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10/2/2014 Decibels to Voltage Gain and Loss convert calculation conversion amplification amplifier electronics - sengpielaudio Sengpiel Berlin
http://www.sengpielaudio.com/calculator-gainloss.htm 1/5
Deutsche Version
Amplifier Conversion − Gain / Loss
Gain means signal strength (amplitude) or amplification.In audio we use only voltage amplification. Forget the power.
The amplification factor, also called gain, is the extent to which an active device boosts thestrength of a signal.
The damping factor, also called loss, is the extent to which a passive device reduces the strengthof a signal.
Amplification means voltage ratio V2 / V1 = Vout / Vin. Voltage gain in dB = 20 × log (V2 / V1).
● Convert Decibels to Voltage Gain / Loss ●
Gain in decibel (+dB)Loss in decibel (−dB)
-3.7485
calculate
Voltage GainVoltage Loss
0.649494
reset
● Convert Voltage Gain / Loss to Decibels ●
Voltage Gain
Voltage Loss
calculate
Gain in decibel (+dB)
Loss in decibel (−dB)
reset
• Voltage and Gain •
Enter any two values - the third will be calculated.
Reference voltage V0 1 V reset
Measured voltage V V reset
Gain G or LV dB reset
10/2/2014 Decibels to Voltage Gain and Loss convert calculation conversion amplification amplifier electronics - sengpielaudio Sengpiel Berlin
http://www.sengpielaudio.com/calculator-gainloss.htm 2/5
calculate all reset
V0 = 1 Volt
Amplification and Damping
To use the calculator, simply enter a value.
The calculator works in both directions of the ↔ sign.
Gain factor v = V2/V1
for field sizes, e.g. voltage
1.000
↔ Amplification level L
voltage level
0.0 dB
0 dB = voltage gain v = 1
Gain and Loss
Gain is:
1) A knob usually found at the top of each input channel on the sound board, usedto set input levels of the separate channels to relatively equal positions.2) The amount of increase in audio signal strength, often expressed in dB.
Gain:The measure of how much a circuit amplifies a signal. Gain may be stated asa ratio of input to output voltage,current or power, such as a voltage gain of 4, or apower gain of 2, or it can be expressed in decibels, such as a line amplifier with again of 10 dB.
Conductive Hearing Loss: a loss of sensitivity to sound, resulting from anabnormality or blockage of the outer ear or the middle ear. The most commoncause of conductive hearing loss is middle ear fluid or infection. Other causesinclude wax build-up in the ear canal, a hole in the eardrum, or damage to the tiny
10/2/2014 Decibels to Voltage Gain and Loss convert calculation conversion amplification amplifier electronics - sengpielaudio Sengpiel Berlin
http://www.sengpielaudio.com/calculator-gainloss.htm 3/5
bones of the middle ear.
Gain or Loss: These are reciprocal numbers; they will be given in several ways.
Usually it is expressed as a ratio. It can be stated as ratio of the primary tosecondary impedances of an audio transformer.
This is given by gain or loss =
This voltage can also be expressed in dB as well.
It is given by the formula: also voltages across the primary and secondary.
dB (decibel): A technique for expressing voltage,power, gain, loss, or frequency inlogarithmic form against a reference.Typical references include volts, watts or Hz.
DeciBels are calculated using the expression: Level in decibel L = 20 × log (x/y) or
L = 10 · log (x/y).
Voltage Controlled Attenuator (VCA):
Similar to a voltage controlled amplifier except that the amplifier will, with no controlvoltage sent to it, have no gain and no loss; as an increasing control voltage is sentto it, the amplifier reduces gain, causing an amplitude loss of signal strength.
Sound level, loudness, and sound pressure are not the same things.There are variations in individual perception of the strength of sound.The sound pressure measured twice as much gives 6 dB more level.The sound perceived twice as loud needs roughly an increase insound level by 10 dB.
Common Gains and Losses Expressed in DecibelsNotice: Power gain is not used in audio engineering.
