decreto supremo Nº 48 reglamento de calderas y generadores de vapor

7/30/2019 decreto supremo N 48 reglamento de calderas y generadores de vapor

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BED >>_ECDNFEBYJ IE HNDIE_NX Q CEBE_NIJ_EX IE PN[J_ I"X" B 97

HJIEDHJHJIEDHJ

Bjrfn Exybinr Decnd

Iehreyj Xu{refj B 97

_ecdnfebyj ie Hndiernxq Cebernijrex ie Pn{jr

BED >>


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BED >> _ECDNFEBYJ IE HNDIE_NX Q CEBE_NIJ_EX IE PN[J_ I"X" B 97


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ABIAHE

Yyudj A

Iax{jxahajbex Ceberndex""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 3

Yyudj AA

Ie dnx Ie`abahajbex"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 1

Yyudj AAA

Ie dn Abiapaiunda|nhab q _ecaxyrj ie dnx Hndiernx """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" >8

Yyudj AP

Ie dnx Hjbiahajbex Ceberndex ie Abxyndnhab""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" >5

Yyudj P

Ie dn Ndafebynhab ie Ncun """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" >3

Yyudj PA

Ie djx Nhhexjrajx ie dnx Hndiernx""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ?>

[rrn`j AIax{jxahajbex Ceberndex""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ?>

[rrn`j AAAbiahnijrex ie Baped ie Ncun"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ?>

[rrn`j AAAFnbfeyrj""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ??

[rrn`j APPdpudnx ie Xecuraini""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ?8

[rrn`j P

Yn{b @uxaode """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ?9

[rrn`j PAXaxyefn ie Ndnrfn""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ?5

[rrn`j PAA[uerynx ie Ew{djxab""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ?5


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Yyudj PAA

Ie djx Nuyjhdnpex """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ?3

Yyudj PAAA

Ie dnx _epaxajbex q [rueonx ie dnx Hjbiahajbex ie Xecurainiied Cebernijr ie Pn{jr""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ?1

[rrn`j AIax{jxahajbex Ceberndex""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ?1

[rrn`j AAIe dn _epaxab Abyerbn q Ewyerbn """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 8;

[rrn`j AAAIe dn [rueon Gairudahn """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 8;

[rrn`j APIe dn [rueon hjb Pn{jr""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 8?

[rrn`j PIe dn [rueon ie Nhufudnhab """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 8?

[rrn`j PAIe dnx [rueonx Ex{ehandex"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 8?

[rrn`j PAAIe dn Elehuhab ie dnx _epaxajbex q [rueonx """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 88

Yyudj W

Ie dn Fnba{udnhab j Fnbelj ie djx Cebernijrex ied Pn{jr """""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 85

Yyudj WA

Ie dnx Xnbhajbex """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 83

Yyudj @abnd

Iax{jxahajbex Yrnbxayjranx""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 81


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Yyudj A

Iax{jxahajbex Ceberndex

Nryhudj >

Ed {rexebye _ecdnfebyj exynodehe dnx hjbiahajbex ceberndex ie hjbxyruhhab$ abxyndnhab$fnbyebhab$ j{ernhab q xecuraini ~ue ieoerb reubar yjinx dnx hndiernx eb ~ue xe cebe&reb `duaijx n yef{ernyurnx q {rexajbex xu{erajrex n dn nyfjx`rahn$ qn xenb fpadex jexynhajbnranx"

Bj joxynbye dj nbyerajr$ bj xe n{dahnr n madjcrnfj {jrhebyfeyrj hunirnij" Dnx {rexajbex e`ehyapnx xe ebyebierb feiainx n {nryar ie dn{rexab nyfjx`rahn ied nfoaebye q bj dnx {rexajbex noxjduynx feiainx n {nryar iedpnhj" Ubn nyfx`ern fyrahn e~uapnde n >9$?? daornx {jr {udcnin hunirnin" Dn ubainiabcdexn ie {rexab$ iexacbnin [XA '[jubix X~unre Abhg!$ ex ubn daorn {jr {udcninhunirnin"

7" Epn{jrnr j Pn{jra|nr" Hjbperyar ub d~uaij nd exynij `xahj ie pn{jr$ feianbyexufabaxyrj ie hndjr"


