December 9, 2009 Wrigley Science Institute (WSI) Advisory Panel Update

December 9, 2009

Wrigley Science Institute (WSI) Advisory Panel Update

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Today’s Agenda

Welcome and introductions 15 min

Recap of 2009 research and communications 30 min

What to expect in 2010; planned research and communications 45

min

Q&A; additional feedback 15

min

Next steps and closing remarks 15

min

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Welcome and Introductions Gil Leveille & Michael Kelley

Michael Kelley, PhD, RDSenior Principal ScientistWm. Wrigley Jr. Company

Bryan Hanley, PhD Director of Scientific Discovery

Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company

Hosted by:

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Gil Leveille, PhDExecutive Director

Wrigley Science Institute

Frances Coletta, PhD, RDHealth & Wellness Consultant


Amy LindCorporate Relations Specialist


Denise YoungManager, Corporate Relations


WSI Vision and Mission

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Vision

• Be the leading center of excellence in chewing gum and confectionery science related to consumer health and wellness benefits

Mission

• Lead the advancement of scientific knowledge and education on the consumer health and wellness benefits of chewing gum and other confections

WSI Research Pillars

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Oral Health

Explore the role of chewing gum

in the relationship between a

healthy mouth and a healthy

body

WeightManagement

Study weight management,

appetite control, and behavior modification properties of chewing gum

Focus and Concentration

Examine how chewing gum may stimulate the brain and

improve cognitive abilities

Stress Relief

Investigate the role of chewing gum in stress

reduction

Recap of 2009 Research and Communications Michael Kelley, Frances Coletta, Amy Lind

Weight Management in 2009Frances Coletta, Amy Lind

Weight Management: P. Geiselman presentation at Experimental Biology

Short-term effects of chewing gum on specific macronutrient and total caloric intake

• Paula Geiselman, PhD; Pennington Biomedical Research Center

Key finding:

• New research demonstrates role of Extra® sugar-free gum in helping to decrease calorie intake from an afternoon snack, control appetite and reduce snack cravings

Results:

• Chewing Extra sugar-free gum significantly reduced intake of an afternoon snack by 40 calories

– Chewing Extra sugar-free gum specifically reduced sweet snack intake by 60 calories

• When participants chewed gum, they reported that their energy levels were maintained between lunch and an afternoon snack, and were significantly less drowsy as compared to when they did not chew gum during this same time frame

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Paula Geiselman, PhDAssociate Professor

Pennington Biomedical Research Center

Weight Management: Global publication promotion

Sharing the Science at Experimental BiologyNew Orleans, LA – April 18-22, 2009

On-Site Activity

• Dr. Geiselman presented her findings during a poster presentation

Media Activity

• News of Dr. Geiselman’s research generated more than 597 media placements, reaching an audience of more than 61.2 million readers, listeners and viewers

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“Another study adds to a growing body of evidence centering on chewing gum

satiety and cravings.”

“Chewing gum may reduce your craving for snacks and help you

lose weight.”

“You might be able to

cut down on snacking

by chewing more

sugarless gum.”

Weight Management:Sharing the science with ADA members

ADA Food and Nutrition Conference & ExpoDenver, CO – October 18-20, 2009

• “Food cravings: from appetite control to weight management”

• Gil Leveille, PhD; Molly Gee, MS, RD; and Paula Geiselman, PhD provided session attendees with a new understanding of food cravings, featuring:– Client case studies highlighting the potential role of chewing gum– Information from Dr. Geiselman’s research about the nature of cravings

and the role of chewing gum as a tool to manage cravings

• Well attended by ADA conference attendees, with an audience of 850

• WSI joined the Mars booth in the exhibit hall, alongside six other Mars brands

• The team distributed approximately 7,500 samples of Extra sugar-free gum

Nutrition News ForecastChicago, IL – April 2009

• Gil Leveille, PhD; Paula Geiselman, PhD; and Todd Parish, PhD, of Northwestern University shared insights on the Benefits of Chewing and provided the audience with a taste of the future of functional chewing benefits

12

Weight Management:K. Melanson presentations at The Obesity Society (TOS)

Impact of chewing gum on appetite, meal intake, and mood under controlled conditions

Relationships between gum chewing, energy expenditure and RQ before and after controlled breakfasts

• Kathleen Melanson, PhD and Daniel Kresge, PhD; University of Rhode Island

• Supported by a WSI Research Award presented by TOS in 2007

Key finding:

