sea2. underwater surveillance and communication3. mapping underwater terrains

Now let’s check the DRDO projects related to Radars and Sonars

RADAR Sonar

Revati (3d radar for navy) HUMSA (shipborne)

Rohini (3d radar for airforce) MIHIR (airborne)

Indra Panchendriya, USUSH (Submarine)

Rajendra Tadpole

Darpan

3D Car 3D Central Acquisition Radar

^most of these are given in India Yearbook, that’s why important for MCQs.

Aircrafts

(list is definitely not exhaustive)

SU30-MKI

Fighter jets, India will buy them from Russia.

Dornier-228

Transport aircraft

Saras Transport aircraft

LCANP-1

Light combat aircraft, Naval prototype 1.India’s first indigenous naval fighter jet (that can be used from aircraftcarrier ships such as INS Vikramaditya).

It has STOBAR capability. STOBAR= Ski Takeoff but arrested recovery.

Tejas

Light combat aircraft. (LCA)Kaveri=name of Tejas’s engine. It is India’s first indigenous gas turbine engine.

It single seat, single engine, supersonic, light-weight, all-weather, multi-role aircraft.

Darin-III It is upgraded version of Jaguar fighter. Developed by Hindustan Aeronautics ltd.

AEWCAirborne Early warning and control system.it is a really huge airplane , with high tech radar system.It can detect enemy aircraft, ships and vehicles at long ranges.

Mirage Fighter aircraft, From france

MiG-21 Russia

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MiG-21 Russia

By the way, fifth generation air-craft were separately discussed in another article long time back. Click me

Helicopters

Mi-17 v5Attack helicopter, India will buy them from Russia.Can carry out operation in any weather, any terrain, day nnight + disaster, Search-rescue operations.

Rudra Attack helicopter.

Dhruv, Cheetal,Chetak

Utility helicopter= transporting very few men, material etc.

AgustaWestland Transport helicopter. From Italy but deal is stuck due to scam.

UAV/Drones

NISHANT,Rustom-I,Lakshya-I

These are UAV= Unmanned Aerial vehicles. Developed by DRDO

NETRAMini-UAV. CRPF will use it to fight naxals. BSF in counter-insurgency.It looks like that helicopter Mr.Lobowas building in 3-idiots (and then he conveniently committed suicide so that Amir Khan could fix it and danceon a song.)

Harpy, Heron,Harop

These UAV are bought from Israel.

Submarines

INS ChakraNuclear submarine. We rented this from Russia.Only US, UK, Russia, France and China had such nukesubmarines. (we are the sixth one)

INS Arihant Nuclear submarine. Currently undergoing trial.

INSSindhurakshak

Submarine, bought from Russia

Navy Ship

INS Sahyadri Stealth frigate.Project 17= Indian navy is building stealth frigates under this project.

Teg, Tarkash,

Trikand

These are also stealth frigates. India bought these from Russia.These will be used for anti-piracy

operations.

Sudarshini Indian navy ship. It is on sailing expedition to ASEAN nations.

INS Vikramaditya Aircraft carrier ship. Originally known as Admiral Gorshkov. India bought this from Russia.

Coast guard ships

Again list not exhaustive, but following names were in news

SamudraPaheredar

Pollution control

Rani AbbakkaPatrolling. By the way Rani Abbakka ruled over coastal parts of Karnataka, had fought against Portugese in

late 16th centuary.

Dahanu patrolling (mainly Maharashtra coast)

Rajkamal Patrolling

Coast guard vs Navy

Navy Coast guard

Admiral Director general

Overall Maritime-security Coastal security in Territorial waters

Anti-piracy Anti-smuggling

Reports to Defense ministry Same

Help fishermen in distressSearch and rescue

Marine pollution, environment protection

Navy: New bases

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Navy: New bases

Dweep Rakshak Indian Navy’s new base in Laskhweep islands.

Baaz Indian Navy’s new base in Andaman Islands.

Blue water navy

It is a really powerful navy, can operate across the deep waters in open oceans. E.g US Navy.Indian navy also wishes to be a Blue water navy. The purchase/induction of Vikramaditya, nuclear submarines, fifthgeneration air crafts etc. are part of that strategy.

Defense PSUs

To run army, navy, airforce, coast guards or any other force you need weapons, vehicles, uniforms etc. so who providesthese materials?= 1) via import from Russia, US, Israel, etc.+ 2) domestic production via DRDO, defense factories andPSUs.

