Day 12 Launching a New Nation

• Homework 74-79

George Washington

• First and Only Unanimous President

• Judiciary Act of 1789- state courts could appeal to Federal courts,

• 3 cabinet positionsSecretary of State- Thomas

JeffersonTreasury- Alexander

HamiltonWar- Henry Knox

Hamilton vs.Jefferson

• Central Government vs. State Government

• Educated Elite vs. People in Mass

• Commerce and Industry vs. Farms

• Loose vs. Strict Construction• Implied Power vs. Power

specifically granted• National vs. State Bank• 2 Party System (Democratic-

Republicans and Federalists)

Hamilton’s 5 Objectives

• Stabilize Economy and establish credit

• Build and demonstrate Federal Power

• Tie the interest of wealthy to that of the governments

• Commercial Expansion overseas

• Anchor US Foreign policy with a commercial and diplomatic allegiance with Great Britain

Challenges• Protective Tariffs• Whisky Rebellion- Pennsylvania

(taxes), army puts down rebellion• French Revolution and war – split

on party lines. • Washington remains neutral• Treaty with Spain/ Thomas

Pinkney- Gain Florida Territory• Native American Resistance in

Northwest• (John) Jay’s Treaty- land west of

Appalachia gained but upset many anti-British due to trade concessions

John Adams

• Washington does not seek 3rd term Criticizes party system

• Adams defeats Jefferson by close margin (Pres. And vice pres)

• Sectionalism• XYZ affair- US insulted by

bribe demand to see higher official.

• Adams uses anger to develop Navy

Thomas Paine to Washington in final year of 2nd Term

“ As to you sir, treacherous in private friendship…and a hypocrite in public life, the world will be puzzled to decide, whether you are an apostate or an imposter; whether you have abandoned good principles or whether you ever had any?”

Apotheosis of Washington

Alien and Sedition

• Many Democratic-Republicans were Foreign Born (largest group Irish and Many French)

• Federalist pushed Alien Act. Residency Changes from 5-14 years. President could deport or jail any “undesirable”

• Sedition Act- imprison or fine anyone who tried to hinder the operation of the government

Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions

• Virginia attacked Alien and Sedition acts

• Kentucky act asserted principle of nullification

Summary Notes1) Which Act of Congress created lower courts, reinforced federal laws

supremacy and provided for the number of justices on the supreme court?2) What were the first three cabinet positions?

3) Between Jefferson and Hamilton- who?:a) Supported federal Banksb) Believed that educated elite and business should run governmentc) Proposed that the federal government pay the debt of the state

governments

4) Who approved the Bank of the United States?5) Who supported a strong central government the Federalist or the

Democratic-Republicans? What did the other support?

6) What was the law allowed the president to jail “undesirables”?7) What was the event that almost lead to war between France and US?

8) What two State resolution claimed that they could nullify any law that they found to be unconstitutional?