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1" Hndiernx ie Yuojx ie Gufjx$ 'Acbejyuoudnrex!" Xjb n~ueddnx eb ~ue djx cnxex qgufjx$ {rjpebaebyex ie dn hjfouxyab {nxnb {jr yuojx ~ue xe ebhuebyrnb xufercaijxeb ncun"

>;" Hndiernx ie Yuoj ie Ncun 'Nhujyuoudnrex!" Xjb n~ueddnx eb ~ue djx cnxex qgufjx$ {rjpebaebyex ie dn hjfouxyab rjienb yuojx$ {jr huqj abyerajr harhudn ncun"

>>" Xu{eràhae ie Hnde`nhhab ie ubn Hndiern n Pn{jr" Dn xu{eràhae eb hjbynhyj hjbdjx cnxex q gufjx ie hjfouxyab {jr ub dnij$ q hjb ed ncun {jr ed jyrj$ feiain exynxu{eràhae {jr dn dnij ~ue exy eb hjbynhyj hjb djx cnxex q gufjx"

>?" Xu{er ahae ie Hnde`nhhab Iarehyn" Ex n~ueddn {nrye ie dn xu{eràhae ie hnde`nhhabeb ~ue dn yrnbxfaxab ie hndjr xe peraàhn {rabha{ndfebye {jr rnianhab iarehyn"

>8" Xu{eràhae ie Hnde`nhhab Abiarehyn" Dn {nrye ie dn xu{eràhae ie hnde`nhhab eb ~ue

dn yrnbxfaxab ied hndjr xe peraàhn {jr hjbpehhab q bj {jr rnianhab"

>9" Xjorehndebynijr$ j _ehndebynijr ie Pn{jr" Dn {nrye j xaxyefn ie ub cebernijr iepn{jr ~ue xarpe {nrn edepnr dn yef{ernyurn ied pn{jr {jr ebhafn ie dn ied pn{jr xnyurn&ij$ xab nufebynr dn {rexab"

>5" Ehjbjfa|nijr" Dn {nrye j xaxyefn ie ub cebernijr ie pn{jr ~ue xarpe {nrn hndebynr{repanfebye ed ncun ie ndafebynhab ie dn hndiern$ n{rjpehgnbij ed hndjr hjbyebaij ebdjx gufjx q cnxex"

>0" Gjcnr j Hnln ie @uecj" Dn {nrye ied cebernijr ie pn{jr eb ~ue xe eèhyn dn hjf&

ouxyab">3" Hfnrn ie Ndafebynhab ie ubn Hndiern" Ed ex{nhaj hjf{rebiaij ebyre djx bapedex

fwafjx q fbafj ied ncun"

>7" Iure|n ied Ncun" Hjbyebaij ie xndex ie hndhaj q ie fncbexaj$ {rabha{ndfebye$ ~ue{rjiuheb ie{xayjx ie abhruxynhajbex eb dnx {dnbhgnx ie dn hndiern"

>1" Ie{urnijrex ied Ncun ie Ndafebynhab ie dnx Hndiernx" Iax{jxayapjx {jr djx hun&dex xe gnhe {nxnr ed ncun ie ndafebynhab ie dn hndiern hjb ed ab ie reiuhar xux af{u&re|nx" Xjb ie{urnhajbex ie ncun< djx adyrjx$ djx nodnbinijrex$ iexfabernda|nijrex$iexnerenijrex q epn{jrnijrex"

?;" Iexabhruxynbyex" Xuxynbhanx ~ue?



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>8


Yyudj AAA

Ie dn Abiapaiunda|nhab q _ecaxyrj ie dnx Hndiernx

Nryhudj 9

Yjij {rj{aeynraj ie ubn hndiern$ {repaj n xu abxyndnhab$ ieoer recaxyrnrdn eb ed Xerpahaj ieXndui rex{ehyapj$ {nrn dj hund nhjf{nnr dn xacuaebye ab`jrfnhab5


Yyudj AP

Ie dnx Hjbiahajbex Ceberndex ie Abxyndnhab

Nryhudj 1

Djx cebernijrex ie pn{jr ~ue yebcnb ubn xu{eràhae ie hnde`nhhab acund j xu{erajr n 5f? q huqn {rexab ie yrnonlj ewhein ie ?$5 Mcx*hf?$ xe abxyndnrb eb ub rehabyj iebjfa&bnij xndn ie hndiernx" Xu hjbxyruhhab xer ie fnyerand abhjfouxyaode q exynr huoaerynie yehgj dapanbj"