Often, we import stuff from other countries, then our PSUs will refit them to suit Indian terrain and requirements.Now let’s take a look at the organizations related with domestic productionThe main “boss” is Dept of Defense production –>Defence ministryUnder this Department of defense production, you’ve two type of organizations

Defense factories Make ammunition, explosives, weapons, uniforms etc.

Defense undertaking (or PSUs) HAL, BEL, other shipyards.

DRDO is a separate R&D organization that directly reports to Defense ministry. DRDO does the research –Developmentstuff. Once that is complete, mass production starts with the help of factories / PSUs.Tagline of DRDO = Balasya Mulam Vigyanam = the source of strength is science. (lolz but first you need money to financethe scientific research, so then what is the source of strength?)

Defense Undertaking (PSUs)

(list not exhaustive)

HAL

Hindustan Aeronautics ltd.HAWK jet trainerSU-30 MKILCADornier (transport aircraft)Dhruv (light helicopter)Cheetal/Chetak (Helicopters)

BELBharat ElectronicsSonar, communication devices, electronic systems for tanks, aircrafts.Also develops solar cells, EVM (electronic voting machine) etc.

ShipyardsGarden Reach, KolkataMazagon, Mumbai (and not Goa)

MIDHANIMIshra-DHatu NIgam ltd.Provides high quality metals, alloys, materials required for air-craft, tank, weapons production.

NIRDESH

National institute for Research and Development in Defense Shipbuilding.For self-reliance in defense production related to navy.Near Kozhikode, KeralaIt is not a PSU but a society.

Private sector

Before 2001, private sector wasn’t allowed in defense production. But now

26% FDI is allowed in Defense sector.Issue: 26% is very low. It doesn’t encourage foreign players transfer their defense technologies in India, therefore Commerceministry wants this FDI limit to be increased to 74%. for more, click me to read the news article

Exhibitions

AERO india: air force related. 2013’s show held in Bengaluru.Defexpo India: weapons, machines related to Land, Naval and Internal Security. 2012’s show held in New Delhi.

Paramilitary forces?

Different books give different definitions of what is meant by “Paramilitary forces”.

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Different books give different definitions of what is meant by “Paramilitary forces”.For example, some would say Paramilitary = those fall under Home ministry and not under Defense ministry. E.g. CRPF,BSF, ITBP etc. Others will counter it saying forces like IB and CBI also fall under Home ministry but by no means they’reparamilitary.In 2011, Government of India made the formal definition: Paramilitary force =headed by Military officer (and not an IPSofficer).CRPF, BSF, ITPB etc are all headed by “Director Generals” but these director generals are actually IPS officers (and notmilitary officers.) Hence going by that definition, we are left with only three “real” paramilitary forces

1. Assam Rifles2. Special Frontier Force3. Coast Guard

Ok then

1. what are CRPF, BSF, ITBP, CISF and SSB? =these are “Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF).”2. Then what are RAW and IB = they are intelligence gathering agencies (internal and external)3. Then what are CBI and NIA= they are law enforcement agencies.

Organizations

Establishment Years are not important but the chronology is.

1835 AssamRifles

originally Catchar Levy.Also known as “Sentinels of North East” and “Friends of the hill people” (kinda too clichéd, henceunlikely for MCQs).Falls under Home ministry (and not Defense ministry).However, its DG is an army officer, hence it is a “true/real” paramilitary force.(and the oldest one)It also protects the Indo-Myanmar border. (SSB looks after Nepal, Bhutan border)

1861 RPFRailway protection force. Its evolution can be traced to Indian police Act made in 1861. Under thatAct, part of the British police manpower was deployed for protection of railways.

1920 TA

Territorial army. Falls under Defense Ministry.This is like a part time job. A member can continue his routine job / business as a civilian and every

year he has to render service in Territorial army for a few months.Similar force in USA = known as National Guards.

1939 CRPF

CRPF (originally Crown representative’s police).Sardar Patel renamed it to Central Reserve Police force.Falls under Home ministry. This is the main fighting force against naxal and internal disturbances.

1941 CBI

Under special police establishment Act. Later turned into CBI. (1963)On TV channels, you often hear Congies giving argument that CBI is “independent” because doesn’tfall under Home ministry so “we” are not controlling CBI.It is a bogus argument because CBI reports to Department of personnel and training, and personnelministry falls under Prime Minister. Although for corruption cases, CBI reports to CVC.Similar force in USA=FBI.

1946 HomeGuards

Home guards. (Army has similar force known as Territorial army). These are “Voluntary” forces(part time job). Work: bandobast during election, rioting, traffic, disasters etc.Home ministry frames the policies, functions, training for home guards. The cost of force is sharedbetween centre +states.

