DC and Waveform Generation Analog Output for PCI and

Spring 1999 13National Instruments • Tel: (512) 794-0100 • Fax: (512) 683-9300 • [email protected] • www.natinst.com

DAQ DEVELOPMENTS

For more information on the 6704, 6711,and 6713 families of DAQ boards, go towww.natinst.com/info/news to viewdetailed data sheets.

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DC and Waveform Generation Analog Output for PCI and CompactPCI

Two new families of NationalInstruments data acquisition products

increase the update rate and resolution foranalog output applications. The 6711 and6713 families are available for PCI andPXI/CompactPCI computers, offering 12-bit analog outputs that performwaveform generation at rates up to 1 MS/s.The 6704 family is also available for PCIcomputers and offers 16-bit voltage andcurrent outputs.

1 MS/s Waveform GenerationThe 6711 and 6713 families are 12-bitanalog output boards with 4 or 8 channels,respectively. Each board can performwaveform generation at up to 1 MS/s perchannel. In addition, each device features

8 digital I/O lines; two 24-bit, 20 MHzcounter/timers; and digital triggeringcapabilities. Each device uses the PCI MITEASIC and deep onboard FIFOS to achieveseamless waveform outputs up to 1 MS/s.You can control the update rate with anonboard timer or supply your own externalupdate signal.

High-Resolution DC Analog Output The PCI-6704 is a high-resolution voltageand current output device. With this board,you get 32 independent analog outputs. Ofthese, 16 outputs are voltage sources with abipolar output range of ±10 V. Theremaining 16 outputs are 0 to 20 mAcurrent sources. 1

New Timing ASIC in Latest Counter/Timer Boards

Advanced timing and synchronizationcapabilities are a fundamental

technology for measurement andautomation solutions. National Instrumentsdeveloped the NI-TIO™ ASIC to improveperformance for timing and countingapplications. This new ASIC is an integralcomponent of the PCI-6602 and PXI-6602,both of which deliver eight high-performance, 32-bit counter/timers.

New Timing I/O FeaturesEach of the eight 32-bit counters on 6602devices has a gate, up/down, and sourceinput that can be controlled by external orinternal timing signals. In addition, eachcounter has one output that can be routedexternally or internally to other counters.Each counter can accept source inputs upto 80 MHz – a 4 x performanceimprovement over our DAQ-STCcounter/timers. In addition, you can enable prescalers on the 6602 devices toincrease the maximum source frequency to 125 MHz.

With 6602 devices, you can set eachinput to pass through a digital debouncingfilter to eliminate glitches on the inputsignal. You can choose from four softwareselectable filter settings to determine thecut-off frequency or use another counter togenerate a custom cut-off frequency.

Solve New ApplicationsWith the new hardware and softwarefeatures of the 6602 family, you can solve awide variety of counting and timingapplications, including:• Pulse and pulse-train generation• Single and buffered parameter

measurement• Frequency shift keying• Two-signal edge

separation measurement 1

For more information on the 6602 family,go to www.natinst.com/info/news to viewdetailed data sheets.

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Each counter/timer also features thenecessary conditioning for directconnection to quadrature encoders,making 6602 devices an economical choice for motion encoder measurements.The software-selectable filters describedabove are ideal for noisy encoders. The6602 devices also perform Z-indexing for precision encoder measurements.Finally, 6602 devices feature eightdedicated digital I/O lines, as well as 24 shared digital I/O lines. Any of theunused 24 counter/timer lines can beconfigured individually as software inputor output digital lines for up to 32 totaldigital inputs and outputs.

Buffered Counter/TimerOperationsIn conjunction with the new 6602 family,our NI-DAQ driver software nowperforms continuous double-bufferedcounter operations. The 6602 familyincludes our PCI MITE ASIC for threechannels of bus-master DMA transfers thatdeliver flawless high-speed transfersdirectly to PC memory. Now, bufferedcounter operations follow the samearchitecture as our analog input productsand can be easily synchronized acrossmultiple devices for precision-timedmeasurement systems.

6602 Family Specifications

Counter/Timers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 bits

Max Source Frequency

. . . . . . . . .80 MHz (125 MHz with prescalers1)

Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TTL/CMOS

Digital I/O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Up to 32

Pulse Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ✓

Buffered Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ✓

14 Spring 1999 National Instruments • Tel: (512) 794-0100 • Fax: (512) 683-9300 • [email protected] • www.natinst.com

DAQ DEVELOPMENTS

The First Portable CompactPCI Computer

The PXI-1025 MegaPAC is the world'sfirst completely integrated portable

computer, based on CompactPCI and PXIspecifications. The MegaPAC brings a higherlevel of modularity, ruggedness, and capabilityto portable computing and instrumentation.National Instruments developed the PXI-1025 MegaPAC in conjunction withDolch Computer Systems to combine therugged modular architecture of CompactPCIand the instrumentation extensions of PXIwith a proven portable platform thatintegrates a flat-panel LCD, keyboard,pointing device, and CD-ROM drive.

The PXI-1025 MegaPAC works withthe new PXI-8150B Series of embeddedcontrollers, which are available withprocessors up to 333 MHz and integrate all standard computer functions. The PXI-8150B Series controllers also providean integrated interface for controlling theflat panel display, keyboard, pointingdevice, and CD-ROM of the MegaPAC.The PXI-1025 MegaPAC comes with eithera 300 Watt universal AC input powersupply or a special combination powersupply that can accept 10 to 32 V of DCpower and/or 85-265 V of AC power. The

DC input power supply is alsoavailable with a battery back-up option that acts as anuninterrupted power supply.

Unlike other portablecomputers that use desktop PCmechanics, the PXI-1025 usesthe well-defined, ruggedEurocard construction. Thisconstruction was specificallydeveloped for demandingindustrial applications and itsruggedness has been provenover decades of use. Controller andperipheral modules can be removed andreplaced easily and quickly without havingto remove covers. By incorporating PXIspecifications, the PXI-1025 MegaPACoffers integrated timing and triggeringcapabilities not available on traditionaldesktop PC-based systems.