Dn xndn ie hndiernx bj {jir exynr uoahnin xjore hjbxyruhhab iexyabnin n gnoaynhab jducnr ie yrnonlj"

Dn xndn ie hndiernx yebir dn nf{dayui xuàhaebye {nrn {erfayar$ eb jrfn xecurn$ yjijx djxyrnonljx ie j{ernhab$ fnbyebhab$ abx{ehhab q re{nrnhab" Ieoer iax{jber ie niehun&in pebyadnhab q ie ouebn adufabnhab"

Dn iaxynbhan fbafn ebyre dn hndiern q dnx {nreiex ied rehabyj xer ie > feyrj$ hjfj nxafax&fj$ ebyre dn hndiern q hund~uaer jyrj e~ua{j j abxyndnhab"

Xjore ed edefebyj j nhhexjraj fx edepnij ie ubn hndiern xe ielnr ub ex{nhaj daore ie ndj febjx ub feyrj"

Niefx$ ieoer yeber ijx {uerynx j fx$ eb iarehhajbex iaèrebyex$ dnx ~ue xe fnbyeb&irb$ eb yjij fjfebyj$ daorex ie joxyhudjx ~ue {ueinb af{eiar ed {nxj" Xe {rjgaoe fnb&yeber herrninx hjb ddnpe dn {uerynx$ faebyrnx dnx hndiernx exyb ùbhajbnbij$ dj faxfj~ue ed ef{dej ie hgn{nx ~ue xdj {ueinb norar fnbundfebye {jr iebyrj"

Nryhudj >;

Eb dnx hndiernx acbejyuoudnrex$ djx hjbiuhyjx ie uecj$ cnxex q gufjx$ arb rehuoaeryjx {jrfnf{jxyern ~ueinbij daorex ie eddn$ n~ueddnx {nryex ie dn hndiern ~ue exyb onninx hjbncun"

Ed {ubyj fx ndyj ie djx hjbiuhyjx ie cnxex hndaebyex exynr {jr dj febjx >;; fadfeyrjxfx onlj ~ue ed baped fbafj ie ncun ie j{ernhab ie dn hndiern"


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Nryhudj >>

Dn fnf{jxyern ieoer iaxenrxe q hjbxyruarxe ie fnbern ~ue {erfayn dn daore ew{nbxab q

hjbyrnhhab ie dn hndiern" Dnx {nxninx ie hnernx$ n yrnpx ie fnf{jxyern$ ieoerb{erfayar dn daore ew{nbxab ie dnx hnernx e af{eiar djx exhn{ex ie gufj j ie cnxex"

Nryhudj >?

Yjijx djx hjbiuhyjx ie gufj j ie cnxex ie hjfouxyab$ abhduxj djx ef{denijx hjfj pnxie efercebhan j ndyerbnyapn$ ieoeb hjbxyruarxe ie ynd fnbern ~ue bj {erfaynb dn nhufudn&hab ie cnxex hjfouxyaodex$ xabj ~ue nxecureb xu nrrnxyre gnhan dn xndain j hgafeben"

Nryhudj >8

[nrn dn repaxab q daf{ae|n ie djx hjbiuhyjx ie gufj$ yjin hndiern iax{jbir ie {jrye|ue&dnx j yn{nx uoahninx eb ducnrex niehunijx ~ue {erfaynb ed `had nhhexj nd abyerajr ie ia&hgjx hjbiuhyjx"

Nryhudj >9

Eb yjin hndiern ed j{ernijr ieoer yeber ub nhhexj xecurj q ew{eiayj n djx iax{jxayapjx

ie fnbij q xux nhhexjrajx fx edepnijx"

Djx af{defebyjx ~ue xe uyadaheb {nrn ynd e`ehyj ieoerb xer ie fnyerand abhjfouxyaode q iexu{er`ahae nbyarrexondnia|n"

Xjore ed {axj ied {nxaddj fx edepnij gnor ub ex{nhaj daore ie n dj febjx ub feyrj jhgeb&yn hebyfeyrjx"