1948 NCCNational cadet Corps.Motto: Unity and Discipline (Ekta aur anushasan.)

1962 ITBP

Indo Tibetan border police. Setup in the wake of Chinese aggression.It was also responsible for KASAB’s security in Mumbai jail. Then they asked crores of rupees andMaharashtra Government refused to pay.Falls under Home Ministry.

1962 SFFSpecial Frontier Force. For carrying guerilla operations behind Chinese lines.Falls under Defense ministry.

Originally Special service bureau, now Sashastra Seema Bal.

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1963 SSBOriginally Special service bureau, now Sashastra Seema Bal.It protects Nepal and Bhutan border.

1965 BSF

Border security force.During war time, BSF will do the policing work in any enemy territories captured by Indian Army +taking care of refugees and prisoner of war (PoW).

1968 RAW

Research and Analysis wing (RAW)Doesn’t fall under Home / Defense / Foreign ministry. This organization directly reports to PM.Similar force in USA=CIA, Russia=FSB (earlier KGB), Israel= Mossad, China=MSS.

RAW looks into External intelligence gathering.IB (Intelligence bureau) under Home ministry looks into Internal intelligence gathering. Before RAWwas created (1968), this IB used to do both internal and external intelligence gathering.

1969 CISF

Central Industrial security force. Protection of airports, PSUs, nuke labs and powerplants.CISF is a cost-reimbursement force meaning its cost is borne by the client and not the taxpayer.E.g. if airport is getting CISF cover, then air port has to pay them (so ultimately air-passengers haveto pay.)Infosys is the first private company to get CISF protection.

1985 SPG Special protection group. Setup after Indira’s assassination. Provides security to PM, and his family.

1990 RR Rashtriya Rifles. Counter insurgency in Kashmir. It is part of Army (hence defense ministry).

1992 RAF

Rapid Action forceMade from CRPFIt was setup mainly for controlling riots. But nowadays also used in disaster Management, anti-naxalops, UN peace keeping ops.Vajra= riot control vehicle of RAF.Falls under Home ministry.

2008 COBRACombat battalion for resolution action. Made from CRPF. To fight naxals.Similar force of Andhra police Is known as “Grey-hounds”.

2009 NIANational investigation agency. After 26/11 attacks. Just like CBI, this one also reports to PersonnelMinistry.

Let’s try to consolidate some important stuff from above table

Defense ministry vs Home ministry

Defense ministry Home

1. Army: Rashtriya Rifles, Territorial army2. Navy3. Airforce4. Coast guard5. For special ops: Marcos (Navy), Garuda (Airforce),

Ghatak (Army), Special Frontier Force.6. NCC

1. Internal security=CRPF, RAF, COBRA, AssamRifles(NE), CISF (PSUs, Airports etc.)

2. Border security=SSB (Nepal Bhutan), BSF (Pak, Bangla),ITBP (Tibet), Assam Rifles (Myanmar)

3. Law Enforcement=CBI, NIA: but they don’t report tohome ministry.

4. Intelligence=IB (internal) + RAW (external) but RAWfalls directly under PM.

5. For special operations=NSG

Special forces across world

For Surgical operations like airplane hijack, terrorist/hostage situation.

NSG India

SAS UK

Delta Force US

GSG-9 Germany

GIGN France

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Shar-et-matkal Israel

Mock questions

1. Which of the following is not a UAV?a. Nishantb. Rustomc. Netrad. Dhruv

2. Which of the following has highest range in kms?a. Prithvib. Brahmosc. Dhanushd. Agni-V

3. Which of the following country doesn’t have ICBM missiles?a. Indiab. Chinac. USAd. South Korea.

4. Which of the following is not a Surface to surface missilea. Agnib. Prithvic. Trishuld. None of above.

5. What is the FDI limit in Defense sector in India?a. 0b. 26c. 49d. 74

6. What is NIRDESH?a. State of the art electronic communication system for Navyb. An organization for making India self-reliant in defense technology

c. Joint naval exercise between India and USAd. None of above

7. Correct statementa. Garden Reach shipbuilders= Andhrab. Mazagon dock= Goac. Both A and Bd. None

8. In terms of range, find correct order: from lower to higher?a. Agni V, Sagarika, Dhanush, Brahmosb. Sagarika, Dhanush, Brahmos, Agni Vc. Brahmos, Dhanush, Sagarika, Agni Vd. None of above.

9. Find the odd terma. Helinab. Nirbhayc. Sagarikad. Nirdesh

10. Find the odd sequencea. Indra, Rajendra, Mihir, Revatib. Mihir, Panchendriya, USUSH, Rajendrac. Indra, Rajendra, Rohini, Revatid. None of above.