The MegaPAC is ideal for field testapplications such as in-vehicleinstrumentation, portable telecom-munications test, transportation systemmonitoring, and field data acquisition.Using the wide variety of PXI andCompactPCI plug-in modules available

National Instruments is pleased tointroduce the SCXI-1127, a high-

voltage multiplexer/matrix module. Thisunique product offers exciting newapplication solutions for low-cost, low-speed data acquisition systems, signalrouting, and system control.

from numerous vendors worldwide, thePXI-1025 can be customized to meet thespecific demands of each application.National Instruments supplies over 30different data acquisition, instrumentation,motion control, image acquisition, businterface, and industrial communicationsmodules for PXI and CompactPCI.1

For more information on PXI-1025MegaPAC, visit the 1999 online catalog toview the data sheet.

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New SCXI™-1127 Module Offers New Application SolutionsSignal RoutingThe SCXI-1127 can also operate as amatrix. As a matrix, the SCXI-1127converts its 64 I/O lines into a matrix of8 columns and 4 rows of 2-wire signalconductors. By programmatically closingrelays in the module, a user can connectany row(s) to any column(s). In typicalmatrix applications, test signals connect to the columns and test instrumentsconnect to the rows. With this setup,particular test signals can be routed tomultiple instruments without having toreconnect signals, reducing test time andincreasing productivity. 1

For more information on SCXI-1127,go to www.natinst.com/info/news to view the data sheet.

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Data Acquisition SystemsThe SCXI-1127 can operate as a 64-channel multiplexing module fordigital multimeters. The power of a digitalmultimeter rests in its ability to measure avariety of signal types, includingthermocouples, RTDs (with current

excitation provided by the DMM),low-voltage signals, and high-voltage signals. The SCXI-1127leverages this power by expandingDMM channel count. Because theSCXI-1127 uses high-voltagearmature relays with low thermalnoise, you can measure test signalsaccurately, regardless of theiramplitude. With a scanning DMM,you can acquire data at rates of up to100 Hz. This rate provides low-speed data acquisition solutions forcustomers measuring a variety ofsignal types.


USER SOLUTIONS

by Jonathan Robertson, Electrical Engineer,Caron Engineering, Inc.

The Challenge: Automaticallyquantifying and documenting thequality of an encoder on a servomotor at final assembly.The Solution: Building anautomated PC-based system usingthree NI 5102 plug-in oscilloscopesfor PCI synchronized over the RTSIbus and controlled with LabVIEW.

When Inductive Components, Inc.,identified the need to quantify anddocument the quality of encoders built intoservo motors they manufacture, they askedCaron Engineering, Inc., to develop anautomated test stand for testing a servomotor assembly. Ideally, the operatorwould simply wire up the servo and selectthe motor/encoder combination to betested. This procedure would check for thecorrect motor and then determine thequality of encoder channels A, B, the indexpulse, and all their complements (a total ofsix channels), if applicable.

HardwareWe selected the NI 5102 computer-basedoscilloscope for its speed, its ability to besynchronized with other NI 5102instruments by a common trigger, and itsease of integration with LabVIEW. Weselected the Sorensen programmablepower supply for its power (1,000 W at 80 VDC) and the ability to set and verifyprecise voltage levels and current limits viaRS-232 from the PC. We used a 166 MHzPentium PC running Windows NT.

The ProcessThe test stand runs the motor and tests theencoder at Ke , the “motor voltageconstant.” Ke for a particular DC motor isthe voltage that produces a speed of 1,000rpm. This test is used to verify that thecorrect unit is being tested and that thedirection of motion is correct. The indexpulse is used to determine actual speed ofthe motor. If the measured speed is 1,000rpm, then the specified Ke matches themotor being tested. Encoder system qualityis checked at 1,000 rpm. The obvious

parameters are counts perrevolution, amplitude, andduty cycle of each channel.Less obvious parameters thatrequire testing are the phasejitter of the rising and fallingedges of channel A, channelB, and between channels Aand B. Alignment of theindex pulse to channel A and its width is also criticalfor homing sequences ofservo systems.

Software IntegrationRegarding the total systemintegration, the initial userinterface is a Visual Basic(VB) application where theuser selects a motor/encoderassembly from an Accessdatabase, assigns a serialnumber, and begins the test.The VB application sets thevoltage and current limit onthe power supply. When asteady-state condition hasbeen reached, keyparameters, (such as Ke, andencoder line count) are passed via dynamicdata exchange (DDE) to LabVIEW.LabVIEW then checks speed via the index

pulse and executes the test. Applicableparameters are passed back to VB, where apass/fail decision is made. The operator isalerted; the appropriate label/documentationcan be printed; and the process is ready tobegin again.

ConclusionThe excellent results from our automatedtest stand have been manually verified in anumber of ways. With the NI 5102 scope

boards and LabVIEW, we can accuratelytest the quality of any given encoder as anassembled component of a servo motor.The ability to collect and analyze the sheeramount of data with the requiredsynchronization in a timely manner on aPC is a testament to the quality of NationalInstruments products. The ability totransfer data via DDE (or any othermethod of data transfer) to LabVIEW givesus the capability to use any user interface,database, and power supply we choose,increasing the portability of this system toother applications as well as reducingdevelopment time and costs. 1

For more information, contact JonathanRobertson, Caron Engineering, Inc.P.O. Box 1529, Rt. 109, Wells, ME 04090 tel (207) 646-6071, fax (207) 646-6983,e-mail [email protected]

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Encoder Quality Testing Using NI 5102 and LabVIEW

As a testament to their quality,National Instruments products cansuccessfully collect and analyze largeamounts of data with the requiredsynchronization in a timely manner.