Nryhudj >5

Hunbij xe uyadahe hjfouxyaode d~uaij$ xye ieoer fnbyeberxe eb reha{aebyex hjf{deyn&febye herrnijx$ {rjpaxyjx ie yuoj ie pebyadnhab nd ewyerajr q xe{nrnijx ie dn xndn iehndiernx" Xa ed exynb~ue ie ndfnhebnfaebyj xe uoahnrn n baped ie {axj$ ieoerb yjfnrxednx feiainx behexnranx {nrn epaynr ierrnfex ie d~uaij ab`dnfnode$ nx hjfj$ epaynr dn`jrfnhab ie fe|hdnx ew{djxapnx"


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>3


Yyudj P

Ie dn Ndafebynhab ie Ncun

Nryhudj >0

Eb yjij cebernijr ie pn{jr ieoerb huf{darxe dnx xacuaebyex {rexhra{hajbex; {{f"!"

?" Dn iure|n yjynd ied ncun ieoe xer abèrajr n 85 {nryex {jr faddb '85 {{f"!"

8" Bj ieoe hjbyeber nheayex ba xuxynbhanx hjrrjxapnx"

9" [G bj ieoer xer abèrajr n 3"

5" Ed hjbiebxnij joyebaij ied pn{jr uyada|nij eb iaèrebyex iax{jxayapjx ie abyerhnf&oaj ebercyahj$ {jir xer uyada|nij hjfj ncun ie ndafebynhab ie dn hniern xaef&{re ~ue bj exy hjbynfabnin hjb nheayex j xuoxynbhanx hjrrjxapnx"

0" Hunbij eb ubn repaxab abyerajr xe gnqn hjbxynynij ~ue dn hn{n ie abhruxynhajbexex ie ex{exjr xu{erajr nd 8;% ied crjxjr ie dnx {nreiex ie dn hndiern$ feiain ebdn xehhab ie fnqjr yrnbxfaxab ie hndjr$ bj {jir {jberxe eb ùbhajbnfaebyjgnxyn ~ue xe {rjhein n xu daf{ae|n$ iexabhruxynhab q repaxab ie dnx abxyndnhaj&bex nodnbinijrnx$ dnx ~ue nd {jberxe eb fnrhgn cnrnbyaheb dn ebyrecn ie ncunodnbin"

O" Eb _ednhab hjb dn Abxyndnhab ie Ncun ie Ndafebynhab" Xe {rjgoe ubar iarehynfebye ed xaxyefn ie ndafebynhab ie ncun ie dnx hndie&

rnx hjb dn rei ie ncun {jynode"

?" Ed ewyrefj ie iexhnrcn ie dnx yuoernx ie ndafebynhab exynr iax{uexyj ie ynd`jrfn ~ue8 fadfeyrjx bjfa&bndex '>*?! ie iafeyrj abyerajr hjfj fbafj"

5" Eb hndiernx hjb xu{er ahaex ie hnde`nhhab yjynd xu{erajr n habhj feyrjx hunirn&

ijx$ ed yuoj ie ndafebynhab yebir hjfj fbafj ed iafeyrj abyerajr xuàhaebye{nrn {erfayar ndafebynr >"?5 pehex xu hn{nhaini fwafn ie pn{jra|nhab hjb ubn{rexab ie ndafebynhab ie >"?5 pehex xu {rexab fwafn ie yrnonlj"

0" Hnin hndiern j hjblubyj ie hndiernx iax{jbir ie ijx j fx feiajx ie ndafeb&ynhab ie ncun" Eb dnx hndiernx ~ue uxeb hjfouxyaodex xdaijx$ ubj ie djxfeiajx ie ndafebynhab xer abie{ebiaebye ie dn ebercn edhyrahn$ {uiaebijxer nhhajbnij {jr ed pn{jr ie dn hndiern"

H" Eb _ednhab hjb ed Ncun eb dn Hndiern q dnx [urcnx" Yjin hndiern exynr e~ua{nin hjb ubj j fx yuojx ie iexnce$ hjfubahnijx hjbed {ubyj fx onlj ie dn hndiern q iexyabnijx n dnx {urcnx q ewyrnhhajbex xaxyef&yahnx ie djijx"

