David Venus

AEE - Institute for Sustainable

Technologies, Gleisdorf, Austria

d.venus@aee.at

Façade integrated HVAC systems

for the renovation of residential buildings

Content

• Project goals and method

• Development of energy supply systems

• Reference building

• Selected simulation results

• Outlook

Research project

HVACviaFACADE…

…prefabricated façade elements with maximum

integrated HVAC components and systems for

the renovation of existing buildings

Project goals

• Increased integration of active and passive HVAC

components in prefabricated facade modules for

high quality retrofitting

• Develop energy supply systems which allow direct

interaction between the active energy elements in

the facade and the room (flat) behind

• High level of prefabrication and easy accessibility for

maintenance purposes

• Make the advantages of multifunctional facades

rateable and compareable

Development of energy supply concepts

Approach:

1. Development and pre-examination of individual

concepts

– Heating

– Domestic hot water

– Ventilation

Development of energy supply concepts

Approach:

1. Development and pre-examination of individual

concepts

2. Pre-evaluation based on different aspects (matrix)

Development of energy supply concepts

Approach:

1. Development and pre-examination of individual

concepts

2. Pre-evaluation based on different aspects (matrix)

3. Selection and merging to “overall supply concepts”

Development of energy supply concepts

Approach:

1. Development and pre-examination of individual

concepts

2. Pre-evaluation based on different aspects (matrix)

3. Selection and merging to “overall supply concepts”

4. Simulation and detailed assessment

Concepts to be simulated

Scenario

heating demand

[kWh/m²a]

30 15

Reference case* X X

Air-to-Water Heat Pump with PV X X

- Increase source temperature by using mechanical exhaust

air X

- Partially increase of outside temperature by using façade integrated air-heater solar collector or PVT collector

X

Air-to-Water Heat Pump with PV X X - Partially increase of outside temperature by using façade

integrated PVT collector X

Direct electric heating using PV and infrared heating X X

Activating the outside wall by using solar heat X X

* central gas fired condensing boiler for heating,

decentralised electric heaters for DHW preparation

Concepts to be simulated

Scenario

heating demand

[kWh/m²a]

30 15

Reference case* X X

Air-to-Water Heat Pump with PV X X

- Increase source temperature by using mechanical exhaust

air X

- Partially increase of outside temperature by using façade integrated air-heater solar collector or PVT collector

X

Air-to-Water Heat Pump with PV X X - Partially increase of outside temperature by using façade

integrated PVT collector X

Direct electric heating using PV and infrared heating X X

Activating the outside wall by using solar heat X X

C

Concepts to be simulated

Scenario

heating demand

[kWh/m²a]

30 15

Reference case* X X

Air-to-Water Heat Pump with PV X X

- Increase source temperature by using mechanical exhaust

air X

- Partially increase of outside temperature by using façade integrated air-heater solar collector or PVT collector

X

Air-to-Water Heat Pump with PV X X - Partially increase of outside temperature by using façade

integrated PVT collector X

Direct electric heating using PV and infrared heating X X

Activating the outside wall by using solar heat X X

C

D

Reference building

Simulation of the entire building

• 4 heated thermal zones

(each including 3 apartments – 1 on each floor)

• 1 unheated staircase

• Unheated basement

• Unheated attic

in total: 687 m² heated floor area

23.42 m

10.5 m

10.79 m

Reference building

Simulation of a single apartment

apartment „large“

63 m² heated floor area

apartment „small“

38 m² heated floor area

Reference building

Simulation of a single apartment

4 thermal zones:

- kitchen

- bathroom

- living room

- bedroom

57 m² heated floor area

68%73%

37%

50%

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

reference central HP + PVFacade East

central HP + PVFacade East + South

PV Facade East +West

PV Facade East +West + Roof

f_SA

VE

PE

kWh

/a m

²GFA

heat for heating and DHW

useful energy end energy primary energy fSAVE

Simulation results

Simulation results

58%64%

34% 47%

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

reference central HP + PVFacade East

central HP + PVFacade East + South

PV Facade East +West

PV Facade East +West + Roof

f_SA

VE

PE

kWh

/a m

²GFA

heat for heating and DHW + household electricity

usefule energy end energy primary energy fSAVE

Simulation results

24%

39%45%

57%

39%33%

57% 56%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

central HP + PV Facade East central HP + PV Facade East+ South

PV Facade East + West PV Facade East + West +Roof

%

characteristic values of the PV system - only heat for heating and DHW

solar fraction system own consumption

Simulation results

25%

37% 39%

53%

66%

53%

97%

65%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

central HP + PV Facade East central HP + PV Facade East+ South

PV Facade East + West PV Facade East + West +Roof

%

characteristic values of the PV system - heat for heating and DHW + household electricity

solar fraction total own consumption

Outlook

• First simulations show good results

• Simulations will be finished within the next

weeks

• Life Cycle Costs will be calculated for selected

concepts

• Two façade modules with integrated HVAC will

be constructed and tested at the façade test

facilities of the Graz University of Technology

Thank you for your attention!

DI David Venus

AEE – Institute for Sustainable Technologies

Mail: d.venus@aee.at

Phone: +43 3112 5886 – 319

http://www.aee-intec.at @AEE_INTEC on Twitter

http://task56.iea-shc.org/