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Vortrag auf der Tagung "Dating Egyptian Literary Texts" (Göttingen, 9.-12. Juni 2010)
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Dating Egyptian literary texts: lexical approaches
Simon D. SchweitzerBBAW, Altägyptisches Wörterbuch
Concept of the life span
Timeline --------------------------------------------->Word 1 --------------------------------------Word 2 ---------------------------Word 3 -------------------------Word 4 ---------------------------Word 5 -----------------------
Text ********
Merikare E 106-107: agsw
Khakheperreseneb: qdf
DZA & TLA
TLA
DZA
Khakheperreseneb:life span of rare words
• Middle Kingdom – New Kingdom (or later): wjn, “to push aside; to reject”; vAbb, “crookedness”; sfn, “to afflict” � 3
• Only New Kingdom (or later): nkA, “to think about”; cpp, “strange”; snf, “last year”; qdf, “to gather” � 4
• Middle Kingdom stela & Admonitions: jrt.w, “distress” � 1
Five problems
1. Significance2. Frequency3. Change4. Accident of preservation5. Transmission of text
Sinuhe: nw� ym
B
AOS
Ptahhotep § 117: kAU� nkA
Khety: wtc#f wäA#f� wäA#f wäA#j
pJuja,BD 10
pNebseni, BD 10
Principles for a lexical dating method
• Use all words!• Note the frequency!• Neglect the life span!
3 documents
• A: I am in the house. You are outside the house.
• B: This house is green.
• C: John eats the cake.
Indexing
• A: I am in the house. You are outside the house.
• Index: I, be, in, the, house, you, outside
General index
• I, be, in, the, house, you, outside, this, green, John, eat, cake
Document vector
• I, be, in, the, house, you, outside, this, green, John, eat, cake
• (1|2|1|2|2|1|1|0|0|0|0|0)
• I am in the house. You are outside the house.
Document vector
• I, be, in, the, house, you, outside, this, green, John, eat, cake
• (0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|1)
• Cake Cakes
Distances between document vectors
Hierarchical clustering
Nile HymnEloquent
Peasant
Merikare
Man for his Son: only
§§ 9ff.Man for his
Son: remaining
manuscripts
Teaching&
Tale
Teaching&
Hymn
Sinuhe
Kemit
Fishing, Amenemhat, Mythological Papyrus Moscow, Khakheperreseneb, Shipwrecked Sailor, Man and his Ba
Merikare, Ptahhotep,
Eloquent Peasant
Khety
Juru, a Kemit manuscript, Ashmolean Wisdom, Middle
Kingdom tale of Horus and Seth, Hordjedef
Khety, Man for his Son, pRamesseum II, Sasobek
Loyalist Teaching
Khety, Man for his Son, UC 32157, Hay, Neferkare
Nile Hymn
Man for his Son
Loyalist Teaching
Herdsman, Sporting
King
Kagemni, DeM 1675, Ptahhotep C, Sinuhe L, Westcar,
Admonitions, Neferty
Merikare, Ptahhotep,
Eloquent Peasant
Ptahhotep, Merikare, Eloquent Peasant
Ptahhotep, Merikare, Eloquent
Peasant, etc.
Kagemni, DeM 1675, Ptahhotep C, Sinuhe L, Westcar,
Admonitions, Neferty
Kagemni, Westcar, Admonitions, Neferty
Westcar, Admonitions, Neferty
Kagemni, Ptahhotep C