?" Dn iexhnrcn ie djx yuojx ie {urcn exynr iax{uexyn eb ynd jrfn ~ue bj {rexebye{edacrj ie nhhaiebyex {nrn ed {erxjbnd q xdj {jir pnhanrxe nd ndhnbynraddnij nyrnpx ie ub exynb~ue abyerfeiaj ie reyebhab j ie {urcnx"

8" Exye exynb~ue ie reyebhab ieoe reubar dnx xacuaebyex hjbiahajbex"

[rrn`j AA Abiahnijrex ie Baped ie Ncun

Nryhudj >7

Yjin hndiern ieoer exynr {rjpaxyn$ n dj febjx$ ie ijx abiahnijrex ie baped ie ncun$ abie&{ebiaebyex ebyre x" Ubj ie eddjx ieoer xer ie joxerpnhab iarehyn ied baped ie ncun$ iedya{j yuoj ie pairaj$ {uiaebij xer ed jyrj `jrfnij {jr ubn xerae ie yrex cra`jx j ddnpex ie{rueon" Exyjx abiahnijrex exynrb iarehynfebye hjbehynijx n dn hndiern$ j oaeb$ n ubnojyeddn ie bapedex exynodehainx {nrn exye àb" Dnx hjbewajbex ie ncun iexie dn hndiern nexyjx abiahnijrex ie baped exynrb {rjpaxyjx ie ubn {ae|n eb hru| {nrn `nhadaynr xu daf{ae&|n"

Djx yuojx j hnlnx ie baped exynrb {rjpaxyjx ie dnx pdpudnx j ddnpex behexnranx {nrn {rjhe&ier nd rehnfoaj ie yuojx j pairajx ~ueornijx$ hjfj acundfebye ie ubn pdpudn ~ue {erfayndn {urcn ie xeiafebyjx nhufudnijx eb ed yuoj j eb xu hjbewajbex" Ed ncun ie exyn{urcn xer hn{ynin {jr ub efouij q ddepnin {jr hnern nd iexnce ie dnx hndiernx"Exynx pdpudnx xerb ied ya{j hjbj q exynrb hjbxyruainx ie ynd `jrfn ~ue xu fnbcjabia~ue abe~upjhnfebye$ dn {jxahab ie noaeryn$ exyj ex$ {nrndedj nd yuoj"


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Ed dfaye abèrajr ie paxaoadaini ied ncun eb ed yuoj ied baped ieoer ~ueinr abiahnij$ {jr djfebjx$ 8; fadfeyrjx xjore ed {ubyj fx ndyj ie dn xu{eràhae ie hnde`nhhab ie dn hndie&rn ~ue exy eb hjbynhyj hjb cnxex hndaebyex"

Ed baped fbafj ie ncun ie j{ernhab ie dn hndiern exynr n ub yerhaj ie dn ndyurn ied yuojie baped$ feiain xjore ed baped ewyrefj abèrajr paxaode ie eddjx$ q ieoer fnrhnrxe hdnrn&febye eb `jrfn abiedeode"

Dnx hjbewajbex ie djx yuojx ie baped n dn hndiern yerfabnrb eb ed abyerajr ie eddn$ n bapedie dn {nrei$ q yebirb ub iafeyrj abyerajr fbafj ie >8 fadfeyrjx '>*?!" Eb babcbhnxj xe nhe{ynr dn ewaxyebhan ie {rjdjbcnhajbex rehynx j hurpnx eb ed abyerajr ie dnhndiern"

Xa bj ex {jxaode hjbehynr iarehynfebye djx iax{jxayapjx abiahnijrex ie baped n dn hndiern$

{jirb hjdjhnrxe eb ubn ojyeddn ie bapedex hjbehynin n dn hndiern {jr feiaj ie hnernie ?5 fadfeyrjx ie iafeyrj abyerajr n dj febjx$ iax{uexyn ie fnbern ~ue {erfaynb ubn`had daf{ae|n ie dn yuoern" Dn ojyeddn ie bapedex exynr {rjpaxyn ie ubn ddnpe ie {urcn"

Djx yuojx ie baped iax{jbirb ie {rjyehhajbex niehuninx hjbyrn nhhaiebyex {jr rjyurnx$hjdjhnijx eb `jrfn ~ue {erfaynb dn adufabnhab q joxerpnhab"