• Chewing sugar-free gum can help lower calorie intake and increase energy expenditure

Results:

• After subjects chewed gum in the morning, their calorie intake at lunch was decreased by 68 calories

– Despite consuming fewer calories at lunch, participants did not report greater hunger and did not compensate by increasing calorie intake later

• When subjects chewed gum with a relaxed, natural pace before and after eating, their energy expenditure increased

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Kathleen Melanson, PhDAssociate Professor

University of Rhode Island

Weight Management: Global publication promotion

Sharing the Science from The Obesity Society

Washington, D.C. – October 24-28, 2009

On-Site Activity

• Dr. Melanson presented her findings during two poster presentations

• WSI sponsored a ”gum break” at TOS during the poster sessions

• Distributed nearly 3,000 packs of gum to TOS meeting attendees and 200 pieces of BoC literature

Media Activity

• News of Dr. Melanson’s research generated more than 2,000 media placements, reaching an audience of more than 37.6 million readers, listeners and viewers

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“… gum-chewing people

consumed 67 fewer calories

at lunch and didn't

compensate by eating more

later in the day.”

Chewing sugar-free gum may help you lose weight by eating fewer calories and increasing

energy output.

New research just presented at the Obesity

Conference in Washington, DC shows chewing sugar-free gum

can increase your energy.”

Weight Management:L. Whigham presentation at The Obesity Society (TOS)

Effects of gum chewing on weight loss

• Leah Whigham, PhD; University of Wisconsin-Madison

• The research was supported by a WSI Research Award presented by TOS in 2007

Key finding:

• The pilot study had inadequate power to detect differences in main outcomes (i.e., changes in weight, fat mass, fat-free mass, energy expenditure and energy intake)

• Trends in the study indicate increased gum chewing may be correlated with beneficial changes in body composition

Results:

• Results showed no significant effects in main outcomes but did demonstrate trends for correlations between improved body composition changes and increased gum chewing

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Leah Whigham, PhDAssociate Scientist

University of Wisconsin-Madison

Focus & Concentration and Stress Reliefin 2009

Michael Kelley, Amy Lind

Focus & Concentration; Stress Relief:C. Johnston presentation at Experimental Biology

Gum chewing affects academic performance in adolescents

• Craig Johnston, PhD; Baylor College of Medicine

Key finding:

• The study demonstrated the role of chewing gum in helping to improve academic performance in a “real life” classroom setting

Results:

• Students who chewed gum had a significantly greater increase in their standardized math tests scores after 14 weeks of chewing gum in math class and while doing homework compared to those who did not chew gum

• Students who chewed gum had final grades that were significantly better than those who didn’t chew gum

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Craig Johnston, PhDBaylor College of

Medicine

Focus & Concentration; Stress Relief: Global publication promotion

Sharing the Science from Experimental Biology

New Orleans, LA – April 18-22, 2009

On-Site Activity

• Dr. Johnston presented his findings during a poster presentation

Media Activity

• News of Dr. Johnston’s research generated more than 503 media placements, reaching an audience of more than 64.2 million readers, listeners and viewers

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“In one study, students who

chewed gum had better final grades compared with the

non-chompers.”“…

students who chewed gum

during math class had higher

scores on a standardized math test

after 14 weeks … than students in

the class who did not chew gum.”

“A new study out says chewing gum raises kid's math scores…”

Focus & Concentration; Stress Relief:A. Smith publication in Stress and Health

Chewing gum, stress and health

• Andrew Smith, PhD; Cardiff University

• Accepted online June 2009

Key finding:

• Study suggests that chewing gum may be a simple way of preventing stress and the negative health outcomes that are often associated with it

Results:

• Chewing gum was associated with lower levels of perceived stress (both at work and life in general)

• Gum chewers were also less likely to be depressed and to have seen their doctor for high blood pressure or high cholesterol

• Those who chewed gum were also more likely to be exposed to negative factors at work

• Logistic regression analyses showed that the effects of chewing gum on stress and health remained significant when these confounding factors were controlled for

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Andrew Smith, PhDProfessor of Psychology

Cardiff University

Focus & Concentration; Stress Relief:A. Smith publication in Nutritional Neuroscience

Effects of chewing gum on mood, learning, memory and performance of an intelligence test


• Published in April 2009

Key finding:

• This study showed that chewing gum increases alertness and improved intellectual performance