Printer

PC with three (3) NI 5102digital oscilloscope boardsWindows NT 4.0, LabVIEW, Visual Basic, and Access

Encoder Data

Motor PowerRS-232

Sorenson Programmable Power Supply

200196

System layout for Encoder Quality testing.


VXI DEVELOPMENTS

Recently, National Instrumentsannounced the world’s fastest

embedded VXI controller, the Pentium II-powered VXIpc™-870 Series. CombiningNational Instruments ASIC interfacetechnology with the 450 MHz IntelPentium II processor, the VXIpc-870 Seriesachieves unprecedented levels of PC andVXI performance. The VXIpc-870/450 notonly exceeds the performance of the 200MHz Pentium Pro VXIpc-860/200 –previously the fastest embedded controller– but also offers a new class of embeddedcomputer performance by incorporatingthe latest PC advancements into its design.Moreover, the VXIpc-870 Series is availableat less than 40 percent of the price of theVXIpc-860/200.

The VXIpc-870/450 delivers more than twice the overall performance of theVXIpc-860/200. The Intel Pentium IIfeatures a true 32-bit internal architecture,MMX technology, 16K/16K non-blockinglevel 1 cache, and an integrated 512 level 2 cache.

The chart illustrates the performance ofthe processors used on the VXIpc-800Series embedded controllers. For thepurpose of comparison, the performanceof the 233 and 166 MHz Intel PentiumMMX, as well as the 200 MHz PentiumPro, are also shown. These processors were featured on National Instruments VXIpc-850 and VXIpc-860 controllers.

The ICOMP index provides a relativemeasure of microprocessor performance.The chart is not a benchmark, but instead a collection of benchmarks used tocalculate an index of relative processor

performance. Thechart is intended tohelp end users decidewhich Intelmicroprocessor bestmeets their needs.

Superior VXI and GPIBPerformanceAll VXIpc-870models featureMITE andTNT4882C™ customASICs, which deliverhighly reliable,unmatched VXI andGPIB performance.Because VXIpc-870controllers use theMITE ASIC with integrated DMA andVME64 capabilities, the controllers canachieve greater than 30 Mbytes/s VXI datatransfer rates. Users can connect to GPIBinstruments directly from the front panelof the VXIpc-870 to realize the fastestGPIB performance available today. TheTNT4882C-backed GPIB port fullycomplies with the HS488 specification andcan transfer data across GPIB at ratesapproaching 8 Mbytes/s.

About the VXIpc-870/450The VXIpc-870 Series uses an innovativemechanical design, packaging Intel’shighest performance Slot I microprocessorsin a two-slot C-size unit. Because theVXIpc-870 Series is based on the Slot 1architecture, future versions of the VXIpc-870 Series can be based on Intel’shigh-performance processor technology.The Slot 1 architecture also ensures thatend-users can upgrade to the latest Inteltechnologies as soon as they are available –quickly and easily. The VXIpc-870 alsoemploys Intel’s latest Pentium II chipsettechnology, which provides a 100 MHzFront Side Bus and an Advanced GraphicsPort (AGP) for high-performance graphics.

Choose Your ConfigurationThe VXIpc-870 is available in one of threedifferent configurations. The firstconfiguration, the VXIpc-871, includes all

of the features mentioned above, but alsoadds an integrated 24X CDROM. TheVXIpc-872 uses the same base model asthe VXIpc-871, but offers one PCI/ISAexpansion slot instead of a CDROM.The third option, the VXIpc-873, istargeted toward users that need solid state storage media for operation in harshenvironments. The VXIpc-873 may beordered with either an internal solid-statedrive in place of the internal hard drive,or a removable solid-state drive that youcan install and remove directly from thefront panel.

The VXIplug&play-compliant VXIpc-870/450 comes with NI-VXI™/VISAand NI-488.2 installed and configured onthe hard drive. Programs written usingprevious versions of the VXIpc-800 Seriesor any VXIplug&play-compliant controllerrun unmodified on the VXIpc-870/450.The VXIpc-870/450 may be ordered witheither Windows 98 or Windows NTinstalled. VXIpc-870 Series are expected to ship to customers in the second quarterof 1999. 1

For more information on the VXIpc-870Series, the world’s fastest embedded VXIcontroller, go to www.natinst.com/vxi

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First Embedded Pentium II VXI Controller Is Announced

All VXIpc-870 Models Feature:

• Ultra DMA 33 EIDE interface to storage devices

• 3.5 in. Floppy Drive• Ultra Wide SCSI-3• HS488 compatible GPIB port• AGP Graphics• 10/100 BaseT Ethernet• USB• PC CARD• PS/2 keyboard and mouse• Serial and Parallel ports• 64 MB of SDRAM standard

(192 MB maximum)


On August 24, 1998, in Salt Lake City,Utah, the VXI Consortium approved

Version 2.0 of the VXI-1 specification – themain system specification for the VXIbus.Version 2.0 significantly upgrades version1.4, doubling data throughput andimproving bus utilization whilemaintaining complete compatibility withthe previous specification.

To increase data throughput, the VXIconsortium incorporates key elementsfrom the ANSI standard VME64specification, which is the current standardfor VME – the main bus specification fromwhich VXI is based. VME64 increases theprimary VXIbus data path from 32 bits to64 bits, thereby boosting the overallVXIbus throughput from 40 Mbytes/s to80 Mbytes/s.

The typical 32-bit read or write datatransfer occurs in two phases: addressingthe device and handshaking the data.During the address phase of a typicaltransfer, the data lines (DTB) are idle.