Hunbij ed yuoj ie baped xe ebhuebyre n ubn ndyurn fnqjr ie yrex feyrjx xjore ed {axj iedn xndn$ nd yuoj xe de inr ubn abhdabnhab gnhan niednbye$ {nrn `nhadaynr xu joxerpnhab"

Djx yrex cra`jx j ddnpex ie {rueonx febhajbninx eb ed abhaxj {raferj$ xe iaxyraouarb n dnx

ndyurnx hjf{rebiainx iebyrj ie dn djbcayui paxaode ied yuoj ie baped"

[rrn`j AAA Fnbfeyrj

Nryhudj >1

Yjin hndiern ieoer exynr {rjpaxyn ie ubj j fx fnbfeyrjx$ ~ue xe hjbehynrb n dnhfnrn ie pn{jr ie dn hndiern feianbye ub yuoj ~ue jrfe ub xeddj ie ncun" Ed iafeyrjbjfabnd abyerajr fbafj ie exye yuoj xer ie 0 fadfeyrjx '>*9!"

Ed fnbfeyrj yebir hn{nhaini {nrn abiahnr$ n dj febjx$ ubn q feian pe| dn {rexabfwafn ied cebernijr$ {rjhurnbij ~ue iahgn {rexab xe ebhuebyre eb ed yerhaj hebyrnd iedn crniunhab ie dn exèrn"

Ed iafeyrj ie dn exèrn ied fnbfeyrj ieoe xer ynd$ ~ue {erfayn xu `had dehyurn iexie dn


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uoahnhab gnoayund ied j{ernijr ie dn hndiern$ bj xaebij$ eb yjij hnxj$ abèrajr n >;;fadfeyrjx"

Eb dn exèrn ied fnbfeyrj ieoer fnrhnrxe hjb ubn dben rjln abiedeode dn {rexabfwafn ie dn hndiern"

Eb dn abxyndnhab ied fnbfeyrj ieoerb huf{darxe djx xacuaebyex re~uaxayjx;% hjbub fwafj ie ;"5 mc*hf?"

[rrn`j AP Pdpudnx ie Xecuraini

Nryhudj ?;

Yjin hndiern ieoer exynr {rjpaxyn ie ubn j fx pdpudnx ie xecuraini ied faxfj ya{j qhn{nhaini ie epnhunhab$ ~ue ieoerb exynr hjbehyninx iarehynfebye n dn hfnrn iepn{jr ie dn hndiern$ abie{ebiaebye ie yjin jyrn hjbewab j yjfn ie pn{jr q xab abyer{j&xahab ie babcubn jyrn pdpudn$ ddnpe$ crayj u joxyruhhab" Xe {erfaye dn hjbewab n dnhndiern ie dnx pdpudnx ie xecuraini eb {nrndedj$ feianbye ubn {ae|n ie hjbewab ie`jrfn q iafebxajbex niehuninx"

Dn j dnx pdpudnx ie xecuraini ie ub cebernijr ie pn{jr ieoeb xer hn{nhex ie epnhunrdn yjyndaini ied pn{jr {rjiuhaij {jr dn hndiern$ nb xab gnoer hjbxufj$ nbyex ~ue xexjore{nxe eb ub >;% dn {rexab fwafn ied cebernijr" [nrn exye eèhyj$ dn pdpudn iexecuraini ieoe crniunrxe ie fnbern ~ue xe abahae dn epnhunhab ie pn{jr n ubn {rexabacund n dn {rexab fwafn ie yrnonlj ied cebernijr$ nufebynin eb ub 0% hjfj fwafj"

Yjin pdpudn ie xecuraini ddepnr crnonin j ùbiain eb xu huer{j ubn fnrhn ie òrahn~ue abia~ue xux hnrnhyerxyahnx q ~ue {erfayn xu aiebyaàhnhab"


