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Patient Information Handout PATIENT HANDOUT ON DE QUERVAIN’S TENOSYNOVITIS WHAT IS DE QUERVAIN’S SYNDROME? De Quervain’s is a painful tendonitis that occurs along the radial (thumb side) of the wrist. People often feel that they have pain when gripping, particularly when the thumb is flexed into the palm (Figure 1). ANATOMY OF DE QUERVAIN’S SYNDROME: The tendons that control the thumb pass through a very tight tunnel at the level of the wrist. (Figure 2). These tendons control the joints at the base of the thumb. They are called the abductor pollicis longus and the extensor pollicis brevis. Although some patients have only one of each tendon; there are frequently two or more tendons. Often times there is a dividing wall or septum that separates the tendons, which increases the chance of friction occurring within this narrow canal (Figure 3A). The more tendon slips that one has, the higher the chance it is that the condition will occur and that it will not respond to conservative or nonoperative treatment. WHO HAS DE QUERVAIN’S TENOSYNOVITIS? De Quervain’s syndrome can occur in individuals of all age groups. It is particularly common in mother shortly after they deliver a baby. It is thought that the act of repetitively lifting the shoulder underneath their arms with the child’s arm between the thumb and index finger is a causative factor. Also, the wrist position during breast feeding can be a causative factor. However, some women develop de Quervain’s tenosynovitis during pregnancy, which is much more difficult to explain and may be related to the hormones released during pregnancy. HOW DO WE DIAGNOSE DE QUERVAIN’S TENOSYNOVITIS? For the most part, this syndrome is diagnosed clinically. The Finkelstein’s test is performed by having the thumb grasped in the hand and with the wrist flexed and rotated towards the small finger as demonstrated in the figure Figure 1 above. In addition, there could be tenderness when the tunnel where the tendons travel through is tapped or percussed. This is very helpful in differentiating de Quervain’s tenosynovitis from thumb arthritis. In thumb arthritis, the tenderness occurs at the base of thumb whereas in de Quervain’s the Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5

De Quervain's Tenosynovitis 8-14-12 - Bellevue Bone & … ·  · 2017-01-31causative!factor.!!However,!some!women!develop!de!Quervain’s! ... HOW!DO!WE!DIAGNOSE!DE!QUERVAIN’S!TENOSYNOVITIS?!

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Page 1: De Quervain's Tenosynovitis 8-14-12 - Bellevue Bone & … ·  · 2017-01-31causative!factor.!!However,!some!women!develop!de!Quervain’s! ... HOW!DO!WE!DIAGNOSE!DE!QUERVAIN’S!TENOSYNOVITIS?!

Patient  Information  Handout    

 

   PATIENT  HANDOUT  ON  DE  QUERVAIN’S  TENOSYNOVITIS      WHAT  IS  DE  QUERVAIN’S  SYNDROME?    De  Quervain’s  is  a  painful  tendonitis  that  occurs  along  the  radial  (thumb  side)  of  the  wrist.    People  often  feel  that  they  have  pain  when  gripping,  particularly  when  the  thumb  is  flexed  into  the  palm  (Figure  1).      ANATOMY  OF  DE  QUERVAIN’S  SYNDROME:  

The  tendons  that  control  the  thumb  pass  through  a  very  tight  tunnel  at  the  level  of  the  wrist.    (Figure  2).    These  tendons  control  the  joints  at  the  base  of  the  thumb.    They  are  called  the  abductor  pollicis  longus  and  the  extensor  pollicis  brevis.    Although  some  patients  have  only  one  of  each  tendon;  there  are  frequently  two  or  more  tendons.  Often  times  there  is  a  dividing  wall  or  septum  that  separates  the  tendons,  which  increases  the  chance  of  friction  occurring  within  this  narrow  canal  (Figure  3A).    The  more  tendon  slips  that  one  has,  the  higher  the  chance  it  is  that  the  condition  will  occur  and  that  it  will  not  respond  to  conservative  or  nonoperative  treatment.      WHO  HAS  DE  QUERVAIN’S  TENOSYNOVITIS?    De  Quervain’s  syndrome  can  occur  in  individuals  of  all  age  groups.    It  is  particularly  common  in  mother  shortly  after  they  deliver  a  baby.  It  is  