Conversely, the address lines are idle duringthe data handshaking phase. To maximizethe backplane resources, VME64 uses theaddress and data lines in tandem to expandthe total address and data range to 64 bits –without needing additional backplanehardware. Because the VME64 standardrequires no additional connector pins,VME64-capable devices can execute D64transfers over existing VXI backplanes andcan coexist in the same system withoutconflict. The slave device becomes aware of a D64 transfer by monitoring the samebackplane signals as with traditional data transfers.

In the past, most VXI devicescommunicated using 16-bit registertransfers for both message-based andregister-based instruments. Whenperformance dictated system requirements,VXI vendors responded by introducingmore VXI instruments with D32 capability.Performance continues to be an importantissue for VXI end-users; VXI vendors, in

turn, have introduced products compatiblewith the VME64 specification. All ofNational Instruments MITE-based VXIcontrollers, such as the new embeddedPentium II VXIpc-800 Series, the new VXI-1394 controllers, and the MXI-2 VXI-PCI8000 Series, all have D64capabilities built-in to take full advantageof new VXI 64-bit performance.

The adoption of the VXI 2.0specification by the VXI consortiumhighlights the consortium members’commitment to the VXI standard. NationalInstruments also remains committed toVXI and continues to develop powerfuland innovative VXI controllers and devicesfor measurement and automation. 1

For more information on the new VXI 2.0specification, go to www.natinst.com/vxi

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VXI 2.0 Specification Approved -- New VME64 Doubles Throughput

VXI DEVELOPMENTS

TECH NOTES

Increase YourGPIB Performance

Performance is essential whenbuilding an automated

measurement system. Increasingperformance has clear implications forproduction test and GPIB-based dataacquisition applications. The IEEE 488(GPIB) bus serves as the backbone ofmany automated measurement systems.Thus, it makes sense to evaluate differentoptions that can assist in increasingGPIB system performance. Test andR&D engineers continue to use GPIBbecause it is an easy-to-use, time-proven interface that offers the widestselection of measurement devices thatyou can incorporate into an automatedmeasurement system. The applicationnote, titled “Eight Ways to Increase

Eliminating Noise in GPIB Systems

GPIB Systems Performance,”discusseseight options that can be used inharmony with GPIB to help increasesystem performance. 1

When using rack-and-stack GPIBsystems in production test or

other noisy environments, eliminatingthe effects of noise is important formaking reliable measurements. Oneway to eliminate noise is to useshielded GPIB cables to connect yourGPIB controlled instruments to yourPC. The application note, titled“Eliminate Noise in Your GPIBSystem,” discusses sources of noiseand cable specifications. 1

To view the GPIB application notes,go to www.natinst.com/info/news

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IMAQ DEVELOPMENTS

New IMAQ™ Vision Builder AcceleratesVision Software Development

Converging technologies, such as thePCI-bus and Intel MMX, have created

so much bandwidth and computing powerthat engineers are beginning to considerPC-based vision a standard measurementand automation tool. Because of the newlyavailable bandwidth and computing power,professionals who are controlling processesor making traditional temperature, pressure,and signal measurements are nowexpanding their capabilities to includemachine vision. In the past, vision softwaresolutions were relegated to a small numberof vision experts. National Instrumentscreated IMAQ Vision Builder to make visionsimpler for experienced measurement andautomation professionals looking toembrace vision as a new tool.

Vision Builder addresses the primarychallenge a new vision developer faces whenbeginning a vision application – How do Iuse vision software to solve my application?In addition, Vision Builder appeals to theexperienced vision developer because itaddresses their greatest challenge – Howcan I reduce development time and cost?

Rapid Application DevelopmentEnvironment for VisionThe new National Instruments interactivevision software environment – IMAQVision Builder – combined with the IMAQVision software library and an applicationdevelopment environment, such asLabVIEW, BridgeVIEW, or MicrosoftVisual Basic, are the foundation for a newapproach to vision software development.

Overall, an interactive vision tool suchas Vision Builder is a key component torapidly developing an application. WithIMAQ Vision Builder, you can: interactively

test different vision functions with noprogramming; change an image processingcontrol parameter and immediatelyvisualize the resulting image; test yourvision software strategy against a databaseof test images; and more.

Most machine vision beginners areoverwhelmed by all of the slick algorithmsfrom which they can select. With VisionBuilder, you can interactively solve imageenhancement, counting, sizing, gaugingand measurement, color, and feature-finding applications for inspection,pharmaceutical, automotive, semi-conductor, electronic, medical, andscientific applications.

For experienced vision developersunder pressure to reduce costs and time tomarket, Vision Builder can acceleratesoftware development. For example, DataScience Automation, a National InstrumentsAlliance Program member, uses VisionBuilder as a part of their vision applicationdevelopment process. The company usesVision Builder to develop a piston O-ringapplication for an engine manufacturer.

A rapid application developmentapproach for vision software developmentcan save you and your company significantamounts of development time and cost.Vision Builder is a key time-savingdevelopment tool that can be used forrapid application development. WithVision Builder, you can cut overalldevelopment time by combining the time-consuming vision software strategy testsand experiments phase with the visionapplication development phase. VisionBuilder offers a quick way for newmeasurement and automation professionalsto learn how vision functions are used tosolve applications. Plus, it offersexperienced vision developers thecapability of saving hours of developmenttime in finding a solution. 1

For more information on Vision Builder,go to www.natinst.com/info/news to viewthe white paper or check this option onthe reply card.

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New Low-CostIMAQ Hardware

The new IMAQ PCI-1407 delivershigh-quality solutions at an

affordable price to vision developers.For vision developers who are

looking to reduce hardware costs, theIMAQ PCI-1407, an image acquisitionplug-in board, offers a high-accuracymonochrome video input and anexternal trigger. Use the PCI-1407 witha single RS-170 or CCIR monochromecamera and acquire images at rates upto 30 frames/s.