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Ed fnyerand ef{denij eb djx nxaebyjx q hjbjx ie dnx pdpudnx ie xecuraini xer ie ubnndenhab niehunin$ rexaxyebye n dn hjrrjxab" Dnx pdpudnx ieoerb exynr hjbxyruainx ebynd `jrfn$ ~ue dn `nddn j ru{yurn ie hundex~uaern ie xux {nryex bj joxyruqn dn daore iexhnr&cn ied pn{jr= ~ue ed hjbj {uein carnr xjore xu nxaebyj$ exynbij dnx pdpudnx hjb {rexab$q haerre xunpefebye$ xab {rjiuhar cjd{ex ba paornhajbex"

Dn pdpudn {erfayar ~ue xu fehnbaxfj ie recudnhab {uein xer xeddnij ie fnbern ~uexen {jxaode niperyar xa gn xaij ndyernij"

Nxfaxfj$ ieoerb yeber ub iax{jxayapj ~ue {erfayn norardnx$ n àb ie iex{ecnr ed hjbjfnbundfebye$ j{ernhab ~ue ieoe renda|nrxe nd abahanr hnin yurbj ie yrnonlj" Dn pdpudnie xecuraini ieoer herrnrxe hunbij dn {rexab gnqn iaxfabuaij eb bj fx ie 9% hjbrex{ehyj n dn {rexab fwafn ie yrnonlj ied cebernijr"

Ed exhn{e ie pn{jr exynr iax{uexyj ie ynd fnbern ~ue yebcn xndain nd ewyerajr ie dn xndn"

Hunbij ed exhn{e ie dn pdpudn xe eèhye {jr feiaj ie yuojx ie iexhnrcn$ xyjx yeb&irb ubn xehhab yrnbxperxnd acund j xu{erajr nd ren ie exhn{e ie dn pdpudn q exynrbijynijx ie iexncex n{rj{anijx$ n àb ie epaynr dn nhufudnhab ie ncun ie hjbiebxn&hab eb dn {nrye xu{erajr ie dn pdpudn j eb ed yuoj"

Dn noeryurn j hjbewab ebyre dn hndiern q dn pdpudn ie xecuraini yebir ubn ren {jr djfebjx acund n dn ebyrnin ie dn pdpudn" Hunbij ubn hndiern exy {rjpaxyn ie ijx j fxpdpudnx ie xecuraini eb ubn xjdn hjbewab$ xyn yebir ub ren yrnbxperxnd bj febjr~ue dn xufn ie dnx renx ie djx yuojx ie ebyrnin ie yjinx dnx pdpudnx ie xecuraini"

Dn recudnhab ie dnx pdpudnx ie xecuraini xdj {jir eèhyunrxe {jr dn nuyjraini xnba&ynran j djx {rjèxajbndex recaxyrnijx eb hjb`jrfaini hjb exye _ecdnfebyj" Ubn pe|gehgn dn recudnhab xe xeddnrb dnx pdpudnx ie xecuraini feianbye ub {rehabyj ie {djfj"

[rrn`j P Yn{b @uxaode

Nryhudj ?>

Ed yn{b ùxaode xe ef{denr eb dnx hndiernx ie crnb pjdufeb ie ncun$ exyj ex$ xu{erajrn >5; dyx {jr f? ie xu{eràhae ie hnde`nhhab$ dnx ie gjcnr abyerbj$ q eb dnx hndiernx iedya{j djhjfpad"

Ed yn{b ùxaode ieoer uoahnrxe eb hnin gjcnr abyerbj$ abfeianynfebye ieonlj ied bapedfbafj ie ncun"


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Djx yn{jbex ùxaodex ie nhhab {jr ùecj exynrb reddebjx hjb ubn ndenhab huqj {ubyj

ie ùxab fwafn xen ie ?5;H" Dn {nrye abyerbn ied yn{b ieoe fnbyeberxe daore ie

abhruxynhajbex j hund~uaer jyrn xuxynbhan ewyrnn"

[rrn`j PA Xaxyefn ie Ndnrfn

Nryhudj ??