thought  that  the  act  of  repetitively  lifting  the  shoulder  underneath  their  arms  with  the  child’s  arm  between  the  thumb  and  index  finger  is  a  causative  factor.    Also,  the  wrist  position  during  breast  feeding  can  be  a  causative  factor.    However,  some  women  develop  de  Quervain’s  tenosynovitis  during  pregnancy,  which  is  much  more  difficult  to  explain  and  may  be  related  to  the  hormones  released  during  pregnancy.      HOW  DO  WE  DIAGNOSE  DE  QUERVAIN’S  TENOSYNOVITIS?  For  the  most  part,  this  syndrome  is  diagnosed  clinically.    The  Finkelstein’s  test  is  performed  by  having  the  thumb  grasped  in  the  hand  and  with  the  wrist  flexed  and  rotated  towards  the  small  finger  as  demonstrated  in  the  figure  Figure  1  above.    In  addition,  there  could  be  tenderness  when  the  tunnel  where  the  tendons  travel  through  is  tapped  or  percussed.    This  is  very  helpful  in  differentiating  de  Quervain’s  tenosynovitis  from  thumb  arthritis.    In  thumb  arthritis,  the  tenderness  occurs  at  the  base  of  thumb  whereas  in  de  Quervain’s  the  

Figure  1  

Figure  2  

Figure  3  

Figure  4  

Figure  5  

Page 2: De Quervain's Tenosynovitis 8-14-12 - Bellevue Bone & … ·  · 2017-01-31causative!factor.!!However,!some!women!develop!de!Quervain’s! ... HOW!DO!WE!DIAGNOSE!DE!QUERVAIN’S!TENOSYNOVITIS?!

Patient  Information  Handout    

 

tenderness  occurs  at  the  level  of  the  wrist.    In  some  individuals,  one  is  difficult  to  differentiate  between  the  two  conditions  and  ultrasound  test  can  be  helpful.      HOW  DO  WE  TREAT  DE  QUERVAIN’S  SYNDROME?  One  of  the  most  effective  treatments  is  the  use  of  steroid  injections  into  the  tendon  sheath.    (Figure  4).    It  is  important  to  use  special  steroids,  steroid  medications,  or  cortisone  injections  that  are  soluble  and  free  of  any  long-­‐acting  particles.    These  long-­‐acting  particles  can  cause  atrophy  of  the  tissues  and  blanching  of  the  skin  pigments,  leaving  areas  that  appear  recessed  from  the  atrophy  of  the  fat  cells.    A  brace  is  applied  that  immobilizes  the  thumb  and  the  wrist.    Generally,  we  recommend  only  a  single  course  of  injection  and  splinting.    If  the  symptoms  do  not  respond  within  four  to  six  weeks,  it  may  be  necessary  to  proceed  with  surgery.    The  surgery  that  is  involved,  releases  the  tight  compartment  known  as  the  1st  dorsal  compartment  to  take  the  pressure  off  the  tendons  (Figure  5).    This  helps  to  create  more  space  for  the  tendons.    The  body  ultimately  heals  the  area  where  the  tendon  canal  or  sheath  was  incised.  When  it  does,  it  creates  a  new  sheath  that  is  of  the  correct  diameter  that  avoids  irritation  and  friction.    We  recommend  making  the  location  of  the  incision  along  the  dorsal  margin;  the  site  is  close  to  the  back  of  the  hand  to  prevent  any  problems  with  tendon  subluxation.      WHAT  IS  INVOLVED  WITH  SURGERY?  The  surgery  is  done  as  an  outpatient  often  with  a  general  anesthetic,  though  a  regional  block  can  be  used.    The  patient  is  to  wear  a  splint  after  surgery  for  approximately  10  days  to  help  the  tendons  to  heal  without  being  inflamed  or  irritated.    A  general  course  of  therapy  for  two  to  three  weeks  is  generally  recommended  once  the  sutures  are  removed  10  days  after  surgery.    In  general,  the  patient  can  return  to  most,  activities  in  three  to  four  weeks  after  the  surgery.    Typically  local  anesthetic  is  injected  in  the  area  of  surgery  to  help  provide  pain  relief.    This  can  also  provide  some  numbness  in  the  region  of  the  thumb,  this  is  expected  and  is  normal.              

   ______________________  Thomas  E.  Trumble,  M.D.  Figures  courtesy  of  Principles  of  Hand  Surgery  and  Therapy  edited  by  Dr.  Trumble