The PCI-1407 has the followingadvanced speed-enhancing features:programmable region of interest, gain,and offset; onboard decimation; andlookup table processing. Using theprogrammable region of interest tools,you can configure the board to transferonly a subset of the image to PCmemory for processing, resulting infewer pixels to process. For example, areduced image can increase processingspeeds because it operates on 48 percentfewer pixels. The onboard decimationfeature scales the image by removingevery 2nd, 4th, or 8th pixel (powers oftwo only). Once again, by reducing thenumber of pixels (decimation) fasterprocessing on the PC is possible. Theprogrammable region of interest anddecimation is performed on the IMAQPCI-1407, resulting in no processingoverhead on the PC. 1

For more information on IMAQ PCI-1407, go to www.natinst.com/imaq

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SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENTS

As plug-in technologies become moreadvanced, more and more

measurement systems developers turn totheir computers to perform dataacquisition, replacing stand-aloneinstruments with plug-in boards. Thus, inthe shift to computer-based measurementtechnologies, more emphasis is placed onsoftware integration. Today, engineersspend less time dealing with hardware andmore time prototyping, integrating, anddeploying software. Many developers try toreduce programming time by using genericC++ compilers such as Microsoft VisualC++ and Borland C++. However, thesecompilers are designed to provide general-purpose tools to a wide variety ofindustries. Thus, simple measurementsystems, such as a temperature monitoringsystem, often require more time andresources to develop.

The development process is multifold.First, you must test all the hardware in yoursystem. Second, you must prototype anddevelop segments of the application toensure functionality. Finally, you mustpiece your application together to derivethe final product. Making the process moreefficient in any one of these steps greatlyreduces the cost of developing themeasurement application. Out of thethree-step process, developers can save themost time by streamlining the prototypingsegment of their application development.

Incorporating measurement-specifictools into the design process greatly reducesthe time spent testing and prototypinghardware I/O modules. LabWindows/CVIhelps reduce development time byfacilitating rapid application development.

With the LabWindows/CVI userinterface (UI) editor and debugging tools,

you can build even more complexprototypes. You do not need to usecomplicated graphics calls to build the UI;instead, use the drag-n-drop editor to builda UI that displays test data. LabWindows/CVIeliminates much of the coding process bygenerating skeleton code from your UI.

Because LabWindows/CVI is an ANSIC environment, you can bring all code anduser interfaces developed during theprototyping stage into your generic C++compiler to complete your application.This feature eliminates loss of time andresources. Thus, LabWindows/CVI savesdevelopment time and money. 1

To learn more about the benefits ofLabWindows/CVI, go towww.natinst.com/cvi

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Streamline Prototyping Applications Using LabWindows/CVI

National Instruments recentlyintroduced TestStand – the next

generation test executive. TestStand is aspeed-optimized, 32-bit test managementenvironment that raises the bar for testexecutive performance. Capable of callingtests written in a variety of test languages,including LabVIEW, LabWindows/CVI, orany test compiled as a DLL or ActiveXautomation server, TestStand providesunprecedented test development flexibility.With parallel sequence execution, automaticlimit loading, flexible data sharing, databaseconnectivity, and a fully customizableoperator interface, TestStand is a high-performance solution for a wide variety oftest applications.

Reduce Test TimeMany test applications require extremelyfast test system execution. TestStand isdesigned for high-volume or high-complexity tests where speed and flexibilityare paramount. TestStand includes a testexecution engine specifically designed toexecute test sequences with as littleoverhead as possible.

One measure of test executiveperformance is per-step overhead – the

time the test executive takesto execute a single test step,not including the time to execute the test codeitself. On a 266 MHzcomputer runningWindows 95, TestStand canexecute a DLL test step withas little as 0.3 millisecondsof overhead per step, almost100 times faster thanLabVIEW orLabWindows/CVI TestExecutive Toolkits.

Low per-step overhead isnot the only way in which TestStand canreduce test times. With powerful features,such as multithreading, flexible datasharing, and built-in database connectivity,the test engineer can develop test routinesthat make intelligent decisions duringtesting to optimize performance.

During testing, TestStand can usethe provided Statistical Process Control(SPC) tools to monitor product yields and other statistics to determine whethercertain tests should be run on everyproduct, or just periodically. Finally, aTestStand sequence can take advantage

of the built-in database components,which use the new ADO database standardfrom Microsoft for faster database access, to put results directly into any ODBC database. 1

To find out more about how TestStandcan help lower test time, contact yourlocal National Instruments representativeor go to www.natinst.com/teststand

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TestStand Designed for Speed and Flexibility


USER SOLUTIONS

Second, the actuator testbedincludesinstrumentationhardware andsoftware for datagathering, analysis,and archiving.The RoboticsResearch Group used a NationalInstruments PXIindustrial computer,DAQ boards,and LabVIEWsoftware for datacollection.

System ConsiderationsWe had certain requirements for both the hardware and software used on theactuator testbed. Concerning hardwarerequirements, we used a PC-basedoperating system, a rugged platform, atleast four expansion slots for interfacinghardware, and Ethernet connectivity.For data acquisition we needed at leastfour analog I/O channels and four digitalI/O lines. We used a data acquisition cardthat reduced our development time.

Regarding software, we required aprogramming environment that supporteddata acquisition, graphing and charting,GUI, data archiving and analysis, and anease of programming suitable formechanical engineers.

The test system combines a PXI computer (PXI-1000 chassis with PXI-8156 controller) with a DAQ board(PXI-6040E with SCB-68 connectorblock), a dynamometer (vibrac TM1054),a dynamometer electronic controller,and servo-amplifiers that control the test

by Chetan Kapoor, Chief Scientist andSeongho Kang, Research Assistant,Robotics Research Group, University ofTexas at Austin

The Challenge: Automating thetesting of electromechanical actuatorsin order to collect and analyze dataregarding their performance,reliability and endurance.The Solution: Using adynamometer coupled with a brakeand a load motor, along with a PXIindustrial computer and LabVIEWsoftware, for data collection, analysis,archiving, and display.