Results:

• Chewing gum increased alertness at the end of the test session in both parts of the study ― this effect was in the region of a 10 percent increase and was highly significant

• Chewing gum improved the accuracy of performing the Alice Heim test, which confirms the benefits of gum on test performance seen in an earlier study

• There were no significant effects of chewing gum on any aspect of recall of the story or on the short memory tasks

• Overall, the results suggest the need for further research on the alerting effects of chewing gum and possible improved test performance in these situations

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Focus & Concentration; Stress Relief:A. Smith publication in Human Psychopharmacology

Effects of caffeine in chewing gum on mood and attention


• Published in April 2009

Key finding:

• Chewing caffeinated gum was shown to improve performance efficiency and mood by its alerting and energizing effects

Results:

• Caffeinated gum was associated with a more positive mood and better performance on tasks requiring sustained attention

• The caffeine improved the speed of encoding of new information which is consistent with previous findings

• Chewing placebo gum was also found to be associated with a more positive mood, both shortly after chewing and at the end of the study

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Focus & Concentration; Stress Relief:A. Scholey publication in Physiology and Behavior

Chewing gum alleviates negative mood and reduces cortisol during acute laboratory psychological stress

• Andrew Scholey, PhD; Swinburne University of Technology Brain Sciences Institute

• Published in June 2009

Key finding:

• Chewing gum can help ease tension, improve mood and alertness

Results:

• Participants experienced significantly greater levels of alertness, a reduced state of anxiety and reported being in a better mood when they chewed gum

• When they chewed gum, participants performed significantly better whether at mild or moderate levels of induced stress and participants had significantly lower levels of salivary cortisol (physiological marker of stress) when they chewed gum, compared with not chewing gum

• Although chewing gum did not have a significant effect on any single task, chewing gum did result in a significant improvement in overall (averaged) performance on the multi-tasking activities

• Dr. Scholey’s research generated more than 1,600 media placements, reaching an audience of more than 240 million readers

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Andrew Scholey, PhDProfessor

Swinburne University of Technology

Focus & Concentration; Stress Relief:S. Zibell and E. Madansky publication in Current Medical Research and Opinion

Impact of gum chewing on stress levels: online self-perception research study

• Steve Zibell, Elaine Madansky; Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company

• Published in May 2009

Key finding:

• Gum chewers were more calm and relaxed in dealing with life’s everyday stresses when they chewed gum

Results:

• The study demonstrated a relationship between decreased stress and gum chewing and suggests chewing gum may help reduce perceived levels of everyday stress

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What to Expect in 2010: Planned Research and Communications

Frances Coletta, Michael Kelley and Amy Lind

Weight Management in 2010Frances Coletta

WSI Weight Management Research in 2010

Pending publication

Short-term effects of chewing gum on snack intake and appetite (Study II)

• M. Hetherington, PhD; University of Leeds

• Objective: Follow-up study tested the hypothesis that chewing gum would reduce food intake in individuals who restricted their food intake (i.e. restrained eaters) in an effort to lose or maintain a healthy weight

Short-term effects of chewing gum on specific macronutrient and total caloric intake

• P. Geiselman, PhD; Pennington Biomedical Research Center

• Objective: To examine the effect of sugar-free gum on controlling subsequent food intake and its effect on a subjective rating of appetite; specific macronutrient intake of an afternoon snack; hedonic ratings of foods with specific macronutrient content

Effect of chewing gum in a multi-site, long term weight loss and weight management program

• T. Wadden, PhD; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia

• Objective: A one-year randomized controlled trial investigated whether the addition of daily gum chewing to a group lifestyle modification program for weight loss would produce greater appetite control and weight loss than group lifestyle modification would alone

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Pending publication (cont’d)

Impact of chewing gum on energy expenditure

• K. Melanson, PhD; University of Rhode Island

• Objective: To explore short-term appetite control and energy expenditure using respiratory quotient

Ongoing

Chewing gum as a behavior modification tool

• D. Allison, PhD; University of Alabama - Birmingham

• Objective: To demonstrate chewing gum is a stand-alone behavior modifier in weight loss and management

Macronutrient validation of oral-sensation cravings scales for Wrigley Cravings Index

• P. Geiselman, PhD; Pennington Biomedical Research Center

• Objective: To validate oral-sensation cravings scales with respect to specific levels of macronutrient content

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Ongoing (cont’d)