11. incorrect Matcha. Mirage=Russiab. J31=Japanc. SU30-MKI=S.Koread. All of above.

12. Kaveri is an engine Developed fora. INS Arihantb. Light combat aircraftc. T90 Arjun tankd. none of above

13. Which of the following ship can be used during oil spills?a. Sahyadrib. Arihantc. Chakrad. Samudra Paheredar

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d. Samudra Paheredar14. Correct Match

a. Dweep Rakshak:Indian Navy’s new base in Andamanb. Baaz: Indian Navy’s new base in Maldives.c. Both A and Bd. None

15. First private sector company to get CISF cover wasa. TCS

b. WIPROc. Satyamd. infosys

16. Which of the following is not a central armed police force?a. BSFb. CRPFc. CISFd. Rashtriya Rifles

17. Which of the following is not a central paramilitary force?a. Assam Riflesb. Special Frontier Forcec. Coast Guardd. NSG

18. Which of the following doesn’t report to home ministrya. RAFb. CRPFc. SSBd. RAW

–Main article stop here. Now just some filler material.

Operations

this is too cliched for the MCQs.

Operation Why Force year

Blossom Evacuate Indians from Libya navy 2011

Black Tornado Kill terrorists responbile for 26/11 NSG 2008

Sukoon Evacuate Indians during Israel-Lebanon conflict. Navy 2006

Madath, Sea Waves, Castor,Gambhir, Rainbow, Rahat

Relief after 2004 tsunami Navy 2004

Enduring FreedomIt was US operation in Afghanistan but India navy escored Americanships through straight of Malacca

Navy 2001

Talwar

Kargil war

Navy 1999

Vijay(99) Army 1999

Safed sagar Airforce 1999

Cactus To prevent coup in Maldives All 3 1988

Pawan Peace keeping in Sri Lanka Army 1987

Meghdoot Capturing Siachen glacier Army 1984

Triden, Python Attacking Karachi port Navy 1971

Vijay (61) Capture of Goa, Daman and Diu and Anjidiv Islands Army 1961

Polo Hyderabad freedom Army 1948

Now Some more misc. GK that is not much important for MCQs.

Field formation, in terms of no. soldiers= corps > division > brigade > battalion > company > platoon > section.In gallantry awards: Param Vir > Maharvir > Vir.Ashok chakra = equivalent of Param Vir charka, given for bravery in peacetime. (e.g. given to police officers who martyredduring 26/11).Medal of Honor = American equivalent of Param Vir Chakra.Highest rank in Indian Army is not General but Field marshal. So far only two field marshals: Cariappa and Manekshaw. InAmerican system, these two are “five star generals” and rest (e.g. V.K.Singh, Bikram Singh, ) are “four star” generals.India= RAW (external intelligence) , IB (internal) Similarly UK = MI5 (internal intelligence) and MI6 (external intelligence).

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Finally some time pass questions/ food for thought

1. If India has CBI and US has FBI then what does UK have?2. Every country would need a RAW but not a CBI why?3. USA has FBI + US Marshalls. FBI looks after federal investigation and US Marshalls’ do the transporting of federal

prisoners, serving warrants and securing federal courts. On that logic, While India has CBI, but why doesn’t India haveIndian marshals?

Answers for time pass questions

1. Nothing. Because UK is not a federal country. Although UK does have special police forces to fight organized crime andnarcotics. But in terms of jurisdiction and functions, they’re not equivalent to CBI/FBI.

2. Hint given in answer 1.3. because most of the “federal” prisoners in India are either out on bail or doing Aiyaashi in the jail so separate police to

transport prisoners=not needed.

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106 comments to [Defense] Current Affairs compilation 2012-13: missiles, joint exercises,operations, organizations

« Older Comments 1 2

skp singhReply to this comment

lucid n brilliant written

aadilReply to this comment

sir..please also update a write up on various

1)reports2)committees3)new initiatives(national and international)4)and miscellaneous which u think are appropriate..please sir ..even u know this section is crucial(if not as direct question ,then definitely as indirectly BY forming ONE of THREEstatement given in numerous questions…i know it wud be huge compilation ,but then who wud know better than in filtering out essential components…i wud be waiting sir…i was ur 789th member …atleast for that sake (hahahaha)

atulReply to this comment

Very nice nd highly informative articleThnks mrunal

One more thing, hw to make it in pdf? The link which used to be on top earlier is not there….

Vigneshwaran KReply to this comment