The primary focus of the RoboticsResearch Group of The University of Texasat Austin is the design and development of intelligent machines (primarilyrobotics), with emphasis on modularity,distributed control, performance, andcondition-based maintenance.

The key building block of thesemachines is the standardized intelligentactuator, which is analogous to themicroprocessor of the computer industry.These actuators are electromechanicalsystems that are comprised of motor, gear-train, brake, clutch, sensors (up to 10),embedded digital motion controller, andembedded control software. For theseactuators to be successful, it is imperativethat we characterize their endurance,reliability, and all other performance data.These specifications are necessary for betterdesign of systems that use these actuatorsand also to develop control algorithms thatcan be used to enhance the performance ofthese actuators.

Two fundamental aspects thatinfluenced the design of the testbed weresupport and instrumentation needs. First,the mechanical and electrical design mustsupport the following:· A load-motor that could be used to apply

varying programmed loads on the testactuator (the dynamometer comesequipped with a brake that can applyonly static loads)

· A design that allows the testing ofactuators with different shapes, sizes,and capacities

Actuator Performance and Reliability Test System

motor and the load motor, whichperforms precise testing of the many types and sizes of robot actuators.

We chose to use LabVIEW for thetestbed software developmentenvironment because it satisfied all of ourrequirements. We use LabVIEW dataacquisition VIs for both analog input andoutput. The VIs gather actuator speed,torque, and temperature information andmonitor voltage on the servo-amplifiermodules to control the speed of the testactuator and load motor. Using LabVIEW,we also developed the graphical controlpanel of the testbed, which simplifiedexperi-mentation. The GUI displaystorque, speed, voltage, current,temperature values, hardware inputs,control commands, and load controls.

With PXI hardware, DAQ boards, andLabVIEW, we developed a fully automatedrobot actuator testbed. Because of theexcellent documentation and technicalsupport provided by NationalInstruments, we were able to complete theproject within budget. Future workinvolves the development of software thatsupport additional tests. 1

For more information, contact ChetanKapoor, Ph.D., Mechanical Engineering,JJPRC/MER 1.206 A, Mail Code R9925,Austin, TX 78712-1100,E-mail: [email protected],Web: www.robotics.utexas.edu/rrg


Because of the excellentdocumentation and technical supportprovided by National Instruments, wewere able to complete the projectwithin budget.


Use the new DAQ Designer 99 tointeractively configure your custom

measurement solution. After describingyour application, DAQ Designerrecommends PC-based hardware andsoftware to use that best fits your specificneeds. Use the recommended hardwareand software to connect any signal to yourPC, including data acquisition, signalconditioning, image acquisition, and other instruments. This free CD-ROM also recommends more than 50 newproducts and includes video product

Design Your Own Data Acquisition Systemwith DAQ Designer™ 99

For more information, contact LTR Publishing, Inc. at 214-706-0587 orvisit www.ltrpub.com to download asample issue.

PERIPHERALS

National Instruments now offers threenew application notes. With “Tips and

Techniques in DAQ Triggering” (341576A-01), you can learn how to set up a dataacquisition system to start analog-to-digitalconversions as soon as an external event(trigger) occurs.“Digital I/O Applications”(341631A-01) explains the different datatransfer modes used in digital I/Oapplications so you can better select adevice to meet your application needs. Forinformation on how to use National

Instruments PXI and DAQ hardware todevelop easy-to-program systems thatrequire precise synchronization and thetiming of I/O functions, refer to “AdvancedSynchronization Techniques for DataAcquisition” (341575A-01).1

For your FREE copy, please contactNational Instruments and request theapplication notes by title or part number.


National Instruments Offers Three NewDAQ Application Notes

The National Instruments 1999Measurement and Automation

Catalogue is now available online. Thecatalogue, which features more than 800pages of industry-leading software andhardware products, can be accesseddirectly through our Web site atwww.natinst.com/catalog

Check out the National Instrumentscatalogue online atwww.natinst.com/catalog

1999 CatalogueAvailable Online

descriptions, tutorials, data sheets,application notes, and automatic productupdates via the Web. 1

For more information about DAQDesigner 99, go to www.natinst.com/daq

LabVIEW Technical Resource, thequarterly journal written by and

for LabVIEW users and developers,recently released the 1999 upgrade to the library of back issues available on CD.

The LabVIEW Technical ResourceLibrary of Back Issues CD Vol. 1-6 includes the contents of each of the 20 issues and resource disks published byLTR Publishing since its inception in1993. Using an online LTR search Engine, you can easily browse throughmore than 150 articles and virtualinstruments for specific topics aboutLabVIEW programming. 1

Scott Doerr, who used LabVIEW andBridgeVIEW based systems in

conducting tests, has been nominated asEngineer of the Year for his contributionsto the X-33 project and EM Pumptesting. The X-33 project dealt withaerospike rocket engine control supportand data acquisition. 1

Engineer of theYear Nominee

LabVIEW Technical Resource Back Issue Upgrade Available

Worth Reading“Continuous Monitoring of Internal-

Combustion Engines Using LabVIEW,” by Alden Cramer and Greg Beshouri, User Solutions article,July 1998. A1030-02

“Designing a Virtual Sound-Level Meter in LabVIEW,” by Dean Capone and Gerald Lauchle, User Solutions article,July 1998. A1130A

“Encoder Quality Testing Using NI 5102 Digital Oscilloscopes and LabVIEW,”by Jonathan Robertson, User Solutionsarticle, December 1998. A1296

"Environmental Surveys for Electron Microscopes Using LabVIEW, " by John Sackett, User Solutions article,December 1998. A1370

“Measuring Internal Combustion EngineIn-Cylinder Pressure with LabVIEW,”by William Doggett, User Solutions article, November 1998. A1574