Gain/loss as a ratio
(out/in)
Gain/loss as a factor
Gain/loss in dB Field sizes (Voltage gain)
Gain/loss in dB Energy sizes(Power gain)
10,000:1 10,000 +80.00 dB +40.00 dB
10,00:1 10,00 +60.00 dB +30.00 dB
100:1 100 +40.00 dB +20.00 dB
10:1 10 +20.00 dB +10.00 dB
5:1 5 +13.98 dB +6.99 dB
4:1 4 +12.04 dB +6.02 dB ●
2:1 2 +6.02 dB ● +3.01 dB
1:1 1 0,00 dB 0.00 dB
1:2 0.5 −6.02 dB ● −3.01 dB
1:4 0.25 −12.04 dB −6.02 dB ●
1:5 0.2 −13.98 dB −6.99 dB
1:10 0.1 −20.00 dB −10.00 dB
1:100 0.01 −40.00 dB −20.00 dB
1:1,000 0.001 −60.00 dB −30.00 dB
10/2/2014 Decibels to Voltage Gain and Loss convert calculation conversion amplification amplifier electronics - sengpielaudio Sengpiel Berlin
http://www.sengpielaudio.com/calculator-gainloss.htm 4/5
1:10,000 0.0001 −80.00 dB −40.00 dB
40 dB voltage gain (amplitude) is 100 times the voltage factor (amplitude).40 dB power gain is 10,000 times the power factor.
Voltage Gain and Power Gain
Voltage (amplitude) gain Power (energy) gain
Voltage ratioFactor V2/V1
Voltage amplificationGV in dB
Power ratio
Factor P2/P1
Power amplificationGP in dB
103 +60 106 +60
102 +40 104 +40
101 +20 102 +20
√10 = 3.16 +10 10 +10
2 +6 4 +6
√2 = 1.414 +3 2 +3
1 ±0 1 ±0
1/√2 = 0.7071 −3 1/2 = 0.5 −3
1/2 = 0.5 −6 1/4 = 0.25 −6
1/√10 = 0.316 −10 10−1 = 0.1 −10
10−1 = 0.1 −20 10−2 = 0.01 −20
10−2 = 0.01 −40 10−4 = 0.0001 −40
10−3 = 0.001 −60 10−6 = 0.000001 −60
V2/V1 = 10(GV in dB/20) GV = 20×log (V2/V1) P2/P1 = 10(GP in dB/10) GP = 10×log (P2/P1)
How many decibels (dB) level change is twice (double, half) or three times asloud?
The dependence of sound levels in dB and their factors − Measurements and perceptions
Table of Sound Levels (dB Scale) − Corresponding Units of Sound Pressure and Sound
Intensity
Convert number relations (ratio) to dB level − number − factor − ratio − parameterConversion of Factor, Ratio, or Gain to a Level Value
Gain and Loss − Field sizes and energy sizes
The decibel calculator (dB) − a valuable tool
Calculation: Amplification (gain) and damping (loss) as level in decibelsAmplifier Conversion − Gain / Loss
Calculation Voltage Gain and Power Gain − Voltage Loss and Power Loss
Comparative representation of sound field sizes and sound energy sizesConversion of sound units (levels)
How to calculate decibels?
The word "power amplifier" is a misnomer - especially in audio engineering.
10/2/2014 Decibels to Voltage Gain and Loss convert calculation conversion amplification amplifier electronics - sengpielaudio Sengpiel Berlin
http://www.sengpielaudio.com/calculator-gainloss.htm 5/5
Voltage and current can be amplified. The strange term "power amplifier" has
become understood to mean an amplifier that is intended to drive a load such
as a loudspeaker.We call the product of current and voltage gain "power amplification".
Questions:For an amplifier with an amplification factor of 100, calculate the following:a) voltage gain in dB.b) voltage gain at the cutoff frequency (break frequency) in dB.c) amplification factor at the cutoff frequency (break frequency).Answers:a) amplification factor 100 = gain 40 dBb) gain at the cutoff frequency is 3 dB, so it is 37 dB.c) gain 37 dB = amplification factor 70.7 at the cutoff frequency.
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