Chewing sugar-free gum decreases hunger complaints in between meals in obese children

• D. Preud'homme, MD, CNS; University of South Alabama

• Objective: To test two hypothesis in low-income, obese children:

1. Chewing sugar-free gum at the time of the hunger sensation will decrease that sensation to a level that will abate the urge of snacking

2. The decrease of hunger sensation from chewing sugar-free gum will decrease the daily caloric intake and impact the BMI of children with obesity

Use of chewing gum to prevent weight gain in humans taking atypical antipsychotic medication

• J. Nasser, PhD, RD; Drexel University

• Objective: To test the hypothesis that chewing sugar-free gum, which helps relieve dry mouth, will result in less weight gain in those using a typical antipsychotic medication compared with historical data (from published studies referenced in PDR)

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Focus & Concentration in 2010Michael Kelley

WSI Focus & Concentration Research in 2010

Pending publication

Role of chewing gum in improving charter school student exam scores

• C. Johnston, PhD; Baylor College of Medicine

• Objective: To assess the impact of chewing gum on students’ standardized math test scores and final grades

Pending completion

The effect of chewing gum on cognition during stress

• T. Parrish, PhD; Northwestern University

• Objective: To use state-of-the-art technology (fMRI, EEG, heart rate, heart beat variability, skin response, etc.) to measure the physiological and psychological effects of chewing gum

The effect of gum chewing on attention and its physiological mechanism

• H. Zhang; Beijing Normal University

• Objective: To show the positive effect of chewing gum on alertness and attention, and correlate the effect via physiological mechanisms

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WSI Focus & Concentration Research in 2010

Pending completion (cont’d)

Role of chewing gum in reducing anxiety in school student exam scores

• Dr. Lu; Beijing Normal University

• Objective: To assess alertness and anxiety in students and analyze exam scores in correlation with gum chewing or non gum chewing

The effects of gum chewing on scholastic aptitude test

• C. Johnston, PhD; Baylor College of Medicine

• Objective: To examine if adolescents who chew gum will have significantly improved SAT scores and other scholastic benchmarks compared to adolescents who do not chew gum

Planned research

Brain activity mapping during gum chewing in a stressed condition

• X. Zhou, PhD; Peking University

• Objective: To map the psychological effect of gum correlated to brain activity

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Stress Relief in 2010Michael Kelley

WSI Stress Relief Research in 2010

Pending publication

Chewing gum and stress: An initial intervention study on occupational stress

• A. Smith, PhD; Cardiff University

• Objective: To determine the effect of gum chewing on measures of stress type and level, along with mental health, during the work day of office workers in the UK

Pending completion

Effects of gum chewing on mood and cortisol levels during psychological stress

• X. Zhou, PhD; Peking University

• Objective: To determine whether chewing gum under stressful conditions can improve cognitive performance and measures of stress

Factors influencing mood and cognitive effects of chewing gum

• A. Scholey, PhD; Brain Sciences Institute at Swinburne University

• Objective: To determine the factors responsible for reduction of stress and enhancement of cognitive abilities and mood by gum chewing — the nature of the reduction will be assessed and additional factors such as the effect of flavor systems and age of the subjects are planned for assessment

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Oral Care in 2010Michael Kelley

WSI Oral Care Research in 2010

Pending completion

Role of chewing gum in the relationship between a “healthy mouth and a healthy body”

• R. Genco, DDS, PhD; State University of New York at Buffalo and T. Van Dyke; Boston University

• Objective: To explore the effect of chewing gum on reducing the results of bacterial inflammation in the oral cavity (plaque and gingivitis) and, thereby, reducing biomarkers that can be used to measure systemic inflammation that can lead to diseases like heart disease or diabetes

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Sharing the Science in 2010

Planned communications:

Research published and presented at scientific conferences

Global publication promotion to media, health influencers, consumers

Visibility with professionals at conferences, exhibits, presentations

Biannual InfoBrief sent to 1,000+ influencers

Expert Report for key influencers

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Q&A; Additional Feedback

Next StepsAmy Lind

Next Steps

Anticipate receiving an executive summary and minutes from today’s meeting within the next several weeks

Anticipate receiving contracts for 2010 by January and an invitation for a lengthier call in Q1

Please send any photo or bio updates to [email protected]

Survey to be sent via e-mail

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Thank You

Documents

December 9, 2009 Wrigley Science Institute (WSI) Advisory Panel Update