Day 3 Session 3 Country Experience on Monitoring Social Protection, Presentation of India

7/28/2019 Day 3 Session 3 Country Experience on Monitoring Social Protection, Presentation of India

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Monitoring Social Protection:The Experience of India

Dr. Praveen Shukla,Central Statistics Office, India

(www.mospi.nic.in)

Capacity Development Workshop on Measuring Social ProtecBPS-Statistics Indonesia, Jakarta, May 14-16, 2013

Disclaimer: The views expressed in this paper/presentation are the views of the author and do not necessarilreflect the views or policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), or its Board of Governors, or the governmenthey represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts noresponsibility for any consequence of their use. Terminology used may not necessarily be consistent with ADofficial terms.


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Socio-Economic Profile of India

As per Census 2011

Total Population 1211 Millions Child Population (0-6 years) -164.5 Millions Work Participation Rate 39.8%

Poverty Estimate (2009-10) 29.8% (Rural 33.8%, Urban 20.9%)

Self Employed Workers- 51.0% (NSS 2009-10) Casual Labour 33.5% (NSS 2009-10)

Per Capita Income (2012-13) Rs. 5729 per month(Approx US$100 )


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A Few Major Social Protection Schemes in India

Scheme Purpose

Integrated Child Development

Services (ICDS)

To improve the nutrition

health status of childrenthe age of 6 years and thpregnant and lactating mand adolescent girls

Midday Meals School feeding program children in Grade I-VIII

Schools Stipends Stipends for school enrolltarget groups like SC, S

Public Distribution System (PDS) Supply of subsidized food

non-food items to the p


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A Few Major Social Protection Schemes in India

Scheme Purpose

Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) To provide houses to thein the rural areas

Mahatma Gandhi NationalRural Employment GuaranteeScheme (MGNREGS)

Guarantees 100 days owage-employment perhousehold per year wh

adult members voluntunskilled manual workRashtriya Swasthya BimaYojana (RSBY)

Subsidized health insuscheme for unorganisesector workers from B

category and their fam


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Monitoring Social Protection Schemes

Processes By setting up of committees to monitor the processes Social audit by independent agencies

Output Monitoring progressive expenditure Outreach of schemes in terms of total number of beneficiaries

Outcome indicators Outcomes like reduction in poverty, mortality, improvement in

nutrition level etc.


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Measuring Output and Outcome

Based on administrative data Estimates thrown by sample surveys Numbers thrown by population censuses


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Population Census & Socio-Economic CasCensus

Population Census is done every 10 th year. Last Census2011.

Population Census 2011 has been followed by a Socio-Economic Caste Census where apart from other informationfollowing information has been collected. Household member-wise information about

Educational level, Main Source of income,

Wages earned (daily, weekly, monthly, irregular etc.,) Disability, Chronic Illness

Household level information About dwelling unit, Amenities like drinking water, light etc. Whether household possesses Refrigerator, Telephone Computer etc.


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Household Surveys in India

Nation-wide large scale household sample surveys are undertakenNational Sample Survey Office (NSSO), Ministry of Statistics &

Programme Implementation. Some major subjects on which NSSO conducts household survey

Consumer Expenditure Employment and Unemployment Debts and Investment Health, Hygiene and Sanitation Social Consumption Housing Condition etc.

Besides, there are other Ministries also which conduct householdsurveys e.g. National Family Health Survey (NFHS) by Ministry of Health & Family w Employment Unemployment Survey by Ministry of Labour & Employmen


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Round No.

Period of Survey Subject of Enquiry

65 Jul 2008 - June 2009 Domestic tourism, housing condition,particulars of slums

66 Jul 2009 - June 2010 Consumer expenditure & employment-unemployment

67 Jul 2010 - June 2011 Un-incorporated non-agricultural enterp( excluding construction )

68 Jul 2011 - June 2012 Consumer expenditure & employment -unemployment

69 Jul 2012 - Dec. 2012 Drinking water, sanitation, hygiene, houconditions and urban slums

70 Jan 2013 Dec 2013 Land and livestock holdings, debt &investment, situation assessment survagricultural households

NSSO Surveys During the Last 5 Years


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Major Objectives of Household Consumer Expenditure Surveys of NSSO

Level of living, Distribution of population by monthly per capita expenditur

(MPCE),

Inequality and poverty,

Level of nutrition, in terms of intake of protein, fat etc., of different regions and disparities thereof,

Weighting diagram for Consumer Price Indices (CPI),

Analysis of demand and supply of commodities and service


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Major Objectives of Household Employmentand Unemployment Surveys of NSSO

Indicators of employment and unemployment at national anstate level e.g. Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR), WoPopulation Ratio (WPR) etc.

Activity status, industry, occupation of persons along witheducation particulars,

Employment in informal sector, wages of employees etc.

For developing employment strategy,

For estimating GDP using sector-wise workforce participati

Analysing the condition of labour market


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Information captured in household consumer expendituresurvey and employment-unemployment survey of NSSO

pertaining to social protection

Monthly Per Capita Expenditure (MPCE) - used for workinpoverty estimates for different social groups

Member-wise information on number of meals taken fromschool, balwadi etc.

Consumption of goods at household level from PDS shops Member-wise information is collected on work in MGNRE

scheme

Availability of social security benefits to the members who working


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Monitoring of Programmes

Monitoring of different programmes is done by the nodMinistries as per the mechanisms devised by them,

Besides,

Monitoring and Evaluation is done by Planning Commis

Delivery Monitoring Unit (DMU) in the Prime Ministers O

Monitoring of some of the programmes is done byProgramme Implementation Wing of MOS&PI also.


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National Level Monitoringby

Ministry of Rural Development


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National Level Monitoring of RuralDevelopment Programmes 2012-13

Monitoring done by third party independentindividual/institutional National Level Monitors (NLMs),

NLMs reports contain Analysing the situation of the programme, Determining whether the inputs in the programme are well uti Identifying problems facing the community and finding the

solutions, Ensuring all activities carried out properly by the right people

in time, Determining the appropriateness of programme planning for

achieving its objectives.


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National Level Monitoring of RuralDevelopment Programmes 2012-13

3177 villages in 945 blocks from 318 districts of 27 statwere covered,

The blocks/villages were randomly selected,

Information was collected on structured formats for eac

programme, Data was entered online on a customised web based

application which was in turn collated and analysed forpreparing all India report


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Challenges in Monitoring Social Protection

For monitoring schemes effectively, the same needs to bdone at more micro level resulting in requirement of statistics at local level i.e. block or village level,

Due to its large size and diversity, huge resources arerequired for fulfilling the data needs for proper monitor

of schemes in India, Greater emphasis on financial/ physical progress report

than on outcome or impact.


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A Few Suggestions Regarding Monitoring of Social Protection Schemes

Due consideration to the monitoring aspect of the scheme, along the cost involved therein, needs to be given at the time of designiit,

Monitoring needs to be done not only at macro level but also at mlevel for which capacity should be developed,

Statistical system at all level, from macro to micro level, should

involved to cater the data needs for the said purpose, Suitable survey techniques need to be developed to meet the data

requirements,

Help of civil society organisations may be taken in monitoring thdelivery mechanisms of such schemes.


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Documents

Day 3 Session 3 Country Experience on Monitoring Social Protection, Presentation of India