Day1/ Session 3 Governance and Perspective of Decentralization & Deconcentration

Day1/ Session 3

Governance and Perspective of

Decentralization &

Deconcentration

ObjectivesAt the end of the session participants will be able to:1.Define in practical terms the meaning of governance, decentralization and deconcentration.

2.Explain the reasons of implementing the decentralization and deconcentration reforms.3.Describe the core foundations of decentralization and deconcentration reforms.

Pact Cambodia I www.pactcambodia.org

Governance

Decen-tralizatio

n

Deconcentration

The Importance of D&D Reforms

vishmCÄkar

Policy and Legal

Frameworks that help

support the implementatio

n of D&D Reforms

Tips of the Session


Questions for Small Group Discussion

• Group 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6: Question: “What is governance? and

briefly describe what you have observed about governance in Cambodia” • Group 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12: Question: “What is good governance?

What are the principles of good governance? and

briefly describe what you have observed about

good governance in Cambodia”


Governance

The Governance means the ways in which nation-state, institutions manage its economic and social affairs, and security, in the interests, and on the behalf, of its citizens.

What is Governance?

What is Governance?


Good Governance

Good governance is the means that state, institutions, or organizations use to govern economy, social affairs, and security to serve the common interests of the citizens by fulfilling 8 principles below: Good Governance for C/S councils by DOLA/MOI, Nov05, page6

What is Good Governance?What is Good Governance?

Good Governa

nce

1. Participation

2. Rule of Law

3. Transparency

4. Consensus oriented

5. Equity 6. Effectiveness

7. Accountability

8. Responsiveness


Democratic Culture

Improve Public Service Delivery and

InfrastructureSocial and Economic Development

Poverty Alleviation

Good

G

ove

rnan

ce

Participation

Transparency

Consensus oriented

Equity

Effective &

efficiency

Rule of Law

Responsiveness

Accountability


Questions for Pair Discussion

1. What is Decentralization?

2. What is Deconcentration?


Decentralization

Decentralization: The Royal Government gives

sub-national councils, such as Municipal,

Provincial, Districts, Khans, Communes, and

Sangkat councils, the ownership of functions,

authorities and resources (financial, property,

and staff) in order to respond to the local

needs. The council must be accountable to local

residents.


Deconcentration

Deconcentration: The Royal Government,

ministries or institutions delegate functions and

resources to their own lower unit or to a level

of councils to implement on behalf of the Royal

Government, the ministries or the institutions. The

units or the councils must be accountable to the

Royal Government, ministry or institutions in

accordance with the requirements of the

delegation.


Basic Principles of D&Dthe reforms will strengthen

the roles of councils at

provincial/ municipal,

district/khan and

commune/sangkat

administrations to be

established in accordance

with the principles of

democracy by expanding

their powers, duties,

responsibilities and

resources.

The reform will introduce

systems and procedures as

ensure that people, especially

women, vulnerable groups

and indigenous minorities

can participate in decision-

making at provincial/

municipal, district/khan and

commune/sangkat levels. Reforms will strengthen accountability at all levels of administration and facilitate citizens' oversight of the administrative and financial affairs of those administrations.

The reforms will strengthen

local capacity in using

resources to support poverty

reduction activities, especially

vulnerable groups, indigenous

minorities and women and

children in order to achieve

the Millennium Development

Goals of Cambodia.

Focusing on

poverty reductio

n:

Effective- ness Reform will bring public services closer to users by allowing

citizens to participate in planning and monitoring public

services in order to meet local needs and priorities. The

reform will also improve administration and coordination,

strengthen the management capacity of provinces/

municipalities, districts/khans and communes/sangkats in

order to promote the quality of services and expand the

delivery of public services.

Public sector

account-ability

Democra-tic Repre-sentation

Basic Prinicip

les of D&D

Reforms

Participa-tion of the people


Basic Principles of D&D

Democratic Representation

The reforms will strengthen the roles of councils at provincial/municipal, district/khan and commune/sangkat administrations to be established in accordance with the principles of democracy by expanding their powers, duties, responsibilities and resources.



Participation of the people

The reform will introduce systems and procedures as ensure that people, especially women, vulnerable groups and indigenous minorities can participate in decision-making at provincial/ municipal, district/khan and commune/sangkat levels.


Basic Principles of D&DPublic sector accountability

Reforms will strengthen accountability at all levels of administration and facilitate citizens' oversight of the administrative and financial affairs of those administrations.



Effectiveness

Reform will bring public services closer to users by allowing citizens to participate in planning and monitoring public services in order to meet local needs and priorities.

The reform will also improve administration and coordination, strengthen the management capacity of provinces/ municipalities, districts/khans and communes/sangkats in order to promote the quality of services and expand the delivery of public services.


Basic Principles of D&DFocusing on poverty reduction

The reforms will strengthen local capacity in using resources to support poverty reduction activities, especially vulnerable groups, indigenous minorities and women and children in order to achieve the Millennium Development Goals of Cambodia.


Question for Pair Discussion

Why do we need to have

decentralization and

deconcentration reforms?


Reasons for D&D Reforms

• Citizens can participate in local decisions

• Effective and closer public service delivery to citizens

• Increase possibility of resource mobilizing at local level with contribution from citizens, civil society and private sector

Source - Key principles for management of Sub-National Administrations by NCDDS Jun09,p7

Reasons

• Strengthen multi-party democracy at local level

• Promote social and economic development

• Promote local development and poverty reduction with local ownership and the opportunity for citizens to participate in the decision making process

Source - Key principles for management of Sub-National Administrations by NCDDS Jun09,p8

Objectives


Question for Brainstorming

Is there any policy and legal

framework that help support the

implementation of D&D reforms?


• Rectangular Strategy• Strategic Framework

on Decentralization and Deconcentration reforms

Policy Framework

• Law on Administrative Management of Commune/Sangkat

• Law on Administrative Management of the Capital, Provinces, Municipalities, Districts and Khans

Legal Framework

Key D&D Policy & Legal Frameworks

Documents

Day1/ Session 3 Governance and Perspective of Decentralization & Deconcentration