ALLIANCE NEWS

continuously and record and save testinformation to disk for reporting andcomparing multiple specimenperformance. Analog output providesexternal signal input to most controllers.Data capture is compatible with most high-level and low-level conditioned signals. 1

For more information, contact MTS Systems Corporation,14000 Technology Drive, Eden Prairie,MN 55344, tel (612) 937-4632,fax (612) 937-4515,e-mail: [email protected],web www.mts.com

Servohydraulic Mechanical Test System

Automated Recorder Test System (ARTS)


Vektrex, an Alliance Programmember, offers a LabVIEW-based

system designed to test DTR6/8-typewide-band recorder/reproducers. Thesystem verifies that the units operate inaccordance with manufacturerspecifications in stand-alone mode andwhen configured with accessories suchas the Time Division Multiplexer. Alltests are performed according to theRange Commanders Council (RCC)118-89 testing methods and themanufacturer’s recommendations.

The automated recorder test system(ARTS) is designed for facilities wherethe Datatape DTR6/8 recorder is used inwide-band recording applications. ARTSconsists of a roll-around desk that iseasily portable to different facilities tosupport recorder maintenance. Self-testand calibration routines ensure testerintegrity and guarantee one volt RMS atrecorder input. In addition, manufacturer

MTS Systems Corporation, an AllianceProgram member, offers a National

Instruments-based system for high-precision electromechanical andservohydraulic test applications. The MTSGPA, based on LabVIEW and NationalInstruments hardware, is a multichannelsignal generator and data acquisitionsystem that offers test profile generationand continuous or scheduled applications.The GPA provides multichannel outputwaveforms. You can set channels to haveindependent frequencies, synchronizedphases, or a user-defined, non-cyclicwaveshapes. Data acquisition options include a simple onscreen scope, continuous,timed acquisition, and flexible data capturebased on time, cycle count, digital input, oramplitude of captured signals.

To ensure that all specimens experienceidentical loads and stresses, you can easilydefine and save multi-block profiles. Withthe user-defined waveform, you canrepeatedly load waveforms that cannot bedefined as simple sinusoidal or triangularwaves. With the data acquisition options,you can monitor feedback signals

Strain Gauge Data AcquisitionSystem

specifications used to determine pass/failstatus are maintained in a database.

ARTS captures proven testmethodology, allowing reproducible andrepeatable testing in an automated modeand leveraging in-house expertisedeveloped over time. Thus, tests andprocedures and the interpretation of testresults do not vary from one technician tothe next. The graphical user interfacereduces the learning curve associated withthe maintenance and calibration ofmission-critical recorders such as theDatatape DTR6/8. And, the system includesa manual trouble-shooting mode for quickverification and fault identification. 1

For more information, contactVektrex Electronic Systems, Inc.,tel (619) 578-6787, fax (619) 578-6873,e-mail [email protected],web www.vektrex.com

Stress Engineering, an Alliance Programmember, is introducing an enhanced

version of the SES Strain Gauge DataAcquisition System. This system, based onthe National Instruments PXI-1010combination chassis, is an industrial-gradeunit designed for both field and laboratoryuse. The system features 32 channels ofstrain measurement and can expand to 128channels without the need for additionalchassises. In addition, the PXI platformprovides a wide selection of additional dataacquisition and analysis capabilities.

The system includes “SES DAQ” ready-to-run DAQ software. You can set upchannels to: identify input type – voltage,current, or thermocouple; define automatictwo point calibrations – zero and span;display and plot a list of channels; and storethe data as comma-delimited ASCIIcompatible files. Other options includesettings for Rosette panels, Wheatstonebridge nonlinearity corrections,temperature-induced apparent strain,transverse sensitivity, and stress reduction.

Stress Engineering provides design,analysis, and testing services in laboratorieslocated in Houston, Texas, and Cincinnati,Ohio. The laboratories currently havetensile load frames with capacities up to 10,000,000 lb. Stress Engineering providesboth laboratory and in-field testing, andapplies more than 3,000 strain gauges annuallyfor temperature ranges up to 1100 ˚F. 1

For more information, contact Stress Engineering Services, Inc., 13800Westfair East Drive, Houston, TX 77041,tel (281) 955-2900, fax (281) 955-2638,e-mail [email protected],web www.stresseng.com

Visit www.natinst.com/alliance

ALLIANCE NEWS

vehicles. With nv-DAQ, drivers can planand conduct tests and quickly assess results.Prior to starting a test drive, the tester cancreate an experimental plan, preparing allrun conditions. The driver’s dataacquisition screen identifies deviationsfrom target conditions, plus the occurrenceof abnormal signal conditions such asoverloads, underloads, and tachometerpulse train errors. In addition, the testercan perform unattended analyses andexport all test series data to a spreadsheetor other analytical software. 1

For more information, contact Dateppli,Inc., 3333 East Patrick Road, Midland, MI48642,tel (517) 839-1040,fax (517) 839-1042,e-mail [email protected],web www.dateppli.com


In-Vehicle Data Acquisition Systems for Noise, Vibration, and Harshness


T .e.s.t., a Canadian Alliance Programmember, has developed a

Temperature Chamber Monitor usingLabVIEW and FieldPoint. Thedevelopment of the monitor addressesthe needs of a large number ofcompanies that possess temperature-monitoring equipment in their testlaboratories. The chamber monitoringsystem is independent of the type and

make of otherchambers usedby thesecompanies.Moreover, itprovidesflexibility andfunctionalityat a verycompetitiveprice. With thesystem, youhave completecontrol oversystemmonitoringwhilemaintainingthe tracking

control essential to today’s stringentprocess requirements.