Yjin hndiern iax{jbir ie ub xaxyefn ie ndnrfn$ nhxyahn j paxund$ ~ue ùbhajbe hunbijed baped ie ncun ndhnbhe ed fbafj j ed fwafj$ ieyebaebij$ n dn pe|$ ed ùbhajbnfaebyjied xaxyefn ie hjfouxyab hunbij xe ndhnbhe ed baped fbafj ie ncun"

[rrn`j PAA [uerynx ie Ew{djxab

Nryhudj ?8

Dnx hndiernx ~ue uxeb hjfouxyaodex d~uaijx j cnxejxjx iax{jbirb ie ubj j fx iax&{jxayapjx ie xeddjx j hjf{uerynx {nrn ndapaj ie xjore{rexab eb ed gjcnr$ xndpj n~ueddnx{rjpaxynx ie iax{jxayapjx nuyjfyahjx ~ue edafabnb ed raexcj ie ew{djxab"


26/40

?0



27/40

?3


Yyudj PAA

Ie djx Nuyjhdnpex

Nryhudj ?9

Djx nuyjhdnpex ~ue cebernb ed pn{jr re~ueraij {nrn xu j{ernhab xerb hjbxaiernijxhjfj hndiernx {nrn djx eèhyjx ie dn n{dahnhab ied {rexebye _ecdnfebyj"

Nryhudj ?5

Djx nuyjhdnpex ~ue rehaonb ed pn{jr ie ubn ùebye ewyerbn q j{ereb n dn faxfn {rexabie iahgn ùebye$ xe xjfeyerb n dnx abx{ehhajbex q n dnx {rueonx {rexhraynx eb exye_ecdnfebyj"

Nryhudj ?0

Djx nuyjhdnpex ~ue rehaonb ed pn{jr ie ubn ùebye ewyerbn q exyb iaxenijx {nrn j{e&rnr n ubn {rexab abèrajr n iahgn ùebye$ xe xjfeyerb ynfoab n dnx abx{ehhajbex q

{rueonx qn abiahninx" Dn {rexab ie {rueon xer acund n >"5 pehex dn {rexab ie yrnonljied nuyjhdnpe$ hunbij dn abxyndnhab j`re|hn$ n luahaj ied Xerpahaj$ xuàhaebye cnrnbyn ie~ue eb babcubn harhubxynbhan xer {jxaode n{dahnr dn {rexab yjynd ie dn hndiern nd nuyj&hdnpe"

Nryhudj ?3

Yjijx djx nuyjhdnpex ieoerb exynr {rjpaxyjx ie pdpudnx ie xecuraini q ie fnbfeyrj~ue huf{darb hjb dj iax{uexyj eb exye _ecdnfebyj" Dn pdpudn ie xecuraini exynrrecudnin ie fjij ~ue abahae dn epnhunhab ie pn{jr n ubn {rexab bj xu{erajr n dn ie

yrnonlj ied nuyjhdnpe nufebynin eb ub 0%" Yjij nuyjhdnpe ieoer hjbynr hjb pdpudn ie{urcn ie iexhnrcn r{ain"


28/40

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29/40

?1


Yyudj PAAA

Ie dnx _epaxajbex q [rueonx ie dnx Hjbiahajbexie Xecuraini ied Cebernijr ie Pn{jr

[rrn`j A

Iax{jxahajbex Ceberndex

Nryhudj ?7

[nrn pera`ahnr dnx hjbiahajbex ie xecuraini ie djx cebernijrex ie pn{jr$ xyjx ieoerbxer xjfeyaijx n dnx xacuaebyex repaxajbex q {rueonx"

n! _epaxab abyerbn q ewyerbn"o! [rueon gairudahn"h! [rueon hjb pn{jr"i! [rueon ie nhufudnhab"e! [rueonx ex{ehandex"

Nryhudj ?1

Dnx hndiernx ieoerb xer xjfeyainx n dnx repaxajbex q {rueonx ~ue xe abiahnb eb dnxxacuaebyex j{jryubainiex> _ECDNFEBYJ IE HNDIE_NX Q CEBE_NIJ_EX IE PN[J_ I"X" B 97

Nryhudj 8;

Xer rex{jbxnoadaini ied {rj{aeynraj j uxunraj ied cebernijr ie pn{jr$ pednr {jr~ue dnx

repaxajbex q {rueonx xe e`ehyeb eb dnx j{jryubainiex q `jrfn hjfj dj xendn ed {rexeb&ye _ecdnfebyj"

[rrn`j AA

Ie dn _epaxab Abyerbn q Ewyerbn

Nryhudj 8>

[nrn exynx repaxajbex ed {rj{aeynraj j uxunraj ie dn hndiern dn {re{nrnr hjfj xacue

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