You can set test and measurementconfigurations for each chamber. Thebase system permits independentmonitoring control of up to fourtemperature chambers, with up to eightthermocouple channels per chamber. Inaddition, you can monitor up to fouranalog input channels per chamber,

Temperature Chamber Monitoring Systemincluding Gain and Offset constants foreach channel. You can also control up to four digital output channels perchamber, based on two associatedthermocouple channels and multipledelays for each channel.

Using Execution Operations, you cancontrol the execution of the program.The system acquires all data andconfiguration parameters as well aslogging identification of the chamber. Allgenerated files are titled, storedautomatically in the applicable directory,and made available for printing. Storedreports are formatted as tab-delimitedtext for simple incorporation intodocuments and summary reports. Youcan also change configurations remotelyvia network connections, even if theapplicable chambers are in operation. 1

For more information, contact t.e.s.t.,313 Sunnyside Ave., Suite 101,Toronto ON M6R 2R3, Canada tel (416) 530-4088, fax (416) 530-4219,e-mail [email protected] www.t-e-s-t.com


Dateppli, Inc., an Alliance Programmember, has created two National

Instruments-based systems for vehicledynamics and tire testing. The systems useLabVIEW and National Instruments DAQhardware to acquire vehicle data under anyroad conditions. The systems offercustomized anti-aliasing filters, ruggeddesign, portability, in-seat form factor, andeasy-to-use software.

For vehicle dynamics testing, the DRIVE™

system performs standard tests consistently,learns new tests quickly, and includes the fullspectrum of capabilities required to conducttesting successfully. Its modular architectureand multi-option software also makes theDRIVE system an open-ended solution fora variety of applications.

DRIVE is designed for non-technicaldrivers who run prescribed tests configuredby the project engineer. From the simple

user interface to the voice-recorded notesthat drivers can add to each test file, DRIVEmakes it easy to document all relevant datafor each test. Because of its portability,simple localized connectivity, and single-unit design, set up and tear down of theDRIVE system is done quickly, making itpossible to test multiple vehicles in a singleday. DRIVE has already become a standardin many vehicle dynamics facilities.

The other system, nvDAQ™, is suited forprofessionals looking for a cost-effective in-vehicle data acquisition and analysissolution for performing tire vibration tests.With the nvDAQ system, drivers canperform tests consistently and quicklyanalyze test results. nvDAQ acquiresvibration data for vehicle tire testing andalso provides a powerful tool forautomotive noise and vibration engineerswho are developing smoother and quieter

Corporate Headquarters: 11500 N Mopac Expwy, Austin, TX 78759-3504 USA • Tel (512) 794-0100 • Fax (512) 683-9300 • [email protected] • www.natinst.comPrinted in USA

11500 N Mopac ExpwyAustin, TX 78759-3504

Industriële Electronica Netherlands Mar 2-5Int’l Automation & Control Technology Exposition

China Mar 7-9Scada Systems Netherlands Mar 9-10ISA Monterrey Mexico Mar 9-11Nat’l. Manufacturing Week Chicago, IL Mar 15-18Drives and Control U. K. Mar 16-18KOFA 99 Korea Mar 30-Apr 299 Guangzhou Industrial Control & Automation

Exposition China Mar 31-Apr 3

ISA Alberta Calgary, AB Apr 7-8Taiwan Automation Trade Show Taiwan Apr 9-12Sensor & Control Expo Japan 99 Japan Apr 14-16Hannover Industrie 99 Germany Apr 19-24Interphex New York City, NY Apr 20-22Rocky Mountain Technology Expo

Denver, CO April 21-22Asia Industrial Technology Congress

Hong Kong Apr 26-29Computer 99 Switzerland Apr 27-29

Offshore Technology ConferenceHouston, TX May 3-6

Sensors Expo Baltimore, MD May 4-6Mido ’99 Italy May 7-10ISA Instrument Expo Toronto, ON May 11-12Automated Mfg. Greenville, SC May 11-13C&I 99 U. K. May 11-13Automation Finland May 20-22Kaoshung Machine Tool Show Taiwan May 21-25

This newsletter represents a commitment fromNational Instruments to the environment.

UPCOMING EVENTS

Trade Shows Look for the National Instruments booth at these upcoming trade shows:

NIWeek 99 – The Worldwide Conference on Measurement and Automation

Building Your Future – Today!There is a revolution underwayconcerning how you develop systems. Joinus for NIWeek 99, the measurement andautomation event of the year, to learnabout the latest PC-based technologies and techniques, so you can build yourfuture – today!

Conference OverviewNIWeek 99 is the annual NationalInstruments technical conference. Eachyear, we pack the sessions with in-depthtraining on our hardware and softwareproducts, and you hear from yourcolleagues and industry experts about thelatest technologies and their applications.At the exhibition, you see these products in action.

NIWeek is a must for:• Engineers and scientists involved in test,

measurement, data acquisition,and automation

• Alliance Program members, developers,systems integrators, and consultants

• Instrument manufacturers and strategic partners

Alliance DayThe day before the conference (August 17) is dedicated to the particular needs of thedevelopers, consultants, and systemsintegrators of our Alliance Program.

Best Applications ContestWe invite you to participate in the NIWeek 99Best Applications Contest. Share yourexperience with your colleagues on yourinnovative use of PC-based measurementand automation and get a discount onyour registration fee. The abstract deadlinehas been extended to March 31, 1999.

Make Your Reservations Now!The NIWeek 99 registration fee is $595before June 1, 1999, and $695 thereafter.The Alliance Day registration fee is $100. 1

To register on-line, go towww.natinst.com/niweek, check NIWeekinformation on the reply card, or contactus at NIWeek 99 Registration.National Instruments,11500 N Mopac Expwy,Building B, Austin, TX 78759-3504,tel (512) 794-0100, fax (512) 683-9300,e-mail [email protected]

August 18-20, 1999 • Austin Convention Center • Austin • Texas

Change Service Requested

Documents

DC and Waveform Generation Analog Output for PCI and